2023-2023年全套英语考研真题及答案

2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranisEQ\X\BO(大1家)tosayitanyway.HeisthatEQ\X\BO(大2家)bird,ascientistwhoworksindependentlyEQ\X\BO(大3家)anyinstitution.HehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnotEQ\X\BO(大4家)thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.EQ\X\BO(大5家)he,however,mighttrembleattheEQ\X\BO(大6家)ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonlyEQ\X\BO(大7家)thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.ThegroupinEQ\X\BO(大8家)areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,EQ\X\BO(大9家)12-15pointsabovetheEQ\X\BO(大10家)valueof100,andhavecontributedEQ\X\BO(大11家)totheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,astheEQ\X\BO(大12家)oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,EQ\X\BO(大13家).Theyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,EQ\X\BO(大14家),havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.TheformerhasbeenEQ\X\BO(大15家)tosocialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionofEQ\X\BO(大16家)education.Thelatterwasseenasa(an)EQ\X\BO(大17家)ofgeneticisolation.Dr.CochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddiseasesareintimatelyEQ\X\BO(大18家).HisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehasEQ\X\BO(大19家)themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthisEQ\X\BO(大20家)stateofaffairs.1. [A]selected [B]prepared [C]obliged [D]pleased2. [A]unique [B]particular [C]special [D]rare3. [A]of [B]with [C]in [D]against4. [A]subsequently [B]presently [C]previously [D]lately5. [A]Only [B]So [C]Even [D]Hence6. [A]thought [B]sight [C]cost [D]risk7. [A]advises [B]suggests [C]protests [D]objects8. [A]progress [B]fact [C]need [D]question9. [A]attaining [B]scoring [C]reaching [D]calculating10. [A]normal [B]common [C]mean [D]total11. [A]unconsciously [B]disproportionately[C]indefinitely [D]unaccountably12. [A]missions [B]fortunes [C]interests [D]careers13. [A]affirm [B]witness [C]observe [D]approve14. [A]moreover [B]therefore [C]however [D]meanwhile15. [A]givenup [B]gotover [C]carriedon [D]putdown16. [A]assessing [B]supervising [C]administering [D]valuing17. [A]development [B]origin [C]consequence [D]instrument18. [A]linked [B]integrated [C]woven [D]combined19. [A]limited [B]subjected [C]converted [D]directed20. [A]paradoxical [B]incompatible [C]inevitable [D]continuousSectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.21. Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?(A)[A]Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen.[C]Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.22. Dr.Yehuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomen(D)[A]needextradosesofchemicalstohandlestress.[B]havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.[C]aremorecapableofavoidingstress.[D]areexposedtomorestress.23. AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe(C)[A]domesticandtemporary.[B]irregularandviolent.[C]durableandfrequent.[D]trivialandrandom.24. Thesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”(Line6,Para.5)showsthat(B)[A]Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.[B]Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.[C]Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.[D]Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.25. Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?(D)[A]StrainofStress:NoWayOut?[B]ResponsestoStress:GenderDifference[C]StressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay[D]GenderInequality:WomenUnderStressText2Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirresearchtoajournal.Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthors’namesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandsendittotheirpeersforreview.Dependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublisher,andresearchersseekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhavetosubscribetothejournal.Nolonger.TheInternet–andpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment-fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit–ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)hasjustissuedareportdescribingthefar-reachingconsequencesofthis.Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublicinvestmentinresearchdepends,inpart,uponwidedistributionandreadyaccess.Itisbigbusiness.InAmerica,thecorescientificpublishingmarketisestimatedatbetween$7billionand$11billion.TheInternationalAssociationofScientific,TechnicalandMedicalPublisherssaysthattherearemorethan2,000publishersworldwidespecializinginthesesubjects.Theypublishmorethan1.2millionarticleseachyearinsome16,000journals.Thisisnowchanging.AccordingtotheOECDreport,some75%ofscholarlyjournalsarenowonline.Entirelynewbusinessmodelsareemerging;threemainoneswereidentifiedbythereport’sauthors.Thereistheso-calledbigdeal,whereinstitutionalsubscriberspayforaccesstoacollectionofonlinejournaltitlesthroughsite-licensingagreements.Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished.Finally,thereareopen-accessarchives,whereorganizationssuchasuniversitiesorinternationallaboratoriessupportinstitutionalrepositories.Othermodelsexistthatarehybridsofthesethree,suchasdelayedopen-access,wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit.Allthiscouldchangethetraditionalformofthepeer-reviewprocess,atleastforthepublicationofpapers.26. Inthefirstparagraph,theauthordiscusses(D)[A]thebackgroundinformationofjournalediting.[B]thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryreports.[C]therelationsofauthorswithjournalpublishers.[D]thetraditionalprocessofjournalpublication.27. WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDreport?(C)[A]Itcriticizesgovernment-fundedresearch.[B]Itintroducesaneffectivemeansofpublication.[C]Itupsetsprofit-makingjournalpublishers.[D]Itbenefitsscientificresearchconsiderably.28. Accordingtothetext,onlinepublicationissignificantinthat(A)[A]itprovidesaneasieraccesstoscientificresults.[B]itbringshugeprofitstoscientificresearchers.[C]itemphasizesthecrucialroleofscientificknowledge.[D]itfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientificresearch.29. Withtheopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorofapaperisrequiredto(A)[A]coverthecostofitspublication.[B]subscribetothejournalpublishingit.[C]allowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely.[D]completethepeer-reviewbeforesubmission.30. Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthetext?(B)[A]TheInternetisposingathreattopublishers.[B]Anewmodeofpublicationisemerging.[C]Authorswelcomethenewchannelforpublication.[D]Publicationisrenderedeasierbyonlineservice.Text3Intheearly1960sWiltChamberlainwasoneofonlythreeplayersintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)listedatoversevenfeet.Ifhehadplayedlastseason,however,hewouldhavebeenoneof42.Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalsportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.Thetrendinsports,though,maybeobscuringanunrecognizedreality:Americanshavegenerallystoppedgrowing.Thoughtypicallyabouttwoinchestallernowthan140yearsago,today’speople–especiallythoseborntofamilieswhohavelivedintheU.S.formanygenerations–apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.Andtheyaren’tlikelytogetanytaller.“Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgenetic,environmentallevel,we’veprettymuchgoneasfaraswecango,”saysanthropologistWilliamCameronChumleaofWrightStateUniversity.InthecaseofNBAplayers,theirincreaseinheightappearstoresultfromtheincreasinglycommonpracticeofrecruitingplayersfromallovertheworld.Growth,whichrarelycontinuesbeyondtheageof20,demandscaloriesandnutrients–notably,protein–tofeedexpandingtissues.Atthestartofthe20thcentury,under-nutritionandchildhoodinfectionsgotintheway.Butasdietandhealthimproved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightbyaboutaninchandahalfevery20years,apatternknownastheseculartrendinheight.YetaccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,averageheight–5′9″formen,5′4″forwomen–hasn’treallychangedsince1960.Geneticallyspeaking,thereareadvantagestoavoidingsubstantialheight.Duringchildbirth,largerbabieshavemoredifficultypassingthroughthebirthcanal.Moreover,eventhoughhumanshavebeenuprightformillionsofyears,ourfeetandbackcontinuetostrugglewithbipedalpostureandcannoteasilywithstandrepeatedstrainimposedbyoversizelimbs.“Therearesomerealconstraintsthataresetbythegeneticarchitectureoftheindividualorganism,”saysanthropologistWilliamLeonardofNorthwesternUniversity.Geneticmaximumscanchange,butdon’texpectthistohappensoon.ClaireC.Gordon,senioranthropologistattheArmyResearchCenterinNatick,Mass.,ensuresthat90percentoftheuniformsandworkstationsfitrecruitswithoutalteration.Shesaysthat,unlikethoseforbasketball,thelengthofmilitaryuniformshasnotchangedforsometime.Andifyouneedtopredicthumanheightinthenearfuturetodesignapieceofequipment,Gordonsaysthatbyandlarge,“youcouldusetoday’sdataandfeelfairlyconfident.”31. WiltChamberlainiscitedasanexampleto(A)[A]illustratethechangeofheightofNBAplayers.[B]showthepopularityofNBAplayersintheU.S..[C]comparedifferentgenerationsofNBAplayers.[D]assesstheachievementsoffamousNBAplayers.32. Whichofthefollowingplaysakeyroleinbodygrowthaccordingtothetext?(C)[A]Geneticmodification.[B]Naturalenvironment.[C]Livingstandards.[D]Dailyexercise.33. Onwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?(B)[A]Non-Americansaddtotheaverageheightofthenation.[B]Humanheightisconditionedbytheuprightposture.[C]Americansarethetallestonaverageintheworld.[D]Largerbabiestendtobecometallerinadulthood.34. Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinthenearfuture(D)[A]thegarmentindustrywillreconsidertheuniformsize.[B]thedesignofmilitaryuniformswillremainunchanged.[C]genetictestingwillbeemployedinselectingsportsmen.[D]theexistingdataofhumanheightwillstillbeapplicable.35. Thetextintendstotellusthat(C)[A]thechangeofhumanheightfollowsacyclicpattern.[B]humanheightisbecomingevenmorepredictable.[C]Americanshavereachedtheirgeneticgrowthlimit.[D]thegeneticpatternofAmericanshasaltered.Text4In1784,fiveyearsbeforehebecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates,GeorgeWashington,52,wasnearlytoothless.Sohehiredadentisttotransplantnineteethintohisjaw–havingextractedthemfromthemouthsofhisslaves.That’safardifferentimagefromthecherry-tree-choppingGeorgemostpeoplerememberfromtheirhistorybooks.Butrecently,manyhistorianshavebeguntofocusontherolesslaveryplayedinthelivesofthefoundinggeneration.TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemadeavailablein1998,whichalmostcertainlyprovedThomasJeffersonhadfatheredatleastonechildwithhisslaveSallyHemings.Andonlyoverthepast30yearshavescholarsexaminedhistoryfromthebottomup.Worksofseveralhistoriansrevealthemoralcompromisesmadebythenation’searlyleadersandthefragilenatureofthecountry’sinfancy.Moresignificantly,theyarguethatmanyoftheFoundingFathersknewslaverywaswrong–andyetmostdidlittletofightit.Morethananything,thehistorianssay,thefounderswerehamperedbythecultureoftheirtime.WhileWashingtonandJeffersonprivatelyexpresseddistasteforslavery,theyalsounderstoodthatitwaspartofthepoliticalandeconomicbedrockofthecountrytheyhelpedtocreate.Foronething,theSouthcouldnotaffordtopartwithitsslaves.Owningslaveswas“likehavingalargebankaccount,”saysWiencek,authorofAnImperfectGod:GeorgeWashington,HisSlaves,andtheCreationofAmerica.ThesouthernstateswouldnothavesignedtheConstitutionwithoutprotectionsforthe“peculiarinstitution,”includingaclausethatcountedaslaveasthreefifthsofamanforpurposesofcongressionalrepresentation.Andthestatesmen’spoliticallivesdependedonslavery.Thethree-fifthsformulahandedJeffersonhisnarrowvictoryinthepresidentialelectionof1800byinflatingthevotesofthesouthernstatesintheElectoralCollege.Onceinoffice,JeffersonextendedslaverywiththeLouisianaPurchasein1803;thenewlandwascarvedinto13states,includingthreeslavestates.Still,JeffersonfreedHemings’schildren–thoughnotHemingsherselforhisapproximately150otherslaves.Washington,whohadbeguntobelievethatallmenwerecreatedequalafterobservingthebraveryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethestrongoppositionofhisrelativestogranthisslavestheirfreedominhiswill.Onlyadecadeearlier,suchanactwouldhaverequiredlegislativeapprovalinVirginia.36. GeorgeWashington’sdentalsurgeryismentionedto(D)[A]showtheprimitivemedicalpracticeinthepast.[B]demonstratethecrueltyofslaveryinhisdays.[C]stresstheroleofslavesintheU.S.history.[D]revealsomeunknownaspectofhislife.37. Wemayinferfromthesecondparagraphthat(B)[A]DNAtechnologyhasbeenwidelyappliedtohistoryresearch.[B]initsearlydaystheU.S.wasconfrontedwithdelicatesituations.[C]historiansdeliberatelymadeupsomestoriesofJefferson’slife.[D]politicalcompromisesareeasilyfoundthroughouttheU.S.history.38. WhatdowelearnaboutThomasJefferson?(C)[A]Hispoliticalviewchangedhisattitudetowardsslavery.[B]Hisstatusasafathermadehimfreethechildslaves.[C]Hisattitudetowardsslaverywascomplex.[D]Hisaffairwithaslavestainedhisprestige.39. Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?(A)[A]SomeFoundingFathersbenefitpoliticallyfromslavery.[B]Slavesintheolddaysdidnothavetherighttovote.[C]Slaveownersusuallyhadlargesavingsaccounts.[D]Slaverywasregardedasapeculiarinstitution.40. Washington’sdecisiontofreeslavesoriginatedfromhis(B)[A]moralconsiderations.[B]militaryexperience.[C]financialconditions.[D]politicalstand.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41—45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Thetimeforsharpeningpencils,arrangingyourdesk,anddoingalmostanythingelseinsteadofwritinghasended.Thefirstdraftwillappearonthepageonlyifyoustopavoidingtheinevitableandsit,standup,orliedowntowrite.(41)是大家网原创出品Beflexible.Youroutlineshouldsmoothlyconductyoufromonepointtothenext,butdonotpermitittorailroadyou.Ifarelevantandimportantideaoccurstoyounow,workitintothedraft.(42)是大家网原创出品Grammar,punctuation,andspellingcanwaituntilyourevise.Concentrateonwhatyouaresaying.Goodwritingmostoftenoccurswhenyouareinhotpursuitofanidearatherthaninanervoussearchforerrors.(43)是大家网原创出品Yourpageswillbeeasiertokeeptrackofthatway,and,ifyouhavetoclipaparagraphtoplaceitelsewhere,youwillnotloseanywritingontheotherside.Ifyouareworkingonawordprocessor,youcantakeadvantageofitscapacitytomakeadditionsanddeletionsaswellasmoveentireparagraphsbymakingjustafewsimplekeyboardcommands.Somesoftwareprogramscanalsocheckspellingandcertaingrammaticalelementsinyourwriting.(44)是大家网原创出品Theseprintoutsarealsoeasiertoreadthanthescreenwhenyouworkonrevisions.Onceyouhaveafirstdraftonpaper,youcandeletematerialthatisunrelatedtoyourthesisandaddmaterialnecessarytoillustrateyourpointsandmakeyourpaperconvincing.Thestudentwhowrote“TheA&PasaStateofMind”wiselydroppedaparagraphthatquestionedwhetherSammydisplayschauvinisticattitudestowardwomen.(45)是大家网原创出品Rememberthatyourinitialdraftisonlythat.Youshouldgothroughthepapermanytimes–andthenagain–workingtosubstantiateandclarifyyourideas.Youmayevenendupwithseveralentireversionsofthepaper.Rewrite.Thesentenceswithineachparagraphshouldberelatedtoasingletopic.Transitionsshouldconnectoneparagraphtothenextsothattherearenoabruptorconfusingshifts.Awkwardorwordyphrasingorunclearsentencesandparagraphsshouldbemercilesslypokedandproddedintoshape.[A] Tomakerevisingeasier,leavewidemarginsandextraspacebetweenlinessothatyoucaneasilyaddwords,sentences,andcorrections.Writeononlyonesideofthepaper.[B] Afteryouhaveclearlyandadequatelydevelopedthebodyofyourpaper,payparticularattentiontotheintroductoryandconcludingparagraphs.It’sprobablybesttowritetheintroductionlast,afteryouknowpreciselywhatyouareintroducing.Concludingparagraphsdemandequalattentionbecausetheyleavethereaderwithafinalimpression.[C] It’sworthremembering,however,thatthoughacleancopyfreshoffaprintermaylookterrific,itwillreadonlyaswellasthethinkingandwritingthathavegoneintoit.Manywritersprudentlystoretheirdataondisksandprinttheirpageseachtimetheyfinishadrafttoavoidlosinganymaterialbecauseofpowerfailuresorotherproblems.[D] Itmakesnodifferencehowyouwrite,justsoyoudo.Nowthatyouhavedevelopedatopicintoatentativethesis,youcanassembleyournotesandbegintofleshoutwhateveroutlineyouhavemade.[E] Althoughthisisaninterestingissue,ithasnothingtodowiththethesis,whichexplainshowthesettinginfluencesSammy’sdecisiontoquithisjob.Insteadofincludingthatparagraph,sheaddedonethatdescribedLengel’scrabbedresponsetothegirlssothatshecouldleaduptotheA&P“policy”heenforces.[F] Inthefinalparagraphaboutthesignificanceofthesettingin“A&P,”thestudentbringstogetherthereasonsSammyquithisjobbyreferringtohisrefusaltoacceptLengel’sstorepolicies.[G] Byusingthefirstdraftasameansofthinkingaboutwhatyouwanttosay,youwillverylikelydiscovermorethanyournotesoriginallysuggested.Plentyofgoodwritersdon’tuseoutlinesatallbutdiscoverorderingprinciplesastheywrite.Donotattempttocomposeaperfectlycorrectdraftthefirsttimearound.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)Inhisautobiography,Darwinhimselfspeaksofhisintellectualpowerswithextraordinarymodesty.Hepointsoutthathealwaysexperiencedmuchdifficultyinexpressinghimselfclearlyandconcisely,but(46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.Hedisclaimedthepossessionofanygreatquicknessofapprehensionorwit,suchasdistinguishedHuxley.(47)Heasserted,also,thathispowertofollowalongandpurelyabstracttrainofthoughtwasverylimited,forwhichreasonhefeltcertainthathenevercouldhavesucceededwithmathematics.Hismemory,too,hedescribedasextensive,buthazy.Sopoorinonesensewasitthathenevercouldrememberformorethanafewdaysasingledateoralineofpoetry.(48)Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptaswellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,whilehewasagoodobserver,hehadnopowerofreasoning.This,hethought,couldnotbetrue,becausethe“OriginofSpecies”isonelongargumentfromthebeginningtotheend,andhasconvincedmanyablemen.Noone,hesubmits,couldhavewrittenitwithoutpossessingsomepowerofreasoning.Hewaswillingtoassertthat“Ihaveafairshareofinvention,andofcommonsenseorjudgment,suchaseveryfairlysuccessfullawyerordoctormusthave,butnot,Ibelieve,inanyhigherdegree.”(49)Headdshumblythatperhapshewas“superiortothecommonrunofmeninnoticingthingswhicheasilyescapeattention,andinobservingthemcarefully.”Writinginthelastyearofhislife,heexpressedtheopinionthatintwoorthreerespectshismindhadchangedduringtheprecedingtwentyorthirtyyears.Uptotheageofthirtyorbeyonditpoetryofmanykindsgavehimgreatpleasure.Formerly,too,pictureshadgivenhimconsiderable,andmusicverygreat,delight.In1881,however,hesaid:“NowformanyyearsIcannotenduretoreadalineofpoetry.Ihavealsoalmostlostmytasteforpicturesormusic.”(50)Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossiblybeinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobablytothemoralcharacter.SectionIII WritingPartA51. Directions:YouhavejustcomebackfromCanadaandfoundamusicCDinyourluggagethatyouforgottoreturntoBob,yourlandlordthere.Writehimaletterto1)makeanapology,and2)suggestasolution.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB52. Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)2023年考研英语真题答案SectionI:UseofEnglish(10points)1. B2. D3. A4. C5. C6. A7. B8. D9. B10. C11. B12. D13. A14. C15. D16. D17. C18. A19. B20. ASectionII:ReadingComprehension(60points)PartA(40points)21. A22. D23. C24. B25. D26. D27. C28. A29. A30. B31. A32. C33. B34. D35. C36. D37. B38. C39. A40. BPartB(10points)41. D42. G43. A44. C45. EPartC(10points)46. 他认为或许正因为（语言表达上的）这种困难，他不得不对自己要说的每句话都经过长时间的认真思考，从而能发现自己在推理和观察中的错误，结果这反而成为他的优点。47. 他还坚持认为自己进行长时间纯抽象思维的能力十分有限，由此他也认定自己在数学方面根本不可能有大的作为。48. 另一方面，某些人批评他虽然善于观察，却不具备推理能力，而他认为这种说法也是缺乏根据的。49. 他又自谦的说，或许自己“在注意到容易被忽略的事物，并对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人”。50. 达尔文确信，没有了这些爱好不只是少了乐趣，而且可能会有损于一个人的思维能力，更有可能导致一个人道德品质的下降。SectionIII:Writing(30points)PartA(10points)51. 参考范文（略）PartB(20points)52. 参考范文应用文范文DearBob,Iamwritingtoexpres