高考英语一轮复习主题训练二十五人类生存社会发展与环境的关系含解析

PAGEPAGE14主题训练(二十五)人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系大阅读——提升阅读速度·内化读文规律(满分70分，限时55分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A9/11MemorialandGroundZeroWalkingTourInremembranceoftheeventsthattookplaceonSeptember11,2001,takethis2.5­hourwalkingtour.WalkthroughthespaceoftheformerWorldLowerEastSideFoodandCultureTourTakeadeepdiveintothefoodcultureofManhattan'sLowerEastSideduringthis3­hourguidedsmall­grouptour.FollowyourguidetohiddentreasuresfortastesofeverythingfrompancakestoChinesedumplings.Alongtheway,yourguidewillcastlightontheneighborhood'srich,variedfoodculture,whichhelpsyouunderstandNYCasawhole.Childrenaged5yearsoryoungerarewelcomeatnocharge.Thetourrunsrainorshine.StatueofLibertyandEllisIslandTourGetupcloseandpersonalwithEllisIslandandtheStatueofLibertyonthis4.5­hourtour.Listentothelivenarrationfromyourguideandlearnaboutthehistoryofbothspots.Jumpthequeueandenjoyaccesstothereservationserviceboardingtheferry.ThentakeintheamazingviewsofsouthernManhattanasyoucrossNewYorkBigAppleHelicopterTourItmightseemimpossibletoseethehighlightsofNYCinjust15minutes.Butthishelicoptertourmakesitareality.ListentocommentaryfromyourpilotasyouflybytheStatueofLiberty,CentralParkandotherlandmarks.You'llseemoreofthecityonthistourthananentiredayofexploringonfoot.Reservationsarerequired.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国纽约的四个值得一游的著名景点，包括“911”纪念碑和归零地之旅、下东区美食文化之旅、自由女神像和埃里斯岛之旅以及纽约直升机之旅，并详细介绍了每个旅游项目的特色。1．WhichtourisperfectforthoseexpectingaquicklookofNYC?A．BigAppleHelicopterTour.B．StatueofLibertyandEllisIslandTour.C．LowerEastSideFoodandCultureTour.D．9/11MemorialandGroundZeroWalkingTour.解析：选A细节理解题。根据尾段的内容，尤其是前两句“ItmightseemimpossibletoseethehighlightsofNYCinjust15minutes.Butthishelicoptertourmakesitareality”可知，纽约直升机之旅会让你在十五分钟内浏览到纽约最精彩的地方，故A项正确。2．WhatdoweknowaboutLowerEastSideFoodandCultureTour?A．Itisanighttour.B．Itinvolvestreasurehunting.C．Itischild­friendly.D．Itwillbecanceledifitrains.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Childrenaged5yearsoryoungerarewelcomeatnocharge”可知，下东区美食文化之旅中，五岁及以下的儿童免费，故C项正确。3．WhatcantouristsdoonStatueofLibertyandEllisIslandTour?A．Sharetheirfirst­handstories.B．Takesomewaterwiththem.C．Haveabird's­eyeviewofsouthernManhattan.D．Enjoyspecialrighttoboardtheferry.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Jumpthequeueandenjoyaccesstothereservationserviceboardingtheferry”可知，在自由女神像和埃里斯岛之旅中，乘客可以不用排队并享用预约服务登上渡轮，故D项正确。BWhatTheresaLoeisdoingprovesthatalargefarmisn'taprerequisite_foramoderngrow­your­ownlifestyle.Onamere1/10ofanacreinLosAngeles,Loeandherfamilygrow,can(装罐)andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume.Loeisamasterfoodpreserver,gardenerandcanningexpert.Shealsooperatesawebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryonehastheabilitytocontrolwhat'sontheirplate.Loeinitiallywenttoschooltobecomeanengineer,butshequicklylearnedthatherenthusiasmwasmainlyaboutgrowingandpreparingherownfood.“gotintocookingmyownfoodandstartedgrowingmyownherbs(香草)andfoodsforthatfreshflavor，”shesaid.Engineerbyday,Loelearnedcookingatnightschool.Sheultimatelypurchasedasmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.“Iteachpeoplehowtolivefarm­freshwithoutafarm，”Loesaid.ThroughherwebsiteLoeemphasizesthat“anybodycandothisanywhere.”Gotanapartmentwithabalcony(阳台)?Plantsomeherbs.Awindow?Perfectspotforgrowing.Startwithherbs,sherecommends,because“they'reveryforgiving.”Justalittleoftheherbs“cantakeyourregularcookingtoawholenewlevel，”sheadded.“Ithinkit'sagreatplacetostart.”Then?Trygrowingsomethingfromaseed,shesaid,likeatomatoorsometea.Canningisanaturalextensionoftheplantingshedoes.Witheveryplantedfood,Loenoted,there'samomentwhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.“Itryandkeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar，”Loesaid.“Canningformeisaboutknowingwhat'sinyourfood,knowingwhereitcomesfrom.”Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwiththefoodshe'seating,anotherjoycomesfrompassingthisknowledgeandthisdesireforgoodfoodtoherchildren:“Influencingthemandtellingthemyouropiniononnotonlybeingcarefulwhatweeatbutunderstandingthebiggerpicture，”shesaid,“thatifwedon'ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。4．Theunderlinedword“prerequisite”(Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．recipe B.substituteC．requirement D．challenge解析：选C词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“Onamere1/10ofanacre...andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。5．WhydoesLoesuggeststartingwithherbs?A．Theyareuseddaily.B．Theyareeasytogrow.C．Theycangrowverytall.D．Theycanbeeatenuncooked.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Startwithherbs,sherecommends,because‘they'reveryforgiving.’Justalittleoftheherbs‘cantakeyourregularcookingtoawholenewlevel，’sheadded.”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。6．AccordingtoLoe,whatisthebenefitofcanningherplantedfoods?A．Itcanpreservetheirbestflavor.B．Itcanpromoteheronlinesales.C．Itcanbetterhercookingskills.D．Itcanimprovetheirnutrition.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段中“thereisamomentwhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.‘Itrytokeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar，’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。7．Whatisthe“thebiggerpicture”(Para.6)thatLoewishesherchildrentounderstand?A．Theknowledgeaboutgoodfood.B．Thewaytoliveagrow­our­ownlife.C．Thejoyofgettingintouchwithfoods.D．Theresponsibilitytoprotectourearth.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“thatifwedon'ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill”可知thebiggerpicture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。CWilliamLindesayhasbeeninterestedintheGreatWallofChinasinceseeingitinaschoolatlas(地图册)asachildinEngland.Hecanvividlyrecallseeinginthe“OxfordSchoolAtlas”theGreatWallwithitsbattlementsymbol.Fromthatmoment,hehadinhismindthatwhenhegrewuphe'dgotoChinaandwalkalongtheGreatWallfromendtoend.Lindesay'sabout3,000­kmsolorunalongtheGreatWallbeganin1987.Runningthelengthofthewallwasabraveexpedition,venturingintosparselypopulatedregionswheretherewaslittlechanceofhelpiftherunnerhadanaccident.Duringanothertrip,LindesayandhisteamventureddeepintotheGobiDesertLindesayandhiswife,WuQi,whomhegottoknowandfellinlovewithduringhistripsinChina,hadafarmhouseatthefootofthewall.Duringhisexploration,henoticedsomesectionsofthewallwerebadlydamagedandcoveredwithlitter.Modernizationanddevelopmentweremakingthesituationevenworse.“Somepeoplesayitwilltakegenerationstochange;Isaywedon'thavegenerationsoftime.It'sgottobemuchquicker，”hesaid.Lindesayalwayscarriesagarbagebagwithhiminthewilderness,pickinguplitteralongtheway.Lindesayusesagarbagebagashiscallingcard.TheclothbagbearsasetofninesimpleguidelinesinChinese,whichcallsonpeopletoobeywhiletravelingorcampingoutdoors:“Takeyourowngarbagehome”“Pickuplitterleftbyothers”“Don'tdamageplantsorflowers,orpickfruit”andlotsmore.语篇解读：WilliamLindesay自小对中国的长城感兴趣，长大后他到中国沿着长城独跑，实现了儿时的梦想，并沿路捡拾垃圾，促进对其的保护。8．WhatsparkedWilliamLindesay'sdreamofexploringtheGreatWall?A．SeeingamovieabouttheGreatWall.B．ExperiencingawarfortheGreatWall.C．SurfingawebsiteabouttheGreatWall.D．AdmiringtheGreatWallintheschoolatlas.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“WilliamLindesayhasbeeninterestedintheGreatWallofChinasinceseeingitinaschoolatlas(地图册)asachildinEngland”可知，自从在学校的一个地图册上看到长城，WilliamLindesay便一直对长城感兴趣。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sparsely”mean?A．Remotely. B．Rarely.C．Frequently. D．Largely.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据该句中的定语从句“wheretherewaslittlechanceofhelpiftherunnerhadanaccident”可知，这些地区人口稀少，如果跑步者发生意外，几乎没有得到帮助的可能性，由此可推知，画线词意为“稀少地”，与B项含义相近。10．WhatworsenedthesituationoftheGreatWall?A．Thedestroyedecosystems.B．Wastecausedbyfarms.C．Theincreasingtourists.D．Modernizationanddevelopment.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Modernizationanddevelopmentweremakingthesituationevenworse”可知，现代化和发展使长城环境进一步恶化。11．WhatsortofmanisWilliamLindesay?A．Adventurousandcaringabouttheenvironment.B．Determinedandgratefultohiswife.C．Warm­heartedandpolitetohisteammates.D．Considerateandoptimisticaboutthelife.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段WilliamLindesay沿着长城独跑和深入探险戈壁沙漠的经历可推知，他具有冒险精神；结合第三段的内容可知，他呼吁人们保护长城，并身体力行，由此可推知，他关注环境。故选A。DWorldEnvironmentDayiscelebratedannuallyonJune5thandwascreatedtoinspirepeoplearoundtheglobetotakeanactivepartinenvironmentalprotectionandlearnmoreaboutwayswecanhelptoguaranteethefutureofourplanetissafe.TheveryfirstWorldEnvironmentDaytookplacein1974,establishedbytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyonthefirstdayoftheStockholmConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentthattookplacein1972.EachyeartheUnitedNationspickathemeandahostcitywhereanyonewhoisconcernedabouttheenvironmentcantalkaboutenvironmentaltopicswithothers,followedbydifferentkindsofexhibitstopromoteenvironmentalawareness.Environmentalists,academicsandscientistscometogethertobringnewideasonthetableconcerningtheenvironment.The2018WorldEnvironmentDayishostedbyIndia,andthethemeisBeatPlasticPollution.Iturgespeopletoexploreandchoosesupportablealternativeslikepaperorclothbagstoreducetheproductionanduseofdisposableplastic,whichmakesup10%ofallofthewaste.EventhoughtheUnitedNationspickaspecifichostcityeveryyear,peoplearoundtheworldstillcelebrateWorldEnvironmentDayintheirhometownswithparades(游行),concerts,cleaningupandtreeplantingandallkindsofgreenactionstoworktowardshavingabeautifulplanetandbattlingpollution.WorldEnvironmentDayisnotapublicholiday,soyouwon'tbegettingthedayoffworkorschool,butifyouwanttocelebrate,whynotbringittotheattentionofyourparents,friends,colleaguesorclassmates?WorldEnvironmentDayisallaboutworkingtogethertotakeactionfortheplanet,sotrytogeteveryoneyouknowinterestedinhelpingdosomething.Thingsassmallasmakingsurepeoplehaveawaytorecyclecanmakeadifference.Youcouldalsotrybeautifyingyourneighborhoodbyplantinggardens,learnaboutgreenfoods,raisemoneyforalocalwildlifeconservationgrouporsimplylearnabouttheeffectsofdifferentproductsontheearth.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日的由来和情况，呼吁全员行动起来帮助保护地球。12．WhyisWorldEnvironmentDaysetup?A．Tomakepeopleknowmoreaboutnature.B．Toaskpeopletohelptoprotecttheglobe.C．Towarnpeopleofthedangerofairpollution.D．Toencouragepeopletoplantheearth'sfuture.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，设立世界环境日的目的是鼓励人们积极参与环境保护并学会很多方法来帮助确保地球将来的安全，故选B。13．WhatdopeopledoonWorldEnvironmentDay?A．Decideahostcity.B．Holdathemeparty.C．Discussenvironmentalideas.D．Showsomeplasticproducts.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“whereanyonewhoisconcernedabouttheenvironmentcantalkaboutenvironmentaltopicswithothers”以及最后一句可知，人们主要是在这一天讨论环境问题。14．Whichofthefollowingwordsistheclosestinmeaningto“disposable”inParagraph3?A．High­cost. B．Poor­quality.C．Second­hand. D．Single­use.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的“whichmakesup10%ofallofthewaste”可知，“disposableplastic”造成大量资源浪费，所以“一次性的”符合语境，故选D项。15．What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Everybitofeffortcounts.B．Doingisbetterthansaying.C．Manyhandsmakelightwork.D．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.解析：选A段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，每个人都可以从身边小事做起，行动起来保护地球，每个人的微小努力都很重要，故选A项。Doingisbetterthansaying“行胜于言”；Manyhandsmakelightwork“众人拾柴火焰高”；Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart“有志者事竟成”。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Schoolsconsumealargeamountofenergy,whichhasabadeffectontheenvironment.__16__，therearelotsofwaysthatyoucanhelpyourschoolsaveenergy.Lookforsimplechangesyourschoolcanmakeandbandtogetherwithotherstomakeanevenbiggereffect.__17__.Evensomethingassimpleasturningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoomcanhelptosaveenergy.Turnoffthelightsinclassroomsthatarenotbeingusedandinotherareas,suchasemptybathroomsandunoccupiedmulti­purposerooms.Usenaturallightwhenthesunisbright.Itmaynotalwaysbenecessaryforyoutohavethelightsoninyourclassroom.Theremaybetimesofdaywhenthesunisespeciallybrightandenoughforwhatyouaredoinginyourclassroom.__18__.Setuparecyclingstationatyourschool.Recyclingisagreatwaytosaveenergybecauseitreducestheneedtoproducenewmaterials.__19__，thenaskyourschoolprincipalifyoucansetoneup.Getothersinvolved.__20__.Eitherasanindividualorasateam,youcancreateandputupsignsaroundyourschool.Tryusingsignsthatremindpeopleofthingstheycandotosaveenergyandalsosomesignsthatraiseawarenessofsavingenergy.A．PostsignsaboutconservingenergyB．WhetheryouareateacherorastudentC．IfyourschooldoesnothaveoneD．Turnoffyourcomputerwhenit'snotusedE．ShutdownthelightswhenroomsarenotinuseF．OthertimesofdayyoumightonlyneedhalfofthelightsG．Ifyourschool'sgarbagecompanyoffersrecyclingserviceseq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文，从四个方面阐述学生在校园中如何节约能源，保护环境。)16．选B根据句子结构判断，本句是一个从句，七个选项中只有B、C和G三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知，此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生，总有许多可以帮助你们学校节约能源的方法”。故答案为B。17．选E本段主要讲述在离开教室等地方的时候关灯以便节约能源。本段中的一些提示词，如“turningoffthelights”“Turnoffthelights”等也暗示了本题的答案。18．选F本段主要讲述当教室内光线充足时使用自然光。空前句子中的“timesofday”与F项中的“Othertimesofday”形成对应关系。19．选C本段谈论在学校内设置回收站回收可循环使用的材料。C选项中的one指代主题句中的arecyclingstation。20．选A根据下文的“putupsigns”“usingsigns”“somesigns”提示词可以判断答案为A。Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)“We'renotgettingapaycheckthisweek.”Iwasn'tparticularly__21__bymyhusband'swords.__22__，hehadgonewithoutasalaryinthepast,butwehadalwaysmadedo.Myhusbandownedasmallfirm.Whenmoneywas__23__，hemanagedtomakecertaintheemployeeswerepaid.Iwasproudtomarrysuchamanof__24__.Twoweekspassedthenfour,thensix,allwithnosalary__25__.Thebillsarrivedwithregularity,though.We__26__ourpoorsavings,andbeliefinlife.NewYearapproached,andIjoinedTheFreecycleNetwork,aninternationalorganization__27__topreventingmoreobjectsfrom__28__inalreadyover­burdenedlandfills(废弃物填埋场).Dayslater,Inoticedonemessagelistingspare__29__.Ie­mailedbackimmediately,sayingwecouldusethem.I,the__30__persontoansweralistingisusuallytheonegettingit.WhenInoticedthe__31__whenthelistingwasposted,myheartsank:severalhourshadpassed,andsurelyithadbeen__32__...Butsomehowthegivere­mailedme,sayingthefoodsweremine!Theexperience__33__metocleanouthouseholdgoodswenolongerused.IfeltasthoughIwastidyingupmysoul,__34__itofanger,hateandfearsasdoingthat.Icountedmyblessingsand__35__less.Eightweekshadpassedsincemyhusbandhad__36__apaycheckandNewYearwasuponus.Ihadmanagedtobuyandmake__37__presentsforfamilyandfriends.Also,onecustomerofmyhusband,alsoa(n)__38__ofthesloweconomy,hadsentalong__39__check.“Wehavefamily,friendsandfaithinourlives，”Ithought__40__.Wewererichindeed.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。丈夫没有了收入，我们一家只能靠可怜的积蓄和对生活的信心度日。在这个艰难时期，我成为TheFreecycleNetwork的用户，获得了一些别人闲置的食物，同时也把自己不用的物品整理出来。在这个过程中，我学会了知足常乐，少抱怨。我思忖我们拥有的一切：朋友、家人和信念。同时我感慨我们其实是富有的。21．A.reminded B．alarmedC．informed D．struck解析：选B根据上文丈夫说“这周我们没有工资了”，以及下文他在过去也失去过经济来源，但我们总是可以凑合着过，所以丈夫的话并没有使我不安/恐慌，故alarmed符合语境。bealarmedby“因……担忧或恐慌”；bestruckby“被……打动，迷恋……”。22．A.What'sworse B．What'smoreC．Afterall D．Aboveall解析：选Cafterall“毕竟，终究”，符合语境，起解释说明的作用，是前后句逻辑关系的衔接。what'sworse“更糟糕的是”；what'smore“更有甚者，更为重要的是”；aboveall“尤其是，最重要的是”。23．A.vital B．plentifulC．tight D．lost解析：选C根据下文的“managedtomakecertaintheemployeeswerepaid”，可知金钱紧张的时候，丈夫也总是想方设法支付雇员的工资。tight“紧的，拮据的，不宽裕的”。24．A.honor B．talentC．will D．wisdom解析：选A根据语境可知，我的丈夫讲信誉，这让我引以为荣。amanofhonor表示“讲信誉的人”，故honor符合题意。25．A.oncredit B．onendC．inneed D．insight解析：选D根据语境可知，两周过去了，四周过去了，六周过去了，眼下没有要有收入的迹象。insight“可能即将发生”符合语境。oncredit“赊购，赊欠”；onend“连续地，不断地”；inneed“需要”。26．A.livedon B．livedthroughC．livedwith D．livedout解析：选A根据语境“We________ourpoorsavings,andbeliefinlife”可知，我们靠可怜的积蓄以及对生活的信念度日。所以liveon“靠……生活”符合语境。livethrough“经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存”；livewith“忍受，容忍”；liveout“实践(以前想要做的事)”。27．A.attached B．adaptedC．devoted D．accustomed解析：选C根据语境可知，这是一个专门用来捐出闲置物品使它们免于沦落到垃圾场的国际组织。devotetodoingsth.“专门用于做某事，致力于做某事”。28．A.sellingout B．givingoutC．endingup D．usingup解析：选C参见上题解析。endup“最终处于”符合语境。sellout“售完，售罄”；giveout“分发，散发”；useup“用完”。29．A.checks B．giftsC．rooms D．foods解析：选D根据下文的“Butsomehowthegivere­mailedme,sayingthefoodsweremine”可知，此处指我看到了一条捐多余食物(foods)的信息。30．A.first B．poorestC．best D．right解析：选A根据“Ie­mailedbackimmediately...thelistingwasposted,myheartsank”可知，往往最先在这个网站回应的人可以拿到东西，而我注意了一下时间(time)，这个清单已经被发布好几个小时了，所以我的心一沉，故first符合语境。31．A.time B．nameC．result D．address解析：选A参见上题解析。32．A.bought B．takenC．withdrawn D．dated解析：选B根据上文的“severalhourshadpassed”以及下文的“Butsomehowthegivere­mailedme,sayingthefoodsweremine”可知，已经好几个小时过去了，我以为食物肯定被其他人拥有(taken)了。33．A.inspired B．askedC．convinced D．forced解析：选A根据语境可知，这次的经历激发了我整理自己家的一些闲置物品。inspire“激励，引起联想，启发思考”。34．A.demanding B．mendingC．breaking D．ridding解析：选D根据上文的“Iwastidyingupmysoul”可知，当我在整理闲置物品的时候我也在整理自己的心灵，去除愤怒、仇恨和恐惧这些负面情绪，故ridding符合语境。ridsb./sth.ofsth.“使摆脱，使除掉”。35．A.expected B．complainedC．worried D．controlled解析：选B根据上文的“Icountedmyblessings”可知，我变得知足感恩，抱怨少了，故complained符合语境。36．A.missed B．soughtC．received D．desired解析：选C根据语境可知，自我丈夫上次收到工资已经过去了8周。miss“错过”；seek“寻找”；receive“得到，接受”；desire“期望”。37．A.old B．modestC．expensive D．rare解析：选B在经济窘迫的情况下我已经学会了购买并制作不贵的礼物，故modest“不太大的，不很贵的”符合语境。old“旧的”；expensive“昂贵的”；rare“稀罕的”。38．A.partner B．optimistC．competitor D．victim解析：选D根据语境可知，这里指此外，我丈夫的一个客户把欠款补上了，他也是疲软经济的受害者，故victim符合语境。39．A.forgotten B．paidC．valuable D．overdue解析：选D参见上题解析。overdue“逾期未付的”，符合语境。forgotten“被遗忘的”；paid“有偿的，付费的”；valuable“很有用的，很重要的”。40．A.carefully B．gratefullyC．confidently D．swiftly解析：选B根据我想的内容“生活中我们有家人，有朋友和对生活的信心”可知，此处应表示我感激地(gratefully)想。精表达——夯实语言基础·提升表达能力Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Withthetwo­childpolicy,anincrease(增加)inbirthswilleasethelaborshortage.2．Somewastechemicalsfrommanufacturinginrural(乡村的)areaspollutedtheunderwater.3．Asacitizen(市民),wemustn'tdoanythingtoharmourcity.4．Onethirdoftheworld'spopulation(人口)consumestwothirdsoftheworld'sresources.5．First,annualworldgrainsoutputhasdeclined(下降)becauseofclimatechange.6．It'seasierandmoreconvenientforurban(城市的)residentstohaveaccesstomoderntransportation.7．Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreased(减少)from210to160thisyear.8．Themainreasonliesinourrapidgrowth(增长)ineconomyandall­aroundnationalpower.9．Becausethewaterflows(流动)youcanneverstepintothesamerivertwice.10．TheUSAisalandofimmigrants.Between1815and1914,theworldwitnessedthegreatestpeacefulmigration(移民)initshistory.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNewScientististokeepthepaceofadvancesinscience.2．Ashumaneffortstodevelopnewsubstances,quantitiesofpollutantsare(be)alsoconstantlychanging.3．Manycitizensareopposedtopulling(pull)downtheoldbuilding,whichdatesbacktothe16thcentury.4．Inresponsetotheappeal,Ihavemadesomechangesinmywayoflife,whichranges(range)fromtransportationtowatersaving.5．Onaverage,Americankidsaged3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.6．Weshouldmaketeenagersrealizetheriskandconsequence(consequent)oftakingdrugsbyputtingmoresafetyeducationintotextbooks.7．Underthesecircumstances(circumstance),whatmattersmostis