2021年中考英语专题复习-阅读理解真题精选

备战2021年中考英语专题复习——阅读理解3

（真题）

一、阅读理解

1.阅读理解

ThelongestriverintheworldistheNile.Itis4,160miles

long.ButtheNileisnotthemightiest(浩荡的)river.The

Amazonis.TheAmazonisalsothesecondlongestriverinthe

world.Itis3,900mileslong.Howlongisthat?Itislongerthana

roadgoingfromNewYorkCitytoSanFrancisco.

TheAmazonisthemightiestforthisreason.Ithasthe

greatestamountofwater.Morewaterrunsouttoseathanfrom

theNile.Mississippi,andYangtzeriverscombined.That'salot

offreshwater!Theforceofitscurrent(水流)isgreattoo.The

currentcanbeseen200milesoutinthesea.There'sastoryto

showtheAmazon'samazingcurrent.Ashipsailed(航行)far

awayfromBrazil.Itranoutofdrinkingwater.Anothership

passedby.Thefirstshipaskedforwater.Someoneonthe

secondshipsaid."Justputyourbuckets(桶)intothesea."

Hereareafewmorefacts.Atitsmouth,theAmazonis90

mileswide.Evenuptheriver,youcan'tseetheoppositebank.

Theriverisalsoverydeep(from22to76meters).Duringrainy

season,theriverrisesabout16metersmore.Bigoceanships

cansailabout1,800milesupstream(向上游).Smallerships

cansail1,000milesfarther.

What'sthemostbloodthirstyfishintheworld?No.It'snotthe

sharkIt'stheAmazon'spiranha.Itisonlyabout10cmto20cm

long.Ithassharpteeth.Thousandstravelinagroup.Noanimal

canswimacrosstheriver.A1,000-poundhorsewouldbejust

bones(骨头)inthreeminutes.Areyouplanningatriptothe

Amazon?Here'sapieceofadvice.Leaveyourswimsuitat

home!

1.（1）Afterreadingthispassageitseemsclear

that____________.

A.peopledonotdrinktheAmazon'swaterB.itwouldnotbe

goodtovisittheAmazonduringrainyseasonC.sailingonthe

Amazonrequiresaknowledgeofitscurrent

2.（2）Thewriterhelpsyouunderstandhowlongthe

Amazonisby________.

A.tellinghowlongtheNileisB.comparingittoadistance(距

离)onlandC.comparingitwiththeYangtzeRiver

3.（3）InParagraphFour,theword"sharp"means"______"

inChinese.

A.锋利的B.急剧的C.强烈的

4.（4）Thepassagemainlytellsus__________.

A.piranhaintheAmazonB.travelingintheAmazonC.

interestingfactsabouttheAmazon

2.阅读理解

TheTaojinshanGreenway(绿道)inShenzhenhasbeen

opentocitizenssinceJuly,2019.Sittingatthewestsideof

ShenzhenReservoir,itisaslongas7.07kilometers.

Withplantsalongbothsidesandlakeslyingatdifferentsites,

touristscanenjoywonderfulsceneryalltheway.Iftheyare

tired,theyarefreetotakearestatthe3stopsthatwerebuilt

forbreaks.Additionally,fiveunusedguardposts(岗享)along

theoldroutehaveremained.Theyserveassightseeing

platformsforvisitorstofeeltheculturalspiritbehindtheplace.

Ofallits13scenicspots,8weredesignedtohaveAl

helpers.Fromthem,visitorscangaininformationonparking,

tourguideservicesandmore.Thesmartgreenway,withfree

Wi-Fiavailable,alsoprovidesenvironmentaldate,suchas

temperature,windspeedandairquality.What'smore,itcan

givevisitorswamingsofcomingextreme(极端的)weatherand

naturaldisasters,includingrainstormsandtyphoonsthatmay

hitShenzhen.

"Startedinthemiddleof2015,thebuildingprocessofthe

TaojinshanGreenwayhastakengoodcareofdewildlifeand

environmentnearby"saidYangShiming,anoffcialinchargeof

theproject."

Thegreenwayisanexampleofconstructionprojectswithout

doingharmtothenature.Italsoshowstherolethattechnology

playsinbuildingasmartgreenwayformorelifeconvenience."

1.（1）HowlongdidittaketofinishtheTaojinshan

Greenway?

A.About3yearsB.About4years.C.About5yearsD.About

6years.

2.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"inParagraph

2referto?

A.Views.B.Visitors.C.Stops.D.Guardposts.

3.（3）WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.WhatAlhelpersdo.B.Technologychangeslife,C.HowAl

helperswork.D.Technologyprotectshumans.

4.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.ItisinterestingtouseAlhelpers.B.Itisimportanttobuild

greenways.C.Itispossibletobalancenatureand

construction.D.Itisunnecessarytoworryaboutterrible

weather.

3.阅读理解

Manypeopledreamoftravelingintoouterspace.However,

spendingtoomuchtimeinspacemaycausehealthproblems,

accordingtoNASA.That'swhyastronautsshouldn'tspend

morethansixmonthsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)at

atime.

Muscle(肌肉)andboneloss

Inaweightlessenvironment,astronautsdon'tneedtouse

theirmusclestosupportthemselves,sotheirmusclesstart

shrinking.Tokeeptheirmusclesstrong,astronautsneedto

exerciseabout2hourseachdayontheISS.

Sleepdisorder(混乱)

Inspace,thesunrisesevery90minutes.Itishardfor

astronautstogetusedtothislight-darkcyclewhentheysleep.

Also,theyneedtosleepinasleepingbagthatisfixedtoawall,

anditisuncomfortable.

Astronautsnowhaveindividualsleepingpods(分离仓)that

helpshutoutsomeofthelight.Sill,studieshavefoundthat

mostastronautsonlysleepaboutsixhourseachnight,even

thoughtheyshouldhaveeightandahalfhours.

Brainchanges

Scientistshavefoundthatthepositionofthebrainchanges

duringspaceflight.Itcanaffecthowthebraindealwithhowwe

see,staybalancedandmovearound.That'swhysome

astronautscan'tcontroltheirmovementandbalanceafter

returningtotheEarth.Scientistshavealsofoundthat

astronautsmaygetusedtothischangeaftergoingonmore

spaceflights.Buttheystillneedtodomoreresearch.

1.（1）Accordingtothepassage,astronautsmayhavethe

followinghealthproblemsEXCEPT____________.

A.bonelossB.brainchangesC.sleepdisorderD.headache

2.（2）Astronautsmayhavemuscleproblemsafterreturning

totheEarthbecause_________.

A.theyseldomwalkwhileinspaceB.theyaretoobusyto

exerciseinspaceC.theydon'thaveenoughroomtoexercise

inspaceD.theydon'tneedtousetheirmusclestosupport

themselvesinspace

3.（3）Astronautssleepinindividualsleepingpodsto

________________.

A.staywarmatnightB.shutoutlightC.enjoyaquietplace

D.avoidmovingaround

4.（4）Theunderlinedword"shrinking"inthesecond

paragraphmeans________________.

A.萎缩B.改变C.消失D.膨胀

5.（5）Thebesttitleofthispassageis________________.

A.SleepDisorderinSpaceB.BrainChangesinSpaceC.

MuscleandBoneLossinSpaceD.HealthProblemsinSpace

4.阅读理解

ChinaiscalledtheKingdomoffans.Fansareeverywherein

ourdailylife.Buthowmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?

Itissaidthatfanswerefirstusedtocooltheairduringthe

ShangDynasty.Atthattime,theyweremadeoffeathers,

bambooorsilk.Someofthemwereround,whileotherswere

square.

FoldingpaperfansfirstbecamepopularduringtheSong

Dynasty.Therewereusuallybeautifulpicturesonthefans.

Someweremountainsandrivers,otherswereflowersand

animals.Manypeople,includingSuDongpo,apoetoftheSong

Dynasty,andTangBohu,ascholaroftheSongDynasty,even

paintedandwrotepoemsonfans.Thismadethefansintoart

works.Manyrichandimportantpeoplelikedholdingfans.

Today,fansarepopulargifts.Duringthe2008Beijing

OlympicGames,foldingfansweregiventoleadersandofficials

fromothercountries,aswellasaudiencemembers.Whilethey

werehavingtheirfanstogetcoolair,theywerealso

experiencingChineseculture.

1.（1）Thefansweremadeofdifferentmaterials

except__________duringtheShangDynasty.

A.paperB.bambooC.silkD.feathers

2.（2）Whendidfoldingfansfirstbecomepopular?

A.TheShangdynasty.B.TheSongDynasty.C.Today.D.In

2008.

3.（3）Whatcouldn'tpeopleseeonfansintheSong

Dynasty?

A.MountainsB.AnimalsC.FlowersD.Audience

4.（4）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothe

passage?

A.FanswerefirstusedtocooltheairduringtheSongdynasty.

B.TangBohuneverwroteorpaintedonfans.C.Somefans

wereround,whileothersweresquareduringtheShang

Dynasty.D.Foldingfanswereonlygiventoleadersand

officialsfromChina.

5.（5）What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.TheDevelopmentofFansB.TheShapesofFansC.When

FansBecamePopularD.HowFansBecameArtWorks

5.阅读理解

"ThisisJohn,"saidMrTurner.Theboystandingnexttohim

wastall,withafriendlyface.InoticedAdamandChengive

eachotherthethumbs(大拇指)up.Thatmeanttheyweregoing

toinvitehimtojointhecoolgroup.Theysmiledathimandhe

smiledback.

MrTurneralwaysgavenewstudentsabuddywiththesame

hobbiesasthem.Iwassurehewouldn'tchooseme.Iwasn't

oneofthecoolkids.

"Hyun,IwantyoutobeJohn'sbuddythisterm,"saidMr

Turner.Me?Icouldn'tbelievemyears!Everyoneintheclass

lookedinmydirection.AdamandChenevenlookedunhappy.

Johnwalkedovertomydeskandsatdownbesideme.He

smiledatme."Hello,"hesaidinaconfidentvoice.

"Hello,"Ireplied,notlookingathim.

AllmorningIcouldfeeltheboysinthecoolgrouplooking

angrilyatme,butJohndidn'tseemtonotice.

Finallythebellrangforabreak.Ihadbutterfliesinmy

stomach.IknewthatAdamandChenweregoingtomakefun

ofmeinfrontofJohn,andthatJohnwoulddecidethathe'd

ratherbebuddieswiththem.

Sureenough,assoonaswegotoutside,AdamandChen

swaggered(大摇大摆地走)uptous.

"MrTurnersaysyou'reagoodbasketballplayer,John,"said

Adam."How'dyouliketoplaywithusatlunchbreak?Hyun

doesn'tknowanythingaboutbasketball."

"Nothanks,"saidJohn."I'dratherplaychesswithHyun,ifhe

doesn'tmind.MrTurnersayshe'sanexcellentplayer."

IwaswalkingonairasJohnandIcrossedtheplayground.I

rememberedthesayingwelearntinclassaboutnotjudging(判

断)abookbyitscover.IcompletelymisjudgedJohn.

1.（1）Theunderlined"him"inParagraph1refersto

_______.

A.AdamB.MrTurnerC.ChenD.John

2.（2）Thesentence"Iwaswalkingonair…"inthelast

paragraphshowsthatthewriterfelt_______.

A.happyB.nervousC.calmD.lonely

3.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.AdamandChenwerenotonlycoolbutalsofriendly.B.

Hyunrealizedappearancedidn'talwaystellthetruth.C.John

didn'twanttomakefriendswithHyunatfirst.D.Hyunwasa

coolkidandgoodatplayingbasketball.

6.阅读理解

AnExperimentReportonGrowingPotatoPlants

Thingsprepared：

apotatothathassprouts

aflowerpotwithsoil

acameratorecordprogress

Observation：

DayOne

ThecolorofthesoillooksdarkerbecauseIhavejust

wateredit.Inthecenterofthepot,Icanseeatinysproutthat

hasgrownfromthepotatounderthesoil.I'llcallitBuddy.

Buddyisgreenandyellow.Iwonderhowfastitwillgrow.

Daysix

Withoutmuchchangeinthepastsixdays,Ifinallyseesome

newprogressonBuddyasithasgrowntaller.It'sexcitingto

seenewlifelikethis.IhopeBuddycangrowfaster.

DayEleven

Buddyisgettinglarger!Threemorenewsproutshavegrown

aroundBuddy!Greenleaveshavegrownonthenewsprouts,

buttheyhavenotfullygrownyet.IguessIneedtobeabit

morepatient.

DayThirteen

Buddycontinuestogrowtaller.Theleavesonthenew

sproutshavegrownabit.I'malsoexcitedtoseemorenew

sproutsthathavegrownfromunderthesoil.

DayFifteen

Finally,theleavesontheothersproutsare3cmtall.They're

sogreen.Ihopetheywillsoongrowintonewpotatoes.

WhatIhavelearned

It'sreallyinterestingtogrowpotatoes.Duringthesefifteen

days,Ihavelearnedthatgrowingpotatoplantsneedsplentyof

water.Ifsoilisdry,thepotatowillfailtogrow.Ihavealso

learnedthatthetemperatureneedstoberight.Ifitistoocold,it

won'tgrow.

Ifeelthatgrowingplantsisjustliketryingtosucceedwith

anythinginlifeittakesnotonlytime,butalsolotsofeffortsand

patience.

1.（1）Thereadingmaterialisanexperimentreport

about.

A.chemistryB.physicsC.biology

2.（2）Howmanythingsdidthewriterpreparebeforeher

experiment?

A.Three.B.Five.C.Seven.

3.（3）Howdidthewriterfeelwhenshesawtheprogressof

thepotatoplants?

A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Surprised.

4.（4）Whatcanweknowfromthewriter'sexperiment

report?

A.“Buddy”grewveryfastinthefirstsixdays.B.Plentyof

waterisnecessaryforgrowingpotatoplants.C.Thewritergot

newpotatoesonthefifteenthdayoftheexperiment.

5.（5）Whathasthewriterlearnedfromtheexperiment?

A.Oldhabitsdiehard.B.Romewasn'tbuiltinoneday.C.

Knowledgecomesfromquestioning.

7.阅读理解

Myfather,whowasalwaysdrunkandangry,beatmemore

andmoreeveryday.Healwayslockedthedoorwhenhewent

awayandkeptthekeyinhispocket.OnedayIfound.anold

saw(锯子)thathehidintheroof.WhenIwasaloneinthe

house,Istartedtomakeaholeonthefloorunderthebigtable.

Thenextdaymyfathersaid,"Huck,gototheriverandcatch

somefishforbreakfast.

Quickly!Anddon'ttryanything.Remember,I’mwatching

you!"

WhileIwasfishingbytheriver,Isawanemptyboatnearby.

"Aboat!"Ithought,happily,"Thisismychancetoescape.I'll

hidetheboatnearsometreesanduseittonight!"

Whenmyfatherwenttotownthatafternoon,Igotmysaw

andstartedtoworkonthehole.ItwaslateafternoonwhenI

finishedmakingthehole.

"Ididagoodjob,"Ithought,lookingatthehole."NowI'llget

myfather'sgun.Ihaveaplan."

Ilookedoutsidethewindowandtherewasnobodythere.I

quicklyescapedthroughthehole.ThenIranintothewoodsto

huntawildpig.Luckily,Ifoundone.Ishotitandtookitbackto

thehouseandletthepig'sbloodfallonthewoodenfloorofthe

house.ThenIpulledsomeofmyhairoutandputitonmy

father'sax(斧子)withsomeofthepig'sblood.

Itookthepig'sbodyoutsideandputitinabigbagwithsome

rocks,andthrewitintotheriver.

"Thiswaypeoplewillthink▲!"Ithought."They'llcome

andlookformybodyintheriver."Thisideamademesmile.

Iwaiteduntilitwasdarkandgotintotheboatandwentto

Jackson'sIsland.IknewaboutJackson'sIslandbecauseTom,

Ben,JoeandIhadalotoffunadventuresthere.

(AdaptedfromTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnbyMark

Twain）

1.（1）What'sthecorrectorderofthefollowing?

①Huckhidaboat.②Huckfoundasaw.

③Huckwentfishing.④Huckkilledawildpig.

A.①④②③B.③②①④C.②①③④D.②③①④

2.（2）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillinthe

blank""?

A.myfatherwentawayandI'msadB.thepig'sbloodismine

andI'mdeadC.IkilledthewildpigandI'mbraveD.my

friendshelpedmeandI'mlucky

3.（3）HuckwenttoJackson'sIslandbecausehewanted

to______________.

A.meethisfriendsB.lookforthetreasureC.takean

adventureD.escapefromhisfather

4.（4）Accordingtothepassage,whatisHucklike?

A.Braveandclever.B.Funnyandhelpful.C.Lazyand

careless.D.Boringandstupid.

8.阅读理解

Inthefuture,peoplemaytraveltoMars(火星)bywater-

poweredspaceship!Today'sspaceshipsarefineforgetting

thingsintospace,buttheyarenotsogoodattravellinglong

distances.Thesespaceshipsburnchemicalfuels(燃料)and

theyareveryexpensive.Scientistssaythatawater-powered

spaceshipcouldmakethetriptoMarsmuchcheaper.Theidea

isjustintheplanningstagesnow,butscientiststhinksucha

spaceshipcouldbedevelopedsoon.

Thekeytothewater-poweredspaceshipistheengine(发动

机)Regularenginespushspaceshipsbyburningfuel.The

waterenginewillusesteam,createdbysolarpanels(太阳能板)

thatheatwatertoahightemperature.Ofcourse,thespaceship

willhavetocarryalotofwaterforthelongtriptoMars.

Today'sspaceshipscouldnotcaythatmuchwaterBut

scientiststhinkthataspaceshipblownuplikeaballoonwillbe

ableto

OneUScompanyhasalreadydevelopedaspaceshiplike

this.Thesespaceshipsaremadeofastrongmaterial.Twoof

themhavealreadybeensentupintospace,usingrocketsand

thenlaterfilledwithair."Balloon"spaceshipscouldbevery

largeandcarryenoughwaterforalongtrip.Withthe"Balloon"

spaceships,enoughwatercouldbecarriedtopowerthe

enginesandgrowfoodduringthetrip.Andthepeopleonthe

spaceshipmightevengettotakeahotbath!

Scientistssaythebiggestadvantageofsuchaspaceship

wouldbecost.The"Balloon"spaceshipuseswatertopushit

throughspaceandcostsaboutonethirtiethofanormal

spaceship.Suchsavingsnaturallyencouragecontinued

researchintoballoonspaceshipsandwaterengines.Ifthese

scientistsarecorrect,wemaysoonbeonourwaytoMarsina

spaceshippoweredbywater.

1.（1）Whichsentencebestdescribesthemainideaofthe

passageabove?

A.Thekeytothewater-poweredspaceshipistheengine.B.

Inthefuture,peoplemaytraveltoMarsbywater-powered

spaceship.C.OneUScompanyhasalreadydevelopeda

spaceshiplikethis.DScientistssaythebiggestadvantageof

suchaspaceshipwouldbecost.

2.（2）Whatdoyouthinkisomitted(省略)attheendofthe

underlinedsentence?

A.usesteamB.pushspaceshipsC.heatwaterD.carrythat

muchwater

3.（3）Besidesgrowingfood,whatelsemightastronautsdo

withtherestofthewater?

A.Takeahotbath.B.Freezedangerousthings.C.Blowupa

balloon.D.ChangethesurfaceofMars.

4.（4）Onwhichwebsitecanweprobablyreadthis

passage?

A./powerB./music

C./cultureD.www.space.

com/spaceflight

9.阅读理解

WheneverFminvitedtosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime,

I'lltakeacloselookattheirbookshelves.Whattheykeepon

theirshelves,inmyeyes,isareflection(反映)oftheirpersonal

tastesandinterests.Thebooksonabookshelftellthestoryof

alife.

Myownshelvesareakindofroadmapthroughmylife,telling

achronologicaltale.Firstupcomemyfavoritechildhoodreads,

likeWatershipDownandHisDarkMaterials.Thecollection

thenmovesontoteenagethingsIreadinschool—Nineteen

Eighty-Four,TheHandmaid'sTaleandAClockworkOrange.

Finally,wecomeoutoffull-timeeducationandenterthereal

world,andthispartisareflectionofmyprofessional(职业

的)life,fromthefirstexcitingdaysofworkexperiencetothe

present.

Ifyoupointedtoanybookonmyshelves,Icouldnamethe

yearIgotit,whereIwasworking,andprobablywhereIwas

livingatthetime.

__▲Itisaneasywaytogettoknowabouthishopes,

dreamsandinterests.Andabigpartofthatstoryishowwe

arrange(排列)ourbooks,andgetonwiththem.Ifssucha

personalthing,differentfromeachother.Somewanttobewith

theirbooksineveryroom,othershavethemonshelves,behind

glassorsimplyliningtheirfloors.Eachhomehasastorytotell

throughthewaytheylivewiththeirbooks.

It'softensaidthatwhatwereadsayssomethingaboutwho

weare.Thewaywefillourbookshelvesmightalsosenda

messageaboutourselves.Fromthepileofbooksonyour

bedsidetabletoyourwell-organizedshelves,whetherwe

noticeitornot,ourbookcollectionsaretellingastorybeforea

singlepagehasbeenturned.

1.（1）Thebooksonthewriter'sownshelvesareorganized

accordingto_________.

A.theirpricesB.theirwritersC.hispersonalinterestsD.the

periodsofhislife

2.（2）Whichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillin

theblankinParagraph4?

A.Everybookisworthreading.B.Eachbookshelfholdsa

specialdream.C.Bookcollectionstellsomuchabouta

person.D.Thebooksapersonreadsdependonhischoices.

3.（3）Thewriterseemstoagreethat____________.

A.we'dbetternotputourbooksonthefloorB.thewaywe

arrangeourbooksshowsourtastesC.thebooksatour

bedsideareusuallymoreimportantD.wecanknowabouta

personbyreadingthemessagehesends

4.（4）Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthewriteris

probably__________.

A.abookloverB.astorytellerC.ashelfcollectorD.a

fashiondesigner

10.阅读理解

Livingonanislandmightsoundwonderful.Butwhatityou

leftforatripandfoundyoucouldneverreturn?Whatifyour

home,andeventhelanditstoodon,wasgoneforever?For

peoplelivinginthePacificIslands,thisisreallypossible.

Why?Climate(气候)change.Climatechangeiscausingthe

seatorise.That'sbadnewsforthePacificIslands.Young

peopleontheislandsareevenstartingtowonder:Willtheybe

thelastgeneration(一代人)?

Notiftheislandershaveanythingtodoaboutit.These

peoplearedeeplyconnectedtotheirhomelands.ThePacific

Islandsaremadeupof1ldifferentcountries:theMarshall

Islands,Fuji,Samoa,andothers.Butnow,thosecountriesare

workingtogether.They'rejoiningforcestofightclimatechange.

Whyisclimatechangesuchahugethreattothispartofthe

world?Islandsarelowelevations(海拔).Sotheyareamongthe

firstplacesinfluencedbyrisingseales.That'swhycountriesof

thePacificIslandsareworkingtogethertodotheirpart.

Butthesearesmallcountries.Whenitcomestoclimate

change,cantheymakeabigdifference?Theycan,because

mostofthethingsthatpeopleonislandsbuyarebroughtby

ships.Thisisveryharmfultotheenvironment.Afterall,ships

putoutalmost3penatoftheworld'scarbonemissions(碳排放),

Thatmakesclimatechangeworse.

PacificIslandersrealizetheproblem.So,in2019,six

countriesgottogether:Fuji,theMarshallislands,Samoa,

Vanuatu,theSolomonIslandsandTuvalu,Theycameupwith

aplan.Theyagreedtocutcarbonemissionsfromshippingby

40nercentby2030.Andby2050,theyexpectzero-carbon

shipping.

Howwilltheypullthisoff?Theyplantousesomereallyto

usesomereallycoolcarbon-freetechnologies.They'llmake

useofsolarandwindenergy.

Sealevelsarerising,buthopesaren'tsinkinginthePacific

Islands.

1.（1）WhatisthebadnewsforthePacificIslands

accordingtothepassage?

A.SomePacificIslandcountrieshavedisappeared.B.The

sealevelisgoingupbecauseofclimatechange.C.Allthe

shippingtothePacificIslandshasbeenstopped.D.The

PacificIslandershavenothingtodoabouttheclimatechange.

2.（2）Theunderlinedword"threat"inParagraph4probably

means"________________".

A.riskB.stepC.projectD.development

3.（3）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

__________________.

A.therewillneverbezerocarbonemissionsfromshippingB.

solarandwindenergywillmakeclimatechangeworseC.all

thePacificIslandersmayleavetheirhomelandsby2050D.

somePacificIslandcountriesmayhavehopestomakea

difference

4.（4）Thepassagemainlytalksabout

______________________.

A.whyothercountriesarehelpingthePacificIslandersfight

climatechangeB.howsomecountriesareworkinghardto

developcarbon-freetechnologiesC.howPacificIsland

countriesareworkingtogethertofightshippingpollutionD.

whyPacificIslandcountriesputoutsomuchoftheworld's

carbonemissions

11.阅读理解

Imaginethis.There'sanappleandapieceofcakeona

table.Whichonewouldyoulike?Thedeliciouscakeorthe

healthyapple?Abestseller,Willpower:RediscoveringOur

GreatestStrength,suggeststhatwillpower(意志力)istheability

tomakedecisionsthatarebetterforusinthelongterm,rather

thanintheshortterm.

Hereisafamousexperimentinthebook:TheMarshmallow

Test.In1972,ProfessorWalterMischeltestedthewillpowerof

600four-year-oldstosix-year-olds.Intheexperiment,each

childwasleftaloneinaroomforfifteenminuteswitha

marshmallow(棉花软糖）onatableinfrontofthem.Theywere

giventwochoices:theycouldeithereatitor,iftheywaited

fifteenminutes,they'dbegivenasecondone(andthenthey

couldeatboth).

So,whatdidthekidsdo?Well,asyoucanimagine,70%ate

thefirstmarshmallowwithinthefifteenminutes.Buttheother

30%showedwillpower—theycontrolledthemselvesandwaited

forthesecondmarshmallow.ButthenMischeldiscovered

somethingreallyinteresting.Twentyyearslater,hegotintouch

withthechildren,who,bythen,wereintheirearlytwenties.And

hefoundthatthosewho'dshownstrongwillpowerweregetting

bettermarksatuniversityandweremorepopular.

Willpowerislikeamuscle(肌肉),andthemoreyouexercise

it,thestrongeritgets.

So,ifyoudodaily"self-controlexercises",suchasmaking

yourbedorbrushingyourteeth,you'llimproveyouroverall

willpower.Anddailywillpowerexerciseswillhelpyouwiththose

biggergoals,suchasstudyingforanexamortrainingfora

marathon.

Becarefulthough.Justlikeanymuscle,your"willpower

muscle"cangettired.Ifyou'vehadtodolotsofthingsthat

requirewillpower,takeabreakorgiveyourselfatreat.

Thatway,you'llbuildupyourwillpoweragain.

Andonelastthing,thewritermentionspeoplewholearnforeign

languagesusuallyhavealotofwillpower.So,congratulations!

1.（1）Howmanychildrengottwomarshmallowsinthe

MarshmallowTestin1972?

A.180.B.240.C.420.D.600.

2.（2）InParagraphs3,thefamousexperimentexplains

_________________.

A.morekidshavestrongerwillpowerB.willpowerinfluences

people'slivesgreatlyC.howpeoplepracticechildren's

willpowerD.marshmallowscanhelpimprovewillpower

3.（3）Thewriterprobablyagreesthat_____________.

A.allthelanguagelearnershavestrongerwillpowerB.

willpowercan'tbeimprovedbydoingsomedailythingsC.

youngkidsdon'tneedtopracticewillpowerlikegrown-upsD.

peoplewithstrongwillpowercanachievetheirgoalsmore

easily

4.（4）Accordingtothepassage,peoplewho________

mighthavestrongwillpower.

A.doregularpianopracticeeverydayB.giveupmorning

runninghalfwayC.eatasmuchjunkfoodastheylikeD.

usuallygetuplateonthecoldmorning

12.根据短文内容，判断各小题句子的正或误。

CarrieisnowlivinginBejjing.ShecametoChinaattheage

of7.Whenshecame,shewasn'tveryhappy.Thenallthe

teachersandherclassmateswereverykindtoherandhelped

her.

NowshecanspeakChineseverywell,butfiveyearsago,

whenshefirstcame,shecouldonlyspeakitalittle.Shec