高考英语一轮复习专题02TheUnitedKingdom(教学案)新人教版必修5

专题02TheUnitedKingdom【高频单词】1．unite(vi.&vt.)联合；团结→united(adj.)团结的；联合的→union(n.)联合；结盟；联合；协会2．consist(vi.)构成；在于；一致→consistent(adj.)一致的3．convenience(n.)便利；方便→convenient(adj.)方便的4．attract(vt.)吸引；惹起注意→attraction(n.)吸引；吸引力→attractive(adj.)有吸引力的5．description(n.)描绘；描述→describe(vt.)描述；形容；描述6．furnished(adj.)装备好装备的；带家具的→furnish(vt.)装备；(用家具等)部署(房间、公寓)；供给7．possibility(n.)可能(性)→possible(adj.)可能的；合理的8．arrange(vt.)筹办；安排；整理→arrangement(n.)部署；整理9．delight(n.)快乐；快乐；愉悦(vt.)使快乐；使惊喜→delighted(adj.)快乐的；快乐的→delightful(adj.)令人快乐的10．fold(vt.)折叠；对折→(反义词)unfold(vt.)睁开；翻开；体现11．thrill(vt.)使激动；使提心吊胆→thrilled(adj.)激动的12．clarify(vt.)澄清；说明→clarified(adj.)获得净化的13．accomplish(vt.)达成；达到；实现→accomplishment(n.)达成；成就14．unwilling(adj.)不肯意(的)；不愿意(的)→unwillingly(.)不肯意(地)；无奈adv地→unwillingness(.)不肯意；无奈n15．rough(adj.)粗拙的；粗暴的→roughly(adv.)大略地；粗拙地16．enjoyable(adj.)令人快乐的；令人快乐的→enjoy(vt.)享受的乐趣；赏识；喜爱→enjoyment(n.)快乐；快乐；乐趣【要点短语】1．consist_of由构成2．o把分红3．break_away_(from)摆脱(约束)；离开4．to_one's_credit为带来荣誉；值得赞誉；在名下5．leave_out省去；遗漏；不考虑6．take_the_place_of取代7．break_down(机器)破坏；破坏8．refer_to谈到；说到；参照；波及9．make_a_list_of列出一张的清单10．on_special_occasions在特别场合11．be_proud_of对感觉骄傲212．in_memory_of为纪念【热门句型】1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincluded_as_well(发现也包含在内)．2．do表示重申，重申谓语动词Totheircreditthefourcountriesdo_work_together(确实共同协作)insomeareas(eg,thecurrencyandinternationalrelations),buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.3．过去分词短语作后置定语Forhistoricalarchitectureyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsbuilt_by(被建筑)theRomans.4．过去分词短语作状语Worried_about_the_time_available(担忧时间不够),ZhangPingyuhadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon5．状语从句的省略Itlookedsplendidwhen_first_built(刚建成的时候)！6．Itseems/is...that...“仿佛”It_seemed_strangethat(这仿佛是一件怪事)themanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.3高频考点一、单词例1、consistvi.构成；在于；一致HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof？英国是由几个部分(国家)构成的？【概括拓展】(1)consistof＝bemadeupof由构成；由构成consistin在于(2)consistentadj.相容的；一致的beconsistentwith和一致/符合【名师点睛】consistof一般不用于被动语态和进行时，其同义短语有：bemadeupof；becomposedof。【语境助记】Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,dinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunch(whichconsists_ofasandwich,adrinkandadessert)．4学生们会被供以早饭、晚饭还有一顿做好的或打包好的午饭(由一个三明治、一杯饮料和一份甜点构成)。Successconsists_intheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.成功在于历经失败连续努力的能力。③Ifwhatyousayis_not_consistent_withwhatyoudo,itwillhaveabadeffectonyourchildren.假如你言不由衷，那将对孩子有不好的影响。例2、conveniencen．便利；方便；便利的事物Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.英格兰是四个国家中最大的，为方便起见，它大概可区分红三个地域。【概括拓展】(1)forconvenience为了方便起见atone'sconvenience在某人方便的时候fortheconvenienceof...为了方便(2)convenientadj.方便的；便利的ifitisconvenient(to/foryou)假如(你)方便的话Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.某人方便做某事。(3)inconveniencen.不方便；不便inconvenientadj.不方便的5【名师点睛】convenient作表语时，不行用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成whenitisconvenientforyou，而不是whenyouareconvenient。【语境助记】Whenyoucometoschool,pleasevisitmyofficeat_your_convenience.你来学校时，请方便时到我的办公室来一下。②Ifit'sconvenient_foryou,let'smeetat8：30outsidetheschoolgate.假如方便的话，让我们8：30在校门口见。I'mconvincedthatitwillbemoreconvenient_for_people_to_doshoppingonlineinthefuture.我相信将来人们网上购物会变得更为方便。例3、attractvt.吸引；惹起注意Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.惋惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市不吸引旅客。【概括拓展】(1)attractone'sattention吸引某人的注意力attractsb.tosth.吸引某人关注某事beattractedby被所吸引(2)attractionn.风趣的东西；吸引人之物6(3)attractiveadj.有吸引力的beattractiveto对有吸引力【语境助记】Hernewclothesareattractingalotofattention.她的新衣服惹起了很大关注。Eventheyoungestchildrenintheclasswere_attracted_bythestory.即便是班里最小的孩子都被这个故事所吸引。Thisprogrammehaslittleattractionfortheaudience.这个节目对观众几乎没有一点吸引力。Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstopattraction.可是关于像我这样的旅客，熊猫是它最具吸引力的东西了。例4、arrangevt.筹办；安排；整理Theyhadnotimetoarrangetheirownwedding,sotheyhaditorganizedbyacompany.他们没有时间筹办自己的婚礼，所以他们让一家企业代为组织。【概括拓展】(1)arrange(for)sth.整理/安排/筹备某事arrangeto_dosth.安排做某事arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排某人/某物做某事7(2)arrangementn.安排；准备makearrangements/anarrangementfor...为做安排【名师点睛】表示“安排某人做某事”用arrangeforsb.todosth.，而不用arrangesb.todosth.。【语境助记】①Parentsarrange_everything_for_their_childrenandsparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.父亲母亲为孩子准备好全部，竭尽全力地为他们的成功铺路。②Shearranged_foraflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,rerouted(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.她为我安排了一架小型飞机，让我改道在纽瓦克起色，我回到英国的时间比本来计划的时间还要早。Haveyouarranged_to_meetMarkthisweekend?你安排好周末与马克见面了吗？Iamlookingforwardtobeingtoldaboutyour_arrangementsofvacation.我期望着你告诉我你的假期安排。例5、delightn．快乐；快乐；愉悦vt.使快乐；使惊喜HerfirstdelightwasgoingtotheTower.她最初想观光的地方是伦敦塔。8【概括拓展】(1)EQ\*jc0\*"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(toone'sgreamuchtoone'sdelight,EQ\*jc0\*"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(toone'sgreatde令某人特别快乐的是takedelightin以为乐withdelight快乐地(2)delightedadj.快乐的；快乐的bedelightedto_dosth.愿意做某事bedelightedat因感觉快乐(3)delightfuladj.令人快乐的；宜人的【语境助记】To_my_delight,_Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.令我快乐的是，在几百个申请者中我被选中参加开幕式。Wetake_delight_ingoingforlongwalksinthecountry.我们乐于去乡下远足。Iwasdelighted_atthepresenceofsuchastudent.我对这样一个学生的出现感觉很快乐。Thanksfortheinvitation;I'dbe_delighted_tocome.感谢你的邀请；我很愿意来。9It'sdelightful_to_seesomanybeautifulflowers.看到这么多美丽的花真令人快乐。高频考点二、短语例1、o...把分红Englandcanbedividedintothreemainareas英格兰能够区分为三个主要地域。【概括拓展】EQ\*jc0\*"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(divdividedadj.分裂的；有分歧的,EQ\*jc0\*"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(divid【语境助记】Asentencecanbedividedupintomeaningfulsegments.一个句子能够区分红存心义的若干部分。Wedividedtheworkbetweenus.我们共同分担这项工作。Thegovernmentisdividedonthisissue.政府在这个问题上建议不一致。【易混辨析】divide(...into...)常指把某个整体区分为若干部分(...from...)表示“将与分开”，指把本来连在一同或凑近separate的事物分分开来10例2、taketheplaceof取代Allofthewordsbelowcantaketheplaceofsaid,buttheyareusedunderdifferentconditions...下边全部的单词都能够取代said，但它们用于不一样的状况【概括拓展】takeplace发生；举行(不及物动词短语，无被动语态)takeone'splace取代某人intheplaceof取代；取代inplace在适合的地点out_ofplace不适合的；不在适合的地点上【语境助记】[牛津高阶]Computershavetaken_the_place_of_typewritersinmostoffices.在大部分办公室，电脑已经取代了打字机。The31stOlympicGamestook_placeinBrazilin2016.第三十一届奥运会于2016年在巴西举行。Shecouldn'tattendthemeetingsoherassistanttook_her_place.她不可以参加会议，所以她的助手代她列席。In_place_ofouradvertisedprogramme,wewillbeshowingafilm.我们将放映一部电影来取代广告节目。11Thechairsfortheconcertwerenearlyallin_place.音乐会要用的椅子差不多都摆好了。例3、breakdown(机器)出故障；(计划、希望、谈判等)失败；身体垮掉；分解Onmywaytothestationmycarbrokedown.在去车站的路上，我的汽车坏了。【概括拓展】breakup分别；拆开；结束；*hps24\o(\s\up11(breakthrough打破；穿透(关系等破碎,*hps24\o(\s\up11(breakthrough打破；穿透,breakup【语境助记】①写出以下句中breakdown的含义a．Thecarbrokedownonthewaytotheairport.(车辆)抛锚b．Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyouworktoohard.(身体)垮掉c．Plasticbagsaredifficulttobreakdown.分解d．Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.(谈判)失败[2016·北京高考]NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreak_upwithoutwarning.诺顿湾被冰层覆盖，而有时冰层会悄无声气地破碎。Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreak_throughinthefightagainstcancer.科学家以为他们在抗衡癌症的研究中开始有所打破。12高频考点三、句型例1、Itlookedsplendidwhen_first_built！刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是富丽堂皇！【概括拓展】(1)当when指引的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分是动词be的某种形式，这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉，省略后的部分为“when＋分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。指引状语从句时能够省略的连词还有：while,once,as,asif,when,unless,until,evenif,though,if等。【语境助记】Once_(it_is)_seen,_it'llneverbeforgotten.一旦见到，它就不会被忘掉。②When_(I_was)_planningEncyclopaediaBritannica(《大英百科全书》)，Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.但计划《大英百科全书》的时候，我不得不以它里边文章的话题为基础创立了一个内容表。If_(you_are)_acceptedforthejob,you'llbeinformedsoon.假如你被录取做这份工作的话，你会很快被通知的。If__(it_is)_possible,_I'llgotoseemygrandparentsthisweekend.假如有可能的话，这周末我去看我的祖父亲母亲。13Becarefulwhen_(you_are)_crossing_the_street.过街时要小心。It_seemed_strange_thatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshould_have_lived_and_diedinLondon.这仿佛令人不行思议：这位发展了共产主义的人居然在伦敦生活过，而且在伦敦逝世。【概括拓展】(1)在“It＋系动词＋形容词(strange,necessary,natural,important)that...”句型里，that指引的主语从句的谓语动词常用虚构语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should能够省略。(2)在Itis/wassuggested(ordered,required,desired,advocated,etc.)that...句型中，that指引的主语从句用虚构语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should能够省略。【语境助记】Itisstrangethathe_(should)_have_donesuchsillythings.真是奇异，他居然做出这样愚笨的事情。Itisrecommendedthattheplan(should)_be_put_off.有人建议推延这个计划。3NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufind_Wales_includedaswell.此刻当人们谈到英格兰时，你会发现威尔士也被包含在内。【概括拓展】14本句属于“find＋宾语＋作宾语补足语的过去分词”构造，此中过去分词是对宾语Wales进行增补说明，与Wales之间存在被动关系。“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的句型构造常为："Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(find＋宾语＋宾补,"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(find＋宾,语＋宾补EQ\*jc0\*"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(done(表示被动n./adj./adv./prep.短语,EQ\*jc0\*"Font:ArialUnicodeMS"\*hps24\o(\s\up11(done(表示被动和动【语境助记】[牛津高阶]Theyfound_him_to_becharming.他们感觉他很招人喜爱。Isuddenlyfound_myself_runningdownthestreet.我忽然觉察自己不知不觉沿着街道跑了起来。Ifoundita_boring_film.我发现那是一部无聊的电影。Ihopetofindyouin_better_spiritswhenwemeetagain.我希望我们下次见面时，你的精神状况会更好。Youmayfind_it_hardtoacceptyourillness.你可能感觉难以接受自己的疾病。高频考点四、语法过去分词作宾补151、宾语补足语一般放在宾语以后，对宾语起增补说明的作用，而过去分词作宾补，一般表示被动或达成的意义，宾语是过去分词动作的对象。Inoticedtheircarparkedoutside.2、能用过去分词作宾补的几类动词(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如：see,hear,watch,feel,think,find,notice,listento等。Hewasabouttoenterthehallwhenheheardhisnamecalled.(2)表示“以致”意义的动词，如：make,get,have,keep，leave等。Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwaysketifhercolleaguesamusedwithherstories.【名师点睛】“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种用法：①表示让他人做某事MrsBrownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhadrepairedwentwrongagain.②表示“遭受某种不幸；遇到打击”等Mysisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.③表示自己达成某事或自己参加达成某事LiHuahopesthathisEnglishteacherwillsuggestagoodwaytohavehisEnglishimprovedinashortperiodoftime.16(3)表示“希望，梦想或要求”等意义的词，如：want,wish,like,expect,order等。Theteacherwouldn'tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.用在“with＋名词/代词＋过去分词”构造中，表示宾语和宾补之间是被动关系。Withtheworkfinished,theywenttotheseasideforaholiday.3、此刻分词与过去分词作宾补的差别此刻分词作宾补，宾语是动作的履行者过去分词作宾补，宾语是动作的承受者,此刻分词作宾补，宾语是动作的履行者,过去分词作宾补，宾语是动Ifoundhimlyingonthegrassjustnow.Ifoundhimburiedinanovel.【2018·全国I】假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你咨询有关风俗。请你答复邮件。内容包含：(1).抵达时间；(2).适合的礼品；【答案】DearTerry,Howareyoudoing?LearningthatyouareabouttopayavisittoaChinesefriendandconfusedabouttheChinesecustoms,Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomerelevantdetails.Firstly,Iwouldliketosuggestthatyouarrive5to10minutesearlier,whichiscommoninChinesetraditionalculture.Secondly,ifIwereyou,Iwouldbring17somegiftswithme,suchassouvenirsfrommyowncountry.Besides,tablemannersarealsowhatyoushouldpayattentionto.Forexample,youarenotsupposedtostickyourchopsticksintoyourfood.Instead,layingthemonyourdishisasmartchoice.Hopefully,thesesuggestionswillbehelpfulforyou.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua2018·全国II】你受学生会拜托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片GrowingTogether，内容包含：短片内容：学校的发展；放映时间、地址；欢迎对短片提出建议。注意：词数100左右；能够适合增添细节，以使行文连接。【答案】Onepossibleversion:Boysandgirls,Ihavegoodnewsforyou.TheEnglishfilmGrowingTogethermadebyourteachersandsomeseniorstudentswillbedisplayedthisweekend.Itshowsusthewholehistory18ofschool’sdevelopment,whichisIthinktheattractiontous.Ifyouarecuriousaboutthehistoryofourschoolorconcernedaboutitsfuture,youmustn’tmissthisexcellentopportunity!Besides,allyoursuggestionsandcommentsaboutthisfilmwillbewelcome.ItwillbedisplayedintheSchoolFilmHall,from9:00amto10:00am,June9th,Saturday.That’sall.Thankyou.TheStudentsUnionJune8,20182018·全国III】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信咨询你校学生体育运动状况。请给他回信，内容包含：学校的体育场馆；主要的运动项目；你喜爱的项目。注意：1.词数100左右：能够适合增添细节，以使行文连接。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearPeter,Iamexceedinglydelightedtohearfromyou.Youaskedmeinyourlastletteraboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmaygiveyouaroughsketch.Tobeginwith,afabulousnewstadiumhasbeenbuiltup,whichhasbecomethenewlandmarkinourschool.Moreover,withthestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld,ofwhichping-pong,footballaswellasrunningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity.Asforme,I’mintoxicatedwithbasketballsinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtoconfrontthechallengesinmylife.Allinall,Isincerelyinviteyoutocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.Yours,LiHua202018·北京】假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询有关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包含：表示欢迎；介绍他上哪所大学；建议他做哪些准备工作。注意：(1).词数许多于50；(2).开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,21I’msogladtohearyourfutureeducationplaninBeijinginyourlastletter.FirstIwouldliketoexpressmywarmestwelcometoyouandIamsureyouwillhavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.ItsChineseLiteraturemajorisperfectforyouwhereyoucanbecompletelysoakedinChineseprofoundhistoryandrichculture.Asforpreparation,somereadinginadvanceisneededlikeTheStoryoftheStonewhilesomeonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageenvironment.Isincerelyhopeyourdreamwillcometrueandit’smypleasuretoshowyouaroundinBeijingwhenthatdaycomes.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoletmeknow.Yours,LiHua【2017·新课标III】阅读下边短文，在空白处填入1个适合的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschool22friends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(real)Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas62modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.HerfatherPeter44,wanthertogiveupschooltomodelfulltimeButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeautysheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudiesAfterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfulltimebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,"MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelmymore."【文章粗心】本文是一篇人物类记述文，介绍了SarahThomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她以为在青少年时期学业要放在首位。61.resting考察非谓语动词。固定短语：spendtimedoingsth62.a考察冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限制词，而此处泛指“一个”，故填a。63.wastold考察动词。依据句意判断谓语动词应当用一般过去时的被动形式，主语Sarah是第三人称单数，故填wastold。64．这里含有一个非限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who。2369．在一般此刻时中，主语是第三人称单数，所以填comes。70．用副词修饰形容词。4.【2017·浙江卷】阅读下边资料，在空白处填入适合的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall56(carrot)andwasabouttothr