考研写作上课板书

板书内容包括：三篇小作文范文，大作文讲解板书，

最后附有第一二节课讲的基本写作句型板书。

KeepWorking&GoodLuck!

小作文范文

1.道歉信范文

DearSirorMadam,

I'mastudentofouruniversityandmylibrary

cardnumberis34567.Iamwritingthisletterto

apologizefordamagingHarryPotterIVthatI

borrowedlastweek.

Ialwayshadthehabitofreadingbytheschool

lake.ButyesterdaywhenIwasabouttotakeout

thebook,Icarelesslydroppeditintothewater,

whichmadethebookimpossibletoreadanymore.

IamsorryforthemistakeandI'dlovetobuy

anewoneorpayafineuponyourrequest.

Pleaseacceptmysincereapologiesandletme

knowwhatIneedtodo.Lookingforwardtoyour

reply.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

2.投诉信范文

DearSirorMadam,

I'mastudentofEnglishDepartment,livinginroom

204inBuilding2.I'mwritingthisletterto

apply/request/askforasingleroominthefollowing

semester.

NowIamsharingtheroomwithXXX,oneof

studentsofXXXdepartment.Firstofall,heisamember

ofthestudents/union,andhiscolleaguesoftencame

forallkindsofstudents'activitiesatthetimewhenI

neededtostudy.Besides,Ifoundthatheoftenusedmy

computer/books/shampoowithoutaskingme.

Therefore,Iamwonderingifitispossibleforyouto

arrangeasingleroomformenextsemester,which

wouldbenefitmeandalsoleaveshimafreespace.

Iwillappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldsolvethis

problemformeassoonaspossible.Lookingforwardto

yourreply.

Yourscordially,

LiMing

3.通知范文

EnglishSpeechContest

March4,2010

Inordertoenrichextracurricularactivitiesand

providestudentswithachance/stagetoshowtheir

Englishability,theEnglishClubisgoingtoholdan

EnglishspeechcontestonApril10th,2010in

cooperationwithGuangdongEnglishChannel.

Thecontestwillinclude2rounds.Thecontestants

shouldprepareforanEnglishspeechwithin5minutes

onthetopicofwildanimalsprotection.Every

contestantwhoentersthesecondroundwillbe

awardedanOxfordDictionaryandthefinalwinnerwill

havethechancetoenjoyafivedaystourtoBritain.

Allthenon-Enilishmajorsarewelcometotakepart

inthecontest.Thosewhoareinterested,pleasesignup

attheEnglishClubofficeonthefifthfloorofschool

librarybeforeMarch15,2010.

EnglishClub

大作文结构、

Agoodopening…关于背景句

1.

弊

问题：

Today,Chinaisconfrontedwiththeproblemofthe

poorlivingsituationoftheseniorcitizenmore

seriously.

Oneofthepressingproblemsfacingournation

todayisthattheyoungergenerationlackofthe

abilityofhandlingpressure/difficultieson

theirown.

2.关注

Therehasbeenaheateddiscussionabout同

|picture/cartoon/drawing/photograph]inthe

newspaper/amongpeople/amongyoungpeople.

Thereisagrowingawarenessoftheimportanceof

thebenefitsthatglobalizationcanbringus.

3.发展

Withthedevelopmentof

在过去的XXXX年期间，我国/世界的XXX有了巨大的

爰展。

Greatchangeshavetakenplacein(hecountryside

ofChina]inthepastthreedecades.

Thepastthreedecadeshaswitnessedthegreat

developmentin主题thankstothereformbeing

carriedout.

时间+witness+n.

Para]

（背景•句+）如图所示+选定主语做倒装+定语从句/分

词伴随

关于描述图画|language

选定主语：图画的主赭，

主角所在的位置

|Anoldliesontheground.

Onthegroundliesanoldman.

Asisshownvividlyinthepicture,inthe

sunshine/infrontofusstandsabeautiful

Americangirl,(whois)dressedintraditional

Chinesecostume,wearingal1kindsofdecorations

andsmi1ingsplendidlytous.

为口图所示，条布面前站着一个美丽的美国小姑娘,who

穿着传统的中国服饰，wearing各种饰品而且，

smi1ing灿烂地对我们。

如图所示，球场的市间躺着一个可怜的老人，蜷缩ing

成一个足球的样子，被他的四个子女(who把守着家门

就像守门员goalkeeper一样)踢出家门。guard

Asisdrawnridiculouslyinthecartoon,inthe

middleofthefootbal1field1iesapooroldman,

crouchingonthegroundlikeabal1andkickedout

ofhomebyhischiIdrenwhoguardattheirhouse

doors1ikegoalkeepers,

vigorously

Asisvividlyshowninthephoto,inthechairof

ahairsalonsitsayoungman,askingthehair

dressertomakehishairasstylishasDavid

Beckham,aBritishfootballmegastar,atthe

cost/priceof300yuan.

Asissimplydrawninthepicture,inthedarkness

1iesalamp,burningvigorously,1ighteningthe

surroundingandgivingoutwarmthtotheendless

darknessaroundit.

|As|isshownvividlyinthecartoon,onthe

playground|runs|ayoungman,机回istiredbutstill

keepsrunning,|rushing|tothefinaldestination,

Which|,atthesametime,isalsoanotherbrandnew

start.

每篇文章都不一样的句子一话题内容

每篇文章都一样的句子----题型

para2.

阐释含义(内涵intendedmeaning,symbolicmeaning)

废话+内涵的解释+图到论证的过渡

尽管图画很简单，但是内涵很深刻

Simple函thepictureis,itsintendedmeaningis

reallydeep.

(Theauthor'srealpurposeisnotthepicture

itself,buttoleadustofindthefactbehindit.)

11revealsthefact/problemthatover-fishing

causesthesharpdecreasingoftheseaspecies.

比喻

Simpleasthepictureis,itssymbolicmeaningis

reallydeep.Itreveals/indicated/…thefact

that…+从图到论证的过渡

本体喻体

floweryoungpeople

greenhouseparents/family

stormhardship/diff...

Simpleasthepictureis,itssymbolicmeaningis

reallydeep.Flowersarerevealedasthose

chiIdrenwhoareover-protected,andparents|are

naturally/definitely〔associatedwith]thegreen

house,whilethestormoutsideisreferredtothe

hardshipanddifficultieswhichchildrenmay

encounter/comeacrossintheirlife.〔Nowadays,it

isnotuncommontoseethZT|manyyoungpeoplelack

oftheabilityofhandlingdifficultiesontheir

own,becauseofover-protectionfromtheirfamily

andparents.

Para3

I负君亩I:简单的评价+解决问题

评价(这个现象不好1-2句)+废话+具体的措施(A/B)

+预测结尾

如何评价这个现象/这种做法不好：分析危害。1-2句

情况是如此的严害常们应该立刻采取方法去解决它。

Thesituation|bein目soserious,itj_shightime

that|wetookcertainmeasurestosolveit.

thatcertainmeasuresweretakento...

示范段落1

Thiskindofbehaviornotonlycausestheelder

peopletosufferfrompoorlateryears,butalso

isagainstthecherishedvirtueofournation.The

situationbeingsoserious,itishightimethat

certainmeasureweretakentostopit.Ononehand,

itisurgentforthegovernmenttoenforce/issue

relativelawsandregulationssoastobetter

protecttherightsoftheelderpeople.Andthose

whofailtofulfilltheirresponsibi1ityoftaking

careoftheirfathergenerationsshouldbesubject

tocertainpunishment.Onthqotherhand,every

Chineseneedto|be[wareof|thevalueofour

traditionalvirtueandthesignificanceofcaring

fortheold.Ifthesolutionsmentionedaboveare

wellimplemented,theproblemwi11besolved

effectively.

solutions

社会（政闲r,法布况构）一夕卜因/

个人一内

A:relativelaws®ulations

B:people/individualsshouldbeeducated

示范段落2

Thesekindofdeceptiveadvertisementsnotonly

violatetherightsofconsumers,butalso

barricadethedevelopmentofeconomy.The

situationbeingsoserious,itishig[timethat

certainmeasuresweretakentostopi|0nonehan@,

itisurgentforthegovernmenttoenforce

relativelawsandregulationssoastobetter

protecttherightsoftheconsumers.Andthose

advertiserswhomakefalseormisleadingpromises

shouldbesubjecttocertainpunishment.|0nthe

otherhand」everyconsumershouldevaluatethe

informationtheadvertisementstrytoconveyso

thattheycankeeptheirfeetonthegroundand

wi11notbeoverswayedbythem.Ifthesolutions

mentionedabovearewellimplemented,theproblem

willbesolvedeffectively.

Para3

正面图：具体论证

观点+论证证明+结论（观点repeat）

1.解释法:才巴观点解释详细

论点：Smokingdoesgreatharmtoourhealth.

Usuallysmokerssufferahigherrateofmany

seriousdiseases,suchaslungcancer,thannon-

smokers.Somechainsmokerswouldeven1ive

shorterthanpeoplewhodon'tsmoke.

Internetbringspeopleasignificantlylarge

amountofbenefits.11isthebestplatformfor

peopletoattaininformation.

2.举例法

Love........

Lovecanmakepeopleaccomplishallimpossible.

Forinstance,inthewestprovincesofChinaexist

somepoorfamilieswhocannotsupporttheir

childrenseducation.ItistheHopeProjectthat

makesitpossibleforchildrenfromthesefamilies

toreceiveeducation.

Culturalblendingcanbeseeneverywhere.

Forinstance,

Amongalltheimpressiveexamples/facts/stories,

thefirstonepoppingintomymindisthat...

n.

Icanthinkofnobetterexamplesotherthanthe

HopeProjecttoprovehowgreatlovecanbe..

3.反证法（虚拟语气）

Iftherewerenosuchfundsandhelpfromthose

warm-heartedpeople,thesechildrenwouldnever

getthechancetoobtaineducationandprecious

knowledge.Consequently,bynomeancouldthey

havetheopportunitytochangetheir

1ife/destiny.

示范段落3

Culturalreintegrationhasbecomean

indispensablemeansofpromotingfurtherculture

developmentand|maintenance|.Inarapidly

modernizingworld,culturalblendinghasalways

beenplayinganimportantroleofhelping

differentnationsinculturalcommunication.|By

nomean§shouldweignorethefactthatthese

culturalheritagenotonlybelongtoacertain

nationbutthewholehumanbeingworld.Andfor

allthecountries,thereexiststhedangerthat

someoldcustomsandtraditionsmaybecomelost

becauseofthemodernization.IfPekingOperaor

SwanLakeperishedfromtheEarthoneday,itwould

beanimmeasurabletragedy.Whileitiscultural

blendingthathelpstopreservetheseprecious

heritageofhumanhistory.

Ibelievethatmulti-culturescanbedefinitely

keptalivebytheeffortofallpeople,ifwefully

realizethesignificanceofdoingso.

数据图画作文

barpielinetable

graph,diagram

数据图表，提纲作文，情景作文

数据图表

1.描述图表（词汇和句型的选择）

As....,黑板.Andasisshowinthepiegraph,t[Eie|

number]ofsmokingpeople/smokers,whichis1.1

bi1lion,account^for|approximately|20%inthe

worldpopulation,whichis5.8billion.Moreover,

smokingwouldcause200bi1lionworthlostand3

mi1lionpeoplediedirectlyorindirectlyeach

year.

Wecanpredictahopefuldeclinewiththetobacco

consumptionandthenumberofthesmokersaswell.

Threereasonswouldmakeustodrawthis

assumption.

firstly

As+

吸烟人口，whichis...占到世界总人口，whichis...

的百分之20.

Thenumb钮ofsmokingpeople/smokers,whichis1.1

bi1lion,account^for〔approximately120%inthe

worldpopulation,whichis5.8billion.

表示倍数比较的句型

Theconsumptionofbeefis3times(asmuchas)

thatofpork.

Theconsumptionofbeefis2timesmorethanthat

ofpork.

Asisshowninthebargraph,theoverall

consumptionoftobacco|in1995(14.2bi1lion)is

slightlylowerthanthatin1994(14.364billion)

byapproximately0.16billion.

提纲式作文

开头句Manypeopleappreciatetheconveniencesof

thecity.Forinstance,123

However/Ontheotherhand/Onthecontrary,....

123

Besidestheadvantagesmentionedabove,也都有

缺点。1212

第一第二次课的上课板书整理

优秀写作=很好的写作水平+很高的英语水平

简单句基本结构

主谓（宾）

家+表

定语状语同位语

中文—英语

中文设计的更好，才能有希望写出更好的英语句子。

互联网会对涉世未深青少年施加大量的负面影响。

Internet,oneofthemostimportantinventionsin

the20thcentury,wi11alsohaveasurprisingly

largeamountofnegativeinfluenceonpeople,

especiallythose|inexperienced|children.

1.|adj.+

very+adj.

very:significantly,surprisingly,astonishingly,

extremely......

2.名词+同位语

Internetis___

Internetisaplatformforcommunication.

Internetisthebestchanneltoobtaininformation

formodernpeople.

Internetisawonderfultooltogetentertainment.

Internetisatechnologyadvancingoursociety/

changingourlives.

Internetisoneofthemostimportantinventions

inthe20111century.

（母鸡下蛋图）Advertisement,animportantmethod

formodernbusiness/topromoteproducts

（爱心一盏灯图）Love,thenoblestemotionofhuman

beings,bringshopetothosedesperatepeople.

09年真题：网络的远和近

互联网为人们提供了大量的有用信息。

Internet,thebestchannelformodernpeopleto

getconnectedwiththeworld,providesuswitha

surprisinglylargeamountofusefulinformation.

互联网为人们提供了一种获取大量有用信息的快捷途

径。

Internet,thetechnologyadvancingourlives,

providespeoplewithaneasy〔access而a

significantlylargeamountofinformationof

greatuse.

3.adj.T介词短语后置定语

important,valuable,useful,helpful,necessary,

significant,

of+surprisingly〔great

importance,value,use,help,necessity,

significance

useless=ofnouse.

Itisabookofgreatuse.

Thisbookisofgreatuse.

helpful

Yoursuggestionisofgreathelptome.

过度沉溺于网络，尤其是网络游戏，会导致肥胖和近

视以及其他心理问题。

ExcessiveaddictiontoInternet,especiallythose

time-consuming,evenviolentandmeaningless

onlinegamesoftencausessomenaturalresults,

suchasobesity,poorvisionandother

psychologicalproblems,whichis...

4.非限定性定语从句

大作文

句子，which+非限

代替前面的整句话

Smokingdoesgreatharmtoourhealth,whichis

knowntoall.

o)=Smokingdoesgreatharmtoourhealth

o),whichhasbeenwel1provedbymanyexperts.

3,whichisanundoubtedfact.

o),whichisafactthatnoonecandeny.

o),whichisfirmlybelievedbymostpeople.

①，whichisknowntoall.

ManychiIdrenaresinglechiIdandareover

protectedbytheirparents,which(这)leadstothe

factthattheyhavegreatdifficultiesfacingthe

problems.

大作文图画作文一描述图画

As+非限从自,完整的简单句.

后面的完整句子

引出描述图画

卜一如图所示|

AsisXshowninthepicture,+才苗述

X:clearly,obviously,apparently,

ridiculously,...

shown:drawn,depicted,i1lustrated,

demonstrated,...

picture:photo,cartoon,drawing,

graph,diagram

5.分词状语：描述图画

As...,anAmericangirlisdressedinChinese

costume,wearingallkindsoftraditional

decorationsandsei1ingtous.

描述图画，选定了描述主体一只用一个谓语动词，其

他的用分词状语

Asis.......alampisburningvigorously,

lighteningthesurroundingsandgivingout

warmth.

As...,|anoldman|liesonthefootbal1field,

crouchingandkickedbyhischildren1ikeaball.

1.倒装句

A:完全倒装（辅助描述图画）

B:部分倒装

never

bynomeans

innocase|

atnotimes

notonly...butalso...

hardly...

few,little少到几乎没有

部分倒装：句子中含有否定词

1.否定词

2.only+状语（状语从句）

X|have|neverhim.

NeverhaveIseenhim.

We|canthejobonlywithhishelp.

Onlywithhishelpcanwefinishthejob.

|否定词+助动词+主语+实义飞

情卷动词

Firstly,/Tostartwith,/Inthefirstplace,

/Mostimportantly,/Mostobviously...

Syc?ndly,/inthesecondplace

递进Furthermore,/whafsmore/

补充Besides,/Inaddition,

第一，…

我们也不能够:忽•视另夕卜-，点、…

Bynomeans|should|we|ignore|thefactthat...+

W一

2.强调句型任何句子都能用

Itis被强调部分that…期余句子

who

Internet〔provided]ws-withasignificantlylarge

amountofinformationofgreatuse.简单句

Itwastheoldpeoplewhoprovideduswith....

11is/was+被强调晶|成分|+tha的who+剩余的句子

Ourhabitswereformedwhenwewereyoung.

人的习惯是在年轻的时候养成。

Itiswhenweareyoungthatourhabitsareformed.

温室花内图

口was|stabi1ity|that|destroyedyoungpeople's

ambitionandbarricadedtheirsteps.

Juvenilecrimesgreatlyincreasebecauseof

parents5indulgence.

Itis|becauseofparents,indulgence|that|the

juvenilecrimesgreatlyincrease.

爱心一盏灯图：爱令世界转动。

Lovemakestheworldgoround.

Itislovethatmakestheworldgoround.

3.省略句

Whenwalkingonthestreet,Isawhim.

时间状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句

A:主句从句必须主语一致

B:从句谓语必须含有系动词

省略句，省略从句的主语和系动词

Thoughhurtbyusmanytimes,ourparentsalways

loveuswholeheartedly.

Aftercarefullyweighedinmind,the

idea/solution/pointsoundsquite

reasonable/practical/feasible.

4.as倒装让步（状语从句）：

体贴如李觅，他还是没能达到芳芳的要求。

ConsiderateasRemeis,hecouldn,tmeetff's

requirements.

as倒装让步：

1.从句主句主语一致

2.Though/a1though/evenif+从句（adj表语/adv状

语）,主幻

Adj表语/adv状语+as+从句主语+从句谓语，主句

跑得快到博尔特这个份上，他也追不上超人。

FastasBoltruns,hecannotcatchupwith

superman.

就算一个学生非常努力的学习，他可能还是找不到合

适的工作。

Hard毂astudentworks,hemightbeunabletofind

asuitablejob,hedoesn'thavethenecessary

work