人教版八年级上英语期末总复习单元知识点归类总结课件

2013年人教版八年级上英语期末总复习单元知识点归类总结课件(66页)2013新版八年级上册1-10分单元知识点归类总结Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?(谈论假期生活,一般过去时)Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?(谈论生活习惯,一般现在时)Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister(谈论事物对比,形容词比较级)Unit4What'sthebestmovietheater?(谈论事物比较,形容词最高级)Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?(谈论内心想法,一般现在时)Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.谈谈生活的目标,一般将来时Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?对将来生活的预言,一般将来时Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?描述进程祈使句Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?学习邀请,作出、接受和拒绝邀请,学习表请求的句子Unit10Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime.作出决定,学习if的条件状语从句Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?第一单元主要点:①复习一般过去时②复合不定代词的用法③反身代词的用法④系动词的用法⑤动词后的todo和doing的区别⑥ed形容词和ing形容词的区别⑦“近义词”的区别⑧本单元中的主谓一致现象⑨动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表⑩用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。⑾感叹句的结构和连词的选择。一、词组、短语1、goonvacation去度假,14、feellike感觉像……/想要,2、stayathome呆在家,15、goshopping购物,3、gotothemountains上山/进山,16、inthepast在过去,4、gotothebeach到海边去,17、walkaround绕……走,5、visitmuseums参观博物馆,18、toomany太多(可数名6、gotosummercamp去夏令营,词前面),7、quiteafew相当多,19、becauseof因为,8、studyfor为……学习,20、onebowlof一碗……,9、goout出去,21、findout查出来/发现,10、mostofthetime大部分时间/22、goon继续,23、takephotos照相,绝大多数时间,11、tastegood尝起来味道好,24、somethingimportant重12、haveagoodtime玩的开心,要的事情,13、ofcourse当然可以,25、upanddown上上下下,26、comeup出来二、重要句子(语法):Wheredidyougoonvacation?你到哪里去度假了?IwenttoNewYorkCity.我去了纽约城Didyougooutwithanyone你出去带人吗?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.不,没有人在这儿大家度去度假了。Didyoubuyanythingspecial?你买了什么特别的东西吗?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.对,我给父亲买了一些东西。Howwasthefood?食物怎么样?Everythingtastedreallygood.每一样东西真的都好吃。Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?大家玩的开心吗?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.对,一切都很精彩。三、习惯用法、搭配1.buysth.forab./buysb.sth为某人买某物2.taste+adj.尝起来……3.nothing….but+V.原形除了……之外什么都没有4.seem+tobe+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做…….呢?15.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……16.tellsb.nottodosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事17.keepdoingsth继续做某事/一直做某事18.forgettodosth忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事四、词语辨析:1)something,anything,nothing,everything是指物的不定代词。somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody,everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere是指地点的不定副词。2)当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放于其后;somethingspecial;somewherewonderful.3)不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:Iseverybodyhere?大家都到齐了吗?4)something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中,而anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如:Didyoudoanythinginteresting?你做了有趣的事吗?(表疑问)Whydon’tyouvisitsomeonewithme?你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢?(表建议)Ifanythinghappens,pleasetellme.如果有事情发生,请告诉我。注:地点副词home,here,there前介词省略)辨析:1.getto/reach/arrive都是“到达“的意思getto+地点reach+地点arriveat+地点(小)arrivein+地点(大)注意:若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等,则不需要加介词。2.nothingbutdosth.意为“除之外;只有”,如:IhavenothingtodobutwatchTValldaylong.我整天除了看电视什么也没干。3.feellike意为:“感受到;摸起来”,后跟宾语从句或名词。如:IfeltlikeIwasabird.我感觉我是一只鸟。Itfeelslikeastone.它摸起来像一块石头。另外,构成短语feellikedoingsth.意为“想做某事”。如:Ifeellikeeating.我想吃东西。4.enjoydoingsth喜欢做…;乐意做…enjoyoneself过得愉快havefun/haveagoodtime.5.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的n:奇迹;令人惊讶的事情如:Nowonder!难怪;不足为奇!v惊讶如:wonderatsth;wondertodosth感到疑惑;想知道如:Iwonderwheretheyaregoing.6.few与little的区别:辨析:quiteafew与quitealittle肯定否许多quiteafew意为“很多;不少”,修饰可数名词复数;定quitealittle意为“很多;不少”,修饰不可数名afewquiteafew/not可词。fewafew数a.Hestaysherefor_______________daysb.Thereis_______________waterinthealittlquitealittle/不可bottle瓶子.littleenotalittle数7.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.仍然没有人感到烦闷。1)seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”,是个连系动词,构成的短语有:seemtodosth.好像做某事如:Theyseemtowaitforyou他们似乎在等你。seem(tobe)+adj.似乎如:Heseemedtobeillyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。Itseemsthat+从句似乎如:Itseemsthathewasillyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。其他的系动词有:be;feel觉得);keep(保持);stay(保持);look(看来);smell(闻起来)sound(听起来……)taste(尝起来……)2)boredadj,意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人;boringadj,意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。如:Igotboredwiththeboringwork我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有:interested/tired/excited/amazed/surprisedinteresting/tiring/exciting/amazing/surprising辨析:bring与takebring意为“带来;拿来”,指从别处带到说话者所在地。take意为“拿走;带走”,指从说话者所在地带到别处去。8.decide(v)决定decidetonotdosth.makeadecisionnottodosthdecisionndecideondoingsth决定做某事如:LiLeihasdecidedtogotoBeijing李雷已经决定去北京。9.Becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow1)becauseof+名词/代词/名短Ihadtomovebecauseofmyjob.因为工作的原因because+从句如:IdoitbecauseIlikeit.我做这件事是因为我喜欢2)below意为“在下面;低于”,其反义词为above,意为“在上面;高于”10.enough1形容词/副词+enough如:wet/quietlyenough足够漂亮enough+名词如:enoughumbrellas足够的雨伞2形/副+enough+名todosth.足够…去做…如:IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。Sheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool她年龄不够,不能去上学。同义句:Sheistooyoungtogotoschooltoo…to…:太…而不能…Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschoolmostofthetime意为“大部分时间”,其中most为代词,意为“大部分;大多数”。拓展mostof…意为“……中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于mostof后所修饰的名词。a.Mostofus_____begoingtothepark.我们大多数人要去公园。b.Mostofthefood_____gobad.大部分的食物都变质了。11.如此…以致于(结果)MylegsweresotiredthatIwantedtostop我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。(P8)so+形/副+that从句:Sheissopopularthateveryonelikeshersuch+名短+that从句:Sheissuchapopulargirlthateveryonelikesher.1.Heis____lovelyaboy____welovehimverymuch.2.Thelittleboyis__youngthathecan’tgotoschool12.sothat从句:以便(目的)如:Hegetsupearlysothathecancatchtheearlybus.13.Myclassmatestoldmetokeepgoing,soIwenton.我的同学告诉我坚持往前走,因此我便继续前进了(P8)1)tellsb.nottodosth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事。Theteacher________________________thewindowjustnow.老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户。2)keepdoingsth.意为“继续做某事,一直做某事”。She____________TVfortwohourslastnight.昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视。14.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!一天的差异多大啊!常用的感叹句的结构:1)What+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语!2)What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3)How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!4)How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!eg:1.Whataninterestingbookitis!Howinterestingabookis!那本书多么有趣啊!2.____aclevergirlsheis!A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Where3._____cleveragirlsheis!A.Who//0>.D.Where4._____importantjobstheydid!A.WhatB.WhoC.HowD.Where5._____sweetwateritis!A.WhoB.WhatC.WhereD.How6._____interestingthedogis!A.WhoB.WhatC.WhereD.How建议的句式:①What/howabout+doingsth如:What/Howaboutgoingshopping②Whydon’tyou+dosth如:Whydon’tyougoshopping③Whynot+dosth如:Whynotgoshopping④Let’s+dosth如:Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth如:Shallwe/Igoshopping?应答语:接受:Certainly,Sure,/Yes,I'dloveto.拒绝:I'dloveto.ButWhynotI'msorryI'mafraidnotGoodidea!/Sure!OK!/Allright!I'mafraidIcan'tGreat!/That'sgreat./SoundsgreatSorry,Ican't.15.反身代词:myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,dress,kill等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身HeisteachinghimselfEnglish.她在自学英语。Shewastalkingtoherself.她自言自语。Helivesbyhimselfinthecountry.他独自住在乡下。1Helpyourself!请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧!2Makeyourselfathome!别客气!3makeyourselfheard/understood.使你的话被人听得见/理解4teachoneself自学learnbyoneself5byoneself独自6foroneself为自己;替自己7enjoyoneself玩的愉快8dressoneself给自己穿衣.16Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.因为人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。(P5)1)waitfor意为“等候”,其后可接人或物。Tomwaswaitingforabusoverthere.2)over介词,意为“多于;超过”,相当于morethan。Eg:Myfatherisover40yearsoldThereareovereighthundredstudentsinourschool3toomany意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数。Healwayshastoomanyquestionstoaskme.辨析:toomany+可数名词复数意为“太多”toomuch+不可数名词意为“太多”muchtoo+形容词意为“太”eg:Ihavehomeworktodotoday.Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?一、词组、短语:16、atleast至少,17、gotobedearly早睡,1、helpwithhousework帮助做家务活,18、playsports锻炼身体,2、goshopping购物,3、onweekends在周末,19、begoodfor对…有好处,4、howoften多久一次,20、gocamping去野营,5、hardlyever几乎不,21、inone’sfreetime在某人的6、onceaweek每周一次,空闲时间,7、twiceamonth每月二次,22、not….atall根本不,8、gotothemovies去看电影,9、everyday每天,23、themostpopular最流行,10、usetheInternet上网/用网,24、suchas例如,11、befree有空,25、gotothedentist去看牙医,12、havedanceandpianolessons上舞26、morethan超过/多于,蹈钢琴课,27、Oldhabitsdiehard.旧习惯13、swingdance摇摆舞14、playtennis打网球,难改。15、stayuplate熬夜,28、harddifficult困难的,29、lessthan少于/不到二、重要句子(语法):Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?你周末通常做什么?Ialwaysexercise.总是锻炼身体。Whatdotheydoonweekends?他们周末干什么?Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.他们经常帮助干家务活。Whatdoesshedoonweekends?她周末干什么?Shesometimesgoesshopping.她有时购物。Howoftendoyougotothemovies?你多久看电影一次?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.可能一个月看一次。HowoftendoeshewatchTV?他多久看电视一次?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.他几乎不看电视。Doyougoshopping?你购物吗?No,Inevergoshopping.不,我从来就不购物。三、习惯用法、搭配1.helpsb.withsth帮助某人做某事2.Howabout…?Whatabout…….怎么样?/….好不好?3.wantsb.todosth想让某人做某事4.Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句….有多少…5.主语+find+that从句…发现…6.It’s+adj.+todosth做某事是….的7.spendtimewithsb和某人一起度过时光8.asksb.aboutsth向某人询问某事9.bydoingsth通过做某事10.What’syourfavorite…你最喜欢的……是什么?11startdoingsth开始做某事12.thebestwaytodosth做某事的最好方式四、词语辨析1.exercise(v/n)的用法1)(动):锻炼.如:Heexerciseseveryday.2可数名词“操;练习”.如:domorning/eyeexercises;domathexercises不可数名词:“锻炼;运动”讲:如:Weoftendo/takeexerciseonweekends.2.辨析:sometimes,sometimes,sometime,sometimesometimes有时候。attimes也是“有时”的意思。提问用howoftensometimes几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解;表示“时间”时是不可数名词。Howmangtimessometime某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。提问用whensometime一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用howlong。口诀记忆:分开“一段时间”;相聚“某个时候”。Eg:SometimesIgetupverylate有时我起床很晚。Iwillgotoshanghaisometimenextweek下周某个时候我要去上海。Hereadsthestorysometimes他读这个故事几遍了。I’llstayhereforsometime我将会在这儿呆一段时间。练习:①WeplantostayinHainanfor我们打算在海南呆一段时间。②Iamsurethatwehavemet_____before.我肯定我们之前见过几次了。③I_____________havelettersfromhim有时我会收到他的来信。3.hardlyever几乎不hardlyever相当于hardlyeg:Thereishardlyanyfoodleft.几乎没有食物剩下。辨析:hardly与hardhardly几乎不,一般位于动词之前。hard形容词/副词,努力,位于动词之后。eg:Hehardlyworks他几乎不工作。Heworkshard他工作努力。艰苦,hardwork4.辨析:maybe和maybemaybeadv:也许,大概(一般放句首)Maybehemaybeknowsitmay+v原:也许是,大概是“情态动词+be动词”结构。(位于句中)Hemayknowit.如:Maybeheisathome.Hemaybeisathome.Hemaybeathome1.LilyanEnglishteacherLily可能是一名英语老师。________________________________________5.howoften表示“多久一次”,是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有:频率副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever,neverhowoften次数+时间段:如:onceortwiceaweekevery+时间段:everyday每天区别:everyday(每天的;日常的)注意:表示“一次或两次”时,一般用once和twice表示。如:onceamonth一个月一次而表示“三次或以上”时,则用“数词+times”结构。如:fivetimesayear一年五次由how构成的疑问词组的用法(1)howmany+可数名词复数如:howmanyprogramshowmuch+不可数名词。如:howmuchcoffee但howmuchwhat’sthepriceof还有“多少钱”的意思如:Howmucharethosepants?2howmanytimes:“多少次”其答语表示次数。如:once,twice,threetimes等3Howold?询问年龄如:HowoldareyouIamfive.4多久时间常用fortwodays,forthreehours等回答。多长(某物的长度)如:---Howlongistheriver---10kms5howsoon用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是intwohours,inthreedays等。如:Howsoonwilhecomeback?Inanhour。6.full“满的;饱的”…befullof…:Thebottleisfullofwater.瓶子里装满了水。“忙的”busyHehadafulllifen惊讶:toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是insurprise惊讶地7surprisebesurprisedatsth对…感到意外v使惊奇、意外:besurprisedtodosth惊讶做某事besurprisedthat+从句如:IwassurprisedatthenewsIwassurprisedtohearthenews.8.twentypercentstudentsdon’texerciseatall…百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。①.百分数由percent来表示,构成:基数词+percent。Eg:Seventypercentoftheboyslikeplayingcomputergames.男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。②notatall意为“一点儿也不,根本不”。Eg:Idon’tknowaboutitatall对那件事我一点也不知道。拓展:notatallyouarewelcome意为“不用谢,不客气”。Eg:--Thankyouforyourhelp--Notatall.Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目,但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。although连词。意为“虽然,尽管”。but意为“但是”。英语中,although与but不能同时使用。Eg:Althoughitrained,theboysstillplayedoutside.Itrained,buttheboysstillplayedoutside尽管天下雨了,但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。1.Mycousinknowsalotaboutgeography,______heisonlyfouryearsold.A.becauseB.soC.although7.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.她说那对我的健康有益。(1)begoodfor:“对……有好处”。如:Doingexerciseisgoodforourhealth.(2)begoodat:“擅长于……”如:Heisgoodatplayingfootball3begoodwith:“与……相处好”如:Theteacherisgoodwithhisstudents.9.It’sgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshowsby+doingHelearnsEnglishbysingingEnglishsongs通过…方式Hewenthomebybus.HewenthomeonthebusHetookthebushome.through通过…方式+名词:Thebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise(从…里面)穿过:Climbthroughthewindow注意:横过(从一边到另一边)walkacrossthestreet10suchaslike+名短:如:suchaswinningthegame.例如forexample+句子:如:It’shealthyforthemindandthebody度过(时间)如:spendtheweekendwithfamily11.spend花费(时间、钱)如:Hespent20yuaninbuyingthemagazine.同义句:Hespent20yuanonthemagazineHepaid20yuanforthemagazineIttookhim20yuantobuythemagazineThemagazinecosthim20yuan.重点:①spendtime\moneyonsth在上花费时间或金钱Hedidn’tspendmuchtimeonhishomework他没在作业方面花很多时间。Ispend200yuanonanewcoat②spendtime\money(in)doingsth.花费时间或金钱做某事Don’tspendtoomuchtimewatchingTV不要花费太多时间看电视。HealwaysspendhistimeplayingfootballEg:Ienjoyplayingcomputergames,butIcan’ttoomuchtimethat.A.take,doingB.spend,doing\C.spend,fordoingD.take,todo12.but和howeverbut并列连词“然而,但是”。可直接连接前后两个句子,表转折关系。However副词“然而,但是”。不能直接连接句子,必须用逗号与句子隔开。Eg:1.Itbegantorain,,wewentouttolookfortheboy天开始下雨了,但我们还是出去寻找那个男孩了。2.It'sasunnymorning,verycold这是个晴朗的早晨,但是却很冷。afraid意为“担心的,害怕的”。①.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事Eg:Iamafraidtotravelbyplane.我害怕乘飞机旅行。②.beafraidofsb.\sth害怕某人\某物beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事Eg:Sheisafraidofthedog她害怕那只狗。Don’tbeafraidofaskingquestions不要怕问问题。beafraidtodosth._______________害怕做某事13.find+宾语+名词,发现:Wehavefoundhimtobeagoodboyfind+宾语+形容词,发现:Hefoundtheroomdirtyfind+宾语+现在分词,发现:Ifoundherstandingatthedoorfind+it+形容词+todosth.IfounditdifficulttoworkoutthismathproblemUnit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister一、词组、短语:16.reachfor伸手达到/达到1.moreoutgoing更外向/更开朗,17.touchone’sheart感动,2.asas与……一样,notas/soas.与..不一18.infact事实上,样19.makefriends交朋友,3.thesingingcompetition歌咏比赛,20.begoodat在某方面成绩好,4.themostimportant最重要的,21.theother另一个,5.betalentedinmusic在音乐方面有天赋,22.besimilarto对…熟悉,6.thesameas与……相同23.begoodwith与…和睦相处7.careabout关心/留意/关注,24primaryschoolstudents小学8.bedifferentfrom与…不同,生9.belikeamirror像一面镜子,25.callformoreinformation打电10.apieceofinformation一则信息话询问更多信息11.haveincommon有共同特征26.makesblaugh让某人发笑12.thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛27.makesbdosth让某人做某事13aslongas只要(主将从现)28.belikeamirror像一面镜子14.bringout显示/显出/生产/带来,15.getbettergrades取得好成绩,二、重要句子:1.SamhaslongerhairthanTom萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。2.ShealsosingsmoreloudlythanTara.她唱歌也比泰拉声音大。3.Nellysangsowell.内莉唱得如此好。4.Forme,agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingsasme.对于我来说,好朋友喜欢跟我做相同的事情。5.Whoissmarter,yourmotheroryourfather谁更聪明,你妈妈还是你爸爸?6.It’snotnecessarytobethesame.没有必要相同。7.Ithinkagoodfriendmakesmelaugh.我认为好朋友会让我笑。8.Mollystudiesharderthanherbestfriend.莫莉比她更好的朋友学习更努力。9.Mymothertoldmeagoodfriendislikeamirror.我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子。10.Soweenjoystudyingtogether.因此我们喜欢在一起学习。11.Soit’snoteasyformetomakefriends.因此对我来说交朋友不容易。12.Webothli