2022年7月高考英语上海卷试题真题答案详解（含作文范文+听力原文）

年7月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷ListeningSectionA（第1-10题,每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave1.AAboxofcupcakes B.AsoupspoonC.Apacketofsugar D.Acupofcoffee2.A.Worried B.ExcitedC.Interested D.Crazy3.A.Givingawardstostudents B.BuyingagiftforhissonC.Sellingnewtoystocustomers D.Interviewingtobecomeatraindriver4.A.Sheshouldn'tgooutwithanotebookB.SheshouldhavebeenmorecarefulandshecanonlyblameherselfC.SheshouldpayattentiontothenotebookonthebenchD.Sheshouldn'ttakethelossofhernotebooktoheart5.A.TheirtravelplaninthecityB.TheirexhibitioninthegalleryC.Theirexperienceinthememorialhall.D.Theirjourneyinthecitymap6.A.Sheisachessteacher.B.SheisindifferenttoherchessprogressC.Shesignedupforthechessgame.D.Shehasn'ttouchedthechessboardforalongtime7.A.Thelightsettings B.ThestagebackgroundC.Theperformancestyle. D.Thestoryline8.A.Theopen-airmovieintheforestparkB.TheflowershowintheforestparkC.TheclosingperformanceofsportsmeetingD.Theopeningperformanceoftheforestpark9.A.Kateisasocialphobic(恐惧的)patientB.Kate'sdistinctpersonalityisnormalC.Kateoftenloseshertemperwithherclassmates.D.Kate'sstrangepersonalityaffectsherdailylife10.A.HeneedstofixthebudgetofthehotelB.HemustgettoBeijingontime.C.Hecanstayatherparents’house.D.HewantstovisithisparentsinBeijingSectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11.A.About1,400 B.About3 C.About1,900. D.About212.A.IthasalonghistoryB.IthasnotyetachievedcommercialsuccessC.ItonlysellsfruitatitsstallD.Itstartedfromnothing13.A.ThesuccessstoryofKittenCoffeeB.ThehistoryofEverbrown.C.ThesecretofbusinesssuccessD.Theadvantagesofdiversifiedproducts.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.ItneedsscissorstobeopenedforuseB.Ithaslaunchedmorethan30products.C.Itismaterial-efficientandenvironmentallyfriendlyD.Itsreputationamongsellersisverypoor15.A.Ithasputforwardeffectiveinitiatives.B.IthasreachedthepeakofproductupgradingC.IthasofferedawiderangeofproductsD.Itonlyintroducestheproductthroughvideoclips.16.A.Diversifieddesignofpackagingmaterials.B.Workinghardtopromoteproductdevelopment.C.Innovativeinitiativesofe-commercepioneers.D.Anewwayofpackaging:that'sfrustration-freeQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Theman'stripinParisasanexchangestudent.Theman'saccommodationinParisasanexchangestudentTheman'scourseplaninParsasanexchangestudentTheman'sdailydietinParisasanexchangestudent18.A.ThetalentapartmentoutsidetheschoolischeaperB.ThehostfamilyiswillingtoprovidehimwithaccommodationC.TheroommatehassharedanapartmentwithhimD.Theschooldoesn'thaveanon-campusdormitoryforexchangestudent19.A.HemaywanttovisitfamousscenicspotsB.HemayhaveatightscheduleC.HemaywanthisfamilytoaccompanyhimD.Hemayneedachauffeurtotakehimtoschool20.A.HelikestofinishtheexperimentwithhisclassmatesB.HewantstosplittherenttosavemoneyC.HehopestohavethesameschedulewithhisroommateD.Hejustwantstohitchhike(搭顺风车)toclass【听力答案】1~10.CABBACDBBC11~13.BDA14~16.CCD17~20.BDBCGrammar（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtoStartaNewBusinessAnentrepreneurisapersonwhocreates,launches,andbeginsanewbusiness,typicallyinresponsetoamarketdemandthathasnotbeenmetEntrepreneursareoftenimaginative,selfmotivatedindividualswhodevelopfulltime,successful,andsustainablebusinesses.Successfulentrepreneursfrequentlyhaverelevantinsights,expertise,andadvicetheymayofferaspiringentrepreneurstoand(21)________ontheirrespectivepaths.Interviewingentrepreneursmightprovideinsightintothestepstheytook(22)________(achieve)success.Hereistheinterviewofentrepreneurrelatedquestions,andyouwillfindmorepreparationsforit.Question:Howwouldyoudescribeanentrepreneur?Answer:Anindividualwhoestablishesandexpandstheirowncompanythroughinnovativestrategies(23)______(know)asanentrepreneurDuringtheexpansionoftheircompanies:Entrepreneursareresponsibleforseveralimportanttasksinadditiontocashgeneration.Anentrepreneurperceivesacommercialneedintheirsociety(24)________(develop)anideaforabusiness,andthentakestheinitiativetostarttheirfirmSupposeabusinessideadoesnotcenteronproducingaproductthatfillsagapinthe(25)______(exist)market.Inthatcase,itmostoftencentersonapplyingtechnicaladvancementstosimplifytheprocessofobtainingaproductorservice.Question:Howdoentrepreneursidentifybusinessprospects?Answer:Entrepreneursroutinelyseekchancestoexpandorincreasetheircompanyrevenues.Theydeterminewhichproducttoincludeandwhichmarkettoenter.Anentrepreneurshouldlistentoprospectivecustomersandlookforchancestobuilditemsthatmeettheirdemands.Anentrepreneurcandetermine(26)__________otherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingacompetitiveanalysis.ThistechniquemayinvolveconductingaphysicalsurveyorreadingindustryspecificmaterialsConversationswithconsumersalsofacilitatetheidentificationoftheirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences,(27)________theymayusetoenhanceafirmQuestion:Whatmakesanentrepreneursuccessful?Answer:(28)_________anentrepreneur,youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers.Toachievesuccess,youmustpossessawiderangeofabilitiesAnentrepreneurmustbeabletomanagepeople,abudget,operations,andincertaincases,investors.Itnecessitatesaworkstyle(29)________(characterize)bymultitaskingandplanningforthefirm'sshortandlongtermgoals(30)_______successfulentrepreneurmustbeabletospendhistimewisely,regularlyanalyzingandprioritizingprojectsbasedontheirrelevanceandsignificance.Itincludesengaginginshortandlong-termplanning,economicforecasts,andmarketresearch.【答案】21them22toachieve23isknown24developsexisting26what27which28As29characterized30A【解析】21.them考查代词作宾语。根据句子结构，这里说的是成功的企业家为有抱负的企业家提供建议，因此此处要帮助的人(宾语)指的就是有抱负的企业家们，即aspiringentrepreneurs，所以应填入人称代词宾格，且表复数，故填入them。句意:成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。22toachieve【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。而且根据句子的谓语动词mightprovide判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。故填入toachieve。句意:采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤。23.isknown【解析】考查一般现在时的被动。结合问题"HowWouldYouDescribeAnEntrepreneur?(你如何描述企业家?)"可知这个回答是在为企业家下定义，此处应为固定搭配“beknownas”(被称为:被认为是...)，根据“Anindividual"可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语individual后的who引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入isknown。句意:通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。24.develops【解析】考查一般现在时。此句的主语是Anentrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词,且与前面的perceives并列，时态还是一般现在时，故填入develops。句意:企业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此空的陷阴主谱后面的空格处动词，惯性思维理解为非谓语结构。实际这个句子看完才发现是并列谓语结构。此题的失分较多，很多同学们会填写developing:事实上是develops25.existing【解析】考查先分词作定语。根据句子结构可知,此处应用形容间修饰名词market,而且从句子的谓语动词doesnotcenter也推测空格处动词需要填写非谓语动词,故填入existing(现存的，现行的)。句意:假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品。26.what【解析】考查宾语从句。该段回答的问题是“企业家如何识别商业前景”，根据后面的"howtheysucceed(他们是如何成功的)”可以推测出这里要表达的意思是“其他企业在做什么"，故填入what。句意:企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。27which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处考查的是定语从句，theirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物，故填入which。句意:与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。28.As【解析】考查介词,此处回答的问题是“是什么让企业家成功”,后面的youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers.是个完整的句子，anentrepreneur为名词。结合语境，此处要表达的意思应是“作为一名企业家”，故填入As。句意:作为一名企业家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。29.characterized【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语，根据句子的谓语动词necessitates判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由"by”可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组aworkstyle，此处实际上是一个定酒从句.whichischaracterizedbymultitaskingandplanning:省略了whichis，故填入characterized。句意:它需要种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。30.A【解析】考查不定冠词。这里的entrepreneur为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词a修饰，故填入A。句意:一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，有规律地根据项目的相关性和重要性分析和排序。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouApursuitsB.interestsC.comparableD.innovationE.scheduleF.optionsG.realizationHroutesI.subjectsJ.recipesK.motivatedCreativityIsaHumanQualityThatExistsinUSWhenyouthinkaboutcreativity,itmightbehighlycreativepeoplelikeMozart,daVinciorEinsteinwhospringtomind.Theywereallconsideredtobe"Geniuses”fortheirsomewhatuniquetalentsthatledtoglobal(31)______intheirfields.Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat'sknownas"BigCcreativity”(orhistorical)andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtotheworld.Butwhilewecan’tallbeMozart,daVinciorEinstein,manypeopledoenjoycreativeactivitythroughhobbiessuchaswatercolourpaintingorplayingthepiano.Andthesetypesof(32)______areoftenwhatpeoplethinkofwhenaskedwhatbeingcreativelookslike.Ourfinishedpiecesmaynotbe(33)_______withthelikesofthegreatmasters,butoftentheprocessistherapeuticandtheendresultcanbeaestheticallypleasing.Ontopofhobbiesand(34)_______,weallpossesscreativeattributesthatcanhelpaswesolvelife'sproblemsandmakedecisions.Itisthistypeofcreativitythatenablesustoplandifferent(35)_________togettothesamedestination,orhowtofitinatriptothesupermarketwhenour(36)________looksfull.Itmightnotsoundverycreative,butthisaspectofcreativityreliesonourabilitytoconsider(37)________andassesstheirsuitability,aswellashowtomakedecisionsbasedonpersonalpriorexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally.Theseexamplesareknownas"SmallCcreativity”or“personaleverydaycreativity.WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated,ItisoftenSmallCcreativitythathasallowedhumanstoflourishoverthousandsofyears.itsetsusapartfromotheranimalsanditisalsothetypeofcreativitywhichcanbefosteredthroughoureducationsystemandbeyondintotheworkplace.Traditionally,researchtellsusthatcreativityhasbeenlargelyassociatedwiththearts.Ourpreviousresearchhasshownthatteachersareoftenabletogiveexamplesofcreativeactivityinarts(38)________,butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience.Butthereisagrowing(39)_______thatopportunitiestobecreativearefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.Forinstance,engineeringprovidesopportunitiestobecreativethroughproblemsolving.andhistorygivestheopportunitytothinkcreativelyaboutwhyeventshappened,andwhat(40)________thoseinvolved.【答案】31-40DACBHLFIGK31D【解析】此处的形容词global(全球的)应修饰名词，结合前面提到的“当你想到创造力时，你可能会想到像莫扎特、达芬奇或爱因斯坦这样极具创造力的人。他们都被认为是“天才”，因为他们有些独特的才能”，这里讲的是创造力，分析选项，只有“innovation"符合语境及逻辑。此处句意为“他们都被认为是“天才”，因为他们有些独特的才能，导致了他们所在领域的全球创新(innovation)”,故选D。innovationn.创新。32A【解析】该空对应的是前面提到的“hobbiessuchaswatercolourpaintingorplayingthepiano.”，分析选项可知“水彩画或弹钢琴”可以说是“追求”，句意为:当被间及创造力是什么样子时，人们通常会想到这些类型的追求(pursuits)。故选A。pursuitsn.追求。33.C【解析】此处考查固定搭配becomparablewith(与...可比较的,比得上...的),此处旬意为“我们完成的作品可能无法与大师们的作品相提并论(comparable),但通常这个过程是有益的，最终的结果是令人赏心悦目的"，故选C。comparabledj，可比的，可比较的。34B【解析】该空与hobbies并列，且它们的意思应该是相近的，分析选项可知应选“interests”。句意为“除了爱好和兴趣(interests)，我们都拥有创造性的属性，可以帮助我们解决生活中的问题和做决定”，故选B。interestsn，兴趣。35.H【解析】根据后面的"togettothesamedestination(到达同一个目的地)”可以反推出我们需要先计划路线，此处句意为“正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不间的路线(routes)到达同一个目的地”，故选H。routesn路线:路途。36E【解析】分析透项可知“当我们的时间表看起来很满时”符合语境及逻辑，此处句意为"或者当我们的时间表(schedule)看起来很满时如何安排去超市的旅行”,放选E。schedule，计划(表)，进度表:时间表。37F【解析】分析选项，根据后面的"aswellashowtomakedecisionsbiasedonpersonalpriorexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally(以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式地学到的知识做出决定)”可以推测出我们考虑的是“选择”，句意为:这听起来可能不是很有创意，但这方面的创造力依赖于我们考虑选择(options)和评估其适用性的能力，以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式地学到的知识做出决定。故选F。optionsn.可选择的事物:选择，选择权。38.1【解析】根据后面的“butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience"可知此处应为“subjects”。句意为“我们之前的研究表明。教师通常能够给出艺术科目(subjects)中创造性活动的例子，但当被要求描述科学等科目中的创造性时，他们发现很难做到这一点"，故选1。subjectsn学科:科目:主题。39.G【解析】分析选项，“创新的机会在更广泛的学科中存在“属于一种”认识。意识"，此处句意为“但人们越来越意识到(realization)，创新的机会在更广泛的学科中存在"，故选G。realizationn.认识，领悟。40K【解析】分析句子结构可知此空是一个谓语动词，且时态为一般过去时，应选motivated。此处句意为“例如，工程学提供了通过解决问题来发挥创造力的机会，而历史则提供了机会来创造性地思考事件发生的原因，以及是什么激发了(motivated)参与者”，故选K。motivatedv.成为……的动机，是……的原因;激励，激发。ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextAfillerwordisanapparentlymeaninglessword,phraseorsoundthatmarksapauseorhesitationinspeech.Alsoknownasapausefillerorhesitationform.SomeofthecommonfillerwordsinEnglishareum,uh,er,ah,like,okay,right,andyouknow.Althoughfillerwords“mayhavefairlyminimallexical(词汇的)content,”noteslinguistBarbaraAFox“theycanplayastrategicsyntactic(句法的)roleina(n)(41)________conversation”.Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase(整句字)(42)________thecontext.“Heyhey,shh,shh,shh.Comeon.Besensitivetothefactthatotherpeoplearenotcomfortabletalkingaboutemotional(43)______.Um,youknow,Iam.I'mfinewiththat,but...otherpeople"."ModernlinguistsledbyLeonardBloomfieldin1933callthese‘hesitationforms’—thesoundsofstammering(uh),stuttering(um,um)，throat-clearing(ahem!)，stalling(wellum,thatis)interjectedwhenthespeakerissearchingwordsor(44)_____forthenextthought."Youknowthaty’knowisamongthemostcommonofthese(45)________forms.Itsmeaningisnottheimperious‘youunderstand’eventheoldinterrogatory‘doyougetit’?Itisgivenas,andtakentobe,merelyafillerphrase,(46)____________tofillabeatintheflowofsound,notunlikelike,initsnewsenseof,like,afillerword.Thesestaplesofmodernfillercommunication—Imean,y’know,like-canalsobeusedas‘tee-upwords’.Inoldtimes.pointerphrasesortee-upwordsweregetthiswouldyoubelieve?andareyouready?The(47)______oftheserib-nudgingphraseswas-areyouready-tomakethepoint,tofocusthelistenersattentiononwhatwastofollow.Ifthe(48)_______istoteeupapoint,weshouldaccepty’knowanditsfriendsasdly(49)_______spokenpunctuation.thearticulatedcolon(冒号)thatsignals‘focusonthis’...ifthepurposeistograbamomenttothink,weshouldallowourselvestowonder:Whyarefillerphrasesneededatall?What(50)_____thespeakertofillthemomentofsilencewithanysoundatall?Whydosomepeoplefilltheairwithnon-wordsandsounds?Forsome,itisasignofnervousness;theyfearsilenceandexperiencespeaker(51)_____.RecentresearchatColumbiaUniversitysuggestsanotherreason,Columbiapsychologistsguessedthatspeakersfillpauseswhen(52)______forthenextword.Toinvestigatethis(53)________,theycountedtheuseoffillerwordsusedbylecturersinbiology,chemistry,andmathematics,wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices(54)________tothespeakerTheythencomparedthenumberoffillerwordsusedbyteachersinEnglish,arthistory,andphilosophy.wherethesubjectmatterisless(55)________andmoreopentowordchoices.41A.undertaking B.discovering C.disliking D.unfolding42A.dependingon B.holdingup C.takingover D.arrangingfor43.A.appliances Bsubstances C..disturbances D.finances44.A.onthecontrary B.ataloss C.atdawn D.onnoaccount45.A.perseverance B.complexity C.hesitation D.obligation46A.intended B.attended C.pretended D.extended47.A.interest B.experience C.advantage Drandom48A.architecture B.purpose C.completion D.function49Aannoying B.striking C.entertaining D.embarrassing50.A.oppresses B.recycles C.highlights D.motivates51A.danger B.anxiety C..figure D.sculpture52.A.bothering Binspecting C.searching Daccomplishing53.A.idea B.chance C.basis D.feedback54.A.feasible Bcredible C.considerable D.available55.A.well-matched B.well-defined C.well-bred D.wellperceived【答案】41-55DACBCADBADBCADB外刊来源完形填空选自Thoughtco，围绕“fillerword”展开论述，讲述英语语言中出现的fillerword及其运用。注意：由于原文较长，命题老师根据高考实际进行了适当的删减和改编，这里的还原版主要采用原文。答案详解41.D【解析】结合该空之后提及的Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase可知，该句句意为“看似填充词的东西也可能是完整短语”，再结合相关选项分析，此处想要表达的是填充词词在对话交流中的重要作用，即此处句意为“它们可以在展开的（unfolding）话语中发挥战略性的句法作用”，故选D。undertakingv.

担任；discoveringv.

发现；dislikingv.

不喜欢；厌恶；unfoldingv.显露；展现；展开。42.A【解析】此题根据选项进行反向推选，根据该空前提及的Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase和该空后提及的thecontext，这里将“填充词”“完整语句”和“上下文”三个词同时出现于一句话中，再结合选项进行分析，可推知此处句意为“依据（dependingon）上下文，看似填充词的内容也可能是完整短语”，故选A。dependingon依赖；依靠；holdingup停顿；支持；takingover接管；arrangingfor安排。43.C【解析】根据该空前提及的Besensitivetothefactthatotherpeoplearenotcomfortabletalkingabout可知，该空所填词需要有一定的情感情绪在其中，结合相关选项分析，此处句意为“对别人不喜欢谈论情绪障碍（disturbances）的事实要敏感”，故选C。appliancesn.

器具；器械；substancesn.

物质；disturbancesn.骚乱：困扰；financesn.

资金；经费。44.B【解析】结合上文提及的ModernlinguistsledbyLeonardBloomfieldin1933callthese‘hesitationforms’等相关内容，可知，此处在表述讲话时的一种“犹豫形式”，再结合相关选项分析，与hesitationforms相接近的意思选项为ataloss，即此处句意为“当说话者在摸索单词或不知所措地（ataloss）想下一个想法时，会插嘴”，故选B。onthecontrary与此相反；ataloss不知所措；atdawn拂晓时；onnoaccount绝不；切莫。45.C【解析】结合上文对hesitationforms等填充词所举的例子，以及该空后提及的Itsmeaningisnottheimperious‘youunderstand’oreventheoldinterrogatory‘doyougetit’?Itisgivenas,andtakentobe,merelyafillerphrase可推知，此处的Youknow也是“最常见的犹豫（hesitation）形式之一”，故选C。perseverancen.毅力；韧性；complexityn.复杂性；hesitationn.犹豫；踌躇；obligationn.义务；责任。46.A【解析】结合该空之后提及的like的例子可推知，该空处想要表述的是关于填充词使用的目的和意图，即此处句意为“它只是一个填充词，意在（intended）填充声音流中的一个节拍”，故选A。intendedv.

打算；意指；attendedv.

出席；参加；pretendedv.

假装；extendedv.

延伸；延长。47.D【解析】结合上文内容的讲述以及该空后提及的tomakethepoint,tofocusthelistener’sattentiononwhatwastofollow可推知，此处在讲述有关填充词交流的作用，结合选项分析，可推知此处句意为“这些短语的作用（function）是”，故选D。interestn.

兴趣；吸引力；利益；experiencen.

经验；经历；advantagen.

有利条件；优势；functionn.

功能；函数。48.B【解析】结合下文提及的Ifthepurposeistograbamomenttothink,weshouldallowourselvestowonder可知，此处句子结构与上文相同，结合选项推知此处想表达的是根据不同的目的来选择填充词的使用，即该空处句意为“如果目的（purpose）是为了表达一个观点”，故选B。architecturen.

建筑学；结构；架构；purposen.

意图；目的；completionn.

完成；结束；random

n.

随机。49.A【解析】根据该空前提及的mildly（和善地；轻微地）可排除B项，两者想表述的意思相反；而结合该空前提及的weshouldaccepty’knowanditsfriends…和该空后提及的thearticulatedcolon(冒号)thatsignals‘focusonthis’可知，youknow这一填充词表述并不会使人尴尬或者使人愉快，相比之下A项符合文意，即此处句意为“我们应该接受“你知道”和它的朋友们作为一个稍微烦人的（annoying）口语标点符号，即清晰的冒号(冒号)

这意味着“专注于这个”……”，故选A。annoyingadj.

烦人的；strikingadj.

显著的；引人注目的；entertainingadj.有趣的；使人愉快的；embarrassingadj.

令人尴尬的。50.D【解析】结合该空后提及的thespeakertofillthemomentofsilencewithanysoundatall可知此处与“演讲者借助填充词来填补沉默时刻”的情境相关，结合选项以及上文内容可推知，此处需要思考的内容是“是什么促使（motivates）演讲者用任何声音来填补沉默的时刻”，其余选项与文意不符，故选D。oppressesv.压迫；压制；recyclesv.

回收利用；highlightsv.

突出；强调；motivatesv.

激发；诱发。51.B【解析】结合上文提及的Forsome,itisasignofnervousness可推知此处想要表达的是“他们害怕沉默，并经历演讲者的焦虑（anxiety）”，故选B。dangern.危险；anxietyn.

焦虑；担心；figuren.

数字；人影；形象；sculpturen.

雕刻作品。52.C【解析】根据该空后提及的forthenextword，可以排除A项和D项，这两项填入文章语意不通顺，再结合下文的相关研究分析可推知，此处更符合文意的是inspecting，因为inspect侧重于为了查看东西的质量或情况而仔细地查看，而search更侧重于有目的的搜查、搜索，相较之下，C项符合文意，即此处句意为“哥伦比亚大学的心理学家推测，说话者在搜索（searching）下一个单词时会出现停顿”，故选C。botheringv.

打扰；烦扰；迷惑；inspectingv.

检查；检验；searchingv.

搜查；探查；accomplishingv.

完成；达到。53.A【解析】结合上文提及的相关内容，可知上文提及的是观点，下文对观点进行研究分析，结合选项即可分析此处句意为“为了调查这一观点（idea），他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用的填充词的使用情况”，故选A。idean.

想法；chancen.

可能性；机会；basisn.

基础；基准；feedbackn.

反馈。54.D【解析】结合上文内容可知，此处是在对各科教师使用填充词情况的研究，结合相关选项可排除B和C项，再根据该空后提及的wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices可知，此处更侧重于他们使用填充词的“多样性”，由此推知D项更符合文意，即此处句意为“其中主题使用的科学定义限制了演讲者可用的（available）单词选择的多样性”，故选D。feasibleadj.

可行的；credibleadj.

可信的；可靠的；considerableadj.

想当多/大的；availableadj.

可用的；可获得的。55.B【解析】结合上文提及的wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices可知，此处的情况与上文所述内容情况相反，即可推知此处句意为“然后，他们比较了英语、艺术史和哲学中教师使用的填充词的数量，这些领域的主题定义不太明确（well-defined），更容易选择单词”，故选B。well-matchedadj.

搭配得当的；well-definedadj.

定义明确的；界限清楚的；well-bredadj.

有教养的；良种的；well-perceivedadj.

有知觉的。原文翻译填充词是一个明显无意义的词、短语或声音，标志着说话的停顿或犹豫。也被称为停顿填充词或犹豫形式。英语中一些常见的填充词有嗯，呃，呃，啊，像，好的，对和你知道。尽管填充词

“可能具有相当少的词汇内容”，语言学家芭芭拉·A·福克斯指出，“它们可以在展开的对话中发挥战略性的句法作用”。看起来是一个填充词的东西也可能是一个整体句子，这取决于上下文。“嘿，嘿，嘘，嘘，嘘。来吧。对其他人不愿意谈论情感障碍的事实要敏感。嗯，你知道，我是，我没问题，但是其他人”。1933年伦纳德·布卢姆菲尔德（LeonardBloomfield）领导的现代语言学家称这些为“犹豫形式”——口吃（嗯）、结巴（嗯，嗯）、清喉咙（啊哼！）、停顿（嗯，呃，也就是说）的声音，当说话者在摸索单词或不知所措地想下一个想法时，会插话。“你知道，你知道的是这些犹豫形式中最常见的一种。它的意思不是专横的“你明白”，甚至不是古老的“你懂吗”？它被认为是一个填词短语，意在填补音流中的一个节拍，与喜欢没有什么不同，在其新的意义上，像是一个填充词。现代填词交流的这些主打词——我的意思是，你知道，喜欢也可以用作“发球词”。在古代，指示性短语或发球词就是这样，你相信吗？你准备好了吗？这些鸡肋短语的作用是你准备好了吗——让听众的注意力集中在接下来要做的事情上。如果目的是为了表达一个观点，我们应该接受“你知道”和它的朋友们是一个有点烦人的口语标点符号，一个表示“专注于此”的发音冒号……如果目的是想抓住时间思考，我们应该让自己想一想：为什么需要填充短语？是什么促使演讲者用任何声音来填补沉默的时刻？"为什么有些人在空气中充满了非文字和声音？对一些人来说，这是紧张的表现；他们害怕沉默，并经历演讲者焦虑。哥伦比亚大学最近的研究表明了另一个原因。哥伦比亚大学的心理学家猜测，说话者在搜索下一个单词时会填补停顿。为了研究这一观点，他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用的填充词，其中主题使用的科学定义限制了说话者可用的单词选择的多样性。然后，他们比较了英语、艺术史和哲学中教师使用的填充词的数量，这些学科的定义不那么明确，对词语的选择更为开放。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ContemporaryartistNickSmithcreatespixelated(像素化的)workswithhandplacedcolour-chips,synonymouswithcolourswatches(色块),cleverlycombiningtextandimagetocreateinterestingandfascinatingcollaged(拼贴的)works.WithapreviouscareerinInteriorDesignspanning11years,Nickreferenceshisconceptdesignbackgroundthroughouthiswork,reworkingthedesignusinguniquecolourswatchesinhand-madecollages,placinghisworkfirmlyinthefineartcategory.Fromhisfirstcollageexperimentbackin2011ofWarhol's"Marilyn’,whenheassembledatessellation(镶嵌技术)ofswatchesasachallenge,thiseventuallyinspiredhiscareerasanartistanddeterminedhisuniquestyleheisnowknownforThemulti-layeredelementofhiswork,whichmarriesimageandword,allowsNicktoexplorecomplexart-historicalconcepts.Thetextemployedisoftennarrative,whichcanbereadinsequenceaddinganotherelementofintrigueandinteresttothework.Thisadditionalelementoftext,placedundertheemptyspaceofeachswatch,createseithercomplimentaryorsubversivemeanings.Nickdeliberatelyleavestheseword/imageconstructionsopentoviewerinterpretation,sparkingnewdebatesandmeanings.EachP-series,suchasPsychology2015,Purgatory2019,explorescomplicatedlyresearchedconcepts,whicharealwaysthecrucialstartingpointforeachnewseriesofworkProducinglarge-scaleworkstomicro-chipcollages,andmultipleselloutprinteditions,Nickcontinuestodevelophispopularandrecognizableart.PSYCOLOURGYJanuary2015LawrenceAlkinGallery,LondonSmith'sdebutsoloexhibitionwithLawrenceAlkinGalleryinSoho,London,launchedhisuniquevisualreworkingofclassicpaintingsfromthe20thCenturycanon.Universallyknownworks,includingDavidHockney’s.‘TheBiggerSplash’,AndyWarhol's'SoupCans’andLeonardodaVinci’s‘MonnLisa’wereallrecast,creatingoriginalcollagesthatenquireideasofdepiction,digitizationandrecognitionAselloutshow,withnumeroussuccessfulsubsequentprintreleases,PsychologyforgedSmith’spathtoaplaceamongBritain'snotablecontemporaryartists.PURGATORY-December2019Context,ArtMiamlPurgatoryisashiny,sticky,glossyexplorationofoursocietiesattitudeandapproachtoourexcess,addictionsanddesires.ExcerptsfromDante'sPurgatoryarewoventhroughcolourfulworksdepictingpopularcovetableconsumables,creatingsymbolicrepresentationsofthesevensins,Danteexplorepossiblepenance(忏悔)forourearthlysufferinglendingtospiritualgrowth.Theresultsofthesepairingsofferahumorous,nostalgicandsubversiveopportunitytoquestionourchoices,ourhistoryandourfuture.56.WhatmadeNicklaunchhisartcareer?A.HisdeeploveoffascinatingcollagedworksB.HisfirstcollageworkWarhol's'MarilynC.ThechallengeofpiecingatessellationofswatchesD.Thecollageexperimentdatingbackto2012.57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetextNickusesistrueA.Histextcontainsconceptsofart.Histextisusuallyillustrative.HistextcanbereadsequentiallyHistextelementsareverysimple58.WhatdoweknowaboutPSYCOLOURGY?A.ItopenedSmith'suniquevisualreinventionofclassic21th-centurypaintingsB.DavidHockney's'MonaLisa’hasbeenrecreatedbyLawrenceAlkinGalleryC.Theoriginalcollagesaffirmtheideasofdepiction,digitisationandrecognition.D.ItopenedSmith'spathtobecomingoneofBritain'sleadingcontemporaryartists59.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?A.SomeusefulwaystocreatecollagedworksB，ThelifeofcontemporaryartistNickSmith.C.InformationaboutPsychologyandPurgatory.D.TheintroductiontoNickSmith'sworks【答案】56-59CCDD56.C【解析】根据文章第二段的Fromhisfirstcollageexperimentbackin2011ofWarhol's'Marilyn'.whenheassembledatessellationofswatchesasachallenge,thiseventuallyinspiredhiscareerasanartistanddeterminedhisuniquestyleheisnowknownfor可知2011年,他在沃霍尔的作品《玛丽莲》中进行了第一次拼贴实验,当时他将色板镶嵌在一起作为挑战，这最终激发了他作为艺术家的职业生涯，并决定了他现在以独特的风格著称。A(他对挑启发性拼贴作品的热爱)、B(他的第一个拼贴作品沃霍尔的“玛丽莲”)、D(2012年的拼贴实验)都说法错误。C(拼贴一块镶嵌的色板的挑战)正确，故选C。57C【解析】根据文章第三段的Thetextemployedisoftennarrative,whichcanbereadinseque