2016年同等学力英语真题

2016年同等学力英语一卷部PartIOralCommunication(10points)SectionADirections:Inthissectiontherearetwo pletedialoguesandeachdialoguehathreeblanksandthreechoicesA,BandC,takenfromthedialogue.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletethedialogueandmarkyouranswerontheAnswersheet.DialogueWillyoutakecareofthatforDoesithaveanythingvaluableHowdoyouwanttosendClerk:MayIhelpCustomer:Yes,I’dliketosendthislettertomyfamilyinEngland.Clerk:Didyouwriteyourreturnaddressontheenvelope?Clerk: Customer:IguessI’llsenditairmail.Clerk: Customer:YesIenclosedaheckandsomephotographs.Clerk:Thenyou’dettersenditbyregisteredmail.CustmerThatsagood Clerk:I’msorry,sir.You’llhavetotakeyourlettertothenextDialogueYoucan’tevenstayinthesunforfiveIguessYouwantmyWinne:Oh,man!Nobodycanstandthiskindofscorchingheat.Marc:Absolu y! Winne:Anyway,Iguessthisafternoonthere’snothingwecandobutstayMarc: Idon’twanttobetakentothehospitalforheatexhaustionorsomething.Winne: Drinkalotofliquidsandspareyourselftheworstoftheheat!Marc:Yean,you’reright.GottodrinkalotofSectionDirections:Inthissectionthereisone pleteinterviewwhichhasfourblanksandfourchoicesA,B,CandD,takenfromtheinterview.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletetheinterviewandmakyouranswerontheAnswersheet.I llycan’tButnowIdon’tneedtoworryanyYou’reknownasthefirstbillionaireauthorButthat’snotjustaboutInterviewer:YouhavepublishedsixpopularbooksInterviewee:Interviewer:SohowhasbeingthefirstbillionaireauthoraffectedyourperceptionofInterviewee:Idressbetter.Well,yucandefiniyaffordbetterclothes.8Ithinkthesinglebiggestthingthatmoneygaveme--andobviouslyIcamefromacewhereIwasainglemotheranditreallywashandtomouthatonepoint.Itwaslillyaspoorasyoucangetwithoutbeinghomelessatonepoint.9Never.Interviewer:AreyouinacenowwhereyoucanacceptthatyouwillalwaysbeInterviewee:Interviewer:AndwillyoubewritingInterviewee:Oh,definiy.Ican’t,yeah,10Well,Imean,youcouldtiemyhandstomysides,Isuppose,butIhavetowrite.Formyownmentalhealth,Ineedtowrite.PartIIVocabulary(10Directions:Inthisparttherearetensentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Suchexperiencehelpspromoteone’salertnesstoothercultures,aswellasabetterappreciationofone’sownculture. B.C. D.Ifyoualwaystrytofindfaultwithothers,itmeansthatyouhavegained B.C. D.TheelectionwillbebroughtforwardtoJuneassomanpeopeareonholidayin B.C. D.Astothequestionofrefreshments,Ihouldhinkorangejuiceandpotatochipswillbe B.C. D.Watchingthesekidsgrowbringsmesatisfactionthatisdifficultto B.Cde D.Thejournalpublishedaseriesofarticlesthatreviewedtheprospectsforaneweraofmedici B.C. D.Ifyoudon’tslowdownandtakeabreak,you’llbeburnedoutvery B.C. D.FollowingourmergingwithSmithBrothers,thenew will,fromnowonbeknownasSmithandMurphyInc. B.C. D.Onlynative-borncitizensareeligiblefortheU.S. B.C. D.Itwas38degreesandtheairconditioningbarelycooledthe B.C. D.PartIIIReadingComprehension(25points)SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,BCandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.PassageWhatdidyoustudyatniversity?Ifitwassomethingalongthelinesoflaworbusiness,youmightwanttolookawaynow.That'sbecauseaccordingtonewresearch,whichhasfoundalinkbetwenouruniversityubjectsandour alities,youhaveselfish,uncooperativetendenciesandarenotveryntouchwithyourfeelings.Ontheplusside,you'reprobablythelifeandsoulofaparty,hefidingssuggest.Researchersyzeddatafrommorethan13,000universitystudentswhowereinvolved12separatestudies.Fromthis,theydiscoveredacorrelationbetweenthe“BigFive”majoralitytraitsandthesubjectstheywereenrolledon.Forexample,thosestudyinglaw,economics,politicalscienceandmedicinetendedtobemuchmoreoutgoingthanthosetakingothersubjects,thestudyfound.Butwhenitcameto“agreeableness”--thetendencytowardsbeinghelpful,generousandconsiderate--thelawyersscoredparticularlylow,asdidbusinessandeconomicsstudents.Artsandhumanitiesstudents,aswellasthosestudyingpsychologyandpoliticsscoredhighlyforopenness,meaningtheywerecurious,imaginativeandintouchwiththeirinnerfeelings,whileeconomists,engineers,lawyersandscientistsscoredcomparativelylow.However,theartsandhumanitiesstudentsalsotendedtobelessconscientiousandmorenervous,typicallyexhibitingsignsofanxietyandmoodiness.Psychologystudentswerenotfarbehindartsandhumanitiesstudentsforthesetraits.StudyauthorAnnaVedel,fromtheUniversityofAarhusinDenmark,saidshewassurprisedbythemagnitudeoftheresults.“Theeffectsizesshowthatthedifferencesfoundarnottrivial,farfrom,”shesaid.“Onthemorehumoroussidetheydoconfirmourmoreorlessprejudicialstereotypesofthedisturbedpsychologist,thewithdrawnnatualscienist,thecynicaleconomist.”Andshesaidthatthefindingscouldhelpthoseschoolpupilswhocurentlyhavenoideawhattostudyatuniversity,aswellashelacademicstonthirlectures.“I’mnotarguingthattheseresultsshouldyamajorroleineiherguidanceorelection,butitmightprovidesomeinspirationforstudentsthatareindoubtaboutstudychoicesandwanttomakeachoicebasedonmorethanabilities,forexample,”saidDrVdel.“Orteachersmightbetterunderstandtheirstudentpopulation.”Thefirstparagraphimpliesthatlaworbusinessstudentsmay beamusedbythebeinterestedinthedisliketheenjoytheAccordingtotheresearch,lawstudentsscoredparticularlylowinthetraitof A. B. C. D.Theword“conscientious”(Para.4)probablymeans A. B. C. D.AnnaVedelstatedthattheresearch confirmedthelink alityandshowedthatthedifferenceswerefarfromwasnotreliablebecauseofitsprejudicialdidnothaveenoughsamplestosupportitsAccordingtoAnnaVedel,theresearchmayhelp studentsmakewisechoicesinfindingteachersunderstandtheirstudentsstudentsmakepresentationsmoreschoolpupilsgotobetterPassageAlphaGo’svictoryoverGo(围棋)championLeeSe-olreportedlyshockedartificialinligenceexperts,whothoughtsuchaneventwas10to15yearsaway.Butifthetimingwasasurprise,the ewasnot.Onthecontrary,itwasinevitableandntirelyforeseeable.yingcomplexgamesispreciselywhatcomputerdosupremelywellJustastheybeattheworldchampionsatcheckers(跳棋）andthenchesstheyweredestinedtobeatthechampionatGo.YetIdon’tbelieve,assomedo,thathumandefeatslikethisonepresageaneraofmassunemploymentinwhichawesomelyablecomptersleavemostofuswithnothingtodo.Advancingtechnologywillprofoundlychangethenatureofhigh-valuehumanskillsandthatisthreatening,butwearen’tdoomed.Theskillsofdeephumaninction,theabilitiestomanagetheexchangesthatoccuronlybetweenpeople,willonlybeomemorevaluable.Threeoftheseskillsstandout:Thefirst,thefoundationoftherest,isempathy,whichismorethanjustfeelingsomeoneelse’spain.It’stheabitytoprceivewhatanother isthinkingorfeeling,andtorespondinanappropriateThesecondiscreativeproblem-solvingingroups.Researchongroupeffectivenessshowsthatthekeyin’tteamcohesionormotivationoreventhesmartestmember’sIQ;rather,it’sthesocialsensitivityofthemembers,theirabilitytoreadoneanotherandkeepanyonefromThethirdcriticalability,somewhatsurprisingly,isstoryling,whichhasnottraditionallybeenvaluedbyorganizations.Charts,graphsanddataysiswillcontinuetobeimportant,butthat’sexactlywhattechnologydoessowell.Tochangepeople’smindsorinspirethemtoact,themaTheseskills,thoughbasictoourhumanity,arefundamentallydifferentfromtheskillsthathavebeenthebasisofeconomicprogressformostofhumanhistory,logic,knowledgeandysis,whichwelearnedfromtextbooksandinclassrooms.Bycontrast,theskillsofdeephumanin ctionaddresstheoftenirrationalrealityofhowhumanbeingsbehave,andwefindthemnotintextbooksbutinsideourselves.Ascomputersmasterevermorecomplexitywherewe’llfindthesourceof Accordingtotheauthor,AlphaGo’s couldhavehappenedcameasapleasantwasanexpectedwasmoreamatterofTheword“presage”(Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto“ A. B. C. D.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthehumanfutreinthefaceofA. B. C. D.Whichofthefollowingisthemostfundamentaltohuman SocialsensitivityofgroupmmberstounderstandeachStrongabilitytoshaepeope’sfeelingsandTeamspirittomakesurehateveryoneisnspiratinalstoylingtomotivatepeopletoAccordingtotheauthor,theskillsofdeephuman arethesouceoftruehumanvaluesinthecanworkwithknowledgetomaketheworldaresimilartotheskillsofhumanlogicandcanbelearnedfromtextbooksandinPassageLastyear,IwentWWOOFing(WillingWorkersonOrganicFarms)atabeautifulorganicfarminLaRéunion.WithWWOOFing,volunteersexchangetheirtimeandworkforfoodandmodation.Isleptinacabininthewoodswithhedgehogs(刺猬)diggingaboutinthebushes,alldifferentcolouredbirdssinginginthemorningandendlessrowsofpalmtreesofferingfromtheForme,oneofthebestwaystogettoknowanewceistoworkwiththeland,liewiththelocalsandsharemealstogether.ThisiswhyIabsoluyloveWWOOFing.Ithasgottobeoneofthebestwaystotravel.Itisamutuallybeneficialexchangewhereeveryoneinvolvedpriortsespeopleandenvironmentaboveprofit.Yougetthetimeandspacetodeepenaconnectionwithlocalcommunitiesandnature.Thereisalottolearnandeachfarmhasitsownuniquewayofngthings,dependingontheenvironment,climateandsoil.AtthefarminLaRéunionwntedpalmtreestoharvestthecoreofthetrunkwhichcanbeeateninsalads.BeforestayingwiththefarmIhadonlyeatenheartofpalmfromcanswhichwerenothingincomparisontotherealthing,freshfromtheground.Whenpottinguptheverybeginningsofthpalmrees,Ifeltgratefultobeapartofthestartofthetrees'cycle.IwasfilledwithawethatsomethingsosmallcouldgrowintosomethingsobigandWealsodidlotsofweeding,whichhelpedmtogettoknowallkindsofdifferentnts,tobeabletoidentifywhichoneswecoulduseasherbs/medicine/insaladsandwhichwereseenasuneatable.Ialsogottohavestpineapplsandguavafruit(番石榴)tomakejamswhichwillbesoldatthelocalmrket.Ofcourse,notevryoneisabletotravelfarawayintothefield.Thegreatthingabouttheskill-sharephilosophybehindWWOOFingisthatit’ssomethingwecanalldofromourownbackyard.Thefocushiftsfrommoneytohowwecanbestsupporteachotherinourcommunities.Afairexchangecanmakeabigdifferenceintheworld.WWOOFngenablesvolunteersto getfoodandshelterfortheirtravelaroundLaRéunionforlthedifferencesbetweenvarioushaveclosecontactwithwildTheauthorfoundhisfarmlifeinLaRéunionquite A. B. C. D.TheauthordidallofthefollowingontheorganicfarmEXCEPT removingntingpalmharvestingcollectingThephilosophyofWWOOFingisto improvelocalmakelocalsliveunitedifferentadvocateafairThispassageismainlyabout thedevelopmentofalocalWWOOFingacharmingWWOOFingthesystemofPassageExpertssaydistractedwalkingisagrowingproblem,aspeopleofallages emoredependentonelectonicdevicesfor alandprofessionalmatters.Theyalsonotepedestriandeathshavebeenrisingnrecentyears.In2005,11%ofallUSdeathsinvolvedpedestrians,butthatnumbrroseto15%in2014.Therisindeathscoincideswithstatesintroducingbillsthattargetpedestrians.Somestates,suchasHawaii,Arkansas,Illinois,NevadaandNewYork,continuetointroducelegislationeveryThemeasurerecentlyintroducedbyNewJerseyassemblywomanPamelaLampittwouldbanwalkingwhiletextingandprohibitpedestriansonpublicroadsfromusingelectroniccommunicationdevicesunlesstheyarehands-.Violatorswouldfacefinesofupto$50,15-dayimprisonmentorboth,whichisthesamepenaltyasjaywalking(乱穿马路).Halfofthefinewouldbeallocatedtosafetyeducationaboutthedangersofwalkingwhiletexting,saidLampit.Someseetheproposalasanunnecessaryernmentoverreach,whileotherssaytheyunderstandLampitt'sreasoning.Butmostagreethatpeopleneedtobemadeawareoftheissue."Distractedpedestrians,likedistracteddrivers,presentapotentialdangertothemselvesanddriversontheroad,"Lampittsaid."Anindividualcrossingtheroaddistractedbytheirsmatphonepresentsjustasmuchdangertomotoristsassomeonejaywalkingandshouldbeheld,atminimum,tothesamepenalty."Themainquestionraisedaboutthemeasure,though,iswhetheritcanbeendconsistentlybyofficerswhousuallyhavemorepressingmatterstodealwithSomefeelthatratherthanimposinganewlaw,thestateshouldfocusondistrcted-walkingeducation.Lampittsaidthemeasureisneededtostopandpenalize"rikybehavior."ShecitedaNationalSafetyCouncilreportthatshoweddistracted-walkingsinvolvingsaccountedforanestimated11,101injuriesfrom2000through2011.Thestudyfoundamajorityofthoeinjuredweefemaleandmostwere40oryounger.Talkingonthephonewasthemostprevalentativityatthetimeofinjury,whiletextingaccountedfor12%.Nearly80%oftheinjuriesoccurredasthersultofafall,while9%occurredfromthepedestrianstrikingamotionlesobject.Thispassageismainlyoncernedwith thedifficultyinenforcingroadrisingdeathscausedbydisractedthedangersofjaywalkingonbusyistractedwalkinginvolvingThesttesintroducingbillsthattargetpedestrians havebenetedfromthefindithardtocarrythemhavebeenpromotingthewillhavefewerdeathsofAccordingtothemeasureproposedbyLampitt,walkingwhiletextingwould einvolvesafetybeblamedincurafineofoverLampittreasonsthatdistractedpedestriansareasdangerousas speedingdrunkWhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorofthepassagemosprobablyagreeMalesaremorevulnerabletodistracted-walkingofficersareunhappywiththeproposedSafetyeducationismoreimportantthanRisingdistracted-walkingscallforealSectionDirections:Inthissection,youarerequiredtoreadonequotedblogandthecommentsonit.Theblogandcommentsarefollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswerA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAswerSheet.Thesaying“ClothesMaketheMan”datesbacksome400yearsanditreferstothefactthatwhenpeopleseawelldressed ,theyassumethat isaprofessional,capable,and(especiallyintheolddays)rich.Therefore,youhadtodresslikehowyouwantedtobeperceived,whatyouwaedtoeventuallyachieve.Fastforward400years,lotsoffolksstillthinkthesameway.Butdoesitreallymakeadifference?Ihappentobeoneofthosewhodonotputfaithintheoldsaying.IsupposeImightbeintheminoritybutIamamemberofaneliteclubwiththelikesofSteveJobsandBillGatesinmyPerceptionisnotreality;perceptionishalfwaytodiscoveringreality.Perceptionisfromourownimpressions,ourownbeliefsystems.Isitpowerfulandinfluential?Absoluy!Isitallthatitseems?Lessoftenthanyouthink.Howmanytimeshaveyoucastaninitialjudgmentonlytosurpriseyourselflaterandlearnhowyoumissedoutonagreatopportunity, CommentInthepresentera,manyassociatethewell-dressedwithbeingthemostsuccessful.IttookfolksinthebusinessworldalongtimetooverlookthewaySteveJobsworenonthepulicstage.IdidnotknowMr.Jobs,thoughIwishIhad.Ihavehearditsaidthatheinventedtheconceptof“businesscasual.”Inmymindthatisasmuchamatterofself-confideneasitisamatteroftasteinclothing.CommentYouarewrongaboutSteveJobs.HecertainlydidcareabouthowhewasperceivedandhisappearancewasverymuchcalculatedtoahievehisdesredeffectFromhisearlyformalbusinessclothingdowntotheaggressivecasualnessofhiseventualblackturtleneckandnsuniform,hisclothesandtheimpacttheymadewereclearlyforemosinhismind.CommentItremindsmeofthestoryaboutthphilosopherwhogoestoaformaldinnerpartyinns.Whenaskedifhefeltoutofplcebecauseofhisclothes,helookedaroundandsaidhehadn’tWhichofthefollowingmightthewriterofthepassageagreeStveJobsandBillGatesdressWeshouldnotjudge byhisItisclothethatmaketheThewell-dressedaremostlikelytoAccordingtothewriterofthepassage,perception mightproveispowerfulandishalfmightbeworthlesstoThewriterofComment1seemsto dislikethewaySteveJobsdressedforbusinesssuggestthatbusinesspeoplehavenotasteinbelievethatthewell-dressedarethemostthinkthatSteveJobs’casualnessreflectedhisself-SpeakingofSteveJobs,thewriterofComment2 pointsoutthatSteveJobswasaverysuggeststhatheandSteveJobsusedtobeinthesameholdsthesameviewasthewriterofthethinksSteveJobs’casualnesswascarefullythoughtWhenhewenttothedinnerpartyinns(Comment3),thephilosopher thoughtthatpeoplelikedhiswasnotawareofhowhisclthesfeltquiteconsideredhimselfoutofPartIVCloze(10Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Thehisryoftransportationisverylongandfullofchangesandinventions.It_46_walking,whichisnotanyinvention;itjusttakesenergy.Peopleusedtowalktogettootherces.Ifyouwantedtogetsomewherequickly,the_47_waytodothatwastorun.Actually,thefirstinventionforthetransportation_48wastheshoe.Centuriesagotherewerenoshoes,andpeoplewalkedbarefoot.Thenpeopleinvented_49_totransportthemselvesandmaterialsfromoneceanother.Insomecultures,peopleinventedsledges(雪橇),50areakindofboardthatyoudragalongtheground.Youcantiethingsonthesledgestohelpcarrythem,butit’sachallenginginvention_51ifyouhitarockwiththesledgesasyoupullit,thecontentscan_52.Inothercultures,peopleinventedthewheels,whichtheyusedtomakeiteasiertomovethingspeople.Thatwasthebeginningofmanyinnovationsin_53peoplehadwheelstheycouldinventotherwaystotravel.Theycouldutthewheelsonaboardandmakeitawagon,andthentheycould54_thatwagontoanoxorahorseandrideaswellascarrymaterials.Thatwheelledto_55wehavetoday:truks,autos,andevenboatsandnes.Forexample,therewere boatsthatusedgiantwheelsthatturnedwithblades,pushingthewaterandpushingtheboatforward.46.A.B.C.D.47.A.B.C.D.48.A.B.CD.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.CD.51.A.B.C.D.52.A.pullB.slipC.holdD.put53.A.BC.D.54.A.B.C.D.55.A.BC.D.PartVTextCompleion(20Directions:Inthispart,therearethree pletetextswith20questions(Rangingfrom56to75).Aboveeachtexttherearethreeorfourphrasestobecompleted.First,usethechoicesproidedintheboxtocompletethephrases.Second,usethecompletedphrasestofillintheblanksofthetext.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.thinkway onlyone anyreasonnotin differentthemostboring seeingtheIthinkeverylanguagehasacertainwayofseeingtheworld.Eachisawholedifferentwrld–awholedifferentmindsets.Icouldn’tpossibly60becauseitwouldmeanreallygivingupthepossibilitytobeabletoseetheworld61.Sothemonolinguallifestyle,forme,isthesaddest,theloneliest,62.Therearesomanyadvantagesoflearningalanguage;Ireallycan’t63.knknbutit like mayhavno whatiswrongCwhatis aspanicdisorderApanicatackisasuddenfeelingofterror.Usuallyitdoesnotlastlong,67.Thecausecanbesomethingasnormallyuneventfulatdrivingoverabri