高考英语一轮复习提能练六Unit6Design含解析北师大版

PAGEPAGE17Unit6Design第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·湖南省高三六校联考)The2020AdvertisementDesignCompetitionTheAdvertisementDesignCompetitionisaninternationaldesigncontestorganizedbytheA'DesignAwardandCompetition，whichistheworld'slargestdesigncompetitionawardingbestdesigns，designconceptsandproducts&services.ThiscompetitionprimarilyaimstohighlightthebestadvertisementdesignideasinGraphicDesign.AwardWinnersusuallygetrecognitionopportunities，appearonvariouspublicationsandgetthepress'sattendance.HowtojoinJoiningtheAdvertisementDesignCompetitioniseasy：createanaccountattheA'DesignAwardandCompetition，logontoyouraccountandsendyourwork.Whenyousubmityourwork，itwillbecheckedbythepreliminaryjudgesfornecessaryqualities.Then，yourdesignwillbeeitherApprovedorRejectedtotakepartinthecompetition.Ifyourdesignisapproved，youcancontinuerecommendingyourdesignbypayingthenecessaryprocessingfees.BenefitsforAwardWinnersAuniquepublicrelationscampaignwillbemadefortheAdvertisementDesignAwardwinners.Yourworkandyourdetailswillbecommunicatedtothousandsofpresscontacts，andalsowewillprepareamediakitforyou.Youcanusethisprofessionallypreparedmediakittocontactlocalpresscontacts.ThewinningdesignandthedesignerorthedesignstudiowillalsobefeaturedinthedesignyearbookwhichisdistributedbyDesignPRWiretokeyfiguresinthedesignindustrysuchasfamouseditors，pressmembersandmulti­nationalcompanies.AllWinningDesignswillbeincludedinthewinners'bookfreeofcharge.Thewinnerswillbelistedasco­editorsofthebook.Submityourdesignby25November，2020.Youwillbeinformedoftheoutcomeby25December，2020.语篇解读：本文介绍了2020年广告设计大赛的相关内容，包括大赛目的、如何加入和得奖者的福利。1．What'sthemainpurposeoftheAdvertisementDesignCompetition?A．Tocollectaddesignsforabook.B．Todrawspecialattentiontoaddesignconcepts.C．Tomakeaddesigninternational.D．Topromoteaddesigninpopularmedia.B[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词mainpurpose定位到原文第一段中的“ThiscompetitionprimarilyaimstohighlightthebestadvertisementdesignideasinGraphicDesign”，由此可知，本次大赛的主要目标是在平面设计中突出最好的广告设计理念，故B项正确。]2．Whatshouldyoudofirstifyouwanttojointhecompetition?A.Submityourwork.B．Paynecessaryfees.C．Registeranaccount.D．Recommendyourdesign.C[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词first和join定位到原文第二段中的“createanaccountattheA'DesignAwardandCompetition，logontoyouraccountandsendyourwork”，由此可知，加入该大赛的第一步是注册账户，故C项正确。]3．WhatcanAwardWinnersget?A．Chancestogetnoted.B．AccesstoDesignPRWire.C．Positionsaseditors.D．Contactwithothercompetitors.A[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词AwardWinners定位到原文第一段中的“AwardWinnersusuallygetrecognitionopportunities，appearonvariouspublicationsandgetthepress'sattendance”，由此可知获胜者通常会得到赏识机会，出现在各种出版物上，并有新闻工作者到场(采访)，故A项正确。]B(2021·湖北省部分重点中学高三联考)Agroupofvolunteersjoinedforcestoformahumanchaintofreefourdolphinswhichhadbeenstranded(搁浅)inacanalforfourdays.ThefourdolphinswereseeninthewaterneartheFossilParkneighborhoodinSt.Petersburg，Florida，US，onSunday.ExpertsfromtheFloridaFishandWildlifeConservationCommission(FWC)hadmonitoredthedolphins'activitiesinthepastfewdaysandhopedthattheywouldswimoutwiththetide.Butwhenthedolphinsstruggledtoleavethecanal，thebravevolunteersjoinedmembersoftheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationandtheClearwaterMarineAquariumtoformarescueteamtofreethem.Dozensofpeoplegatheredtotakevideosandpicturesofthekindact.Ateamof14volunteersheldhandstoactasablocktoguidethedolphinsoutofthenarrowchannel.TheyshoutedandpattedthewaterwiththeirhandstodirectthedolphinstovastexpansesofRivieraBay.Dolphinsfindtheirwayinthewaterthroughecholocation(回声、定位).Thatmeansthattheycanrecognizetheechoesofsoundwavesthatbounceoffobjectstofindtheirwayaround.AndyGarrett，abiologistoftheFWCsaid，“Wewereabletokeepthatchaintogether.Thedolphinswereinterested.Theyactuallycameoverrightaway.”Headdedthatwhentheteamreachedabridge，thedolphinsappearedabitnervousandstarteddoingsomespins.“Theymadeonerealhardpassatourteamandthenwentunderthebridgeandtookoff，”Garrettsaid.Theoperationlastedabout45minutesandtherescueteamdidnotusenetsoranyitemsthatcouldstressthedolphins.语篇解读：本文主要讲的是志愿者帮助解救被困在运河里的四只海豚的故事。4．WhatcanweknowaboutthedolphinsfromParagraphl?A.Theyformedachaintoprotectthemselves.B．TheylivedinthewaterneartheFossilC．Theywereobservedinsecretbyvolunteers.D．Theywereforcedtostayinacanalforfourdays.D[细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“fourdolphinswhichhadbeenstranded(搁浅)inacanalforfourdays”可知，D项正确。]5．Whydidvolunteersshoutandpatthewater?A．Tomakesoundstoattractsomepeople.B．ToguidethedolphinsouttoRivieraC．Tocelebratethesuccessofsavingdolphins.D．Totestthedifferentreactionsofthedolphins.B[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Theyshoutedandpatted...todirectthedolphinstovastexpansesofRivieraBay”可知，志愿者们喊叫、拍打水面是为了引导海豚前往里维埃拉湾，故B项正确。]6．Whatwordscouldbestdescribethevolunteers?A．Braveandcaring.B．Cautiousandhumorous.C．Smartandambitious.D．Optimisticandenergetic.A[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话中的“thebravevolunteers”，并结合文章讲述的志愿者帮助解救被困在运河里的海豚的故事可知，志愿者们是勇敢且乐于助人的，故A项正确。]7．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Dolphinsswamtothecanaltohuntforfood.B．Rescuersformedahumanchaintosavedolphins.C．Volunteershelpedfourdolphinsescapefromnets.D.Expertsstudiedthewaysofdolphins'findingdirections.B[主旨大意题。本文讲述志愿者帮助解救被困在运河里的四只海豚的故事，故B项正确。]C(2021·湖北省部分重点中学高三联考)TheGuardianhasupdateditsstyleguidetointroducetermsthatmoreaccuratelydescribetheenvironmentalcrisesfacedbytheworld.Insteadof“climatechange”thepreferredtermsare“climateemergency，crisisorbreakdown”and“globalheating”isfavouredover“globalwarming”，althoughtheoriginaltermsarenotbanned.“Wewanttoensurethatwearebeingscientificallyprecise，whilealsocommunicatingclearlywithreadersonthisveryimportantissue，”saidtheeditorinchief，KatharineViner.“Thephrase‘climatechange’，forexample，soundsratherpassiveandgentlewhenwhatscientistsaretalkingaboutisacatastropheforhumanity.”“Increasingly，climatescientistsandorganisationsfromtheUNtotheMetOfficearechangingtheirterms，andusingstrongerlanguagetodescribethesituationwe'rein，”shesaid.Othertermsthathavebeenupdatedincludetheuseof“wildlife”ratherthan“biodiversity”，“fishpopulations”insteadof“fishstocks”and“climatesciencedenier”ratherthan“climatesceptic”．EarlierinMay，GretaThunberg，theSwedishteenagerwhohasinspiredschoolstrikesforclimatearoundtheglobe，said，“Canweallnowcallitwhatitis：climatebreakdown，climatecrisis，climateemergency，ecologicalbreakdown，ecologicalcrisisandecologicalemergency？”TheupdatetoTheGuardian'sstyleguidefollowstheadditionoftheglobalcarbondioxideleveltoTheGuardian'sdailyweatherpages.“LevelsofCO2intheatmospherehaverisensodramatically—includingameasureofwhatinourdailyweatherreportissymbolicofwhathumanactivityisdoingtoourclimate，”saidVinerinApril.“Peopleneedremindingthattheclimatecrisisisnolongerafutureproblem—weneedtotackleitnow，andeverydaymatters.”语篇解读：《卫报》更新了其风格指南，引入了更准确地描述世界面临的环境危机的术语。8．WhyisTheGuardianchangingthelanguageitusesabouttheenvironment?A．Toachievemoreaccuratedescriptionofthediverseworldwelivein.B．Toremoveallthenegativeexpressionsconcerningtheenvironmentproblems.C．Toillustratetheworld'senvironmentcrisesinamorepreciseway.D．Tomakethetermsabouttheenvironmentsoundmoreacademic.C[细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容以及第三段中的“Wewanttoensurethat...thisveryimportantissue”可知，《卫报》更新了其风格指南，是为了更准确地描述世界面临的环境危机，故C项正确。]9．IntermsofTheGuardian'slanguagechanginginthefieldoftheenvironment，whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A．Sincethenewtermsabouttheenvironmentalcriseshavebeenadopted，theoriginalonesareallbanned.B．Comparedwith“climatecrisis”，“climatechange”soundsmorepessimisticanddepressing.C．“Climatecrisis”asastrongertermhelpstodescribetherealthreatfacedbytheworld.D．GlobalcarbondioxidelevelisaddedtoTheGuardian'sdailyweatherpagesaftertheupdateofthestyleguide.C[推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，“气候变化”这个词听起来相当被动和温和，再结合前两段内容可知“Climatecrisis”是一个更有力的术语，有助于描述世界面临的真正威胁，故C项正确。]10．Allthefollowingarenewlyupdatedtermsexcept________．A．wildlife B．fishpopulationsC．climatesciencedenier D．biodiversityD[细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，D项正确。]11．WhydidGretaThunberginspireschoolstrikesforclimate?A.Tosetagoodexampleforteenagerasawell­behavedstudent.B.Toshowitisurgenttoupdatetheenvironmentterms.C.ToconveySwedishschools'willingnesstolistentodifferentvoicesfromteenagers.D．ToshowhowpopulartheenvironmentcampaignsareamongSweden.B[推理判断题。根据第五段中GretaThunberg说的话可推知，她鼓动学校罢课是为了表明更新环境术语是迫切的，故B项正确。]D(2021·潍坊市高三阶段监测)Haveyoueverwonderedwhyhairturnsgrayasyougetolderandwhetherthereissomethingyoucandotopreventgrayingoratleastslowitdown？Here'salookatwhatcauseshairtoturngrayandsomeofthefactorsthataffectgraying.Theageatwhichyou'llgetyourfirstgrayhair(supposingyourhairdoesn'tsimplyfallout)islargelydecidedbygenes.You'llprobablygetthatfirststrand(缕)ofgrayhairaroundthesameagewhenyourparentsandgrandparentsstartedtogogray.However，therateatwhichthegrayingprogressesissomewhatunderyourowncontrol.Smokingisknowntoincreasetherateofgraying.Generallypoornutrition，insufficientBvitamins，anemia，anduntreatedthyroidconditionscanalsospeedtherateofgraying.Whatcausesyourhair'scolortochange?Thathassomethingtodowiththeprocesscontrollingtheproductionofthepaintcalledmelanin(黑色素)，thesamematerialthattansyourskininresponsetosunlight.Everyhaircellcontainsmelanincellscalledmelanocytes.Themelanocytesproduceeumelanin，whichisblackordarkbrown，andpheomelanin，whichisreddish­yellow，andpassthemelanintothecellswhichproducekeratin(角蛋白)，thechiefproteininhair.Whenthekeratin­producingcellsdie，theykeepthecoloringfromthemelanin.Whenyoufirststarttogogray，themelanocytesarestillpresent，buttheybecomelessactive.Lesspaintiskeptintothehairsoitappearslighter.Asgrayingprogresses，themelanocytesdieoffuntiltherearen'tanycellslefttoproducethecolor.Whilethisisanormalandunavoidablepartoftheagingprocessanditisnotassociatedwithdiseaseitself，someautoimmunediseasescancauseprematuregraying.However，somepeoplestartgoinggrayintheir20sandareperfectlyhealthy.Extremeshockorstresscanalsocauseyourhairtogograyveryquickly，thoughnotovernight.语篇解读：随着年龄的增长，人们的头发会变白。本文介绍了头发变白的原因，并说明了影响头发变白的因素，如自体免疫性疾病、心理压力等。12．Whatwilldetermineyourfirststrandofgrayhair?A．Genes. B．Ages.C．Nutrition. D．Disease.A[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Theageatwhichyou'llgetyourfirstgrayhair(supposingyourhairdoesn'tsimplyfallout)islargelydecidedbygenes”可知，第一缕白发的出现时间很大程度上是由遗传基因决定的，故A项正确。]13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tans”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Avoids. B．Protects.C．Sunburns. D．Covers.C[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“inresponsetosunlight”并结合“在阳光下人的皮肤会变黑”的常识可知，画线词意为“晒黑”，故C项正确。]14．WhatdoweknowaboutmelanininParagraph3?A．Ithelpsthehairkeepshining.B．Itcanpreventthehairturninggray.C．Itismainlymadeofhairprotein.D．Itmakesthehairlooklighter.B[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thathassomethingtodowiththeprocesscontrollingtheproductionofthepaintcalledmelanin(黑色素)”“Lesspaintiskeptintothehairsoitappearslighter”可知，黑色素有阻止头发变白的作用，故B项正确。]15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theprocessofhairchanges.B．Thecausesofhairturninggray.C．Thefactorsofhaircomponents.D．Relationshipbetweengrayhairandhealth.B[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文首段第二句“Here'salookatwhatcauseshairtoturngrayandsomeofthefactorsthataffectgraying”是全文的主题句，其后的段落均围绕头发变白的原因展开，故B项正确。]第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·潍坊市高三阶段监测)Formanyofus，nothingisbetterthanburyingourheadinagoodbook.Whetherit'sacrimestoryorabiographyofsomeone'samazinglife，it'sgoodtoreadabooktoswitchofffromthedistractionsofeverydaylife.__1__Itcanbeeducationalandbroadenthemind.Agoodnovelcanmakeushappy，ormakeuscryaswesympathizewithcharacters.Alistofbooksabout“bibliotherapy”canbeofferedtopatients.__2__It'sbecomesosuccessfulthatit'sabouttobeextendedtochildrenaswell.ProfessorPhilipDavis，authorofabookcalledReadingforLife，studiedpeopleinreadinggroupsandfoundthatit'sreadingliterature—writtenworksthoughttohaveartisticvalue—thathasthebesteffect.HetoldtheBBCthatwhenreadingsomethingforpleasure，“...thebrainbeginstoworkfromdifferentparts，anditgetsexcitedandemotional.__3__”Ofcourse，it'seasyinoursmartphonegenerationtoabandonagoodbookandplaywithourphonesinstead.Butopeningupapaperbackcouldbeasimplewaytohelpmaintainourmentalhealth.__4__Andtheymayallowyoutoseethatawkwardsituationyou'vebeenanxiousaboutforweeksfromsomeoneelse'spointofview.__5__Ifthebooklistdoesn'tappeal，youcouldreadbookreviews，visitalibraryorbookshoporaskafriend.Onceyou'vefoundtherighttext，you'llbefascinated!A．Youcanseethebraincomingtolife.B．Andyoucouldalwaysuseane­reader.C．Youcanlendittofriendsandforgetwhatyoudid.D．Itmayseemobviousthatreadingisgoodforus.E．It'sthoughtthattheycanhelpyousettargetsandfindfocus.F．Readingbooksisactuallybeingidentifiedasatreatmenttosickness.G．Ifyou'renotaconcernedreader，itcanbehardtoknowwheretobegin.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了阅读对我们的好处。阅读富有教育意义，还可以拓宽我们的思维，此外，阅读还可以作为治疗疾病的一种疗法。1．D[考查段落主旨句。根据本段提到的“阅读是富有教育意义的，它可以帮助拓宽思维以及可以给病人提供某些书”可知，本段主要讲述的是阅读的好处，故D项适合作本段的主旨句。]2．F[考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句表述的“一份可充当阅读疗法的书籍清单可供病人使用”可知，空处讲到的应该是阅读对治疗疾病的帮助，所以F项符合语境。]3．A[考查总结句。本空出现在双引号中，因此结合双引号里的内容“大脑开始从不同的部分工作，并且变得兴奋和激动”可知，A项“你可以看到大脑变得活跃起来了”符合语境。]4．E[考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了“阅读可以帮助我们保持心理健康”，而空后一句则讲到了“它们也许可以帮助你从别人的视角看待你所焦虑的尴尬处境”，据此可知，空处讲到的应该是阅读对我们心理的好处，故E项符合语境。]5．G[考查上下文衔接。空后一句讲的是“如果这个书单没有吸引力，你可以阅读书评，参观图书馆或书店、或询问朋友”，与G项中的“itcanbehardtoknowwheretobegin”呼应，故选G项。]第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·长沙市四校高三模拟)ForBrittanySchiavone，December4wasafantasticday.Shewas__1__the2019WomenofWorthNationalHonoreethatnight，becomingthefirstwomanwithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征)evertoreceivethis__2__．Brittanyislikeanyother__3__woman.Sheworksandlovesto__4__picturesofherselfoutwithfriendsonline.Butshealsoknowsthat__5__isanessentialpartofherpurpose.In2014，afterinsistentlytellingherparentsshewas__6__abouthelpingfamiliesthatbeganjustlikehers，Brittany'sfamilygatheredsupportersforthis__7__．In2016，Brittany'sBasketsofHope，anonprofit，was__8__．Itsmissionisto__9__resources，guidance，andhopetosuchfamilies.Tillnow，it'ssentover850basketsofhopetofamilies.Brittany__10__valuableinformationforparentsdealingwithaDownsyndromediagnosis(诊断)forthefirsttime，butitisalsoabout__11__．Whenalotofparents__12__thenewsthattheirbabywillbebornwithDownsyndrome，theyhear，“I'msorry.”Brittanydoesn'tsaysorry.__13__，shesays“Congratulations”andusesherownstorytogivethesenewparentsthe__14__thattheirchildcanleadalifeofjoyandpurpose—justlikehers!Brittany'swinwasa__15__．Shesaysthemomentshewas__16__asthewinner，shecouldn'tbelieveherears.__17__Brittanywasthetruestaroftheevening，herwinisnot__18__awinforher.It'sforeveryonewithDownsyndrome.Therearenolimits，onlya(n)__19__journeythatwillnotlooklikeanyoneelse'sforeverychild.Brittany，thankyouforshowingtheworldwhat's__20__．语篇解读：文章讲述了BrittanySchiavone因其励志的慈善经历获得了2019年度“WomenofWorthNationalHonoree”称号的故事。1．A.promoted B．calledC．introduced D．namedD[根据空后的“the2019WomenofWorthNationalHonoree”和下文的“thewinner”可知，BrittanySchiavone被授予2019年度WomenofWorthNationalHonoree称号。name在此处意为“选中，提名”，符合语境。]2．A.credit B．honourC．approval D．worthB[根据上文信息可知，Brittany成为获得这一荣誉称号的第一个患有唐氏综合征的女性。honour“荣誉称号，头衔”。]3．A.special B．elegantC．ordinary D．positiveC[根据下文的“Sheworksandlovesto________picturesofherselfoutwithfriendsonline”可知，Brittany和其他普通的(ordinary)女性一样，上班、喜欢在网上晒和朋友的照片。]4．A.select B．postC．send D．editB[参见上题解析。post“张贴，公布”符合语境。]5．A.givingback B．lookingbackC．makingout D．standingoutA[根据下文的“helpingfamiliesthatbeganjustlikehers”可知，Brittany虽患有唐氏综合征，但她仍致力于帮助他人，可见她心怀感恩，认为回报社会很重要。giveback“归还”，此处结合语境可引申为“回报”。lookback“回顾”；makeout“应付，度过”；standout“出色”。]6．A.optimistic B．curiousC．serious D．excitedC[根据上下文信息可知，Brittany是认真地想要帮助像她这样的家庭。serious“当真的，认真的”符合语境。]7．A.cause B．promiseC．position D．challengeA[根据上文信息可知，Brittany一家召集支持者去支持这项目标。cause此处意为“(支持或为之奋斗的)事业，目标，思想”，属于“熟词生义”。]8．A.expanded B．foundedC．invented D．developedB[根据上下文可知，2016年非营利组织Brittany'sBasketsofHope成立了。]9．A.raise B．distributeC．acquire D．spreadD[根据空后的“resources，guidance，andhope”可知，Brittany'sBasketsofHope给予唐氏综合征家庭物质上和精神上的支持，故选D。下文中的“it'ssentover850...tofamilies”也是提示。]10．A.receives B．storesC．provides D．obtainsC[根据上文的“Itsmissionisto________resources，guidance，andhopetosuchfamilies”可知，Brittany会为首次诊断唐氏综合征(的孩子)的父母提供宝贵的信息。]11．A.treatment B．sympathyC．enthusiasm D．celebrationD[根据下文的“shesays‘Congratulations’”可知，在Brittany看来，孩子被诊断患有唐氏综合征这件事情也是一件值得庆祝的事情。]12．A.share B．hearC．break D．welcomeA[根据下文的“theyhear，‘I'msorry.’”可知，当很多父母和他人分享(share)自己孩子天生患有唐氏综合征这一消息时，他们往往听到的是“我很难过”。]13．A.Otherwise B．InsteadC．Besides D．ThereforeB[根据上文的“Brittanydoesn'tsaysorry”和下文的“shesays‘Congratulations’”可知，此处表示的是截然相反的两种反应，故用Instead。]14．A.belief B．knowledgeC．advice D．informationA[根据下文的“theirchildcanleadalifeofjoyandpurpose—justlikehers”可知，Brinany用自己的故事给那些患有唐氏综合征的新生儿的父母一个信念(belief)，即他们的孩子也能跟她一样，过上快乐、有意义的生活。]15．A.success B．saluteC．surprise D．signalC[根据下文的“themomentshewas________asthewinner，shecouldn'tbelieveherears”可知，Brittany获奖的这件事是一件意想不到的事情(surprise)。]16．A.recognized B．admiredC．praised D．announcedD[根据语境可知，此处表示“她说在她被宣布(announced)是奖项获得者时，她几乎不敢相信自己的耳朵”。]17．A.When B．WhileC．As D．SinceB[根据下文提到的“那对每一位患有唐氏综合征的人来说都是胜利”可知，虽然Brittany是当晚的真正明星，但她的胜利不仅仅对她自己来说是个胜利。前后表示语义上的让步关系，故用While引导让步状语从句。]18．A.just B．evenC．again D．stillA[参见上题解析。]19．A.tough B．interestingC．unique D．meaningfulC[根据下文的“thatwillnotlooklikeanyoneelse's”可知，对每个孩子来说，那没有限制，只是一场不同于其他任何人的独特的(unique)旅程。]20．A.real B．aliveC．necessary D．possibleD[本文最后一句是对全文内容的总结，Brittany的励志故事向人们展示了人的无限可能性，故选D。]第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2021·银川市普通高中学科教学质量检测)Go(围棋)isaboardgamefortwoplayers，inwhichtheaimistosurroundmoreterritoriesthanthecompetitor.Thegame1.________(invent)inChinamorethan4，000yearsagoandisbelievedtobethe2._________(old)boardgamecontinuouslyplayedtothepresentday.Asurveyfoundthatthereareover60millioncurrentplayersintheworld，themajorityof3._________liveinEastAsia.Theplayingpiecesarecalled“stones”．Oneplayerusesthewhitestonesand4._________otherblack.Theplayerstake5.__________(turn)toplacethestonesonthevacantintersections(交点)ofaboard.Once6._________(place)ontheboard，stonesmaynotbemoved，butstonesareremoved7.________theboardif“captured(捕获)”．Capturehappenswhenastoneissurroundedbyopposingonesonallpoints.Thegamegoesonuntilneitherplayerwishestomakeanothermove.Whenagame8.________(come)toanend，thewinnerisdeterminedby9.________(count)eachplayer'ssurroundedterritoriesalongwithcapturedstonesandkomi(贴目).Ateachermight10.________(simple)theexplanationbysayingtoastudent“youmayplaceyourstoneonanypointontheboard，butifIsurroundthatstone，Iwillremoveit”．语篇解读：本文是说明文。该文主要讲述了下围棋的基本规则。1．解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本空作谓语，根据时间状语morethan4，000yearsago可知，时态应为一般过去时，又主语Thegame和invent是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数形式，所以填wasinvented。答案：wasinvented2．解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的the和语境可知，此处应用形容词的最高级修饰后面的名词boardgame，所以填oldest。答案：oldest3．解析：考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，其中介词of放在关系词之前，而先行词为表示人的名词players，所以填whom。答案：whom4．解析：考查冠词。根据常识可知，围棋比赛需要两个人对弈，theother表示两者中的另一个，所以填the。答案：the5．解析：考查名词的单复数。taketurnstodosth为固定用法，意为“轮流做某事”，所以填turns。答案：turns6．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是bemoved，此处应为非谓语动词，place与其逻辑主语stones构成动宾关系，所以填其过去分词形式placed。答案：placed7．解析：考查介词。此处为removesthfromsth的被动语态，所以填from。答案：from8．解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境和主句所用的一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时，且主语为单数形式，所以填comes。答案：comes9．解析：考查非谓语动词。在介词by后，应用名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故本空应用动词的动名词形式counting。答案：counting10．解析：考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，本空为该句的谓语，且空前有情态动词，又空处与主语为主动关系，所以空处填动词原形simplify“简化”。答案：simplify第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改