高中英语Unit5MusicSectionⅢGrammar-“介词关系代词”

SectionⅢGrammar——“介词＋关系代词”指引的定语从句语境自主领悟先察看原句后自主感悟1.Haveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert，atwhicheveryoneisclappingand1.例句1、3使用了“介词＋关系代词”指引appreciatingyourmusic？的定语从句，先行词分别是aconcert和2.Theymaystartasagroupofhigh-schoolperformances，指物，所以介词后的关系代students，forwhompractisingtheirmusic词用which。insomeone'shouseisthefirststepto2.例句2使用了“介词＋关系代词”指引的fame.定语从句，先行词是high-schoolstudents，3.Latertheymaygiveperformancesin指人，所以介词后的关系代词用whom。pubsorclubs，forwhichtheyarepaidin3.例句4使用了“代词＋介词＋关系代词”cash.指引的定语从句，先行词是music，指物，所4.Themusiciansweretoplayjokesoneach以介词后的关系代词用which。otheraswellasplaymusic，mostofwhichwasbasedlooselyontheBeatles.一、基本用法当关系代词在定语从句中充任介词的宾语时，能够用“介词＋关系代词”指引定语从句。假如先行词为人时，用“介词＋whom”；假如先行词为物时，用“介词＋which”。who和

that

不可以用于此构造。MyfatherworksinVolkswagen

，inwhich

theworkersarewellpaid.我爸爸在大众汽车企业工作，

那边的职工待遇优厚。

(inwhich指引非限制性定语从句，which

指物)TherecomesTom

，forwhomIhavebeenwaitingforanhour.汤姆来了，我等他等了一个小时了。[即时训练1]用适合的关系代词填空Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.②Heboughtmanynewspapersandmagazinesonwhichhespentalmostallhismoney.二、介词的选择1．依据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确立先行词常常是表示时间、地址、原由、方式等的词，它与介词之间有必定的联系。Doyoustillrememberthedaysduringwhichweworkedtogether?你还记得我们在一同工作的那些日子吗？2．依据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确立介词该动词或形容词常与某些介词组成固定搭配。Thesocialproblem

aboutwhich

thetwosidesaredebatingwitheachotherisaveryseriousone.(debatewithsb.about...

就与某人睁开争辩

)两方正在睁开争辩的社会问题是很严重的一个问题。3．依据句子的意思确立介词有些句子，先行词完整同样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要依据句子所要表达的意思采用不一样的介词。Waterisofgreatimportance，withoutwhichpeoplecannotlive.水是很重要的，没有它人们就没法生计。Thisisthebookaboutwhichyouhavetalkedtome.这是你以前给我谈起的那本书。ThisisthebookonthecoverofwhichthereisamapofChina.这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。[即时训练2]用适合的介词填空①Hisbrother，withwhomIwenttothepark，tookalotofpicturesthere.EnglishisoneofthemostinterestingsubjectsinwhichI'minterested.Hebrokehisglasses，withoutwhichhecan'tseeanything.三、“介词＋关系代词”与关系副词的替代在定语从句中若先行词为时间名词，地址名词或reason，“介词＋关系代词(which)”可用有关的关系副词when，where，why等替代。Thereasonforwhich(＝why)herefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.他拒绝邀请的原由还不清楚。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich(＝where)Iwasborn.我出生的那座城市发生了巨大变化。[即时训练3]句型变换IoftenthinkofthemomentwhenIsawtheUFO.IoftenthinkofthemomentatwhichIsawtheUFO.Thepolicesearchedthehouseinwhichthethiefhadstayed.Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed.③Idon'tknowthereasonforwhichheperformedbadly.→Idon'tknowthereasonwhyheperformedbadly.四、“介词＋关系代词”的特别用法1．“the＋名词＋

of＋关系代词”指引定语从句有时可用“whose＋名词”或“

of＋关系代词＋

the＋名词”替代。Thebuilding

，the

roof

ofwhich

wecanseefromhere，isahotel.

＝

Thebuilding

，whoseroof/ofwhichtheroof

wecanseefromhere

，isahotel.那幢大楼是一个旅店，从这儿我们能够看见它的屋顶。2．“名词/代词等＋介词＋关系代词”构造有时“介词＋关系代词”前会出现不定代词(all，both，none，neither，many，few，therest等)、数词(分数、百分数等)及“the＋最高等/比较级”等，用来表示部分、数量等意义。Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall，mostofwhomarefrombigcities.我们班共有四十名学生，大部分来自傲城市。3．“复杂介词＋关系代词”构造常用的复杂介词有

becauseof

，infrontof

，asaresultof

，atthebackof

等。Hewasbadlyhurtintheaccident

，becauseofwhich

hedidn'tgotowork.他在事故中严重受伤。所以，他没去上班。[名师点津

]介词不可以提早的状况有些固定动词短语中的介词一般不可以提早。

常有的这种动词短语有

listen

to，lookat，dependon

，lookfor

，payattentionto

，takecareof

，lookafter

，takepartin

，callon

，catchupwith

，getalongwith

，hearof

，lookforwardto

等。Thismustbethekey

thatsheis

lookingfor

.这必定是她正在找寻的那把钥匙。Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter.这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweheardof.我们常常讨论我们听闻的人和事。[即时训练4]达成句子①那位老人有3个儿子，他们都很关怀他。Theoldmanhasthreesons，allofwhomcareabouthim.②他们在窗户朝南的实验室里做实验。Theydoexperimentsinalab，thewindowsofwhich/ofwhichthewindows/whosewindowsfacesouth.③他们到达一座田舍，田舍前面坐着一个男孩。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse，infrontofwhichsataboy.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Fiftystudentstookpartinthefinalexam，onlyoneofwhomdidn'tpasstheexam.2．Wehadameeting，thepurposeofwhichwascompletelyunclear.3．Doyouknowtheladywithwhomourmanageristalkingintheoffice?4．YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.5．We'dbetterfixadateonwhichwewillpracticespeakingEnglishnextweek.6．Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks，nearlyhalfofwhichwerepublishedinthe1990s.7．Thisisthereasonforwhichhehasbeenremoved.8．ThisisthefarmonwhichIstudiedtheinsectsthreeyearsago.9．Hewrotealetterinwhichheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.10．Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool，afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”达成以下句子1．我永久都不会忘掉入党的日子。I'llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty．2．父亲给了我一些额外的钱，用这些钱我买了一些书。Myfathergavemesomeextramoney，withwhichIboughtsomebooks．