实用之高中同位语从句精讲和练习题

实用文之"位语从讲解"是名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释相当于一个表语从句们之间的关系是同位关系主表关系。详细信一个名词(或其它形式对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词或其它形式就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。1.名词作同语MrWang,mychild’steacher,willbevisitinguson王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。短语作同语I,girlinfamily,alwayshadtocareforother我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。3.直接引语同位语Butnowthequestioncomestheirminds,“Diddieungbecausewasaclone?但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？4.句子作同语Thegirlsweresurprisedatfactthatshipscansailuplakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。同位语句用法比较"固定"

同位语部分是个句子就是同位语从句这种用法一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。Ithenewsthatourhad．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。二、以跟同位语句的名通常有news，，，，doubt，，hope，message，suggestion，（消息），等。1

I’vecomefrom.Wwithmessagethathewonbeabletoyouthis．我从王先生那里来让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。三、英中引导同位从句的通有连词that，连接副词how,where等。注：不能引同位语句。）whetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。四、有同位语从句以不紧在说明的名后面，被别的词隔开。Thehimthattheenemyfledthecity他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。同位语句-引导同位语从句的引导词，引导同位语从句的词语通常有连that，，连接代词和连接副词等。1.连词导同位从句（注：导同位语从的能省略Thethatyoudowellwithoutthinkingwrong.认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）【注意】在某些名词(如suggestion,resolution)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气wasathatBrownshouldbedroppedfromthe有一项建议是布朗应该离队。【注意】引导同位语从句的连that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。gaveboardingtheplane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。2.连词导同位语从（注：if不能引导同位语从句Thewhetherweinaspecialistansweredbythefamilydoctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。【注意可引导同位语从句但if不能引导同位语从句。其它引词引导的同语从句连接代词who,whom,which引导同位语从句1).Ihavewhatsizeshe我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）2).Ihavewhichisbest’samatterpersonaltaste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。定语）2

willtakestillnot（主语）4.连接副词导同位语从

连接副词whyWehavenyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendvacation.到哪儿去度暑假，个问题我们还没有决定。同位语句-相关法一、同语从句在句的位置一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名(如，idea，fact，，hope等)的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewonbeabletoseeyou我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。Thethatsheleftdoorsheleft她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。二、同语从句前名的数同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word外)加修饰。WheredidyouthethatInotcome？你在哪儿听说我不能来？三、位语句的语在等意为建议；命令；要求的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should动词原形的虚拟语气结构，句中的可以省略。Ourgaveusadvicehowthe老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。四、同语从句的先词同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有situationbelief,doubt,fear,ability等等。HowthecheatsfactthattheEmperordidn'tfeeltheclothesin皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其that同位语从句的先行词。3

IoweittoyouthatIstill幸亏你，我现在还活着。有的语法学家把先行it后的从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。一般认为，这种it后的从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于主语+表语结构。Youmusttoitthechildrencold.(=YoumustseetoandItthatchildrencold.)你要当心让孩子们着凉了。同位语句-语法别与定语从句的的语法区别：．意义的不同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：Wearegladatthathewill听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。的内容就是hewill，故that引导的是同位语从句)Wearegladatthathetoldus.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴(that从句是限制thenews内容的即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news不是其他的newsthat从句为定语从句)2.引导词的同what,how,if,等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。3.引导词的能上的不同that引导同位语从句时它不充当句子成分引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例thathetold中的that充当told的宾语。4.被修饰词的区别同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限有news,promise,suggestion,truth等定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外when和引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定如why引导定语从句它通常只修饰名词而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：Ihavewill.我不知道他们什么时候来。同位语从句)I’llneverforgetthedayswhenlivedthere..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。定语从句）同位语句-特殊式4

间隔同位从句同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些情况下，由于句子结构的原因，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。AmethatImightusepocketmoneytobuyformother's简析：由于从太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句和order等词后的位语从句用拟语气。thatsentfor她请求立即请医生来。简析proposalrequirement，advice，proposition和recommendation等名词后接位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用动词原形的形式，其should词可省略。短语及固句式后的同语从句IwillcomeJohnisinvited.如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就来。简析：短语Ononsupposition,ontheground(s),withtheinoftheon及句式be+nochance,possibility,后的that从句为同位语从句。练习一．单1.Hiswasbecause________workingthatB.factC.thefactthatD.thefromNewYorkCity""IknowfromwhatcityshefromB.fromwhatcitysheC.citydoesshecomefrom5

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46.________.whatIdoingwhensheupB.whatwasIwhensherangmeC.whensherangmeupIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmewhatIwasdoing47.-MayIthering-You_______youlike.nomatterwhatB.C.whicheverD.that48.Hesaidthatwasof________.whatbeautifulisB.C.beautifulwhatD.whatitisbeautiful49.Hethat________good_______workbesentB.is,isC.be,wasD.send50.youknow________heexpectswillgiveawhoB.whomthatwhose51.uncertain________experimentisworthdoing.ifB.thatwhetherD.52.Theywouldfixedtelephone_________itaB.forexceptD.butforistodolifedobad.ishardB.matterishardC.D.Allwhatishardboydidn'ttakemadehisangry.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.55.thedaywasfine,Ithesuggestion________forwalkinpark.weB.wewillC.goD.thatwewecan'tget____wehave.What,B.thatC.That,D.That,youlikehimnoneofmybusiness.B.D.Whether58.You____whenreceivedthesenicehowwereexcitedB.howwereC.howexcitedtheyD.werehowexcitedwe'llgotomorrowtheIfB.WhetherC.ThatD.really________hedisagreeswithA.WhatthatB.That…whatC.Why…thatD.IfgoingtodowilltheThatB.WhyHowD.Whofinishthetime.WhenB.C.D.Thathousewillbuiltwillbeattomorrow's9

IfB.WhereC.ThatD.64._______hewon'ttoallofHowB.WhatWhyD.65._______youcomenotisuptoyou.B.IfC.WhyD.mistakesmustthem.B.AnyoneC.D.willwinisaofpublicconcern.WhichB.C.IfD.How68.Threelater,wordcame________ourcountrysentanotherman-madewhichB.whenC.thatwhereproblemis________willtomeeting.whyB.whatD.who_______itgoingtoevenifB.ifC.D.like71.Thatis_______helikestheplacesothatB.C.D.how72.Thatis______LuXunlived.whatwhereC.thatD.why73.We_______thatTomnotyesterday.thatB.itthiswhatfacthadanythingsurprisedallofwhichB.C.thatD.I'mconsidering_________themoneyweisB.C.D.was76.Canyoutellme__________whothatB.thatisC.whoD.that77.________leavesoughttoturnoffthelights.AnyoneB.TheC.D.Who78.Itwellknown_________apersonchangesinthebody.thatwhen,andB.thatC.D.how79.The________makesthecellsabletotheirwork.thatB.whichC.whatD.80.soontolddidwasnotnecessary.whyB.C.howD.whywhat81.Wecarefully________Needhamatmeeting.thatB.C.whichD.X82.CanyoupointoutradiosarebestwhichB.C.thatD.10

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