高考英语真题词义猜测题专练

高考英语真题词义猜测题专练做题方法指导词义猜测题是高考英语阅读题的一种必考题型，难度中等偏上，常用以下方法：.根据前后语法关系即根据所在段落、前后句的定语从句限定修饰关系，同位语从句的解释说明关系，代词指代，破折号等语法关系来判断词义。.注意表逻辑关系的词注意前后句子的转折、因果等关键信息词，如however,therefore,thus等。也可利用同义关系，如namely,similarly等。2.利用上下文语境根据段落语篇意思，特别是前后两句话语境往往也可猜出词义。4.利用构词法猜词义如un,in,dis表否定，re表“再...”，co表示合作等构词法知识。5.利用背景常识利用日常生活和与文化背景有关的常识可以准确猜测句中生词的含义。真题练习（2020年全国卷I）WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it,syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"currency"inparagraph4referto?A.DebtB.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.（2020全国二）Thefurtradekeptnutriacheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?Boomed. B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable. D.Crashed.（2020全国二）AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource（来源）ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inparagraph3referto?A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.（2020全国三）Yet“Apes"ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear,.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants,""TheHangoverPartI”and"Zookeeper,"havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreatedproperly.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Listingcompletely. B.Directingprofessionally.C.Promotingsuccessfully D.Watchingcarefully.（2019年全国卷I）Buthe,snervous."I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…"Christripsonthe"-ld,"apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.n...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.inparagraph2refer25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stumbles"inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.(2019•全国卷n)Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.(2018年全国卷I)Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Complex. B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.（2018年全国卷二）TheCRF'sproduceis“green”,madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries—withSichuanpepper,redbean（豆），cheeseandotherflavors—alsodoeswellandisfuntotaste.Andforchocolatesnobs,whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers，theConnoisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfromTogo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.Thewords“chocolatesnobs”inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho .areparticularaboutchocolateknowlittleaboutcocoabeanslookdownuponothersliketotrynewflavors（2018年全国卷二）Ifyouhavea_juicer,_youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert. B.Adrink.C.Acontainer. D.Amachine.

（2017年全国卷一）Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher,sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?A.Thetube. B.Thestill.C.Thehole. D.Thecup.（2016全国二）-OnceIhadaboywhoworkedexperimentallywithTinkertoysinhisfreetime.Hisconstructionsfilledashelfintheartclassroomandagoodpartofhisbedroomathome.Iwasdelightedatthepresenceofsuchastudent.Herewasanexceptionallycreativemindatwork.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistantinclasswhosecreativitywouldinfect（感染）otherstudents.Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI'mjustnotcreative.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean?B.Drawback.D.Burden.B.Drawback.D.Burden.C.Difficulty.

（2016•全国卷印・）Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.Oneof