Unit 1 Grammar 表语从句讲义-高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册unit1Grammar表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)一、表语从句的定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语，放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，用来说明主语是什么或者怎么样。Theproblemispuzzling.主语连系动词形容词作表语Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.主语连系动词一个句子作表语一表语从句二、表语从句的构成：系动词+引导词+简单句WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired.三、表语从句的用法.可按表语从句的连系动词有：.最常用连系动词：be(am;is/was;are/were)o一般在句子中译成：“日”7E...Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe..表变化的系动词：get;turn;go;fall;become;grow;come;run。用法注意：在英语中，系动词一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式，没有其他时态变化形式。但表变化的这类系动词除外，它们有各种时态变化。Itisbecomingcolderandcolder.Thefoodhasgonebad.此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无：Twoyearslater,hebecameateacher.但Twoyearslater,heturnedteacher.另外，g。表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。.所谓“感官动词”:look;sound;taste;smell;fbeL般它们在句子中译成:“・・・起来;...上去”。此类系动词为高考高频词。Thefoodtastedgood.食物尝起来很香。Helookedsadlyatthepicture./Shelookedsadafterhearingthenews.Tomtastedthefoodandittastedgood..表状态的系动词：keep;stay;remain;一般在句子中译成：“依然是:保持”Sheremainsloyaltoherfatherdespitehiscrueltytowardsher.Whatalovelydaytoday!IlovefineweatherandIhopeitwillstayfineforsomedays.Muchremainstobedone..表像系动词：seem;appear0一般在句子中译成：，看起来像”、“似乎”、"好像这两个动词有一个共同的特点，即如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定式来完成。Heseemedtohavecaughtcold.Itappearstomethathewantstoteachusallhehas.WhenFathercamein,Tomseemedtobeeatingsomething.另外此处一句型转换也要牢记：Itseemedthathehadcaughtcold.WhenFathercamein,itseemedthatTomwaseatingsomething..终止系动词：prove;tumouto一般在句子中译成：“证实、证明、2吉果为…”Heproved(tobe)right./Theexperimentturnedoutsuccessful..引导表语从句的关联词的种类：1）从属连词that,that在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何意义。ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.2）从属连词whether,as,asif/asthough引导的表语从句,有自己的含义,但在从句中并不充当语法成分。Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.iE：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但asif却可引导表语从句.Allthiswasovertwentyyeaisago,birtifsasifitwasonlyyesterday.3）because,why引导的表语从句，有自己的含义，但在从句中并不充当语法成分。That'swhyhedidn'tunderstandme.Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.注意：“That/Itisbecause...”与'That/Itiswhy...”之间的不同在于“That/Itisbecause...”指原因或理由;That/Itiswhy...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果OHedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeitlastnight.4）连才妾代词who,whom,whose,what,which;连才妾副词where,when,how,why它们分Theproblemiswho/whomwccangettoreplaceher.（作宣讲）Thatwaswhalshedidthismorningonreachingtheallic.（作宾唐）ThequestionishowIcanpersuadehertojoinusintheparty.（作方式状讲）Thequestioniswhichbookis（hemostsuitableforusstudents.（作定*）5）使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow..注意：1)表语从句一定要用陈述语序。False:Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.Right:Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.2)在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。Right:ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.Right:Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.3)that在表语从句中一般在书面语中不可以省，但在口语中可以省略。Theideais(that)weshallgotopicnicthisweek.4)uThatiswhy...”与"Thatisthereasonwhy...”同义，不过从语法结构上讲,“Thatisthereasonwhy..."中why弓|导的是一个定语从句，将其中的thereason去掉则与"Thatiswhy...”结构一样。Thatis(thereason)whyIcannotagree.5).当主语为Thereason(why…)时，表语从句的引导词只能用that…Right:Thereason(whyhewaslate)wasthathewascaughtintheheavyrain.Wrong:Thereasonwhyheisabsentisbecauseheisill.四.巩固练习GoandgetyourcoatIfsyouleftit.therewheretherewherewherethere2.---1drovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?whywhenwhatwhereYouaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagreed.whywherewhatD.howThereasonforhergreatsuccessissheisbothcleverandhardworking.becausewhywhichD.thatHissuggestionwasthatweanothermeetingtodiscusstheproblem.mustholdshouldholdcouldholdheldThelasttimewehadgreatfunwaswewerevisitingtheWaterPark.wherehowC-whenD.whyOneadvantageofplayingtheguitarisitcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.howwhythatwhenTheproblemishehasenoughtime.ifwhetherc./D.thatHedidn'tcometothemeetmg.Thatwashehadn'tbeenmvited.whybecauseC.thereasonwhyD./lO.Thequestioniswewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC・whenD.whetherThereasonwhyhefailedishewastoocareless.becausethatforbecauseofIsthiswemeteachothertwoyearsago.wherethatC・becauseD.whetherTheproblemistotaketheplaceofTedwhocanwegetwhatwecangetC.whowecangetthatwecangetWhatIwanttoknowishelikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD不填ThereasonisImissedthebus.thatwhenwhywhatThatiswewerelatelasttime.thatwhenwhywhatShelookedsheweretenyearsyounger.thatlikeC-asD.asthough18.一Ifellsick!-Ithinkitisyouaredoingtoomuch.A.whywhenwhatD・becauseThereasonwhyhehasn'tcomeis.becausehismotherisillbecauseofhismother'sbeingillC.thathismotherisillforhismotherisill---Hewasbornhere.---Thatishelikestheplacesomuch.thatwhatwhyD.howThatisLuXunoncelived.whatwherethatwhyThetroubleisweareshortoftools.whatthatC.howwhythatAmericawaswasfirstcalled"India^byColumbus.whatwheretheplacetherewhereChi