2020-2021学年高中英语同步课时作业1Unit5新人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit5ReadingandThinking一、填空1.Sheisaneasy-goingpersonwithcharmingc__________.2.Thenewfindinghasattractedbothd__________andinternationalattention.3.Organicfarmersturnedtonaturalmeanstob__________cropyield.4.Hewillreadforpleasureduringthel__________time.5.Solarenergyhasbeenusedtog__________electricityinsomecountries.6.Thec__________wayoffanninghasbeenchallengedbymoderntechnology.7.Heworkedveryhardtoa__________hisgoal.8.Valentinoiskeentosee__________(名人）paradinghisclothesonbigoccasions.9.Shehasto__________(克服)greatdifficultiestomakealifeinanewcity.10.Hisdreamfinallybecamea__________(事实).11.We___________(convince)thatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGameswillbeagreatsuccess.12.___________(give)thathecangetanotherchance,hewillsurelysucceed.13.Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedin___________(persuade)himtochangehismind.14.___________(estimate)that1.3billionpeoplewilluseEnglishaseitherafirstorasecondlanguageby2050.15.Cheerupandyouarebound___________(overcome)thepresentdifficulty.二.阅读理解Everytimeyougoshopping,thevegetablesandfruitlooksotemptingthatyouwishyoucouldbuyallofthem.Somepeopleareluckyandcangrowthefruitandvegetablesinthegardensthattheyhave.Whilegettingfreshvegetables,theycanalsoachievegreatcostcutting.Mushroomsareexpensiveandcanalsogobadveryquickly.Mushroomscanalsobegrowneasilyinadarkenvironment.Infactit'sbetterthangrowingothervegetablessinceyoureallydon'tneedanoutdoorspace.Aspecialtypeofsoilthatisgoodforgrowingmushroomsiseasilyavailable.

Actuallymushroomsaren'tevenvegetables;theyarefungi(菌类)andforthisreason,youdon'tevenrequiresunlighttogrowthem.Well,howdoesonegoaboutgrowingmushrooms?Youcouldalwayssearch"growingmushrooms"andyouwillfindanumberofmushroomgrowingkits(工具)availableonlinethatareeffectiveandnotveryexpensiveeither.Mushroomscanbeaddedtoanydishthatyoucook.Simplyusetheminpizza,saladsandanythingthatyouprettymuchfancy.Growmushroomsinyourownhouseandusethemwheneveryouwant.Freshmushroomsaretastierthantheonesthatarestoredinyourrefrigerator.Ifyouhavehadareallygoodcropofmushrooms,thenyoucanevenstorethem.Ideallyyoushouldusethewhitevarietyofthemushrooms.Simplypickthem,slicethemandputthemonacookiesheetinafreezer.Whentheyarefrozen,youcanusethemwhenyouwantto.Remembertothaw(解冻)thembeforeyouusethem,andtheywillgiveareallygreattastetothedishthatyouaremaking.1.Whatcanweknowaboutgrowingmushrooms?A.Ittakesalotofeffort.sunshine.B.ItneedslotsofC.Thesoiliseasilyavailable.D.Theenvironmentisdemanding.2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsgrowingvegetablesingardens?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Objective.D.Disapproving.3.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SimpletoCookMushroomPizzaB.FunandEasytoGrowMushroomsC.ExpensivetoBuyMushroomsOnlineD.ImportanttoEatFruitandVegetables三.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry①___________(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover②___________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis③___________(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonfor

corn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice④___________(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater⑤___________riceandcreateslessfertiliserrunoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased⑥___________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal⑦___________(globe)fertiliserconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment⑧___________(start)asoil-testingprogramme⑨___________givesspecificfertiliserrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertiliserusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile⑩___________(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,"saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.答案以及解析一、1.答案：characteristics解析：2.答案：domestic解析：3.答案：boost解析：4.答案：leisure

解析：5.答案：generate解析：6.答案：conventional解析：7.答案：attain解析：8.答案：celebrities解析：9.答案：overcome解析：10.答案：reality解析：11.答案：areconvinced解析：句意:我们相信,2022年北京冬奥会将会是一大成功。beconvincedthat..."相信....."。12.答案：解析：句意:假定他能得到另一次机会,他肯定会成功的。giventhat"假如"，引导条件状语从句。13.答案：persuading解析：句意:我从没有想到你能成功地说服他改变想法。succeedindoingsth."成功做某事"。14.答案：isestimated解析：句意:据估计,到2050年,将有13亿人把英语当作第一语言或第二语言来使用。Itisestimatedthat..."据估计....."。15.答案：toovercome解析：句意:振作起来,你一定能克服现在的困难。beboundtodo"一定做",所以填toovercome。二.答案：1-3.CBB解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段的Aspecialtypeofsoilthatisgoodforgrowing

mushroomsiseasilyavailable.可知,适合用来种植蘑菇的特殊土壤很容易获得。故选C项。2.细节理解题。由第一段的Somepeopleareluckyandcangrowthefruitandvegetablesinthegardensthattheyhave.Whilegettingfreshvegetables,theycanalsoachievegreatcostcutting.可知,有些人很幸运,可以在花园种植蔬菜和水果,他们在获得新鲜蔬菜的同时,也可以削减成本。由此可知作者支持在花园种蔬菜,故选B项。3.主旨大意题。文章讲述了种植蘑菇的方法及好处,自己种蘑菇很容易也很有趣,不需要太多的工具,也不需要很高的水平。故选B项。三.答案：hasgrown;the;actually;toimprove;than;pollution;global;started;that/which;feeding解析：①句意为:自从2011年以来,中国种植的玉米已经比水稻多了。根据时间状语Since2011可知,此处应用现在完成时;且主语thecountry和动词grow之间为主动关系,应用主动语态,故填hasgrown。②句意为:在过去的25年中,玉米的产量猛增了将近125%,而水稻产量只增加了7%。此处特指“过去25年”,故填the。③句意为:事实上,对肉类的喜好是这一变化背后的原因——种植的玉米中很重要的一部分用于喂鸡、喂猪和喂牛。此处修饰整个句子,作状语,应用副词形式,故填actually,表示“事实上”。④句意为:玉米产量上涨的另一个原因是政府鼓励农民种玉米而不是种水稻,以改善水质。此处应用动词不定式表目的,故填toimprove。⑤句意为:玉米比水稻使用的水更少,引起的化肥径流也更少。根据空前的less可知,此处为形容词比较级结构,故填than。⑥句意为:这种转变已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的水污染,使得饮用水对于人们来说更加安全。此处作hasdecreased的宾语,应用名词形式,表示“污染”,故填pollution,为不可数名词。⑦句意为:世界银行的数据显示,中国的化肥消耗量约占全球化肥消耗总量的30%。此处修饰名词短语fertilserconsumption,应用globe的形容词形式,故填global。⑧句意为:中国政府于2005年开始实中国农业部发现,2005年至2011年期间,化肥的使用量降低了770万吨。此处讲述的是2005年发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填started。施土壤测试项目,这一项目给予农民具体的施肥建议。

⑨句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,修饰先行词asoil-testingprogramme;空格处为定语从句引导词,从句中缺少主语,且指物,故用that或which引导定语从句。⑩分析句子结构可知,feed与其逻辑主语China之间为主动关系,故用动词的现在分词形式。Unit5LearningaboutLanguage一、填空1.Themainbodyofthenewstadiumhadbeen__________________(变成)abigtelevisionstudio.2.Thevillagersraisedanobjectiontobuildingac___________(化学制品)plantbesidetheriver.3.Ithasrichmilkf___________(味道)withalittlebittertaste,andmanypeopleloveit.4.Themaincropisw___________(小麦)andthisisgrownevenontheverysteepslopes.5.Ab___________(炸弹）explodedsuddenlybytheroadsideanddestroyedseveralcars.6.___________wecanhavecleandrinkingwaterliesinwhateffectivemeasureswillbetaken.

7.Whenand___________wewillhavethesportsmeetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.___________isreportedthatChinahassentanothermanmadeearthsatelliteintoorbit.9.Everyyear,___________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.10.让这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力。__________________thebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.11.在这家商店里，你是用现金还是信用卡付款都没有关系。____________________________________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.12.无论谁到这里来开会，都将得到一顿丰盛的晚餐。___________________________tohavethemeetingwillbetreatedtoawonderfuldinner.13.已经决定把会议推迟到下周一。____________________________________thatthemeetinghasbeenputoffuntilnextMonday.14.家长说和做的事情对孩子有终身的影响。___________________________anddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.15.她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。____________________________________toher,shetoldme,washerfamily.二.阅读理解Duringmosttimeofthe1930s,theGreatPlainsregionwasdestroyedbydroughtandhighwinds.HowlingacrosstheGreatPlains,thesewindssweptupthesoiloftheover-farmedlandandcreatedserioussandstormsofdust.Theseblacksandstormsweresothickthatdaylightseemedmorelikedusk.Yearafteryearhavingpassedwithoutrain,thewindscontinuedtoblow,andthedustswirledendlessly.Duringthisterribleperiod,theregioncametobecalledtheDustBowl.Butthecausesofthesandstormsweren'tjustdroughtandwinds.Inastrangeway,patriotism(爱国主义)waspartlytoblame.DuringWorldWarI,theUSgovernmentencouragedfarmerstosupportthewarbyplantingmorewheat.Asfarmersincreased

theirproduction,theirownprofitsincreased.Followingtheinventionofthefarmtractor,farmersplowedupthousandsofacresofgrasslandandplantedwheat.Wheatproductionrosefast,butnaturesoonturnedsuccessintodisaster.Whenthedroughtbegan,farmersdidn'trealisethat,byplowingupthegrassland,theyhaddestroyedtheland'snaturalprotectionagainstsoilerosion(侵蚀).Asthedroughtcontinued,onepowerfulwindstormafteranotherblewacrosstheGreatPlains.Cropsdriedupandwereblownaway.Nothinggrewforyears.Eventuallymostoftherichtopsoil(表土层)wasblownaway.Asyearspassed,allthemoisture(水分)inthegrounddisappeared,leavingeventhedeeprootsoftreesindust.TheGreatPlainsbecameadesertedplace,asthousandsofpeoplefledtoCaliforniatoescapethedustandlookforwork.Mostfoundonlylow-payingagriculturaljobs.Buttherewerethosewhorefusedtoleave.Forthesefarmers,aprogrammeencouragedthemtomakeuseofnewwaysthatwouldprotecttheprecioustopsoilfromeroding.Butbringingthesoilbacktolifetooktime,andthefarmersstillneededrain.Rainmeantmoretothefarmersthaniteverhadbefore.Itmeantafuture.1.WhichofthefollowingisthemaincauseofturningtheGreatPlainsintotheDustBowl?A.Thelandwasover-farmed.B.Thehighwindsblewawaygoodsoil.C.Therewaslastingdroughtforyear.D.Thereweremanythickblacksandstorms.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthesecondparagraphmean?A.Showupthegrasslandforfarming.B.Openupthegrasslandforfarming.C.Giveupthegrasslandforfarming.D.Giveoutthegrasslandtothefarmers.3.Howisthethirdparagraphmainlydeveloped?A.Bythetimeorder.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byexploringcausesandeffects.D.Byexplainingtheprocess.4.Whatismainlydiscussedinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Measurestobetaken.C.Resultsofthedisaster.三.语法填空B.Futureofthedestroyedregion.D.People'sreactiontothedisaster.KungPaoChickenisatraditionalChinesedishandfamousforitsrichnessandvarietyandregardedbymanypeopleasthemostpopularChinesedish①___(international).YoucanfinditinalmostanyChineserestaurantoverseas.Its②___(popular)hasmadeitanamecardforChinesecuisine(菜肴).Itsflavourcombinessourness,sweetnessandspiciness(辛辣),withthefirsttwoasthemajorones.It'sagoodchoiceforthefeastonSpringFestivalEve,③___mostChinesefamiliesenjoytimetogether.KungPaoChickenisadishfromSichuancuisine,④___itoriginatedfromLucuisineinShandongProvince.Thedishisbelieved⑤___(be)thecreationofDingBaozhen,anofficialduringtheQingDynasty.Ding⑥___(serve)asanofficialinShandongProvinceandlaterinSichuanProvince.Hefavouredpeanutsandspicyfood,soheimprovedtheShandongdishJiangBaoChickenby⑦___(add)chillipepperstoit.AfterhecametoSichuan,thedishwaspopularised.⑧___dishspreadssowidelythatit'sbeenlocalisedinvariousplaces.Somepeopleevenusemeatinstead⑨___chickentocookthisdish.WhenitwenttotheWest,thepeopletherealsoimproveditaccordingto⑩___(they)ownpreferences.答案以及解析一、1.答案：turnedinto解析：2.答案：chemical解析：句意:村民们反对在河边建一个化工厂。

3.答案：flavour解析：句意4.答案：wheat解析：句意5.答案：bomb解析：句意:它有浓郁的牛奶味和一点苦味,许多人喜欢它。:主要作物是小麦,即使在非常陡峭的山坡上也有种植。:炸弹突然在路边爆炸,炸毁了几辆汽车。6.答案：When/Whether解析：句意:我们何时/是否可以有干净的饮用水取决于将采取何种有效措施。所填的词引导主语从句并在从句中作时间状语,所以填when。也可填whether表示“是否”。7.答案：where解析：句意:我们什么时,所以填where。候、在什么地方举行运动会还没有决定。所填的词引导主语从句并在从句中作地点状语8.答案：It解析：句意:据报道,中国已将另一颗人造地球卫星送入轨道。Itisreportedthat...“据报道.....”。9.答案：whoever解析：句意:每年,无论谁制作出最美丽的风筝都会在风筝节上获奖。所填的词引导主语从句并在从句中作主语,表示“无论谁”,所以填whoever。10.答案：Whatmakes解析：what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。11.答案：Itdoesn'tmatterwhether解析：It是形式主语,whether引导的是主语从句。12.答案：Whoevercomeshere解析：whoever引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。13.答案：Ithasbeendecided解析：It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。14.答案：Whatparentssay解析：what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语。15.答