湖南省多所学校2022-2023学年高一上学期第一次考试英语试题（原卷版）

/11/11/高一英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Goforawalk.B.Havesomecoffee.C.Carrytheheavyluggage.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.WatchTV.B.Changethecurtain.C.Enjoythesunshine.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthesupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Inthestreet.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Bossandsecretary.5.Whenwillthemanattendameetingtomorrow?A.At9:00am.B.At10:00am.C.At11:00am.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前﹐你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Visitfriends.B.Seeamovie.C.Enjoyaconcert.7.Howwillthespeakersprobablygothere?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whocouldthewomanbe?A.Theman’swife.B.Apolicewoman.C.Acustomer.9.Wherewasthewalletfound?A.Intherestroom.B.Atthecounter.C.Onthetable.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthemanlookpale?A.Hegotsick.B.Hedidn’tsleepwell.C.Hearguedwithhismanager.11.Howaretheman’sprojectsgoing?A.Hehasfinishedall.B.Hehasn’tstartedyet.C.Hehasn’tcompletedany.12.Whatwillthewomandotohelptheman?AHaveachatwithhim.B.Talkwithhismanager.C.Sharetheworkwithhim.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatcanweknowaboutJane?A.Shewasseriouslyill.B.Shehadtoworklastweekend.C.Shehadtolookafterherbrother.14.WhatdoesthemanthinkofthetriptoParis?A.Annoying.B.Amusing.C.Disappointing.15.Whatcausedthewaitertobringfishinsteadofchicken?A.Poorservices.B.Toomanyorders.C.Languageproblems.16.WhydidJackrefusetoeatthefish?A.Hedislikesfish.B.Thefishwasnotfresh.C.Hewastooangrytoeatanything.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwilltheheadmasterdotomorrowmorning?A.Meetthelistenersinthelibrary.B.Giveaspeechinthelabbuilding.C.Introducetheschooltothelisteners.18.WhatwillthelistenersseeonTuesdaymorning?A.TheStatueofLiberty.B.BrooklynBridge.C.CentralPark.19.WhatwillbeheldonTuesdaynight?A.Atalkshow.B.Aparty.C.Alecture.20.WhenwillthelistenersgotoWashington?A.OnTuesdayafternoon.B.OnWednesdaymorning.C.OnWednesdayafternoon.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWe’researchingforwomenaged18-34workingtoachievesuccessintheirchosenfieldandmaketheworldbetter.Thisisachancetohighlightyourworkandwinaprizepoolworthmorethan$100,000.SixfinalistswillbeflowntoSydneytoattendtheWomenoftheFutureeventtobeheldlaterintheyear,andtheoverallwinnerwillreceive:●A$40,000investment(投资)ina12MonthTermAccountwithLaTrobeFinancial.●AfulladvertisementinTheAustralianWomen’sWeeklyandMarieClairetopromote(促进)hercause.●AdditionalexposureandsupportforhercauseinMarieClaire.Toenter,tellusin250wordsorlessaboutyourselfandhowyouwouldusetheprizetoachieveyourdreamsandbenefitothers.F.au/competitions/.Thenomination(提名)stagebeginsonJune16,2023andclosesonJuly22,2023at11:59pm.Therearetwostagesoftheawards,nominationstageandwinnerdetermined.TheseawardsareonlyopentofemaleAustralianresidentsbetween18and34yearsofageasofJune16,2023.Participants(参赛者)mustbeabletotraveltoSydneyonthedateoftheevent,October5,2023.Oneentrypermittedperperson/group.Thisisagameofskillnot:chance.ThepromoterisAreMediaPtyLimited(ABN).1.Whowouldmostprobablyattendtheevent?A.Awoman,23,USA. B.Awoman,31,China.C.Agirl,18,Australia. D.Agraduate,22,Japan.2.Whatwilltheeventoffertotheoverallwinner?A.A$140,000prize.B.Anopportunityofpromotinghercause.C.Makingfriendswiththelastoverallwinner.D.AchanceofbeingthecoverpersonofMarieClaire.3.Whatisclearabouttheeventinthetext?A.Thejudgesoftheevent. B.Thefieldsparticipantscanchoose.C.Thenumberoftheparticipants. D.Theclosingdateofnomination.BAweekagoIwentonadrivetoexploreanareaofEasternWashingtonthatI’mnotfamiliarwithatall.ItwastherollingcountrysidenorthofwhereIlive,nearthelittletownofManson.Thegeographyhereisdrybutlower,wider,andfullofrollinghills.TheareamilesintothedistancetowardstheEast.Itseemslikeaveryrural,mainlyuninhabited(杳无人烟的)area,butactually,asyouexplore,youquicklyrealizethattherearehouseseveninthemostremote(遥远的)lookingareas,littlepocketsofhumanlifehereandthere.Ithinkthatpeoplewholiveintheseareasareeitherretired,workingremotelyfromhome,orreallyneedthepeaceandenergythatthequietcountrysidecangive.Drivingupalonely,windingroad,suddenlytherewasaflashofcolorabovethatpassedoverthecar.Ofallthingsitwasapeacock(孔雀).Whatonearthwasitdoinginthisremotearea?Itseemedreallyoutofplace.Itflewfromonesideoftheroadtothehillontheother,joiningeightothersthatwerealreadythere,enjoyingthesun.Theircolorswerebrilliant.Andyes,theyseemedmorecomfortableinthatareathaninpalacegardens.Theyare,afterall,verymuchlikepheasants(野鸡),justmuchmorebeautiful.Someonenearbymusthaveattendedthem.Icouldonlyseeonefemale;ofcourseshewasn’tasbeautifultolookatasthemales.Herfeatherwasmuchmorelikethegrassandrocksofhersurroundings.Theselittledaytripsalwaysseemtobringsurprises,eveninremoteareas.Thereisalwayssomethingthatwillprovetobeunexpected.4.Howwastheareathattheauthorexplored?A.ItwasanareaofhillsnearthelittletownofManson.B.Itwasdrybutlower,wider,andfullofvisitors.C.Itwasanareawithouthumanlifeexisting.D.Itwasaruralbutbusyarea.5.Whatdoes“aflashofcolor”inparagraph4referto?A.Thesunlight. B.Apeacock. C.Thecar. D.Apheasant.6.Howmanypeacocksdidtheauthorsee?A.One. B.Eight. C.Nine. D.Eleven.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepeacocks?A.Femalepeacocksaremorebeautifulthanmaleones.B.Theyshowedgreatinterestinthecar.C.Theysuitedmoretopalacegardens.D.Theymustberaisedbyhuman.CLocatedinthepicturesqueGoulburnValleyincountryVictoriaistheKiallaCentralPrimarySchool,attendedbyjust77students,fourteachersandoneexcellentprincipal(校长).Afterexperiencingepidemiclockdownperiod(疫情封闭期)thatforcedthemintoremotelearningformonths,theboysandgirlsofKiallahavejustonemessage—THANKYOU!“Weneverexpectedsuchawonderfuloutpouringofthanks,”principalDebbieHumphriestellsWoman’sDayfromtheschool’splaygroundwherethestudentshavegatheredtopraisethedevoted(有献身精神的)staffwhosupportedthemduringtheserecenttoughtimes.“Spendingtimewiththeseamazingchildren,wefoundoneuniquequalityreallyshinesthroughtheirexceptionalkindness.FromFoundationOnethroughtoYear6,all77cometogetherasone,eachaddingtheirlittlebitofmagictothemix,”saysDebbie,52.“Ourschoolmotto,‘Asmallschooldoingbigschoolthings!’,summarizedwhatweaimtodoeveryday—togobeyondthenormalcourseofduty,toscheduletheireducationaccordingtotheirindividualstrengths,andweaknesses,andgivethemachancetoshineandbetheirbest.”“I’vebeenhereatKiallaCentralsinceitsfoundation,”Harry,11,explainsconfidently,“ThankstothebestteachersinAustralia,actuallytheuniverse,lockdownandremotelearningwaslikebeingintheclassroom—onlymorefun!NowI’minGrade6andaschoolcaptain,andit’smyjobtohelpteachthelittleonesthatwemustalwayslookoutforeachother,”hesays.Annika,whoishonoredtocaptaintheschoolwithhergoodmateHarry,isconvincedMissHandtheKiallastaffarereal-lifeangels,withoutthewings!“Duringlockdown,theychangedeverythingtomakelearningmoreinteresting.WemadeMother’sDaycardsaspartofourartlesson,andtheyorganizedflowersfromalocalcommunitygardentogifttoourmums.Ifoneofuswashavingabirthday,theyallgotintheircarsanddrovebyourhousessingingHappyBirthday!”shesays.“We’reveryproudtoknowourhardworkhaspaidoff—justlookatthosesmiles!”saysprincipalDebbie.8.Whatledtochildren’sremotelearning?A.Theshortageofequipment. B.Theepidemiclockdown.C.Thegovernmentsupport. D.Thespecialcourses.9.Whydidthestudentssay“thankyou”totheschool?A.BecauseofMother’sDaycards.B.Becauseoftheinterestingstaff.C.Becauseofitswarmenvironment.D.Becauseofitsdevotedstaffandpersonalizedcourses.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheschoolfromthetext?A.Itaimstoreceivesocialattention.B.Itisaremotevillagejuniorhighschool.C.Ithasmadeabigdifferencetostudents.D.Ithaslotsofstaffandadvancedequipment.11.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Asciencestory.C.Anewsreport. D.Ascientificstudy.DTheStateofCaliforniaisdependingonitsforeststohelpcutdownplanet-warmingCO2.Butthatclimate-changestrategymayberisky,asnewresearchfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine(UCI)reportsthattreesinCalifornia’smountainsandopenspacesaredyingfromwildfiresandotherpressures—andfewernewtreesarefillingtheblank.“Theforestsarenotkeepingupwiththeselargefires,”saidstudyco-authorJamesRanderson,theRalphJ.andCarolM.CiceroneProfessorofEarthsystemscienceatUCI.Acrossthewholestate,treecoverareahasdropped6.7%since1985.“Thesearebigchangesinlessthanfortyyears,”hesaid.It’sthefirsttimethatresearchershavebeenabletomeasuretreepopulationfallinCalifornia,andfindoutthereasons(wildfiresandwoodcutting).Forthestudy,theUCI-ledteamusedsatellitedatafromtheUSGSandNASA’sLandsatmissiontostudyplantchangesbetween1985and2021.TheyfoundthatoneofthemostobviousfallsintreecoverwasinsouthernCalifornia,where14%ofthetreepopulationinlocalmountainhaddisappeared,maybeeverlastingly.“Theability.offoreststorecover(恢复)fromfireappearstobedwindlinginthesouth,”saidJonathanWang,aresearcherinRanderson’sresearchgroup,wholedthestudycomingoutinAGUAdvances.“Atthesametime,thestate’scoverageofbushesandgrassesisrising,whichcouldmeanmoreeverlastingecosystemshifts(生态系统转化).”“Thespeedandscaleoffallintreecoverisdifferentacrossthestate.TreecoverintheSierraNevada,forexample,stayedrelativelyunchangeduntilaround2010,thenbegandroppingsuddenly.Fortunately,inthenorth,there’splentyofrecoveryafterfire,”saidWang,perhapsbecauseofthearea’shigherrainfallandcoolertemperatures.“Thisthreat(威胁)toCalifornia’sclimatesolutionsisn’tgoingawayanytimesoon,”Wangsaid.“Wemightbeenteringanewageofbiggerfireandvulnerable(易受损的)forests.”12.WhatmainlyhelpedCaliforniacutdownCO2?A.Richforests. B.Lessvehicles.C.Energysaving. D.Fineweather.13.Whathascausedthedropoftreecoverinthepastfewyears?A.Poorsoil.BContinualfloods.C.Highdemandforfarmlandandfood.D.Largewildfiresandpeople’scuttingtrees.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindling”inparagraph4mean?A.Suitable. B.Falling. C.Obvious. D.Boring.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?ACalifornia’streeswilldieoutinthefutureB.California’senvironmentwillfaceabigchallengeC.ThereasonforCaliforniawildfireshasbeenfoundoutD.WildfiresseriouslythreatenCalifornia’streecover第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。neighbors.____nttoknowmoreaboutwaystobekinder,morecaringneighbors.____16____,theyarealsohelpfultotheparentsandadultsintheroom.Gettoknowyourneighbors____17____.Getoutofyourcomfortzoneandmakeanefforttolearntheirnamesandwhattheydoforwork.Andifyoufeelcomfortable,letthemknowthatyou’retheretohelp,iftheyeverneedanotherhand.Orit’strulyassimpleassayinghello,introducingyourselfandaskinganopen-endedquestion.Makesmallkindgesturesadailypracticepractice.____otakecareofyourneighborhood,andtoshowyourneighborsthatyoucare,isbymakingsmallactsofkindnessadailypractice.____18____.Usetheskillsandresourcesavailabletoyou.Remember,everysmallgesturecounts.Remindyourselfthatbeingconnectedfeelsgoodforward.____soeasytojustgohome,closeyourdoorandturnontheTVwithouthavingtomakesmalltalk.However,connectingwithothersisworththeeffort.Reachingouttonewpeoplecanactuallymakeyouhappyinthelongrun.Andifyoutakethefirststep,yoursmallactsofkindnesscanencourageotherstopaythatkindnessforward.____19____.____20____Encouragingyourkidstogetoutthereandengagewith(与……接触)yourneighborsisimportant,butitisn’talwayseasytobalancethiswithconversationsonsafetyandthesocalledstrangerdanger.Onewaytofightagainstthisstrangerdangeroutlookisbyreachingoutofyourcomfortzoneandengagingwithdifferentpeopleinyourneighborhoodalongsideyourkids.A.MeetandengagewithdifferentpeopleB.ThatactionwillmakeevenmorepeoplefeelgoodC.WhilemanyofthesetipsbelowareforyoungpeopleD.IfyoulookforpersonswiththesameinterestsandpassionE.NeighborsareofgreatbenefittoallthepeopleinthecommunityF.GettingtoknowyourneighborsisthefirststeptobecomingakindneighborG.Thiscanbecleaninguplitterorevencleaningupafterthepetsonyourblock第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iremember,whenIwasgrowingup,thatmymomwouldtellmestoriesaboutthekindactsmydadhaddone.Oneday,mydadmetaclose,longtimefriendofhisinthedoowntownarea.Theytalkedforawhileandhisfriend____21____thathedidn’thavemoneyfor____22____home.Mydadgavehimthe____23____moneyhehad,whichwasforhisowntrain,sohejust____24____home.Ialso____25____thesekindactsinourhome.Dadwouldletmeandmytwoyoungerbrotherseatfirstbuthewouldeatafterus.Hewould____26____whateverwas____27____onthetable.Irememberthedayswhenhisolderbrotherwouldsometimescometoourhouseand____28____moneyforhiskid’sallowance(零花钱)inschoolandmydadwouldgivehimsome.Andwhenitwasourtimetoaskforallowancehewouldtellusthathehadnomoremoneyandweshouldaskourmom.Dadwasa____29____manandevenafterhisdeath,thereweremanypeoplewhotoldmekind____30____thatmydadhaddoneforthem,like____31____themfood.Heeven____32____tohelpsomeonefixhisroofandbuyhimawaterpumpwhenhehadthemoney.Inmy____33____life,Inevermetamanlikemydad.Forme,hewasthekindest,mostselflessmanonEarth.Hewouldalwaysgive____34____whenhecouldandhegaveitwitha(n)____35____heart.21.A.introduced B.mentioned C.recommended D.debated22.A.experiment B.drink C.food D.train23.A.only B.very C.same D.little24.A.biked B.walked C.drove D.flew25.A.designed B.explored C.noticed D.received26.A.register B.eat C.protect D.use27.A.left B.impressed C.scheduled D.showed28.A.applyto B.carcabout C.askfor D.focuson29.A.confident B.silent C.kind D.funny30.A.things B.goals C.styles D.debates31.A.throwing B.selling C.returning D.giving32.A.pretended B.forgot C.promised D.advised33.A.short B.awkward C.fortunate D.whole34.A.help B.money C.solution D.topic35A.cold B.sincere C.curious D.anxious第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The2021China(Qufu)InternationalConfuciusCulturalFestival(孔子文化节)andthe7thNishanForumonWorldCivilizationswasheldinQufu,____36____county-levelcityinJining,EastChina’sShandongProvince,fromSept.27to28.Foreignjournalists____37____(represent)over10foreignmediafromcountriessuchasItaly,Brazil,PakistanandPortugalwentona“CharmingShandong”triptothecity____38____(experience)traditionalConfucianculture.Thisyear’sculturalfestivalfocusesonthe____39____(celebrate)ofthe2,572ndanniversaryofthebirthofConfucius,afamousancientChinesephilosopherandeducator.TheConfuciusTemple,____40____islocatedinQufu,thebirthplaceofConfucius,heldamemorialceremonyonSept.28.ThemediagroupvisitedtheConfuciusTemple,theConfuciusCemeteryandtheConfuciusFamilyMansiononSept.27.Itwasthefirsttimethatsomanyforeignjournalists____41____(visit)Qufu.“Theculturalatmosphere,thescenicspotsIvisited,andeveneverytreeandgrasshereareamazingand____42____(impress),”onevisitorsaid,addingthatheisabigfanandstudentofChineseculture,andthetripallowedhimtolearnaboutChinesehistory,cultureandstoriesconnected____43____Confucius.TheTempleandCemeteryofConfuciusandtheKongFamilyMansionwerebuiltin478BCinmemoryofConfucius.ThethreeConfuciussitesinQufu,____44____(add)toUNESCO’sWorldHeritagelistinDecember1994,havekept______45______(they)artisticandhistoriccharacteristics(特色).第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的外国朋友David和他最好的朋友因为一件小事发生了争吵而导致关系破裂。现在他很后悔，不想失去这个好友。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.给出建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,I’msorrytoknowthatyourbestfriendandyoubrokeupoverasmallthing,forwhichyoufeelregret.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Allthebest.Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whentwo-yearoldFrankie-RaeHockneytookherfirstshakystepsacrossthelivingroom,hermothercried.Althoughwatchingachildwalkforthefirsttimeisanexcitingmomentforanyparent,forMary-EllaTuppenney-Hockneyitwasamilestonesheneverthoughtherdaughterwouldmeet.Frankie-Raewasbornwithararechromosomalanomaly(染色体异常)called17p13.1microdeletionsyndrome,ofwhichthereareonly21knowncases.Doctorsexplainedthattheyonlyhadfivedifferentcasestudieswhohadtheconditionandsotherewerelotsofuncertaintiesaboutherfuture.Asaresult,whenshewasborn,Mary-Ella,36,anddadBenHockney,37,werewarnedthatshemightneverwalkortalk.Theybothbrokedownintears,notknowingwhatlifewouldholdfortheirdaughter.Mary-EllaisadanceteacherandsherunsherowndanceschoolinOxfordsh