高考英语一轮复习提能练十Unit10Money含解析北师大版

PAGEPAGE17Unit10Money第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·山东部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试)Beingstuckathomedoesn'tmeanthatlearningstops.Infact，it'sjusttheopposite.Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids'imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.Let'sGetdowntoScienceThesciencelabatschoolmaybeclosed，butkidscanstillputongogglesandawhitelabcoatandlearnathome.ThisTestTubeExperimentKitwillmakethemfeellikeageniusinnotime.Kidswillgetthechancetolearnaboutbasicchemistry，physics，andmorebycreatingpop­resistantbubbles，bouncyballs，andotherobjects.ToInfinity(无穷)andBeyondEarthisapartoftheMilkyWay，butdokidsknowhowmanygalaxiesthereareintheuniverse？Therearesomanyfunandfascinatingthingstolearnaboutspacethatthepossibilitiestrulygotoinfinityandbeyond.Agreatwaytostartyourchild'seducationalspaceadventureiswiththisDiscoveryRealLifeStickerandActivityBook：Space.TakeaWalkontheWildSideBiologyclassisinsession！Here'skids'chancetogetupcloseandpersonalwithagreatwhitesharkwithoutputtingonawetsuit.This4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKitallowsthemtogetaninsidelookatwhatmakesthesepredatorsofthedeepsopowerful.Andthentakeanevendeeperdiveintoashark'sworldwithI'maShark.Letyourkidtakeadvantageofthistimeathomeandfindnewwaystokeepexploringtheworldaroundhim.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。困在家里并不意味着停止学习，本文详细介绍了培养困在家里的孩子的想象力和好奇心的活动及学习资源。1．Whatiscommonamongtheseactivitiesabove?A．Theyareallperformedoutdoors.B．Theyareallassociatedwithphysics.C.Theyallrecommendsomeresourcesforkidstostudy.D．Theyareallcarriedoutbythewayofexperimenting.C[考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“TestTubeExperimentKit”、第三段中的“DiscoveryRealLifeStickerandActivityBook：Space”及第四段中的“4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKit”和“I'maShark”可知，活动的共同点是都推荐了可供孩子们学习的资源，故C项正确。]2．Whichresourcefavorschildreninterestedinstars?A．TheTestTubeExperimentKit.B．DiscoveryRealLifeStickerandActivityBook：Space.C．The4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKit.D．I'maShark.B[考查细节理解。根据题干关键词“stars”定位至第三段，根据该段最后一句可知，DiscoveryRealLifeStickerandActivityBook：Space这本书会有助于对星星感兴趣的孩子。]3．What'sthesharedgoaloftheactivities?A．Togainfinancialbenefits.B．Tosavekidsfromboredom.C．Toexplorenewtechnologies.D．Toinspirekidstostudyathome.D[考查细节理解。通读全文可知，这些活动都有助于培养孩子的想象力和好奇心。再结合本文首段及尾段内容可知，这些活动的共同目的是鼓励孩子们在家学习，故D项正确。]B(2021·合肥市高三调研)NoelleStevensonhasalwaysbeenafanofsciencefictionandfantasies.Asakid，shelovedthespacebattles，themagic，thequeststhatseemedlargerthanlife.Buttherewasaproblemwithherfavoritechildhoodstories，likeStarWarsandTheLordoftheRingsseries.“Ineverquitesawmyselfreflectedinthem，”Stevensonsays，“certainlynotattheheartofthestory.”ShewantedafemaleversionofLukeSkywalkerandLordSauron.Stevensonbeganhercareerasacomic(连环漫画)writer.In2015，hergraphicnovelNimonawasaNationalBookAwardsfinalistandherseriesLumberjaneswontwoEisnerAwards.WhenNetflixandDreamWorkswantedtoreboot(重新启动)She­Ra：PrincessofPower—anepicshowdownbetweenmagicalprincessesandanevilalieninvader—Stevensonwasallin.Shekeptmuchoftheoriginalshow'sactionandadventure—thereboottakesplaceontheplanetEtheria,andoneoftheprincesseswhoaretryingtostoptheevilHordearmyfromtakingoverisnamedAdora.Shegrewupbehindenemylines，takenfromherhomebytheHordeandraisedasasoldier.Buteventually，AdorarealizestheatrocitiestheHordehascommittedagainsttheEtheriansandleavestojointherebellion(叛乱)，andshequicklyfindsamagicalswordthattransformsherintoagiantwarriorprincessnamedShe­Ra.Stevensondidmakeonesmallbutimportantchangetotheshow：Itsname.TheNetflixandDreamWorksversionisShe­RaandthePRINCESSESofPower.Alltheprincessesareimportant.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。NoelleStevenson是科幻小说和幻想故事的粉丝，但她发现自己最喜欢的童年故事里没有女性主人翁。她以漫画作家的身份开始了她的职业生涯，她的漫画小说Nimona入围了美国国家图书奖，系列小说Lumberjanes两次获得艾斯纳奖(EisnerAwards)。她还与Netflix和DreamWorks合作重新启动She­Ra：PrincessofPower。4．WhatwastheproblemwithStevenson'sfavoritechildhoodstories?A．Theywerenotappealing.B．Theywerefullofviolence.C．Theylackedwomencharacters.D．Theyhadquiteconfusingplots.C[考查细节理解。根据第一段倒数第二句NoelleStevenson说的话和该段最后一句“ShewantedafemaleversionofLukeSkywalkerandLordSauron”可知，NoelleStevenson童年喜爱的故事中存在的问题是缺少女性角色，故C项正确。]5．WhatdoweknowabouttherebootedShe­Ra：PrincessofPower?A．Itwasadaptedconsiderably.B．ItwasawardedtwoEisnerAwards.C．Itwasfinallyfilmedin2015.D．Itwasproducedbytwocompanies.D[考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“NetflixandDreamWorkswantedtoreboot(重新启动)She­Ra：PrincessofPower”和尾段第二句“TheNetflixandDreamWorksversionisShe­RaandthePRINCESSESofPower”可知，Netflix和DreamWorks两家公司制作了这部影片，故D项正确。]6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“atrocities”inParagraph3referto?A．Violentactions. B．Cruelinstructions.C．Sorrowfulsuicides. D．Valuableresources.A[考查词义猜测。根据画线词后的“theHordehascommittedagainsttheEtheriansandleavestojointherebellion(叛乱)”可以推断，最终Adora意识到Horde对Etheria星球上的人犯下的暴行，离开Horde加入了叛乱。故画线词意为“暴行”，故A项正确。]7．WhatcanweinferaboutNoelleStevensonfromthetext?A．Shelovescomedy. B．She'satalentedwriter.C．She'saprincess. D．SheworksforNetflix.B[考查推理判断。根据第二段第二句可知，2015年，她的漫画小说Nimona入围美国国家图书奖，她的系列小说Lumberjanes两次获得艾斯纳奖。结合下文中的“NetflixandDreamWorkswantedtoreboot(重新启动)She­Ra：PrincessofPower”可以判断，NoelleStevenson是一位才华横溢的作家，故B项正确。]C(2021·6月潍坊市模拟)TeenagersmaynotknowthenameKevinMayer，buthe'sabouttoplayanoutsizeroleintheirlives.ThelongtimeleaderofTheWaltDisneyCompanyjustbecameCEOofTikTok(抖音).Indoingso，Mayerwilltakechargeofanappwhoseinfluenceoveralotofpeoplehasmadeitoneofthemostinfluential，althoughcontroversial(有争议的)，platformsoftheera.MayerhasbeenwithDisneysincetheearly1990s—minusaperiodasCEOofP—andhe'shelpedtoacquiresomeimportantbrandsinthefilmindustry.Morerecentlyhe'sbecomeknownforhiskeyroleinthelaunchoftheall­importantDisneyPlusstreamingservice.MayerwasthoughttobeamongthemostobviouspotentialsuccessorstooutgoingCEOBobIger，buthewaspassedoverforBobChapek，whoranDisney'sthemeparkunit.Mayer'sdeparturefromDisneymaynotbeasurprise，buthismovetoTikTokisunexpected.Theapp，ownedbyChina­basedByteDance，isatacrucialmomentinitsshorthistory—seeingenormousgrowthbutfacingincreasingcriticismoveritsdata­collectionpractices.Asitrisesininfluence，thecompanywillsurelyfaceagrowingdrumbeatofintensemediaandstrictmonitoring.Incontrast，Disneyhasneverbeenmoredelicate，withtheCOVID­19pandemichavingbrokennearlyallofitscorebusinessunits，fromtheclosedownofthemeparksandmovietheaterstoongoinginterruptionstoitsproductionschedules.Mayer，whateverelseismotivatingthemove，ishopping(跳)toanotherpositionatapropertime.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。KevinMayer辞去迪士尼高管的职务，出任抖音的首席执行官。8．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thejob­hoppingofaCEO.B．TherisinginfluenceofTikTok.C．ThedeclineofTheWaltDisneyCompany.D．Theintensecompetitionbetweencompanies.A[考查主旨大意。结合全文内容，尤其是第二段的“ThelongtimeleaderofTheWaltDisneyCompanyjustbecameCEOofTikTok(抖音)”和全文最后一句可知，文章主要介绍了KevinMayer辞去迪士尼公司的高管职务，跳槽到中国抖音，故选A。]9．What'sthelikelyreasonforMayer'sdeparturefromDisney?A．Hehasbeenofferedahighersalary.B．Hewasn'tqualifiedforhispreviousjob.C．Hepreferredanewcareerconcerningteenagers.D．HefailedtosucceedBobIgerasCEOofDisney.D[考查推理判断。根据第三段内容可知，Mayer曾被认为是最有可能接替即将离任的首席执行官BobIger的人之一，但因为负责迪士尼主题公园的BobChapek，Mayer失去了晋升的机会，故选D项“Mayer没能接替BobIger成为迪士尼公司的首席执行官”。]10．WhatdoweknowaboutTikTokaccordingtothetext?A．Potentialbutdelicate.B．Profitablebutimmoral.C．Popularbutcontroversial.D．Professionalbutaddictive.C[考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Theapp，ownedbyChina­basedByteDance，isatacrucialmomentinitsshorthistory—seeingenormousgrowthbutfacingincreasingcriticismoveritsdata­collectionpractices”可知，抖音目前正处于一个关键时期——有极大的增长，但同时因为平台数据采集的做法也受到了越来越多的批评，故选C项，意思是“受欢迎但有争议的”。]11．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．ToadvertiseforDisney.B．Toreportapieceofnews.C．Torecommendanewapp.D．Tocomparetwocompanies.B[考查写作目的。本文是一则关于迪士尼高管跳槽中国抖音的新闻报道，并非是在为迪士尼公司打广告或推荐新的应用程序，也不是在对比两家公司，故选B。]D(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试)WhenourScottishpuppy(幼犬)reacheddoggieadolescence，shesuddenlystoppedobeyingmycommands.Ourdogtraineradvisedustostopworrying.“She'sateenager，”shesaid.“She'llgrowoutofit.”Now，anewstudyisbackingthatup：Dogsexperienceanextremelysensitiveperiodatthebeginningofadolescencethatmakesthemactout，justlikehumanteenagers.Toseeexactlyhowadolescencechangesdogbehaviors，theresearchersmonitored70femaleGermanshepherdsraisedaspotentialguidedogs.Theyaskedcaregiverstoscorethepuppiesontheirattachmentandattentionseekingbehaviors，suchassittingveryclosetotheirownerordisplayingaparticularlystrongbondforoneperson.Dogswithhighscoresoneitherscaleenteredadolescenceearlier—atabout5months，comparedwith8monthsforthosewithlowerscores.Variousreasonscausehumanteenagegirlswithpoorparentalrelationshipstoalsoenteradolescenceatayoungerage.Thus，similartohumans，dogsthathavetenserelationshipswiththeircaregiversseechangesintheirreproductivedevelopment.Totestobedience(顺从)，thescientistsassessedaseparategroupof69guidedogs，firstat5monthsandlaterat8months.Theyaskedthedog'scaregiverandastrangertogivethecommandto“sit”．Allofthepreadolescentpuppiesquicklysatforbothpeople，butwhenthesamepuppiesreachedadolescence，many“repeatedly”refusedtofollowtheorderfromtheircaregiver.However，theyreadilyandannoyinglyobeyedthestranger.Dogsthatweren'tsecurelyattachedtotheircaregiverswereevenmorewillingtofollowthestranger'scommands—again，muchlikehumanteenagers.Becauseofthesimilaritiesbetweenadolescentpuppiesandhumans，dogscouldserveasamodelspeciesforstudyingadolescenceinhumans，thescientistssay.Andonamorepracticalnote，thetemporarynatureofdogdisobediencemightmakeusworrylesswhenourpuppiessuddenlygetmindsoftheirown.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，狗在青春期初期经历了一个极其敏感的时期，这使它们像人类青少年一样表现出来。因而，科学家们认为由于幼犬和人类的相似性，狗可以作为研究人类青春期的模型物种。12．WhatmakestheScottishpuppydisobeyitsowner?A．Itsbeingtreatedbadly.B．Itsnaughtynature.C．Itsrelationwiththeowner.D．Itsbeingadolescent.D[考查细节理解。根据第一段内容，尤其是最后一句可知，狗在青春期初期经历了一个极其敏感的时期，在这个时期，它们像人类青少年一样表现出来叛逆性。故选D。]13．Whatdothescoresinthestudysuggest?A．Higherscoresprobablymeanearlieradolescence.B．Thelowerthescore，thetensertherelationship.C．Apuppywithalowerscorecouldbeaguidedog.D．Agirlscoringhighergetsonwellwithherparents.A[考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句可知，在这两个量表上得分高的狗进入青春期的时间较早。故选A。]14．Whatistheresultoftheobediencetest?A．Humanteenshaveastrongbondwithpuppies.B.Puppiesenteradolescenceattheageof5monthsold.C．The69guidedogscanunderstandcaregiverswell.D．Adolescentdogswithoutenoughcareprefertofollowthestranger.D[考查推理判断。根据第四段最后两句可推断出没有得到主人很好照顾的青春期的狗更愿意听从陌生人的指令。故选D。]15．What'sthepotentialsignificanceofthestudy?A．Tounderstandyourdog'sbehavior.B．Tobetterstudyhumanadolescence.C．Toshowtheprocessofresearch.D．Tohelppetownerssolveapuzzle.B[考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员的一项新发现，即狗在青春期初期经历了一个极其敏感的时期，这使它们像人类青少年一样表现出来。因而，科学家们认为由于幼犬和人类的相似性，狗可以作为研究人类青春期的模型物种。因此，这项研究的潜在意义是为了更好地研究人类的青春期。故选B。]第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·沈阳市教学质量监测三)Whenyoutrytoohardbutyoudon'tsucceed；whendespiteallyoureffortsyoudon'tgettheresultsyouneed，giveupandmoveon.__1__．Confused？Whatiswrongwithgivingup?Ohyes，weallhavebeentrainedandconditionedtoworkhardtoachieveourdreams，andthatisagoodthing.Theproblemariseswhenalltheseinspirationalquotesstartconfusingus.Thesemessagestellpeoplenottogiveup，__2__．Theytelloneto“tryandtryagain”untiltheysucceed，butthatamountofeffortshouldonlybeputtowardwhatyoureallywantinlifeandoneshouldneverquitatwhattheythinktobetheirlife'spurpose.__3__．Ifyoudobadlyinplayingthepianoandyouknowit'sbecauseyoudon'tevenliketheinstrument，giveitup.Ifnomatterhowhardyoustudyyoucanhardlyscoreanaboveaveragegrade，don'tworry，yourtalentliessomewhereelse.NoteverybodyisanAstudent.__4__．Findoutwhatyouaregoodat，whatmakesyouhappyandthenworkonit.Ifyoudo，noonewouldhavetotellyouorinspireyounottogiveupbecausewhenyoulovesomething，youkeeptryinguntilyougetitrightandtheenthusiasmflowsfromyourheart.Don'tworryaboutwhatpeoplewillsayorthink.Afterall，it'syourlife.__5__．A．LetgoofyourlifegoalandliveinthemomentB．YouhavetoliveitandyouhavetobeyourownbossC．Trytorecognizeyourtalent，yourabilityandyourskillsD．anditprovesthatonlyeffortscanmakeabigdifferenceE．MaketimelyadjustmentandruninotherdirectionsF.Therestisalljusttheretoconfuseanddepressyou，sodon'tletitG．buttheydon'ttellyouthatitshouldonlyapplytoyourtruedreams语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些观点告诉我们不要轻言放弃，但是果断地放弃我们不擅长、不喜欢的事情，把精力投入到我们真正热爱、真正想做的事情上不失为一种明智的选择，毕竟生活是自己的。1．E[根据空前的“giveupandmoveon”和空后的“Confused？Whatiswrongwithgivingup？”可知，空处承接上文讲到的“放弃，开始做别的事”，故E项符合语境。]2．G[根据空前的逗号可知，空处定位在D项或G项，根据空后一句中表述的这种努力只应该被用于自己生活中真正想要的东西上可知，G项符合语境。]3．F[根据空后所举的两个例子(因为不喜欢所以弹不好钢琴就放弃吧；如果无论怎样努力学习也难取得平均以上的分数，不要担心，你的才能在其他方面)可知，F项符合语境。且F项中的Therest和上文中的“whatyoureallywantinlife”形成对比。]4．C[本空是一个中心句。根据本段中的“Findoutwhatyouaregoodat，whatmakesyouhappyandthenworkonit”可知，本段主要讲的是弄清楚自己擅长、喜欢做的事情，故C项适合作本段的中心句。]5．B[本空是一个段尾句。根据空前的“Don'tworryaboutwhatpeoplewillsayorthink.Afterall，it'syourlife”可知，你不要为别人的看法而担心，毕竟这是你自己的生活，所以B项承接上文，符合语境。]第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性测试)Backin2016，adeterminedIrishmanbegancollectingsparechangetohelpsickchildren—andheisnowontrackfor__1__anMRImachineforalocalhospital.LiamDugganfirststartedpursuinghisdreamof__2__achildren'shospitalbystandingoutsideofalocalcafewithacardboard__3__，sohecouldgathersparechangefrom__4__passers­by.NowDugganhas__5__over$165，000—andwhileheisnotnecessarilyraisingmoneytobuildanentirelynewchildren'shospital，heis__6__tobuyanMRImachinefirst.PerhapsaboutDuggan's__7__，whatpeopleconcernmostisjusthowmanysmall__8__hehasbeenwillingtotaketogetthere.Sincehebegantheworkallbyhimself，Dugganhas__9__andpersistentlystoodintherainand__10__．Asaresultofthat，hecouldcollectsome__11__includingoldcoinsandevenforeigncoins.__12__，hehassetupcountercollectionboxesinsupermarkets__13__thecity.“Wehavespentthelastseveralyears__14__insupermarkets，shoppingcentersandonthestreetsofSouthDublin，”saidDuggan.“Wehaveapproximately200collectionboxesnow.”Fromroughandhumblebeginnings，Duggan'sdreamhasgrownandacquiredthe__15__ofotherpeoplewhohavehelpedmakehisdreampossible.That'swhyhehasraisedsomemoneyforthe__16__．Whenaskedifhehadanyadviceto__17__peopleabouthiswork，Dugganspokeoffindinga(n)__18__tokeepgoingon.“IreadabookaboutChuckFeeney，thefounderoftheDFSGroup，”__19__Duggan.“Hedevotedhimselftocharityworkallthetime.He__20__theyouthtokeepgoingoninsteadofgivingup.AndIhavetakenhisadvice.Idonotintendtogiveup.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了爱尔兰人LiamDuggan为了给一家当地医院购买核磁共振成像仪而不停奔波筹款的故事。1．A.selling B．operatingC．buying D．designingC[根据上文中的“collectingsparechange”和下文中的“tobuyanMRImachinefirst”可知，这个意志坚定的爱尔兰人正在为一家当地医院筹备购买一台核磁共振成像仪。]2．A.changing B．buildingC．decorating D．enlargingB[根据下文中的“raisingmoneytobuildanentirelynewchildren'shospital”可知，LiamDuggan最初的梦想是筹款来建一所儿童医院，故选B项。D项意为“扩大，扩充”。]3．A.sign B．symbolC．mark D．signalA[根据空前的“withacardboard”可知，LiamDuggan手里拿着一个硬纸板牌子，这样他就能从路人那里收集零钱。]4．A.ambitious B．wealthyC．curious D．generousD[根据语境和常识可知，愿意捐款的人一般都是慷慨的。]5．A.donated B．savedC．spent D．raisedD[根据上文中的“collectingsparechangetohelpsickchildren”可知，现在，LiamDuggan筹集到了165000多美元。]6．A.determined B．tiredC．satisfied D．opposedA[根据语境可知，此处表示LiamDuggan决定先买一台核磁共振成像仪。]7．A.interest B．goalC．life D．beliefB[根据语境可知，对于Duggan的目标，人们最担心的可能是为了实现他的目标，LiamDuggan愿意走多少小步。]8．A.courses B．risksC．steps D．notesC[参见上题解析。]9．A.excitedly B．nervouslyC．cautiously D．patientlyD[根据语境和常识可知，为了实现自己的最终目标，LiamDuggan得耐心地、坚持不懈地站在雨中和太阳下筹款。]10．A.storm B．snowC．sun D．floodC[参见上题解析。]11．A.food B．changeC．hugs D．greetingsB[根据空后的“includingoldcoinsandevenforeigncoins”可知，此处指的是零钱。]12．A.Accidentally B．AdditionallyC．Obviously D．SuddenlyB[结合语境可知，LiamDuggan除了在街头筹款以外，他还在全市的各个超市里放置了柜台捐款箱。]13．A.beside B．outofC．across D．farfromC[参见上题解析。across意为“在……各处，遍及”，符合语境。]14．A.collecting B．shoppingC．volunteering D．performingA[结合语境可知，在过去的几年里，他们一直在南都柏林的超市、购物中心和街头筹款。]15．A.admiration B．sympathyC．understanding D．supportD[根据下文中的“helpedmakehisdreampossible”可知，LiamDuggan的梦想得到了其他人的支持。]16．A.machine B．cafeC．hospital D．supermarketA[根据上文中的“tobuyanMRImachine”可知，在其他人的支持下，LiamDuggan为购买一台核磁共振成像仪筹到了一些钱。]17．A.sharewith B．learnfromC．exchangewith D．benefitfromA[根据语境可知，LiamDuggan被问到关于他做的事，他是否有建议分享给人们。]18．A.preparation B．conditionC．inspiration D．expectationC[根据下文LiamDuggan说自己从ChuckFeeney身上得到了激励可知，此处Duggan建议人们去寻找一个能激励自己的人。C项意为“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”，故选C项。]19．A.cried B．saidC．asked D．wroteB[根据空前和空后的引号和内容可知，这些都是LiamDuggan所说的话，故选B项。]20．A.commanded B．allowedC．forced D．advisedD[根据下文中的“Ihavetakenhisadvice”可知，此处表示ChuckFeeney建议年轻人不要放弃，坚持做下去。]第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·云南省七校高考适应性考试三)DuilianistraditionalChinesecouplets(对联)，alsoknownasyinglianorduizi.Accordingtotheusage，itcanbe1.________(general)classifiedintoSpringFestivalcouplets，weddingcouplets，tradecouplets，socialcoupletsandentertainingor2.________(humor)couplets.Thetraditionalcoupletsvarygreatlyin3.________(long).Theshortestonecontainsoneortwocharacters，andthelongestonecontainsseveralhundredcharacters，usually4.________(find)onancientChinesebuildings.Acoupletmusthavethefollowingfeatures：5.________numberofcharactersofonelineisequaltothatoftheotherlineandbothlineshavethesamesensegroups.Acoupletwritermayshowhisfeelings6.________meansofdescribingthesceneryorexpresshiswishesinhisworks.7.________hewantstoconvey，thewriterisexpectedtobegoodatsummarizationandChinese8.________(produce)acoupletwithafewcharactersthatisexcellentinbothcontentandlanguage.Withtheculturalexchangesamongdifferentcountriesallovertheworld，Chinesecouplets9.________(begin)tospreadtoVietnam，Japan，andSingaporeinthe20thcentury.Asaresult，thecustomofputtingupSpringFestivalcouplets10.________(observe)inthesecountriesatpresentaswell.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。以中国的对联为话题，介绍了对联的种类、特征及表达的含义，且对联现在在其他一些国家也可看到。1．解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填generally。答案：generally2．解析：考查形容词。根据空前的entertaining和空后的couplets可知，此处应用形容词作定语。答案：humorous3．解析：考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示对联在长度上差别很大。varyinsth.“在某方面有差异/不同”，空处应填名词形式length。答案：length4．解析：考查非谓语动词。空处所在部分作后置定语修饰前面提到的“thelongestone”，主语与find之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词found。答案：found5．解析：考查冠词。此处表达“……的数量”，表示特指，故用定冠词the。答案：the6．解析：考查介词。此处表示“借助于”，故用介词by构成bymeansof“借助……手段”短语。答案：by7．解析：考查让步状语从句。无论作者想传达什么，他都得有好的概括力和驾驭汉语的本领。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处所在的句子为让步状语从句，从句中的convey是及物动词，故引导词作convey的宾语，此处表示“无论什么”，故只能填Whatever。答案：Whatever8．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句意可知，此处作目的状语，故填不定式。答案：toproduce9．解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境以及后面的时间状语“inthe20thcentury”可知，谓语动词应用一般过去时。答案：began10．解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境以及时间状语“atpresent”可知，此处描述现在存在的情况，应用一般现在时。主语为custom，且与谓语动词之间是被动关系，故用isobserved。observe在此处表示“遵守，奉行”。答案：isobserved第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2021·长春市普通高中高三统一测试)Mytwelvebirthdaywasthemostunforgettableandspecialone.Onthatday，Ireceivedalife­changinggiftfrommygrandmother.Itwasthepairofrollerskates.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyewhenIopenedthebox.Theshoesweresobeautiful.Theshoestotalchangedmylife.BecauseinthepastIwasscaredtotalkwithothers，soIusedtohavenofriends.Themom