2012年山东省济南市中考英语试题与答案和解析

语法规则在英语中的运用英语作为一门语言学科有其自身的规律性，而研究其规律性，并找到一套行之有效科学合理的语法规则，是学好英语的关键之所在。而对语法规则的深入理解和运用又往往起到事半功倍的效果。笔者在长期的英语教学实践中，探索出了一套易记、易学、实用性强的语法规则。现就一般现在时态、一般过去时态和现在进行时态，做如下介绍：一一般现在时态下的系动词be和动词系动词be1介绍一般现在时态下的系动词be包括amisare,对于系动词be的学习是初学英语的人走进英语世界的窗口，也是了解英语语言规律的起点。对以后的英语学习至关重要。2规则Iam,youare,单数is，复数are3运用1）Iastudent。2）Youateacher。3）Theapplebig4）TherulerswhiteKeys:1)am2)are3)is4)are4句式变化规则1）否定句变化规则：只需在amisare后面加not,同时可以缩写为isn’t或aren’t(amnot不能缩写)其余不变.2)一般疑问句变化规则：只需将amisare提前，大小写互变，句号变问好。3)特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）变化规则：不能出现划线部分，找一个正确的疑问词放在最前面，amisare放在疑问词之后，句号变问号。5运用Heisatschool1）Heatschool.（否定句）2）heatschool?（一般疑问句）3）he？（提问划线部分）Keys：1)isn’t2)Is3)Whereis动词1介绍学好英语的关键在于学好动词，而动词的灵活性和多变性对初学者来说又不易掌握。因此，系统的研究动词，了解动词以及掌握助动词在句子中的运用至关重要。2规则1)当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾一般加s,以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的则加es,以辅音字母加y结尾的动词则变y为i再加es,其余人称动词是动词原形.2)含动词句子的句式变化，首先要引进助动词does或do第三人称单数用does,其余人称用do.含助动词does或do的句子，动词必须是动词原形。3）否定句变化规则:只需将助动词放在主语之后，动词之前并加not可以缩写为doesn’t或don’t，同时动词变为动词原形。4）一般疑问句变化规则：将助动词放在最前面，同时动词变为动词原形，句号变问号。5）特殊疑问句（对划线提问）变化规则：不能出现划线部分，找一个正确的疑问词放在最前面，助动词放在疑问词之后，同时动词变为动词原形，句号变问号。3运用Hegetsupat7a.m1)Heat7a.m.(否定句)2）heat7a.m？(一般疑问句)3）he？（提问划线部分）Keys:1)doesn’tgetup2)Doesgetup在分词doing一块来完成的。2现在分词的构成：动词的现在分词一般在词尾加ing,以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing.以重读闭音节结尾的动词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母应先双写这一字母再加ing.3现在进行时的判断方法：1)看时间点2)抓动作点3）记结构be+doing4)了解情景。4运用1）It’s8am,thestudents（have）class(时间点)2）Listen,abird(sing)inthetree,(动作点)3）Theyare(play)ontheground.(结构be+doing)4)Pleasebequiet,mybaby(sleep).(情景)Keys：1）arehaving2）issinging3）playing4）issleeping5规则现在进行时态助动词be的运用和句式变化可参照一般现在时态下的系动词be的用法和句式变化规则6运用SheisreadingEnglishnow.1)ShereadingEnglishnow.（否定句）2)shereadingEnglishnow？（一般疑问句）3)shenow？（提问划线部分）Keys:1)isn’t2)Is3)Whatisdoing综上所述，运用语法规则进行教学，不仅能节约时间，更能提高课堂学习效率。当然，对语法规则的学习也不能仅仅停留在机械背诵上，更重要的还是要理解，并能灵活的运用。科学合理的运用语法规则进行教学，将有助于我们全面提高教学水平。济南2012年初三年级学业水平考试英语试题第I卷(选择题共85分)Ⅰ.听力测试A)听录音，在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。每个句子听一遍。(5分)1.A.Ieatbreakfastatseveno'clock.B.HismathteacherisMr.Martin.C.Rickwantstojointhemusicclub.2.A.Doyoulikethrillers?B.CanLucyplaytheguitar?C.Whataboutgoingtoamovie?3.A.There'sapandainthezoo.B.Let'sgotoschoolrightnow.C.Celiaishavinglunchwithhermother.4.A.Whydoyoulikethegiftsomuch?B.Didyoutakeashowerthismorning?C.Howareyougettingonwithyourstudy?5.A.I’dlikeasandwich.B.IwanttobeareporterwhenIgrowup.C.Alison,pleasetakeoutyournotebookB)听录音，从每题A、B、C三幅图画中选出与听到的对话内容相符的一项。每段对话听两遍。(5分).10.C)在录音中，你将听到一段对话及五个问越。请根据对话内容及问题选择正确将案。对话及问题听两便。(5分)11.A.InMexico.B.InShanghai.C.InParis.12.A.Doinghishomework.B.Readingbooks.C.Havingaparty.:Z+xx+k.Com]13.A.Windy.B.Coldandrainy.C.Sunny.14.A.Herfather.B.HerbrotherC.Hergrandmother.15.A.OnSunday.B.Nextweek.C.OnMother’sDayD)在录音中，你将听到一篇短文及五个问题。请根据短文内容及问题选择正确答案。短文及问题听两遍。(5分)16.A.Aworker.B.Astudent.C.Asoldier.17.A.Fourweeks.B.Sixyears.C.Twomonths.18.A.Cleaningtherooms.B.GivingEnglishlessons.C.Drivingataxi.19.A.Three.B.Five.C.Eight.20.A.BecauseheplannedtogotoEngland.B.BecausehewantedtomakefriendswithJohn.C.BecausehehadmanyAmericanfriends,heneededtotalkwiththem.Ⅱ.读音选词根据所给句意和音标，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。（5分）21.Toeatabalanceddietishelpfultokeep______//.A.fatB.feetC.fitD.foot22.Mybrotherwasbornon______//27th,1979.A.MayB.myC.meD.Mary23.Thesupermarketis______//ourschool.A.pearB.wearC.earD.near24.I’dliketo______yourquestionsatanytime.A.untilB.uncleC.auntD.answer25.Allofusthinkit’s______togetthereontime.A.importanceB.importantC.impossibleD.improveⅢ.选择填空从每题A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出一个最佳答案。（30分）26.Iwanttohave______Englishpenpal.A.aB.theC.anD./27.—Isyourbrotherrunninginthepark?—No,______isswimmingintheriver.sheB.hisC.herD.he28.—What’syourfavoritefruit?—Ilike______best.A.applesB.broccoliC.potatoesD.cabbages29·—Didyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?—Yes.Wesang______danceduntillateatnight.A.butB.ifC.andD.so30.—Thanks______joiningtheTalkShow!—You'rewelcome.A.byB.onC.ofD.for31.—______doyougotoworkeveryday?—Bybike.A.WhatB.WhoC.HowD.When32.—Whatkindofbooksdoyoulike?—Ilikefunnystorybooks.They'revery_.A.boringB.lazyC.quietD.interesting33.I'm13yearsoldandmysisteris15yearsold.SomysisterisA.oneB.twoC.threeD.four34.—Whydoyouwanttostayathome?—BecauseI______goodwhenIamwithmyfamily.A.smeltB.feelC.tasteD.sound35.WhichisthepictureofthebesttennisplayerinChina?36.Asvolunteers,theyshoulddo______tohelpthechildrenintrouble.A.nothingB.anybodyC.somethingD.somebody37.—Cathy,couldyoucometoourartclubtomorrow?—______.A.I'msorrytohearthatB.Sure,I'dlovetoC.NevermindD.You'rewelcome38.—Yourpaintingsaresogreat,David!Whendidyoulearn______?—Threeyearsago.A.tomeetB.toswimC.topaintD.tosing39.LinShuhaois______famous______allthebasketballfansinChinaknowhim.A.too,toB.enough,toC.so,thatD.as,as40.—Sonia,doyouthinkyouaredifferentfromLinda?—Yes.I'm______atdrawingthanher.A.betterB.goodC.wellD.best41.—DoyouknowTom?—Sure,wehave______inthesamevillageformanyyears.A.leftB.livedC.comeD.gone42.Therearemanyflowersandtreeson______sidesoftheCenturyRoadA.eachB.everyC.bothD.all43.Attentionplease.Theplanewill______infiveminutes.A.takeoutB.takeafterC.takeoffD.takecare44.It's9:30pm,children!______istimetogotobed.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.They45.—______hardTonyisworking!—Yes.Weshouldlearnfromhim.A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa46.—Look!Abookisonthefloor.Whoseisit?—It______beRick's.Ithashisnameonit.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.mustD.need47.—Mum,1amhungry.May1havesome______?—Ofcourse.Butdon'teattoomuch.A.breadB.noodleC.dumplingD.hamburger48.Inwhichpicturecanweseethestudentsofthepoorvillagereadingbooksdonatedbyus?49.—Pleasedrive______whenyoupassaschool.—OK.A.nearlyB.earlyC.slowlyD.really50.—HaveyoueverbeentoDisneyland?—No,______.IhopeIcangotherenextyearA.alwaysB.sometimesC.neverD.often51.—I'msorryIbrokeyourglass.—Becarefulnexttime.A.SureB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.Yes,pleaseD.No,thanks52.—Couldyouplease_______themusic?Mybabyissleeping.—Sorry.IwilldoitrightawayA.openupB.turndownC.dropbyD.dressup53.Kevinwillgivelesshomeworktohisstudentsifhe______ateacher.A.becomesB.becomeC.becameD.becoming54.—Howoftendothestudentsplaysports?A.TwiceadayB.SincelastnightC.FortwohoursD.Amonthago55.—I'mdoingasurvey.Couldyoutellme______—Sure.Iusuallygotoworkat7:00am.A.whyyougotoworkB.howyougotoworkC.whenyougotoworkD.whoyougotoworkwithIV.完形填空阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。(10分)Dogsarepeople'sfriends.Theywilldoanythingtheirmasters(主人)askthemtodoandtheydotheirdutyverywell.Curlyismyblackdog.Heisbigandstrong.Heisstrongenoughtocarrymeonhis56.Helikesrunningandplayingwithme.Helikesto57.myfatheraroundinthefields,too.Onedaymyfathertookoffhiscoat.putitontheground58abigtreeandsaidtoCurly.“59mycoat.”Curlysatdownonthecoat.Thenmyfatherrememberedhehadto60dinnerfortheFamily.61hewenthomeandforgotallabouthiscoatanddogLateintheeveningI62mydogandlookedforhimeverywhereintheyard.Icalled,"Curly,Curly!"ButCurlydidnotanswer.Soonmyfatherwantedsomethinginhiscoatpocket(口袋).Suddenlyheremembered63hehaddone.Quicklyhewentbacktothebigtree.Whatdoyouthinkhesaw?Curlywas64sittingonthecoat!Hewasafraidsomeonewouldtakeit65.56.A.handB.backC.footD.leg57.A.followB.putC.goD.run58.A.forB.underC.toD.from59.A.LookB.ListenC.WatchD.Hear60.A.fixB.discoverC.cookD.tell61.A.BecauseB.SoC.ThoughD.Or62.A.hopedB.rodeC.missedD.saw63.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.who64.A.alwaysB.oftenC.stillD.usually65.A.awayB.inC.downD.forV.补全对话阅读对话，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案完成对话。(5分)A:Hello,mayIspeaktoAnn,please?B:Hello.66IsthatMary?A:Yes.Ihearyouweren'twellyesterday.67B:Ifelloffthebikeandhurtmyself.A:68B:Muchbetter.Thanks.MaybeIcangotoschooltomorrow.A:Oh,Ithinkyoushouldstayinbedandhavearest.B:Maybeyou'reright.69A:Don'tworry.Icanhelpyou.B:It'sverykindofyou.70A:It'smypleasure.66.A.Thatsoundsboring.B.It'sablueone.C.ThisisAnnspeaking.D.Isthisenough?67.A.Ineedtobuysomedrinksandsnacks.B.Idon'tthinkso.C.I'dliketogotoschool.D.Whatwasthematter?68.A.SeeyoutomorrowB.Ineedtogetthereontime.C.Areyoubetternow?D.Openthedoor.69.A.ItmustbeDavid's.B.Howdoyoudo?C.Whatcolorisit?D.ButI'mworriedaboutmylessons.70.A.Idon'tknow.B.Thanksalot.C.Hereyouare.D.Where'smyhomework?VI.阅读理解。阅读下列短文，每ABCD四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成句子的最佳答案ABill,FrankandDavewerethreebrothers.Everyyeartheysenttheirmotherexpensivegiftsonherbirthday,.Theylikedtoshowherhowrichtheywere.Theeldestbrother.Bill,hadalotofmoneyandhewantedhismothertohavethemostexpensivegifts,buthedidn’tknowwhattobuy.Soheputanadinthenewspaper.“Wanted－thegreatestgiftformymother.”Aboutaweekbeforehismother’sbirthdayamancametohisoffice.Hebroughtabigbird.“Thisbird.”themansaid,“canspeaktenlanguagesandsingsomepopsongs.”“Really?I’dliketolistentoit,”Billsaid.ThemanmadethebirdtalkinFrenchandtellajokeinJapanese.Thenthebirdsangabeautifulsong.Billwasveryhappyandpaidninethousanddollarsforthebird.ThenextdayBillsentthebirdtohismotherwithabirthdaycard.Thedayafterhismother’sbirthdayhecalledhismother.“Well,mother”heasked,“Whatdoyouthinkofthebird?”“Oh,it’sverydelicious,dear.”saidhismother.71.Whoistheeldestbrother?A.DaveB.BillC.JackD.Frank72.WhatdidBillputinthenewspaper?A.AshowB.AmagazineC.AnadD.Areport73.Howmanylanguagescouldthebirdspeak?A.FiveB.SevenC.FightD.Ten74.HowmuchdidBillpayforthebird?A.NinedollarsB.TendollarsC.NinethousanddollarsD.Tenthousanddollars75.WhatdidBillsendtohismotherforherbirthday?A.AbirdwithacardB.SomemoneyC.AjokeD.AsongBLiRuyan,13andhisclassmatesinShanghaididsomethingspeciallastsummer.Theyworkedingroupswithtrafficpoliceatdifferentcrossroadsinthecity.Holdingsmallredflags,thestudentshelpedkeeporderandstoppedpeoplefromjaywalking(乱穿马路).Aspartoftheschoolproject.Li’sschoolhasencourageditsstudentstodomorecommunity(社区)work.AfterthehalfdayofexhaustingworkLitoldhimselfnottojaywalkanymore.“Ithinkthroughcommunityworkwegettohelpothersand,moreimportantly,wegrowasenseofresponsibility(责任感),”hesaidCommunityserviceisanimportantpartofeducationforteenagersaroundtheworld.IntheUSandCanada,highschoolstudentsneedtofinish40hoursofcommunityservicebeforegraduation.ForthoseAmericanswhohavefinished1,400hoursofcommunitywork,theycanbeawardednearly$5,000(33,000yuan).Chinesestudentstodaydomorecommunitywork,too.Forexample,startingfrom2010,Sichuanhighschoolstudentshavebeenaskedtodo10daysofcommunitywork.Itwillbecomepartoftheirschoolgrade.QianLijun,16,andherclassmatesinSuzhou,Jiangsuwenttoalocaleldercarehomethiswinter.TheyputSpringFestivalcouplets(对联)onthewallsandcheeredupthepeoplelivingthere.LiXiaotian,15,ofAnshansaidheusedtoclearflyers(小广告)fromtelephonepoles(电线杆)withhisclassmates.Theybroughttools,towelsandbucketsandworkedforthreehoursunderthesummersun.“Itwastiring,butseeingthecleanpoleswithoutuglyads—wereallyfeltproud,”hesaid.76.WhatwasthespecialthingLiRuyandidlastsummer?A.HejoinedaspecialgroupofClass13.B.Hebecomeapoliceman.C.Hehelpedthetrafficpoliceatacrossroad.D.Hestoppedpeoplefromtalking.77.Fromthispassageweknowthat_______.A.LiRuyan’sschoolisinthemiddleofabigcity.B.LiRuyanandhisclassmatesdosomecommunityworkeveryday.C.Ruyanandhisclassmatesoftenholdsmallflagswhentheycrosstheroads.D.Ruyanandhisclassmatesthinkitisgoodforthemtodosomecommunitywork.78.Communityservice______A.hasbecomeaveryimportantpartofeducationonlyinChina.B.isveryimportantinschooleducationinsomeforeigncountries.C.istheonlypartoftheschoolprojectforteenagersaroundtheworld.D.needsstudentstofinishatleast1,000hoursofcommunitywork.79.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ThestudentsinShanghaihelpedpeopletokeepthetrafficrules.B.ThestudentsinSuzhouvisitedtheoldpeople’shome.C.ThestudentsinAnshancleanedthewallsunderthesummersun.D.ThestudentsinSichuansentSpringFestivalcoupletstotheoldpeople.80.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Communityservicehelpsstudentsgrowasenseofresponsibility.B.Throughcommunityworkstudentsgettohelpothersandlearnsomething.C.StudentsarenowencouragedtodomorecommunityworkinmanyschoolinChina.D.StudentswillbeawardedmuchmoneyfordoingmorecommunityworkinCanadaandtheUS.C.CanyourememberaworldbeforetheInternet?Ifyouansweris“no,”thenyouareprobablyamillennial.MillennialsarethenewgenerationofyoungAmericans.Theywerebornbetween1982and1992.Thereare33millionofthem,andtheyarejuststartingtoentertheworkforce(劳动力).ManyexpertsbelievethatmillennialsaredifferentfromyoungAmericansofpastgenerations.Theyalsobelievethatmillenialswillchangetheworkforceinimportantways.Howaremillennialsdifferent?Theyarethefirstgenerationborninthecomputerage.Theinternethasalwaysbeenapartoftheirlives.Theyspendabout16hoursaweekontheInternet,andthisdoesn’tincludee-mail.Andtheyspend72hoursaweekusingotherelectronicmedia(媒体),includingmobilephonesandvideogames.Theyare“nationspeakers”ofthelanguageofthecomputerage.Peoplewhowerebornearlierwillneverbenativespeakersofthatlanguage.Whynot?Theydidnotgrowup“speaking”it.Howwillmillennialschangetheworkforce?Toanswerthatquestion,itisimportanttounderstandhowmillennialsusetheInternet.TheyusetheInternettocommunicate.TheyvisitwebsitesuchasFaceBookandMySpaceeveryday.Theyshare(分享)ideas,music,information,games,andfriendshipswithpeopleallovertheworld.Whentheystartworking,theywillwanttosharetheirworkandideaswithothers.Itisalsoimportanttounderstandthewaymillennialsgrewup.Thairparentsandteachersgavethemalotofattention.Theytaughtthemthattheiropinionswerevaluable(有价值的).Asaresult,amnymillennialsareverycinfident.Atwork,theywillexpecttheirco-workersandbossestolistentotheiropinions.Millennialsalsogrewupwithalotofstructureintheirlives.Manyofthemwenttoschoolfromtheageoftwoorthreeandplayedonsportsteams.Atwork,theywillexpecttherulestobeclear.Theywillalsoexpectastrongbutfairboss,likeacoachonasportsteam.Theywillfollowthepersonincharge(主管)ifheorsheisfair.Buttheywillnotfollowanunfairboss.Theywillalsoexpecttheirworktobefunandcreative,similartotheirexperienceonasportsteam.TheseareafewofthechangesthatexpertsbelievemillennialswillbringtotheAmericanworkforce.Buttheworldischangingveryfast.Therewillprobablybemorechangesthataredifficulttoimaginetoday.81.Accordingtothefirstparagraphofthepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Millennialsbelongtoanewgeneration.B.MillennialswerebornabouttenyearsagoC.Millennialsareenteringtheworkforce.D.MillennialsknowlittleabouttheworldbeforetheInternet.82.WhichisthemainreasonthatmaketheexpertsbelievemillennialsaredifferentfromyoungAmericansofpastgenerations?A.Millennialscanspeakabetternativelanguage.B.MillennialsgrowupwithcomputersandInternet.C.Millennialsusemobilephonesande-mailsoften.D.Millennialsspendlonghoursplayingvideogames.83.Whydothemillennialsexpercttosharetheirworkandideaswithothers?A.BecausetheyknowhowtousetheInternettomakenewfriends.B.Becausetheyunderstandhowtocommunicatewithnewfriends.C.Becausetheygrowupsharingideas,music,information,games,andfriendshipswithothersbytheInternet.D.BecausetheInternetcanprovidealltheinformationtheyneed.84.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Millennialsgrowupwithmoreattentionfromtheirparentsandteachers.B.Manymillennialsareshowingmoreconfidentthanothersatwork.C.Manymillennialsgivemorevaluableopinionstotheirco-workersandbosses.D.Manyofthemillennialshavehadfunandcreativeexperienceswhentheyareonsportsteams.85.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.A.thenumberofthemillennialshadcometo33millionbytheendof1982B.mostofthemillennnialslearnnativecomputerlanguageinschools.C.millennialsrequiretheirbossestobehealthierandtherulescleareratworkD.morechangeswillprobablybebroughttotheAmericanworkforcebymillennials第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共35分）VII.选词填空（10分）A.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空（每次限用一次）ButhappyNobodyfriendsaroundThismorningabigrockwasintheway.(86)_____knewwhereitwasfrom.Allthecarshadtogo(87)_____it.Bensawtherock.Hetriedtomoveit.(88)_____itwassoheavy.Hecalledthreeofhis(89)______tohelp.Littlebylittletherockwasmovedoutofthestreet.Theypushedittoanearbypark.Benwas(90)_____toseepeoplesitontherockinthepark.B.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词，并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词（每次限用一次）comegivepickflybeJoanisanicegirl.Onedaywhenshewastakingawalkinthepark,shesawabirdlyingonthegrass.Joanfoundthattherewassomethingwrongwithitswing(翅膀)anditcounldn’tfly.Sherantothebirdand(91)_____itup.Joantookithome.Shelookedafterthebirdverycarefully.Soonthebirdgotbetter.Joanletthebird(92)_____away.Now,thebirdoften(93)_____toJoan’swindow.Eachtimethebird(94)_____somefoodbyJoan.ItseemsthatthebirdenjoysvisitingJoan.ForJoan,thebird(95)_____herfriendsinceshebroughtithome.VIII.改写句子按括号中的要求完成句子，每个空格填一个单词。（5分）96.Thetouristsareonthebeach.(改为否定句)Thetourists____________onthebeach.97.Ihavewaitedforthebusfortwentyminutes.(就句子划线部分提问)____________haveyouwaitedforthebus?98.“Whendoyouholdyourschoolartexhibition?”thereporteraskedme.(改写句子，句意不变)Thereporteraskedme______we______ourschoolartexhibition.99.Youshouldputyourheartintothetestandshouldn’tthinkaboutanythingelsewhenyouprepareforit.(改写句子，句意不变)Youshould_____________thetestwhenyouprepareforit.100.Teenagersshouldreadmorebookstoimprovetheirreadingskills.(改写句子，句意不变)Teenagers’readingskillscan____________iftheyreadmorebooks.IX.完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子，每个空格填一个单词。101.在周末，我经常和朋友们一起踢足球。Ioften__________withmyfriendsonweekends.102.因为离学校很远，所以我不得不乘公交车去上学。I____________gotoschoolbybusbecausemyhomeisfarfromtheschool.103.我多么希望有一天能够得到林丹的亲笔签名。HowIwishtogetthe___________LinDanoneday!104.近几年来，济南的西部发上了巨大的变化。Greatchangeshave__________inwesternJinaninthelastfewyears.105.伦敦奥运主场馆设计成碗状，其顶部由钢结构支撑。“伦敦碗“象征着盛满希望。London’sOlympicStadiumisdesignedtobelikeabowlandtheroof__________byasteelframe.“LondonBowl”representsfullofhope.X.任务型阅读。阅读短文，按要求完成各题Closeyoureyes.Thinkaboutahappymemory.Whatdoyousee?Whatdoyousmell?Domemoriessmell?HaraidVogtandAveryGilbertthinkso.Smellandmemoryareveryimportanttothem.Why?Theysellsmells.Whodotheythesmellsto?Andhowcantheysellasmell?BusinessescometoVogtandGilbertforhelp.VogtandGilbertfindasmelltogowiththebusiness’sproduct.Forexample,VogtandGilbertworkedwithandexpensivehotelinNewYorkCity.Theydevelopedasmelllikeexpensivecologne(科隆香水)forthehotel’sown