新高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破浙京津鲁琼版讲义专题二阅读理解第二节一

第二节推理判断题一、细节推断题(2019·全国Ⅱ，B)“Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择)，andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids’lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule，orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup，“Alright.Yes，I’lldoit.”I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule，sendsoutemails，andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway，thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still，mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore：Connectingtothecommunity(社区)asyoufreelygiveyourtime，money，skills，orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense，I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.However，ifothersbenefitintheprocess，andIgetsomerewardtoo，doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者成功地说服了一名家长参加志愿者团队；而作为一名志愿者，作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。24．WhatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinParagraph1?A．Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B．Sheisn’tgoodatsports.C．Shejustdoesn’twanttovolunteer.D．She’sunabletomeetherschedule.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择)，andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.”可知，这位家长要求把她当作最后的选择，如果没有其他的志愿者，她再做。由此可推断出，她不想做志愿者。故选C。25．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inParagraph2mean?A．Encourageteamwork.B．Appealtofeelings.C．Promotegooddeeds.D．Provideadvice.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句的前一句“Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.”和后一句“ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon...”可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。由此可知，画线处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。26．WhatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromParagraph3?A．Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B．Sheisproudofherkids.C．She’llworkforanotherseason.D．Shebecomesagoodhelper.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及“thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam”可知，她最终成了志愿者队伍中重要的一员，也就是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。27．Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A．Itgivesherasenseofduty.B．Itmakesherveryhappy.C．Itenableshertoworkhard.D．Itbringshermaterialrewards.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Connectingtothecommunity(社区)asyoufreelygiveyourtime，money，skills，orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.”可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的乐趣，参加志愿者活动使她感觉很快乐。故选B。一、题型解读细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(作出结论)和assume(假定，设想)。该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：1．Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat.2．Whatcanweinfer/learnfrom...?3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.4．Thepassage/story...indicates/suggests/impliesthat.二、解题技巧——关键词句细推敲第一步：定位细节——根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息(关键词语)。第二步：揣摩细节——对原文中的信息进行分析，推理判断，利用逆向思维和正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。注意：1.切勿拿文章中的某一个细节内容作为推理的结论。2.切勿脱离原文而凭个人看法主观臆断。例如：【真题感悟】中的24题，根据文章第一段第一句“Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择)，andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.”可推断出，她不想做志愿者。故选C。AThisweek，amammoth(猛犸象)possiblykilledbyhumans10,000to15,000yearsagowasfoundinsoyfieldsabout50mileswestofDetroit.ItwasfoundbyfarmerJamesBristleandhisneighborTrentSatterthwaite，whowerereportedlydigginginthefield.Atfirst，theycouldn’t1figureoutwhattheywereseeing.“Itwasprobablyaribbonethatcameup，”BristletellsAnnArborNews.“Wethoughtitwasabentfence9post.”Uponcloser6inspection，however，itbecamecleareventountrainedeyesthiswasnofencepost.“Weknewitwassomethingspecial.”Thentheyspedupthedig.AfterfindingthebonesMondaynight，BristlecalledtheUniversityofMichiganTuesdaymorningtoreporthisfind.ScientistDanielFisherarrivedtoinspectitWednesday，andbyThursdaymorninghehad2confirmedit’sawoollymammoth.Heconcludestheanimalwasabout40yearsoldwhenitdied.Itwashuntedbyhumans，hesays，whokilleditandstoredtheremainsinapondasawayof7preservingthemeatforfutureuse.It’s4stilltooearlytotellexactlyhowitdied，FishertellsDetroit’sWWJ-TV，“buttheskeletonshowedsignsofhuman’sbutchering.”11Thebonesarebeing3temporarilystorednearby，accordingtotheFreePress，anditremainsunclearwherethey’lleventuallyendup.Theirresearchvaluewillbedeterminedoncethey’vebeencleanedanddried.WoollymammothsoncelivedinEurasiaandNorthAmerica，andmostdisappearedby10,000yearsago—ademise(终止)thathasbeenlinkednotonlytohumans，butalsotochangingclimate.It’snowbelievedthatwarmingweather8weakenedtheirpopulationsbeforehumansdealtthefinalblows.语篇解读一位农民及其邻居在底特律附近的地里发现了猛犸象的尸骨，迹象表明它们是被人类捕杀的。科学家们对此正在进行进一步的研究。1．HowdidJamesBristleandhisneighborfindwhattheyfoundatfirst?A．It’sdelicate. B．It’sold.C．It’sunique. D．It’sworthless.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“‘Itwasprobablyaribbonethatcameup，’BristletellsAnnArborNews.‘Wethoughtitwasabentfencepost.’”可知，JamesBristle和他邻居认为最早发现的猛犸象的肋骨是一根弯曲的栅栏柱子，没有什么价值。故选D。2．Whatcanweknowaboutthemammothaccordingtothetext?A．Itmightdieinits40s.B．ItwasnativetoEurasia.C．Itpreferredwalkinginthefields.D．Itmainlydiedfromclimatechange.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Heconcludestheanimalwasabout40yearsoldwhenitdied.”可知，这头猛犸象死时大约40岁。故选A。3．WhichisDanielFisher’sopinion?A．Thebonesarewellworthstudying.B．Themammothwaskilledbyabutcher.C．Thenewfoundsitehasevidenceofhumanactivity.D．It’sunclearwhethertheboneswereamammoth’s.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Itwashuntedbyhumans，hesays，whokilleditandstoredtheremainsinapondasawayofpreservingthemeatforfutureuse.”和最后一句中的“...buttheskeletonshowedsignsofhuman’sbutchering.”可知，DanielFisher认为发现猛犸象的地方以前有人类活动的痕迹。故选C。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphmean?A．Driedtheirbones.B．Tooktheirlives.C．Destroyedtheirhome.D．Preservedtheirmeat.答案B解析句意猜测题。此处指现在人们相信在人类对它们进行最后的打击之前，气候变暖使猛犸象的数量减少了。人类的最后打击指人类对猛犸象的大量捕杀。故选B。B(2019·山东济南质检)Barcelona’sfamousSegradaFamiliaisfinallysettogetabuildinglicence,137yearsafterworkonthestilluncompletedchurchbegan.12ConstructionontheUNESCOWorldHeritagebasilica(长方形基督教堂)，whichisBarcelona’smostvisitedtouristattraction，beganin1882basedonadesignbyarchitectFranciscoLozano.However，whenhesteppeddown，architectAntoniGauditookoverthedesignin1883.Thebuildingwon’tbefinisheduntil2026—onehundredyearsafterthearchitectwaskilledbyastreetcarinthecity.HisbodywasburiedinaroomundertheflooroftheSagradaFamilia.Togetitspaperworkrubber10stamped，thechurchauthoritieshaveagreedtofinallypaythegovernmenta36millionfeeforabuildingpermit.Gaudiwastoldtogetthepaperworkprocessed，butthearchitectfailedtodoso—proceedingwithconstructionregardless.Themoneyfromthechurch’spermitwillbeusedtoupgradetransportlinksandbeautifythearea.GaudiandhisworkshavebecomesymbolsofBarcelona，thecapitalcityofCatalonia，northeastSpain.GaudiplayedanactiveroleindirectingtheconstructionoftheSagradaFamiliauntilhisdeathin1926.Hewouldoftenrequestthatworkbemodifiedandadjusteduntilitwasexactlywhathehadinmind.However,5interpretationofthedesignsbypresentdayarchitectsisparticularlychallengingbecauseofthenatureoftheexistingdesigns.TheunfinishedbuildingiscalledamasterpieceofGothicarchitectureanditisperhapsthemostuniqueandmysteriousbuildinginthestyleeverconstructed.Thepopularityofthesitewithtouristshashelpedfundthepushtocompletethechurchandpayforthepaperwork.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了巴塞罗那着名的SegradaFamilia教堂终于获得了建筑许可。这座137年前开始建造的尚未完工的教堂又开始动工了。5．WhatdoweknowabouttheSegradaFamilia?A．Ithasbeencompletelyconstructed.B．ItwasfirstdesignedbyAntoniGaudi.C．Itwillgetabuildingpermitin2026.D．Itbegantobebuilt137yearsago.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段“Barcelona’sfamousSegradaFamiliaisfinallysettogetabuildinglicence,137yearsafterworkonthestilluncompletedchurchbegan.”可知，SegradaFamilia始建于137年前。故选D。6．WhatcanweinferaboutAntoniGaudi?A．Hewishedtobeburiedinthechurch.B．Heisrememberedasagreatarchitect.C．Hedidn’tknowapermitwasnecessary.D．Heistoblamefortheunfinishedchurch.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“GaudiandhisworkshavebecomesymbolsofBarcelona，thecapitalcityofCatalonia，northeastSpain.”和第四段第一句“GaudiplayedanactiveroleindirectingtheconstructionoftheSagradaFamiliauntilhisdeathin1926.”可推知，AntoniGaudi是一位伟大的建筑师。故选B。7．WhatmakestheSegradaFamiliasopopular?A．Itsunusualdesignstyle.B．Itstwofamousarchitects.C．Itsspecialbuildingmaterials.D．Itsillegalconstructionpaperwork.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“TheunfinishedbuildingiscalledamasterpieceofGothicarchitectureanditisperhapsthemostuniqueandmysteriousbuildinginthestyleeverconstructed.”可知，独特的设计风格让SegradaFamilia大受欢迎。故选A。8．Thechurchmanagedtopayforthelicence.A．inthesupportofthegovernmentB．byreducingconstructioncostsC．withtheaidoftouristincomeD．throughdonationsfromarchitects答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，该座教堂没有建筑许可证。再根据最后一段的末句“Thepopularityofthesitewithtouristshashelpedfundthepushtocompletethechurchandpayforthepaperwork.”可知，教堂通过旅游收入来支付建筑许可证的费用。故选C。Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1．Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostarttheequipment.弄清2．Toconfirmtheresults，hemadecalculationsbasedonhisowndata，whoseresultswerealmostthesame.v.确认3．Thedailyflighttothecityhasbeentemporarilydelayedbecauseoftheearthquake.adv.暂时地4．Thesun，atleast，sofarasweareconcerned，isstandingstill.adj.静止的5．It’sdifficulttoputanaccurateinterpretationonthesurveyresultswithoutenoughreference.n.解释(二)同义词语替换6．OnarrivalinAustraliayoumustdeclareallfood，plantmaterialandanimalproductsforinspectiontoensuretheyarefreeofpestsanddiseases.check7．Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromtect8．Frequentlycheckingyourmessagesandmicroblogscanweakenyourconcentrationandproductivity.reduce(三)一词多义9．postv．发帖子n.柱子；帖子；职位v．&n．邮寄(1)Asaresult，you’llreceiveyourbookthroughthepost.n.邮寄(2)Myfatherhasheldfull-timeteachingpostsatseveraluniversities.n.职位(3)Belowisamessageandsomeresponsesthatarepostedonahealthwebsite.v.发帖子(4)Eddieparkedhiscycleagainstalamppostandlockedit.n.柱子10．stampn．邮票；印，章v．盖章；跺脚(1)It’samazingthathepossessessuchalargecollectionofstamps.n.邮票(2)Hestampedhisnameonallhisbookstokeeptrack.v.盖章(3)Chinesepaintingsgenerallyhavecalligraphicinscriptionsintheformofpoetryandaspecialstamp.n.印，章(4)Inordertokeepwarm，westampedourfeetconstantly.v.跺脚Ⅱ.长难句理解11．Thebonesarebeingtemporarilystorednearby，accordingtotheFreePress，anditremainsunclearwherethey’lleventuallyendup.[句式分析]本句为并列句。and前谓语动词是arebeingstored，是现在进行时的被动语态；and后面主句为itremainsunclear,其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是where引导的从句。[精美译文]据自由媒体报道，这些骨头被暂时存放在附近，但还不清楚它们最终会去哪儿。12．ConstructionontheUNESCOWorldHeritagebasilica(长方形基督教堂)，whichisBarcelona’smostvisitedtouristattraction，beganin1882basedonadesignbyarchitectFranciscoLozano.[句式分析]本句为复合句，主语是construction，谓语是began。which引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词basilica。basedon...作状语，表示“以……为依据”。[精美译文]被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产的大教堂(长方形基督教堂)是巴塞罗那最受欢迎的旅游景点，它始建于1882年，根据建筑师弗朗西斯科·洛扎诺的设计建造。强化练(十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·东北三省四市二模)Connectingwithpeoplehasbecomesomucheasierwithadvancingtechnology.Tasksthatoncerequiredanoperator，postagestamporcarrierpigeonarenowassimpleastappinganameorevenafaceonyourscreen，andyou’reconnected.Butalsoeasierisunconsciouslygettingcaughtupinadilemmabyviolatingcertainnewrulesforcommunicating.Abigoneforsome：Don’tcalluntilyou’vetextedtoconfirmit’sOKtocall.Butthat’sjustthebeginning.“I’musuallyprettychillandnotmuchbothersme，”saidMarkAngielle，a29-year-oldofficemanagerfromWhitePlains，NewYork.Buttheonethingthathehatesmorethananythingelseinlifeistheterribleone-wordmessage—“K.”“Attheveryleastreplywith，‘Gotit.’”hesaid，“Atleastgivemeafewwordshere.You’renotthatbusy.”Therearehundreds，perhapseventhousands，ofotherswhohavetakentosocialmediatoexpresstheirdistasteforpeoplewhodon’tfollowtheunwrittenrulesofdigitalcommunication.“Theserulesaresimplyanewdisplayofaphenomenonwe’veseeninthepast，”saidJamesIvory，professorofcommunicationatVirginiaTech.Inthesamewaythatgenerationsandsmallgroupsoffriendshavetheirownslangandcustoms，Internetculturehasgivenbirthtotechnology-dependentbeingsthathavetheirownuniquesetofroutine.Butnoteveryonegetsthepoint.Unlikelanguage，digitalcommunicationcanbefilledwithambiguousclues(线索、迹象)thatthepersonontheotherendofthecall，textoremailmayormaynoteasilyunderstand.“Assoonaspeoplearen’ttalkingfacetoface，thefirstthingthatgetslostissomeoftherichnessofthebodylanguage，”Ivorysaid，“Peopleimmediatelyfillthatgapbyusingemoji(表情符号)tosumupafeelinginseconds.”“There’sgreatpotentialfordanger，”Ivorywarned.“What’sconsideredpoliteinoneformmightbeinappropriateorrudeinanotheroccasion.”语篇解读这是一篇议论文。随着技术的进步，人与人之间的联系变得越来越容易，但在数字通信中更容易违反某些新的交流规则而无意识地陷入两难境地。许多人对这种现象表达了忧虑。1．WhatcanyouinferaboutMarkfromParagraph2?A．Heisabusinessmanwithabadtemper.B．Hecomplainsaboutsocialmanners.C．Hecan’tbearone-wordmessages.D．Hedislikesabusybusinesslife.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Buttheonethingthathehatesmorethananythingelseinlifeistheterribleone-wordmessage—‘K.’”可知，在生活中他最痛恨的一件事就是一个字2．Accordingtothetext，whichofthefollowingbreakstherulesofcommunicating?A．Johnsays“Igotit.”tohisbossfacetoface.B．JimcallsBillwithoutconfirminginadvance.C．MarytextsLilytomakesureifshecancallher.D．Jacksends“Thanksalot”tohisbusinessfriends.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句“Don’tcalluntilyou’vetextedtoconfirmit’sOKtocall.”可知，在你发短信确认可以打电话之前不要打电话。很多人都违反了这个交流规则。所以B项“吉姆没有事先确认就打电话给比尔”违反了沟通交流的规则。故选B。3．Whymaypeoplemisunderstandeachotherduringdigitalcommunication?A．Emojicannotsumupfeelings.B．Peopleusetheirownslangandcustoms.C．Therearelargequantitiesofwrittenrules.D．Peoplegetwrongmessageswithoutclearclues.答案D解析细节理解题。由第五段中的“Unlikelanguage，digitalcommunicationcanbefilledwithambiguousclues(线索、迹象)thatthepersonontheotherendofthecall，textoremailmayormaynoteasilyunderstand.”可知，人们在数字通信中会产生误解是因为人们在没有明确线索的情况下会收到错误的信息。故选D。4．Whatarepeopleexpectedtodoafterreadingthepassage?A．Toobeytheirowndigitalcommunicationrules.B．Tobeawareofrulesduringdigitalcommunication.C．Touseadvancingtechnologyevenwithdisadvantages.D．Tokeeppacewithdigitalcommunicationdevelopment.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文可知，随着技术的进步，人与人之间的联系变得越来越容易，但更容易违反某些新的交流规则而无意识地陷入两难境地。许多人对这种现象表达了忧虑。所以读了这篇文章后，人们被期望能够在数字通信过程中要注意规则。故选B。BChinesefashiondesignerWangTaoreleasedherfall-winter2019collectioninNewYorkonFebruary9，thetenthtimeherbrand，TaorayWang，hasbeenfeaturedattheNewYorkFashionWeek.SittingonthefrontrowoftheshowwereU．S.PresidentDonaldTrump’syoungestdaughterTiffanyTrumpwithhermotherMarlaMaples，aswellasformerFoxNewshostKimberlyGuilfoyle.TiffanyTrump，afanofTaorayWang，woreacustommadewhitedouble-breastedcoatbyWangtoherfather’sinauguration(就职典礼)ceremonyinJanuary2017.Wang’slatestcollection，Eternity，ispartlyinspiredbyTiffanyTrump.Inthiscollection，Wangcombinestheunconventionalbeautyofthe1970s，representedbyfamousAmericanmodelLaurenHuttonandthefemalelookfavoredbypeoplesuchasTiffanyTrump.Thetwowomenarefromtwodifferentagegroupswithtwodifferentstylesbutbothareconfidentandbrave，saidWangwhileattendinghershowinManhattan.“Beautyisnotabouttimeorage.It’sallaboutattitude.”AlongwithChina’sgrowingeconomicstrength，Chinesefashionhasgraduallygainedworldwideattention，saidWang，addingthatonlywhenmoreandmoreforeignerswearclothesdesignedbyChinesepeople，willitmeanarealriseofChinesefashionontheglobalstage.Wanghasadiversebackground.WithadegreeinhistoryfromEastChinaNormalUniversityinShanghai，WanggotaseconddegreeinfashionfromJapan’stopfashioninstituteTokyoModeGakut’n，whereshereceivedfiveinternationalawardsindesign.ShewasselectedbyJunkoKoshino—awell-knownJapanesedesigner，toheadthestudioasthechiefmen’sdesigner.Torealizeherglobalcareerambitions，WangthenleftJapantogototheUKwheresheworkedasaleadingdesigner.In2002shereturnedtoChinaandledtherepositioningofbroadcast：bo，makingitoneofthetop10Chinesewomen’slabels.WangiscurrentlyaboardmemberoftheShanghaiRiboFashionGroup.语篇解读这一篇人物传记类阅读。文章主要介绍了一位中国设计师——王陶走上了国际舞台。5．WhoprobablygaveWang’sinspirationforherlatestcollection?A．TiffanyTrumpandMarlaMaples.B．JunkoKoshirioandKimberlyGuilfoyle.C．TiffanyTrumpandDonaldTrump.D．TiffanyTrumpandLaurenHutton.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，TiffanyTrump和LaurenHutton给了王陶最新系列设计的灵感。故选D。6．WheredidWangTaowinfiveinternationalawardsindesign?A．InTokyo. B．InNewYork.C．InManhattan. D．InShanghai.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“...WanggotaseconddegreeinfashionfromJapan’stopfashioninstituteTokyoModeGakut’n，whereshereceivedfiveinternationalawardsindesign.”可知，王陶在东京获得了五项国际设计大奖。故选A。7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．BothTaorayWangandboarewellreceived.B．WangTaoworkedinUKasachiefmen’sdesigner.C．ItistheTrumpwhomakesWangTaobecomefamous.D．WangTaostudiedfashioninEastChinaNormalUniversity.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“In2002shereturnedtoChinaandledtherepositioningofbroadcast：bo，makingitoneofthetop10Chinesewomen’slabels.”可知，TaorayWang和bo都很受欢迎。故选A。8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．WangTao’sdiverseeducationbackground.B．AChinesedesigner’swayontheglobalstage.C．ThedesignstyleofaChinesefashiondesigner.D．WangTao’sfall-winter2019collectioninNewYork.答案B解析主旨大意题。第一段“ChinesefashiondesignerWangTaoreleasedherfall-winter2019collectioninNewYorkonFebruary9，thetenthtimeherbrand，TaorayWang，hasbeenfeaturedattheNewYorkFashionWeek.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了一位中国设计师走上了国际舞台。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空Anyformofspeechcanbechallenging，particularlyifyouarenotusedtotalkinginfrontofanaudience.Iamvery9thatIhavebeendoingpresentationsand10trainingprogramsformanyyears，11IhavegotusedtothenervousnessthatalwaysappearsinsidebeforeIspeak.Thenervousnessisalwaysa(n)12thingformeasitallowsmetochannelmyenergyintowhatIwanttosay.JustrecentlyIhadthepleasureof13ataconferenceaboutthekeysuccessfactors(因素)inbusinessandasusualinthedaysbeforemypresentationIspentalotoftime14whatIwantedtocover，aswellas15thecontent.Ihavealways16thelevelofsuccessofmypresentationsbytheapplause(掌声)and17thatIreceivefromtheaudience.AftertheapplauseendedIhadthe18topersonallyspeaktonearlyallofthedelegates(代表)．ThelastdelegateIspokewith19mebytakingmyhand，shakingitandsayinghowmuchshe20mypresentation，andthatshehadgotalotof21tipstouseinherbusiness.UsuallyIfeel22afteranypresentation，andIknowitisdirectlyrelatedtohowmuchenergyIputintowhatIdo.23，thistimeherpraisegavemeagreatliftandrechargedmybatteries.This24attheendofmypresentationalsomademerealizethatwhatwe25inlifecancomebacktousand26，weallneedtovaluethepraisewhenandwhereitisdeserved.AsIdroveawayfromthe27IreflectedonhowfortunateIhadbeentoreceiveallthosewordsofpraiseand28thatmorning.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。作者多年来一直从事演讲和培训方面的工作。一次演讲完毕后，一位与会代表的赞扬使得作者深受鼓舞，感悟颇多。9．A.curious B．fortunateC．doubtful D．amazed答案B解析该句提到作者自己多年来一直进行演讲方面的工作。因此可以推知，作者为自己多年来一直从事这种有挑战性的行为而感到“幸运”。curious好奇的；fortunate幸运的；doubtful怀疑的；amazed惊奇的。故选B。10．A.copying B．conductingC．using D．designing答案B解析根据前文的“dopresentations”可以推知，作者多年来一直进行培训项目的工作。copy复制，抄写；conduct进行，实施；use使用；design设计。故选B。11．A.but B．thoughC．so D．because答案C解析作者多年来一直进行演讲培训方面的工作，“所以”他已经习惯了在开口讲话之前内心出现的紧张感觉。故选C。12．A.impossible B．naturalC．funny D．good答案D解析根据后文的“...asitallowsmetochannelmyenergyintowhatIwanttosay.”可知，紧张让我把我的精力引导到我想说的话上。由此推知，紧张对作者来说是一件“好事”。故选D。13．A.performing B．speakingC．educating D．learning答案B解析根据下文中的“mypresentation”可知，作者最近在一次会议上进行演讲，谈论关于商业成功的关键因素。故选B。14．A.printing B．reducingC．researching D．telling答案C解析作者在演讲之前要“研究”自己想要演讲的内容。故选C。15．A.imagining B．protectingC．describing D．preparing答案D解析在演讲之前，作者要准备自己演讲的内容。故选D。16．A.measured B．changedC．raised D．adjusted答案A解析作者一直根据观众的掌声来衡量自己演讲的成功程度。measure衡量；change改变；raise提高，举起；adjust调整。故选A。17．A.gifts B．adviceC．comments D．invitation答案C解析该空和前面的theapplause并列，都指的是听众对作者演讲的反应。听众的反应包括掌声和评论。gift礼物；advice建议；comment评论；invitation请柬。故选C。18．A.motivation B．responsibilityC．plan D．chance答案D解析掌声过后，作者有“机会”和几乎所有的代表进行交谈。motivation动力，动机；responsibility责任；plan计划；chance机会。故选D。19．A.greeted B．blamedC．confused D．welcomed答案A解析下文中的“takingmyhand，shakingitandsayinghowmuchshemypresentation”都是最后一位代表向作者致敬的方式。greet欢迎，致敬；blame责备；confuse使困惑；welcome欢迎。故选A。20．A.explored B．enjoyedC．admired D．expected答案B解析根据下文中的“shehadgotalotoftipstouseinherbusiness”可知，最后一位代表从作者的演讲中受益颇多，因此她告诉作者非常“喜欢”作者的演讲。explore探索；enjoy喜欢，享受；admire赞美，钦佩；expect期望，预料。故选B。21．A.interesting B．simpleC．helpful D．free答案C解析结合上一句可知，她非常喜欢作者的演讲。由此推知，她从作者的演讲中获得了很多有用的建议。interesting有趣的；simple简单的；helpful有帮助的，有用的；free自由的。故选C。22．A.excited B．relaxedC．embarrassed D．tired答案D解析根据下文中“thistimeherpraisegavemeagreatliftandrechargedmybatteries”可知，这一次演讲完毕之后，最后一位代表的表扬让作者精神振奋。由此推知，通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。因为演讲耗费了大量精力。excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；tired疲惫的。故选D。23．A.However B．MoreoverC．Otherwise D．Therefore答案A解析通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。这一次作者感到精神振奋。由此可知，前后文之间是转折关系。however然而；moreover此外，另外；otherwise否则；therefore因此。故选A。24．A.challenge B．discoveryC．experience D．accident答案C解析这次经历(上文提到的内容)使作者意识到在生活中我们付出的(即分发出去的)东西会回归到我们身上。challenge挑战；discovery发现；experience经历，经验；accident(交通)事故。故选C。25．A.figureout B．setupC．dreamof D．giveout答案D解析根据