语法系列句子成分及五大基本句式全解练习

简单句五种根本句，并列和复合句WangHansong简单句析不管看上去有多纷繁庞杂的英语句子简之后得到的根本框架皆是由五种根本句式组合而成并熟知英语简单句的五种根本句式是理解所有单复句〔单句，并列句，复合句，复杂句〕的最重要的前提保证；它同时也是学好各大英语语法的必备条件。简单句根本句型构成英语句子最重要最根本的组成局部主语和谓语大局部。而这两局部需要由不同功能的词性充当了解各种词性的功能成为首要任务面是常见几种词性的主要功能简介住类词的文缩1.名词：主语，宾语，表语；宾语补足语2.代词pron主语，宾语，表语语-不多见〕3.动词v.包及物动词Vt不及物动词Vi节不涉及〕4形容词adj.：表语，定语以充当状语〕通常修饰名词或代词5副词adv.状语〔通修饰动词，形词，副词；时也修饰介词短语〕6连词conj.：起连接个或两个以上句子成分句子功能。7冠词：定语，通常修饰名词了解并熟知常见词性的主要功能为我们速抓住子的主干局及理解长难句奠定良好的根底以我们平时在背单词必要理解并记忆其词性有了这个先决条件，再来学习并运用下面五种根本句简单多了。1.S十Vi主谓构造2.S十Vt十O主谓宾构造3.SLinkV十P系表构造4S十Vt十十O2主谓双宾构造5.十Vt十十OC主谓宾+补构造解读〔1S主；＝语LinkV=动词＝表语；O＝语＝间接语通常人＝接宾语常指物OC宾补足语〕仔细观察以上五种根本句式，我们不难发现，各句式中的谓动词类并不完全一样此也提醒我们在背单词过程中对意识的去了解动词的类别，辨清是linkV,Vt还是Vi

五种根句式解析1：十Vi

主构造常不接宾；无被动语)。此句式后往往会用一些时间，地点，频率，程度，方式等状语修饰，以使句意更加明晰。1)主语用以下词性或词形充:n./pron./doing/todo/clause2)用作谓语常不及物动〔或短语有appear,sit,apologize,arrive,e,go,die,disappear,exist;fall,rise;occur,happen,takeplace,eabout,breakout;eout,eup,goout

等等Eg:(1)Mr.Blackdisappearedsuddenly.(2)Theoldnationhasexistedaboutonethousandyears.(3)GreatChangeshavetakenplaceinourcountrysincethe1990s．(4)Somegoodideascameupatthemeetingyesterday.E**先出句子干翻译再适当置译附加1)我们班的每一位同学现在学习都很努力。_____________________________________2)我们学校的大局部班主任通常5:20就起床了。_______________________________________jz*

--3)那场大火大概是前天下午三点爆发的。_____________________________________2.S十Vt(

短)十主谓构有时句子中含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代、动词定、动名或句。：1)Welikesports我们喜爱运动。2)Heknowswhattodonext他知道下一步做什么。3)HebeganlearningEnglishtenyearsago．十年前他开场学英语。4)Ihavedecidedtoplaytheflutewell我已经决定把长笛吹好。5)我昨天与同班同学一起看了一部电影。6)Youplacemeinadifficultsituation.___________________________。7)Theyfinallymanagedtogetalongwithus.____________________________。8have____________________ofthechildren孩子他们照看得很好。17〕Idon’tlikebeingtreatedlikethis.________________________________〔注:少数不及物动词后面可以跟一个一样意义的名词作宾语，这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。常见的能带同源宾语的动词有：lead,live,die,sleep,dream,breathe,smile,laugh,fight,run,sing。例如：1).UndertheleadershipoftheParty,thepeasantsleadahappylife.2).Idreamedaterribledreamlastnight.3).OursoldiersfoughtawonderfulfightagainstthefloodslastAugust.4).Hediedagloriousdeath.3:S十linkV十P主表构造1)HeisanITengineer．他是一位信息工程师。2)Theclothfeelssmooth．这块布料手感细滑。3)Therivernearmyhouselooksmorebeautifulintheearlymorning.条河在清晨看上去格外美丽。

我家附近的那**这句型的动词般分为以两类表状态连系动词。这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,feel,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等。如：4)Weshould__________________anytime.(持谦虚)。5)这种食物尝起来很糟糕。___________________________________.B.表转变或结果系动词。这些词有bee,get,grow,turn,go,e,prove,等等。如：6)Springes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.7)Don'thavethefood._______________________________.(它已经变质了)。8)Thefact_____________________.这个事实证明是正确的。4.S十V十O1O2主谓双宾构＝接宾O2直接宾--word.zl-

--1)Theoldmangavethelittleboysomecoins．老人给了那个小男孩几个硬币。2)Mr.HardeyteachesUSEuropeanLiterature．哈代先生教我们欧洲文学。3)Hisauntboughthimabookandseveraltoys．他婶婶给他买了一本书和几个玩具。4)Hispraisegavegreatencouragement．

他的表扬给了我们很大的鼓舞。5)Theprogrammerisshowingushowtousethe员正在教我们如何使用电脑。(这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人〞，直接宾语常常指“物〞.)如：6herfather____________________________asabirthdaypresent.

昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。TheoldmanistellingthechildrenstoriesintheLongMarch.___________________________________________________这句型还转为其两句A.

动＋直接语for；B.

动＋直接语to。8)Pleaseshowmeyourpicture.=Please______________________________9)I'llofferagoodchanceaslongasyoudontloseheart.=I'lloffer___________________________aslongasyoudon'tloseheart.5:S十V十OC主谓补造1)WethinkCreektoo．我们认为希腊语太难了。2)him

captain我们选他作队长。3)Theydon'twanttoletusgo他们不想让我们走。4)Whenthepolicemencameinfoundtheoldmandead察进来时发现老人死了。5)He1ikestowatchtheboysfootball.

他喜欢看那些男孩们踢足球。**这种句型中的“语＋补语可统称“复合语,作补语的常常名词形容词副、介短、分、词不6〕Keep________________________________,please.请让孩子们安静下来。7〕他把墙漆成白色。--word.zl-

--_____________________________________________________.8〕我们发现他是一个老实的人。______________________________________________.注意动词have,make,see,hear,notice,feel,observe,后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to但如变为动语态那么加to

如：9〕Thebossmadehimdotheworkallday.(

变被语____________________________________________________.E**判下面各分别属简单句哪根本型1.Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.()2.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.()3.Iwilltellmyfriendstoprotecttheenvironment.()4.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.()5.Shegavemehertelephonenumber.()6.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.(

)7.Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime.()8.Didyousleepwell"()9.Horse-ridingandshootingaresomeofthemoreunusualevents.(10.Popmusicmakespeoplefeeleasyandforgetabouttherealworld.()综合能训练1.Don'tsmokeinthemeeting-room，_________"A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD．couldyou2.Cannedfooddonotgo______easily．A.sourlyB.sourC.souringD.soured3.Ishallmakeyourdream_______.A.ingtrueB.etrueCetrueDtrue4.Eveninbedhisuneasinessabouthisricheskepthim________.A．wakeBCD．toawaken5.Ithink_______agoodhabittogetupearly.A．thisB．itC．thatD6.--DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother"don’tknow，______.Adon’tIcareB．norIcareCdon’tcareneitherD．Idon’tcarealso7.Thetelevisionsetwillkeepus_______ofthenewsoftheday．A．informedBC．educatedD．inform8.Thespeakerfoundhimself_______allalone.A.leaveB.toleaveC．1eavingD9.Thedaywewerelongingfor_______atlast．A.ingB．came．toe．e10.Hedidallhecould________thepoorpeopleinthemountainarea．A．helpB．tohelp．helpingD11.Everyminutemustbemadefulluseof________ourlessonsABC．doneD．todo12.Thelifehehasbeenusedto_________disturbednowAB．beCD．isbeing13.—Wouldyouliketoetodinnertonight.—I'dliketo,__I'mtoobusy.

)--word.zl-

--A.andB.soC.asD.but14.Mrs.Blackdoesn'tbelievehersonisabletodesignadigitalcamera,________"A.isheB.isn'theC.doesn'tsheD.doesshe15.Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,_______"A.wasthereB.wasn’tthereC.didn'theD.didhe16.——HowaboutJohn"——Myaunt______agoodstudent.A.believesJohnB.suggestsJohnC.considersJohnD.knowsJohn17.Ilikesinging__shelikesdancing.A.asB.whileC.whichD.when18.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymother________.A.madeformeacakeB.madeacaketomeC.mademeacakeD.madeacakeme19.—Ihearyougotlostyesterday.—Yes,Iwenttothezooandcouldn'tfind______thehotel.A.mywaybacktoB.howIshouldgoforC.howtoreturnD.thewaybackfor20.Onemoreweek,____wewillacplishthetaskA.orB.sothatC.andD.if21.——IhadthoughtIwouldmissthebus.——_________youwouldn'thavearrivedontime.A.OtherwiseB.SoC.ButD.That22.—Whydidn'tyoubuyit"—_______,nordidthecoloragreewithme.A.BecausethepricewashighB.NotonlydiditfitmeC.ForIdislikeditsmaterialD.Neitherwasthequalitysatisfactory23.—Whydidn'tyougototheairporttoseeheroff"—Oh,__A.no,Idid.ButIwaslateB.yes,Ididn't,I'msorryforit.C.yes,Idid.ButIcouldn'tgetthereontimeD.no,I'mtoobusytosparemytime,youknow24.—Theplaceisn'ttoobad,isit"—No,_____it'sabittoocrowded.A.butB.forC.andD.as高考试精选25.Excusemeforbreakingin,_____Ihavesomeforyou.A.soB.andC.butD.yet26.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut______willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which27.Youhadoneofyourteethpulledoutyesterday,_______"A.hadyouB.hadn'tyouC.didyouD.didn'tyou28.______someofthisjuice--perhapsyou'lllikeit.A.TryingB.TryC.TotryD.Havetried29.Onemoreweek,_________wewillacplishthetask.A.orB.sothatC.andD.if30.—Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,______"—ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didn'tyouD.don'tyou31.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee_____shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway"--word.zl-

--A.andB.thenC.orD.otherwise32.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,____,infactIwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while33.Thereisnolightinthedormitory.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,_____"A.didn'ttheyB.don'ttheyC.mustn'ttheyD.haven'tthey34.—Idon'tlikechicken_____fish.—Idon'tlikechicken,____IlikefishA.and;andB.and;butC.or;andD.or;but35.Besuretowritetous,______"A.willyouB.aren'tyouC.canyouD.mustn'tyou36.______fromBeijingtoLondon!A.HowlongwayitisB.WhatalongwayisitC.HowlongwayisitD.Whatalongwayitis37.Don’tsmokeinthe________"A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyou38.Bill’saimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisingTVisillegal,______"A.isn’titB.isitC.isn’theD.ishe39.ThereareeighttipsinDrRoger’slectureonsleep,andoneofthemis:______tobedearlyunlessyouthinkitisnecessary.A.doesn’tgoB.nottogoC.notgoingD.don’tgo40.________straightonandyou’llseeachurch.Youwon’tmissA.GoB.GoingC.IfyougoD.Whengoing并列句复合句句子种1、按句的用途可分种：1陈述句〔肯定、否认issixyearsold./Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2疑问句〔一般、特殊、选择、反意--theylikeskating"/Wheredidyougoyesterday"--Ishesixorsevenyearsold"/Maryswim,can’tshe/Let’sgo,shallwe3祈使句：Becareful,boys./Don’ttalkinclass4感慨句：Whatanexcitingfilmitwas!/Howclevertheboyis!2、按句的构造可分种：〕单句：有一个语或并主〕和一谓语〔并列谓--HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.--TomandMikeareAmericanboys.--Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.2)并列：并列词and,but,or等或号〔两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。如：--Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.--Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。〕合句：有一个一以上句句子词性从〔主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句语句状从句。并列句分类1、表示连接个同概，常用and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,then等连接。如：Theteacher’snameisSmith,andthestudent’snameisJohn.2、表示选，常用的连词有either…or…,otherwise等。如：--word.zl-

--Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.3、表示转折常用的连词有still,however,yet,while,when等。如：Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、表示因关系，常用的连词有for,therefore等。如：Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriceharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.复合句复合句也称主从句，即主句和从句，从句须有引导词或叫连词引出，否那么复合句不成立。由于连词既起连接主句和从句的作用，说明主从句之间的关系在从句中充当一定的成分意义中的连词常成为考察的焦点。从有三：1.名词性句(包括语从句宾语从句、语从句同位语从句1)Whenthetrainwillarriveisunknown.2)Everybodyknowsthatmoneydoesn'tgrowontrees.3)Thisiswhatweshoulddo.4)Shetoldusherhopethatshewouldbeeapianist.2.定语从(形容词从句)HeisthemanwhoIsawintheparkyesterday.3.状语从(副词性句)Heisabsenttoday,becauseheisill.Exercise判断以句子是简单、并列还是复合句〔〕1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.〔〕2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.〔〕3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere"〔〕4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandebackhomeatsevenintheevening.〔〕5.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.〔〕6.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.〔〕7.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.〔〕8.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit"〔〕9.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.〔〕10.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.高考考探讨--word.zl-

--1、简单句的五大句型是最根本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考察这种根底句型的题不多是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最根本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。2.

祈句反疑问和感慨是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考察。一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的开展趋势。3考对简单句列句和各种复合句的考察常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如and,or,while，及其它连接名词性从句语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。4、各种主从复合句的考常常与动词的时态系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显时间让步条从中，如果主句是将来时从那用一现式表将，这一点在高考中经常考察Wewilloutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.稳固练：一、选填空：1.Givemeonemoreminute____I’llbeabletofinishit.A.andB.orC.ifD.so2.It’sthethirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,__________"A.hasn’theB.isn’theC.isn’titD.hasn’tit3.Letuspass,___________"A.shan’tweB.shallweC.won’tweD.willyou4.Isupposehe’sserious,__________"A.doIB.don’tIC.isheD.isn’the5.I’msorrytohavetosaythis,____youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight.A.andB.butC.soD.because6.Johnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and____.A.Henryhasn’ttooB.HenryalsohasnoteitherC.neitherHenryhasD.neitherhasHenry7.Therearemanysportsloversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,____othersenjoyswimming.A.orB.forC.whileD.so8.---Doyoufeellikegoingout____wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome"---I’dliketogoout.A.orB.andC.butD.so9.----Youruncleisn’tanengineer,ishe"----____.A.Yes,heisn’tB.No,heisn’tC.No,heisD.Heis10.____friendly____toeveryone!A.How,issheB.What,issheC.How,sheisD.What,sheis11.Marywenttobedearly,____shefeltverytired.A.orB.soC.forD.yet12.Asheisstrong,____canliftonehundredpoundsA.yetheB.butheC.heD.and13.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.TurnC.TurnedD.Toturn14.----don’tlikechicken____fish.----Idon’tlikechicken____Ilikefishverymuch.A.or,butB.and,butC.or,andD.and,and--word.zl-

--15.--Wouldyouliketoetodinnertonight"--’dliketo,____I’mtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but二、用当的连接词空:1.Heclosed

thewindow,

turned

offthelight________

left

theroom.2.SheisAmerican________shespeaksChineseveryfluently.3.Itisfoggytoday,________wecan’tseedistanthills.4.Helikessports,________I’drathercollectstamps.5.________hecouldn’tunderstandwas________fewerandfewershowedtheirinterestinhislesson.6.IwishedwecouldgosightseeinginHangzhouthissummerand________wecouldbuysomebooksonourwaybackinShanghai.7.Sheexpressedthehope________shewouldwriteanovelsomeday.8.Thegirl________Englishisverygoodwonthefirstplaceinthe100-metrerace,________madeallofusveryhappy.9.Pleasetellusthetime________weshallhavetheChineseexam.10.________ayoungman,hewasastorekeeper________laterapostmaster.三、将下句子译成语：1.他下决心不再浪费时间和精力在