考研英语阅读模拟6

［模拟］考研英语阅读模拟908

多项选择

Potash(theoldnameforpotassiumcarbonate)isoneofthetwoalkalis

(theotherbeingsoda,sodiumcarbonate)thatwereusedfromremote

antiquityinthemakingofglass,andfromtheearlyMiddleAgesinthe

makingofsoap：theformerbeingtheproductofheatingamixtureofalkali

andsand,thelatteraproductofalkaliandvegetableoil.Their

importanceinthecommunitiesofcolonialNorthAmericaneedhardlybe

stressed.

Potashandsodaarenotinterchangeableforallpurposes,but

forglass-orsoap—makingeitherwoulddo.Sodawasobtainedlargelyfrom

theashesofcertainMediterraneanseaplants,potashfromthoseofinland

vegetation.HencepotashwasmorefamiliartotheearlyEuropeansettlers

oftheNorthAmericancontinent.

ThesettlementatJamestowninVirginiawasinmanywaysa

microcosmoftheeconomyofcolonialNorthAmerica,andpotashwasone

ofitsfirstconcerns.Itwasrequiredfortheglassworks,thefirst

factoryintheBritishcolonies,andwasproducedinsufficientquantity

topermittheinclusionofpotashinthefirstcargoshippedoutof

Jamestown.ThesecondshiptoarriveinthesettlementfromEngland

includedamongitspassengersexpertsinpotashmaking.

Themethodofmakingpotashwassimpleenough.Logswerepiled

upandburnedintheopen,andtheashescollected.Theasheswereplaced

inabarrelwithholesinthebottom,andwaterwaspouredoverthem.The

solutiondrainingfromthebarrelwasboileddowninironkettles.The

resultingmasswasfurtherheatedtofusethemassintowhatwascalled

potash.

InNorthAmerica,potashmakingquicklybecameanadjunctto

theclearingoflandforagriculture,foritwasestimatedthatasmuch

ashalfthecostofclearinglandcouldberecoveredbythesaleofpotash.

SomepotashwasexportedfromMaineandNewHampshireintheseventeenth

century,butthemarketturnedouttobemainlydomestic,consisting

mostlyofshipmentsfromthenortherntothesoutherncolonies.For

despitethebeginningofthetradeatJamestownandsuchencouragements

asaseriesofacts“toencouragethemakingofpotash,nbeginningin

1707inSouthcaroliana,thesoftwoodsintheSouthprovedtobepoor

sourcesofthesubstance.

注释

potassium(化学)钾alkali(化学)碱

microcosm微观世界barrel圆桶，枪管

adjunct附属物remote久远的

antiquity古代；古玩，古物

第1题：

Onwhataspectofpotashdoesthispassagemainlyfocus?

A.itscomponents

B.itsimportanceintheNorthAmericancolonies

C.howitismade

D.itsdifferencesfromsoda

参考答案：B

答案解析：

B全文的中心句在前文我们曾概括过的常见位置——首段末句“Their

importanceinthecommunitiesofcolonialNorthAmericaneedhardlybe

stressed."本文属于结构清晰的说明文本，大体呈总一一分结构，在简介钾碱

(Potash)的制成品及其历史后引出中心句，之后几段则从产地、历史、制作方法、

市场等诸方面将其在北美殖民地的作用加以评述。

第2题：

Inthemakingofpotash,allofthefollowingareneededExcept.

A.water

B.fire

C.iron

D.wood

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C此题较易，见文章第四段对钾碱制作方法的介绍，木头(log)乃是原材料，利

用水将木灰加以溶解，而火则更是两次用到，至于iron则并非材料，只是kettles

的质地而已。一般不会混淆。但考生必须做到“题易人易，我不大意。”

第3题：

WhywaspotashmorefamiliartotheearlyEuropeansettleroftheNorth

Americancontinent?

A.BecauseEuropeansweremorefamiliartopotash.

B.Becausetherewasaseriesofacts“toencouragethemakingof

potash.”

C.Becausetheydidn，tlikethetasteofsoda.

D.Becauseofthegeologicalcircumstancesthere.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D细节题，详阅第二段，苏打主要是产自某些地中海(Mediterranean)地区海生

植物的灰烬中，而钾碱则可得自内陆植物，因而北美的自然地理条件而不是其他

因素决定了早期殖民对于易于获取原料的钾碱更为重要，而对原料难寻的苏打备

感生疏。A项中错误认为欧洲人均对potash更为熟悉,B项则因果倒置,C项纯属

干扰项。

第4题：

Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Theinventionofglassisearlierthanthatofsoap.

B.ThecolonialNorthAmericahadalargeabroadpotishmarket.

C.Potashmakingmadetheclearingoflandforagriculturelucrative

tosomeextent.

D.AllofthecolonialNorthAmericadidnothaveacapabilityto

produceasufficientquantityofpotash.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

B细节题，难度较大。A项，由于玻璃制造始于remoteantiquity,而肥皂业则

是中世纪早期才开始的，因而前者历史更为悠久；C项，最后一段第一句话讲到

借助于钾碱制造可以使农业中清理土地的费用节省至少一半；因而从某种意义而

言有利可图了(tosomeextentlucrative)；D项的关键在于“all...not...n

的理解，意指“并非整个北美殖民地都拥有大量生产钾碱的能力”；B项错在与

文末的“butthemarketturnedouttobemainlydomestic.(Line4Para5)

相矛盾，由于木质偏软，南部殖民地不具生产能力。

第5题：

Theword“adjunct“inthefirstlineofthelastparagraphisclosestin

meaningto______.

A.addition

B.activation

C.alternation

D.association

参考答案：A

答案解析：

Aadjunct是“附加品，附属物，附件”的意思，根据上下文不难判断出“钾碱

制造”与“清理土地”间的关系，从而不难选出A。

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoes

calledafootwearforyuppies”.TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealto

diversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffers

basketballandchildren，sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoes

foroldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.Theexecutives

alsopointoutthatthroughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhiking

boots,dressandcasualshoes,andhigh-performanceathleticfootwearto

theirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroups

ofcustomers.

Still,despiteitsemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfew

changesintheup-market

(高档消费人群的)retailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto$1

billionannually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,

whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetter

specialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththe

company，sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequality

ofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhas

imposedlimitsonthenumberofitsdistributors(andthenumberofshoes

suppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.Attimestheunexpected

demandforReebok，sexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeep

upwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblems

seemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveabout

itsdistributors.Atpresent,Reebokshoesareavailableinaboutfive

thousandretailstoresintheUnitedStates.

Reebokhasalreadyanticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethe

nextfitness-relatedcraze,replacingaerobicsshoesthesamewayits

brightlycolored,softleatherexercisefootwearreplacedconventional

runningshoes.Throughproductdiversificationandcarefulmarket

research,ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecame

acrossseveralyearsago,whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobics

shoecrazeandwasforcedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoes

throughdiscountstores.(331)

1.Reebok锐步国际公司，是一家国际大型体育用品公司

2.stylish[n.]漂亮的,流行的

3.footwearforyuppies雅皮士们穿的鞋子。雅皮士是美国城市职业阶

层中的年轻人士，这个词由YoungUrbanProfessional首字母缩拼加词尾而成。

4.appealto投合....的心意；引起....的兴趣

5.aerobics[n.]有氧运动法，增氧健身法，多指跑步、游泳等增强心肺

循环功能的运动

6.hikingboots旅游鞋

7.specialty[n.]特制品

8.toimposelimitsonsth.限制...

a

第6题：

OnereasonwhyReebok，smanagerialpersonneldon，tliketheirshoesto

becalledfootwearforyuppies”isthat

A.theybelievethattheirshoesarepopularwithpeopleofdifferent

agegroups.

B.newproductionlineshavebeenaddedtoproduceinexpensiveshoes.

C.”yuppies”usuallyevokesanegativeimage.

D.thetermmakespeoplethinkofprohibitiveprices.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

A事实辨认题。题意是:Reebok经理层不喜欢他们的鞋被称作雅皮士的鞋的一

个原因是什么。文章第一段第二句说：“他们争辩道，Reebok的鞋适合于不同的

消费者，尤其是现代公司生产出篮球鞋和适合于18岁以下孩子穿的鞋以及适合

于对健身操和跑步不感兴趣的老年人的散步鞋。”故本题选A。B项侧重公司的

生产策略，故不妥。

第7题：

Reebok'sviewthat"consumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequality

ofitsdistribution”(Line5,Para.2)impliesthat

A.thequalityofabrandismeasuredbytheservicequalityofthe

storesellingit.

B.thequalityofaproductdeterminesthequalityofitsdistributors.

C.thepopularityofabrandisdeterminedbythestoresthatsellit.

D.consumersbelievethatfirst-rateproductsareonlysoldbyhigh

qualitystores.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D推断题。题意是:Reebok认为“消费者根据销售商的档次来判断品牌的质量”

是什么意思。回答依据第二段最后一句话：“Reebok鞋将继续在上档次的专卖店、

体育用品店及百货公司销售，因为公司认为顾客会根据销售商的档次来判断某种

品牌商品的质量。”故本题选D。

第8题：

Reebokoncehadtolimitthenumberofitsdistributorsbecause

A.itssupplyofproductsfellshortofdemand.

B.toomanydistributorswouldcutintoitsprofits.

C.thereductionofdistributorscouldincreaseitsshareofthe

market.

D.itwantedtoenhanceconsumerconfidenceinitsproducts.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

A推断题。题意是:Reebok曾经不得不限制其分销商的数量是因为什么。正确

回答本题的依据在第三段的前两句话：“在过去的几年中，设在麻省的公司总部

对其分销商的数量采取了限制措施(另外对提供给商店的鞋的数量也进行了限

制），这其中部分是因为需要的缘故。有时，对Reebok鞋出乎意料的需求会超过

市场的供应，公司几乎满足不了原有分销商的订单要求。”据此，我们可知A

是本题的正确答案。

第9题：

AlthoughtheReebokCompanyhassolvedtheproblemoffulfillingits

orders,it

A.doesnotwanttofurtherexpanditsretailingnetwork.

B.stilllimitsthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores.

C.isstillparticularaboutwhosellsitsproducts.

D.stillcarefullychoosesthemanufacturersofitsproducts.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C推断题。题意是“虽然Reebok公司已经解决了供不应求的问题，但是仍然

怎么样”。文章第三段谈到公司仍然严格挑选着他们的分销商，因此正好与答案

C吻合。题干中的although与短文第三段倒数第二句的but相呼应。选项C中

的isparticularabout与原文第三段中的isstillselectiveabout意思相

同，都意为“挑剔的”。

第10题:

WhatlessonhasReeboklearnedfromNike，sdistributionproblems?

A.Acompanyshouldnotsellitshighqualityshoesindiscountstores.

B.Acompanyshouldnotlimititsdistributionnetwork.

C.Acompanyshoulddofollow-upsurveysofitsproducts.

D.Acompanyshouldcorrectlyevaluatetheimpactofanewcrazeon

themarket.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D推断题。题意是:Reebok公司从Nike的分销问题上得到了什么教训。文章

最后一段的后半部分指出：通过产品多样化和市场调查，Reebok希望避免Nike

公司几年以前出现的情况，当时Nike公司错误判断了健身鞋销售的狂热而导致

最后不得不通过打折店来处理跑步鞋的大量存货。因此从Nike鞋的分销问题上

可看出一个公司应该正确估计流行热点对市场的影响力。答案为Do

Themosteasilyrecognizablemeteoritesaretheironvariety,although

theyonlyrepresentabout5percentofallmeteoritefalls.Theyare

composedofironandnickelalongwithsulfur,carbon,andtracesofother

elements.TheircompositionisthoughttobesimilartothatofEarth，s

ironcore,andindeedtheymighthaveoncemadeupthecoreofalarge

planetoidthatdisintegratedlongago.Duetotheirdensestructure,iron

meteoriteshavethebestchanceofsurvivinganimpact,andmostarefound

byfarmersplowingtheirfields.

Oneofthebesthuntinggroundsformeteoritesisontheglaciers

ofAntarctica,wherethedarkstonesstandoutin[stark]contrasttothe

whitesnowandice.Whenmeteoritesfallonthecontinent,theyare

embeddedinthemovingicesheets.Atplaceswheretheglaciersmoveupward

againstmountainranges,meteoritesareleftexposedonthesurface.Some

ofthemeteoritesthathavelandedinAntarcticaarebelievedtohavecome

fromtheMoonandevenasfarawayasMars,whenlargeimpactsblasted

outchunksofmaterialandhurledthemtowardEarth.

Perhapstheworld，slargestsourceofmeteoritesisthe

NullarborPlain,anareaoflimestonethatstretchesfor400milesalong

thesoutherncoastofWesternandSouthAustralia.Thepale,smoothdesert

plainprovidesaperfectbackdropforspottingmeteorites,whichare

usuallydarkbrownofblack.Sinceverylittleerosiontakesplace,the

meteoritesarewellpreservedandarefoundjustwheretheylanded.Over

1,000fragmentsfrom150meteoritesthatfellduringthelast20000years

havebeenrecovered.Onelargeironmeteorite,calledtheMundrabilla

meteorite,weighedmorethan11tons.

Stonymeteorites,calledchondrites,arethemostcommontype

andmakeupmorethan90percentofallfalls.Butbecausetheyaresimilar

toEarthmaterialsandthereforeerodeeasily,theyareoftendifficult

tofind.Amongthemostancientbodiesinthesolarsystemarethe

carbonaceouschondritesthatalsocontaincarboncompoundsthatmight

havebeentheprecursorsoflifeonEarth.

注释

recognizable可辨认的meteorite陨石；流星

nickel银sulfur硫磺

planetoid小行星disintegrate风化；瓦解

glacier冰川embed埋入，嵌于

blast吹；摧毁chunk厚木头；矮胖之人

hurl投，掷limestone石灰石

backdrop背景erosion侵蚀；腐蚀

erode侵蚀，腐蚀solar太阳的

carbonaceous碳的；含碳的compound使混合；增加

precursor先驱；前兆；前辈

a

第11题:

whatisthemainpointofthispassage?

A.TheprecursorsoflifeonEarth.

B.FindingmeteoritesonEarth，ssurface.

C.ThemysteriousAntarcticaandtheNullarborPlain.

D.ThecompositionofMeteorites.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

B考查主题，本文先讲到铁质陨石的有关情况，然后在二、三段分别论及地球上

探研（铁质）陨石的两大理想去处一一南极洲与澳大利亚Nullarbor平原，最后提

及石质陨石特质及其在生命起源研究中的意义。综观全文，可见B项精确地点出

了文章主旨。

第12题：

Underlinedinthesecondline,secondparagraph,theword"stark”canbest

bereplacedby.

A.vivid

B.meaningful

C.interesting

D.vague

参考答案：A

答案解析：

Astark指clearlyobvioustotheeyeorthemind,指“显而易见，鲜明的，

明摆着的"，与vivid最为接近。instarkcontrast为固定搭配“成鲜明对比”.这

里指黝黑的陨石与白色的冰川、雪堆构成的对比，拥有一定词汇量并结合上下文

则不难选出。

第13题:

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Chondritesarelesslikelytobediscoveredthanironmeteorites.

B.TheMundrabillameteoriteistheheaviestmeteoriteeverfallento

theEarth.

C.Maybetheworld，slargestsourceofmeteoritesistheNullarbor

Plain,Antarctic.

D.Theironvarietyaremosteasilyrecognizablemeteoritesbecause

theymakeupthelargestpartofallfalls.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

A细节题较难，A项正确,见最后一段"ButbecausetheyaresimiliartoEarth

materialsandthereforeerodeeasily,theyareoftendifficulttofind.”

而文章开门见山即指出铁质陨石虽仅占陨石总量约5%,都是"themosteasily

recognizablemeteorites,”据此也不难排除D,B项，文中从未提及Mundrabilla

是世界上现存最重的陨石。C项则错在最后一词"Antarctic"上。因而做细节

题须倍加细心！

第14题：

Whydoestheauthormentioncarbonaceouschondrites(Line4,Para4)?

A.Theyaremostlikelytobefoundwhole.

B.Theycomefromouterspace,evenoutofthesolarsysterm.

C.TheymayberelatedtotheoriginsoflifeonEarth.

D.Theymighthavemadeupthecoreofaplanetoid.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C见文章最后一句话:"Amongthemostancientbodies。・・thatmighthavebeen

theprecursorsoflifeonEarth."precursor"指“前驱、先驱、前辈”，

依构词法"pre-"及关键词"lifeonEarth"不难选出正确答案。

第15题：

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedtobe

responsibleforthepoorperservationofmeteoritesthatfalltoEarth?

A.Erosion

B.Impact

C.Sunkintosea

D.Temperature

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D细节题，较难。A项erosion实为陨石得以保存之最大敌人，绝大部分石质陨

石因为腐蚀难以找寻（最后一段）；B项（撞击）见第一段第6行“havethebest

chanceofsurvivinganimpact”若碎块太小则不易发现;C项最具干扰性，

事实上，降落到地球表面的绝大多数陨石均降入海洋（因为其面积的巨大优势，

在文中第三段南极洲一节也有过微弱暗示：“Whenmeteoritesfallonthe

continent..."；D项“温度”全文未有提及。

Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,theterm“icebox“hadenteredthe

Americanlanguage,buticewasstillonlybeginningtoaffectthediet

ofordinarycitizensintheUnitedStates.Theicetradegrewwiththe

growthofcities.Icewasusedinhotels,taverns,andhospitals,andby

someforward-lookingcitydealersinfreshmeat,freshfish,andbutter.

AftertheCivilWar（1861-1865）,asicewasusedtorefrigeratefreight

cars,italsocameintohouseholduse.Evenbefore1880,halftheicesold

inNewYork,Philadelphia,andBaltimore,andone-thirdofthatsoldin

BostonandChicago,wenttofamiliesfortheirownuse.Thishadbecome

possiblebecauseanewhouseholdconvenience,theicebox,aprecursorof

themodernrefrigerator,hadbeeninvented.

Makinganefficienticeboxwasnotaseasyaswemightnow

suppose.Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theknowledgeofthephysics

ofheat,whichwasessentialtoascienceofrefrigeration,was

rudimentary.Thecommonsensenotionthatthebesticeboxwasonethat

preventedtheicefrommeltingwasofcoursemistaken,foritwasthe

meltingoftheicethatperformedthecooling.Nevertheless,earlyefforts

toeconomizeiceincludedwrappingtheiceinblankets,whichkeptthe

icefromdoingitsjob.Notuntilneartheendofthenineteenthcentury

didinventorsachievethedelicatebalanceofinsulationandcirculation

neededforanefficienticebox.

Butasearlyas1803,aningeniousMarylandfarmer,ThomasMoore,

hadbeenontherighttrack.Heownedafarmabouttwentymilesoutside

thecityofWashington,forwhichthevillageofGeorgetownwasthemarket

center.Whenheusedaniceboxofhisowndesigntotransporthisbutter

tomarket,hefoundthatcustomerswouldpassuptherapidlymeltingstuff

inthetubsofhiscompetitorstopayapremiumpriceforhisbutter,still

freshandhardinneat,one-poundbricks.Oneadvantageofhisicebox,

Mooreexplained,wasthatfarmerswouldnolongerhavetotraveltomarket

atnightinordertokeeptheirproductscool.

注释

rudimentary初步的；基本的premium保险费,额外费用

insulation隔离,绝缘refrigerator冰箱

commensense常识tub小圆桶

butter黄油

a

第16题:

What/sthepassagemainlytalkingabout?

A.theuseoficeintheunitedstates

B.theorigineoftheword“icebox”

C.thedevelopmentofrefrigerationin19thcentury

D.howtomakeanefficienticebox

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C这里考查考生对篇章整体内容的把握，文章由“icebox”一词引出“ice"在

美国人生活中用途的扩展概况，也交待了在现代“efficienticebox”出现前的

冷藏技术，但限于19世纪。比较各选项，可知C较切合。

第17题：

Inthefirstparagraph,someice“wenttofamiliesfortheirownuse”,

what'sthesentenceusedfor?

A.Itbegantoaffectthedietofthefamilies.

B.It'susedtorefrigeratorfreightgoods.

C.It'susedforhouseholduse.

D.It'susedtokeeptheirproductscool.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C细节题。在原文中，该句的前一句说“italsocameintohouseholduse.”，

而后面又解释成为可能的原因是“anewhouseholdconvenience,theicebox...

hadbeeninvented.vD项过于具体，并不全面。A、B与原文不符，C项是正确

的。

第18题：

In19thcentury,makinganefficienticeboxwasnotaseasyaswemight

nowsuppose,themainreasonwas______.

A.theknowledgeofthephysicsofheatwasinadequate.

B.thecommonsensenotionofthebesticeboxwaswrong.

C.earlyeffortswenttoawrongdirection.

D.themanof19thcenturywasnotascleveraswearenow.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

A这实际上也是对原文细节的解释，原文中说：^theknowledgeofthephysics

ofheat,whicewasessentialtoascienceofrefrigeration,was

rudimentary.关键就在于“rudimentary”这个词，其意思是初步的，未发展

的，这正是原因所在，B、C不如说是结果，D项本身有问题。

第19题：

Accordingtothepassage,theprecursorofthemodernrefrigeratorfirst

cameoutin.

A.1803

B.mid-nineteenthcentury

C.1865-1880

D.theendofnineteenthcentury

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C这是一道时间方面的推断题，文中虽无明文，但据上下文可以得到答案。A项

迷惑性较强，但文中说冰块1865后(Afterthecivilwar)才开始进入家用，在

1880年以前就有相当部分的冰块在用于此途，而这成为可能是因为“icebox”

的发明，它正是现代冰箱的先驱。

第20题:

Fromthispassagewecouldsaythat.

A.theingeniousfarmerThomasMoore,wastheinventoroficebox,which

wasaprecursorofmodernrefrigerator

B.onadvantageofhisicebox,ThomasMoorecouldmonopolythebutter

market.

C.byusingicebox,ThomasMooredefeatedallhiscompetitors.

D.theeffecttodevelopanefficienticeboxistomeettheneedof

refrigeration.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D这是一道推断题，要依据原文又不限于原文。A项与第4题呼应，构成较大迷

惑性，但它不合文中事实，B和C文中不曾提到，因此不能肯定，D可以说是一

项基本规律，也是通

Itistheyear2050,andAprilblizzardshavegrippedsouthernEngland

forthethirdsuccessiveyearwhileviolentstormsbattertheNorthSea

coast.TheGulfStream,whosewarmingwatersonceheatedourshores,has

longsincedisappeared,destroyedbyadelugepouringsouthfromthe

meltingArcticicecap.

IntheUnitedStates,muchofAlaskahasturnedintoaquagmire

aspermafrostandglaciersdisintegrate.InColorado,chairliftpylons

standrustinginthewarmdrizzle,remindersthatthenationonce

supportedabilliondollarskiindustry,whiletheremnantsofFlorida

aredeclaredAmerica，ssecondislandstate.

Africaisfaringbadly.ItscoastlinefromCairotoLagosis

completelyfoldedandmanyofthemajorcitieshavebeenabandoned.Tens

ofmillionsofpeoplehavebeenforcedtofleeandarestrugglingto

surviveinaparched,waterlessinterior.

InAsiathereissimilar,terrifyingpicture.Bangladeshis

almosttotallyinundatedandtheEastIndieshavebeenreducedtoafew

scrappyislands.Tensofmillionsstandonthebrinkofdeath.

Itisastartlingscenarioworthyofasciencefictiondisaster

film.Anditwouldbeeasytodismiss,wereitnotfortheuncomfortable

factthatthesevisionsaretheresultofrigorousscientificanalysis

bysomeoftheworld，smostdistinguishedclimatologists.

AstheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)points

outinitsrecentClimateChange2001report,globalwarmingislikely

totriggeracascadeofunpleasanteffects:elderlypeoplewillsuffer

anddieinsmoggy,pollutedcities；cropswillfail；andwildlifeand

livestockwillperishonascorchedandmiserableplanet.

Thatreportwasthecombinedworkofseveralthousandofthe

world，sleadingmeteorologicalexpertsandscientistswhoseviewsGeorge

Bushhasnowdismissedas“questionable”andwhoseworkincreatingthe

Kyotoprotocolhasbeenutterlyundone.

TheUSdecisiontopulloutoftheinternationalaccordon

climatechangehascausedpredictableinternationalalarm.Kyotomerely

pledgeddevelopedcountriestorestricttheirindustrialoutput."Itwas

anexcellentfirststeptowardsreversingclimatechange,“accordingto

SouthamptonUniversity，sprofessorNigelArnell.

Kyotowas,ineffect,astatementofintent.Theindustrial

nationswhichhad,afterall,initiatedtheproblemofglobalwarming,

wouldshowtheircommitmentbymakingthefirstcrucial,self-sacrificing

moves.ThentheThirdWorldcouldbedrawnin,andthefirstdecreases

incarbondioxideemissionsagreedoverthenextfewyears."Bushhasnow

madetheattainmentofthesenextcrucialstepsmuchmoredifficult,”

saysArnell.Infact,mostexpertsbelievehehasmadethemimpossible.

IftheWestwon，tact,whyshouldtherestoftheworld?（447）

1.blizzards［n.］暴风雪

2.deluge［n.］洪水，暴雨［v.］使泛滥，淹，浸，压倒

3.quagmire［n.］沼泽，湿地

4.permafrost［n.］［地］永久冻结带

5.chairlift送滑雪人上山的升降椅

6.pylons［n.］塔门,路标塔

7.rust［vt.］（使）生锈

8.remnants［n.］残余，剩余，零料，残迹［adj.］剩余的,残留的

9.inundate［v.］淹没

10.scrappy［adj.］细小的，碎屑的，（看似）零散的;杂乱无章的

11.scenario［n.］想定

12.cascade［n.］小瀑布，喷流

13.fare［vi.］遭遇，进展，进步，经营，过活

14.Kyotoprotocol《京都议定书》

第21题：

Whatisincorrectaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.TheblizzardshavegrippedsouthernEnglandfor3years.

B.TheblizzardswilltakeplaceinApril2050.

C.ViolentstormsbattertheNorthSeacoastinApril2050.

D.TheGulfStreamhasbeendestroyedbytheyear2050.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

B推断题。从文章第一段的内容可知其余三项都是对的。唯一没有提到的就是

暴风雪何时开始爆发的。故选择B。

第22题：

Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

A.in2050FloridawillbecomeAmerica'ssecondislandstate.

B.floodswilldestroythewholeAfrica

C.tensofmillionsofpeoplewilldiein2050.

D.globalwarmingwillleadtoacatastropheforthewholehumanworld.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D推断题。备选答案A、B、C在文中都是直接描述的，从这些可以推断出环境

的破坏都是由全球变暖引起的，全球变暖会导致人类世界的灾难。故选择D。

第23题：

Whatthefollowingstatementiscorrectaccordingtoparagraphfive?

A.Thesituationmentionedaboveisjustastartlingscenarioofa

disasterfilm.

B.Itisunnecessarytopaymuchattentiontotheimaginaryscenario.

C.Weshouldtreatthescenarioseriouslybecauseittheannalistic

resultoftheworld，smostdistinguishedclimatologists.

D.Theclimatologistswouldliketoproduceadisasterfilmaccording

totheirannalisticresult.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C推断题。第5段的“Anditwouldbeeasytodismiss,wereitnotfor

theuncomfortablefa