2012年冬大学英语四级考试模拟题一VIP

PAGEPAGE4 --2011年冬大学英语四级考试模拟题一PartIWriting（30minutes）Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicofCityProblems.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese：1.越来越多的人涌入大城市,有些问题随之产生2.比较明显的大问题有……3.我对这种现象的想法CityProblems注意：此部分试题在答题卡I上。PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）Directions：Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,markY（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.ScientistsWeighOptionsforRebuildingNewOrleansAsexpertsponderhowbesttorebuildthedevastated（毁坏）city,onequestioniswhethertowalloff—orworkwith—thewater.EvenbeforethedeathtollfromHurricaneKatrinaistallied,scientistsarecautiouslybeginningtodiscussthefutureofNewOrleans.FewseemtodoubtthatthisvitalheartofU.S.commerceandculturewillberestored,butexactlyhowtorebuildthecityanditsdefensestoavoidarepeatcatastropheisanopenquestion.PlansforimprovingitsleveesandrestoringthebarrierofwetlandsaroundNewOrleanshavebeenonthetablesince1998,butfederaldollarsneededtoimplementthemneverarrived.Afterthetragedy,that’sboundtochange,saysJohnDay,anecologistatLouisianaStateUniversity（LSU）inBatonRouge.Andifthereisanupsidetothedisaster,hesays,it’sthat‘nowwe’vegotacleanslatetostartfrom.”ManyarelookingforguidancetotheNetherlands,acountrythat,justlikebowl-shapedNewOrleans,sitsmostlybelowsealevel,keepingthewateratbaywithaconstructionofamazingscaleandcomplexity.Others,pointingtoVenice’slong-standingadaptations,sayit’sbesttoletwaterflowthroughthecity,depositingsedimenttooffsetgeologicsubsidence—amodelthatwouldrequirearadicalrethinkingofarchitecture.Anotherideaistoletnaturehelpbyrestoringthewetlandbuffersbetweenseaandcity.Butbeforetheoptionscanbeweighed,severalunknownswillhavetobeaddressed.Oneispreciselyhowthecurrentdefensesfailed.Toanswerthat,LSUcoastalscientistsPaulKempandHassanMashriquiarepickingtheirwaythroughthedestroyedcityandsurroundingregion,reconstructingthesizeofwatersurgesbymeasuringtelltalemarksleftonthesidesofbuildingsandhighwaystructures.TheyarefeedingthesedataintoasimulationofthewindandwateraroundNewOrleansduringitsordeal.“Wecan’tsayforsureuntilthisjobisdone,”saysDay,“buttheemergingpictureisexactlywhatwe’vepredictedforyears.”Namely,severalcanals—includingtheMRGO,whichwasbuilttospeedshippinginthe1960s—havethecombinedeffectoffunnelingsurgesfromtheGulfofMexicorighttothecity’seasternleveesandthelakesystemtothenorth.Thosesurgesaretoblamefortheflooding.“Oneofthefirstthingswe’llseedoneisthecompletebackfillingoftheMRGOcanal,”predictsDay,“whichcouldtakeacoupleofyears.”Thelevees,whichhavebeenprovisionallyrepaired,willbeshoredupfurtherinthemonthstocome,althoughtheirlong-termfateisunclear.Betterleveeswouldprobablyhavepreventedmostofthefloodinginthecitycenter.Toprovidefurtherprotection,amobiledamsystem,muchlikeastormsurgebarrierintheNetherlands,couldbeusedtocloseoffthemouthofLakePontchartrain.Butmostexpertsagreethattheseareshort-termfixes.ThebasicproblemforNewOrleansandtheLouisianacoastlineisthattheentireMississippiRiverdeltaissubsidinganderoding,plungingthecitydeeperbelowsealevelandremovingathickcushionofwetlandsthatoncebufferedthecoastlinefromwindandwaves.Partofthesubsidenceisgeologicandunavoidable,butthereststemsfromtheleveesthathavehemmedintheMississippiallthewaytoitsmouthfornearlyacenturytopreventfloodsandfacilitateshipping.Asaresult,riversedimentisnolongerspreadacrossthedeltabutdumpedintotheGulfofMexico.Withoutaconstantstreamoffreshsediment,thebarrierislandsandmarshesaredisappearingrapidly,withaquarter,roughlythesizeofRhodeIsland,alreadygone.Afteryearsofpoliticalwrangling,abroadgrouppulledtogetherbytheLouisianagovernmentin1998proposedamassive$14billionplantosavetheLouisianacoasts,calledCoast2050（nowmodifiedintoaplancalledtheLouisianaCoastalAreaproject）.Wetlandrestorationwasakeycomponent.“It’soneofthebestandcheapesthurricanedefenses,”saysDay,whochaireditsscientificadvisorycommittee.Althoughtheplanwasnevergivenmorethantokenfunding,ateamledbyDayhasbeenconductingapilotstudysince2000,divertingpartoftheMississippiintothewetlandsdownstreamofthecity.“Theresultsareasgoodaswecouldhavehoped,”hesays,“withlandlevelsrisingatabout1centimeterperyear—enoughtooffsetrisingsealevels”,saysDay.Evenifthewetlandswererestoredandnewleveeswerebuilt,thecombinationofgeologicsubsidenceandrisingsealevelswilllikelysinkNewOrleansanothermeterby2100.Theproblemmightbesolvedbyanotherambitiousplan,saysRoelBoumans,acoastalscientistattheUniversityofVermontinBurlingtonwhodidhisPh.D.atLSU：shoringupthelowestlandwithaslurryofsedimentpipedinfromtheriver.Themajorityofthebuildingsinthefloodedareaswillhavetoberazedanyway,hesays,”sowhynottakethisopportunitytofixtherootoftheproblem？”TherivercoulddepositenoughsedimenttoraisethebottomoftheNewOrleansbowltosealevel“in50to60years,”heestimates.Inthemeantime,peoplecouldliveintheseareasVenice-style,withbuildingsbuiltonstilts.Boumanseventakesitastepfurther：“Youwouldhavetoraiseeverythingabout30centimetersonceevery30years,sowhynotmakethejobeasierbymakinghousesthatcanfloat.”?Whetherthatistechnicallyorpoliticallyfeasible—Day,forone,callsit“notlikely”—remainstobeseen,especiallybecauseuntilnow,thepoorestresidentslivedinthelowestpartsofthecity.Anydecisiononhowbesttoprotectthecityinthefuturewillbetiedtohowmanypeoplewilllivethere,andwhere.“theremaybealargecontingentofresidentsandbusinesseswhochoosenottoreturn,”saysBillGood,anenvironmentalscientistatLSUandmanageroftheLouisianaGeologicalSurvey’sCoastalProcessessection.Itisalsonotyetclearhowdecisionsaboutthereconstructionwillbemade,saysGood,“Sincethereisnoprecedentofcomparablemagnitude.”Everylevelofgovernmentissuretobeinvolved,and“theprocessislikelytobeadhoc.”Evenwiththeinevitableminglingofscienceandpolitics,westillhave“auniquechancetobackQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29. A. Childrencanhavefunfromit. B. Peoplecanachievepersonalexcellencefromit. C. Thewinnerwillbegreatlyhonored. D. Itcanrealizethedreamsofanentirenation.30. A. BecauseBrazilwontheWorldCup. B. BecausetherewasalwayswonderfulfootballmatchesinBrazil. C. BecausethemostfamousfootballerlivedinBrazil. D. Becausetheywantedtolearnthebestfootballskills.31. A. Toprovethatfootballistheworld’smostimportantsport. B. ToshowthatBrazilisbetterthanallothers. C. TocompareScotlandwithBrazil. D. Toexplaintheessenceofsport.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32. A. Toimprovehercomputerprogram. B. Tofindouttheirattitudestowardsfood. C. Tofindoutdetailsshecanmakeuseof. D. Topredictwhatfoodthey’lllikeinthefuture.33. A. Peoplebelievewhatthecomputertellsthem. B. Peoplecanbeledtobelieveinsomethingfalse. C. Peopletendtoforgettheirchildhoodexperiences. D. Peoplearenotalwaysawareoftheirpersonalities.34. A. Iftheylearnitisharmfulforhealth. B. Iftheylietothemselvesthattheydon’twantit. C. Iftheyarewillingtoletdoctorscontroltheirminds. D. Iftheythinktheyoncehadabadexperienceofeatingit.35. A. Whetheritismoral. B. Whoitisbestfor. C. Whenitiseffective. D. Howitshouldbeused.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。Millionsofpeopleareenrolledineveningadulteducation(36)_________acrossAmerica.Communitycollegeshavebecomepopularandtheir(37)__________haveincreasedrapidly.Largeuniversitiesare(38)___________morecoursesintheeveningsforadultstudents.Inthisway,the(39)___________formoreeducationisbeingmet.Onereasonforthisisthatmanyolderpeoplearechangingtheir(40)__________.Theyarelookingfordifferentcareers.Anotherreasonisthat(41)________costsofmanyhouseholdthingshaverecentlygreatly(42)_________.Adultsaretakingcourseslikeplumbingandelectricalrepair.Thiswaytheyhopethatthehighcostsforrepairscanbe(43)__________.(44)______________________________________________________________.Engineers,teachersandbusinessmenaretakingadulteducationclasses.Theyhavefoundthatmoreeducationisneededtodotheirjobswell.(45)__________________________________________________.Accountingandbusinesscoursesarealsotakenbymanyadultstudents.Somestudentsattendclassestoearndegrees.(46)________________________________________________________.Thelivesofmanypeoplehavebeenenrichedbecauseofadulteducation.PartIVReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）（25minutes）SectionADirections：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Blueistheworld’sfavoritecolor.Itisalsothecolormostoften47withintellectandauthority.Mostuniformsareblue.InGreekandRomanmythology,blueisthecolorofskygods.IntheOldTestament,Godis48bydeepblue.Blueandturquoise（青绿色）arerepresentedbytheIslamicreligion.Itisthe49colorinthemosquesoftheworld.Bluesymbolizestruth,peaceandcooperation.ItisthecoloroftheflagoftheUnitedNationsandofEurope.Asthecoolestcolorofthespectrum,itisthehuemostlikelytohavearecedingeffect.Asintheskiesandwaterthat50us,blueisseenasapeacefuland51color.Bluelighthasseento52bloodpressurebycalmingthenervoussystemhencerelaxingthebodyandmind.Bluecreateslargeairyspaces.Itmakesroomsbigger.Thewrongshadeofbluecanbeuncomfortable.Itcanalsobecoldandsterile（枯燥的）unless53withwarmercolors.Lightandsoftbluemakesusfeelquietandprotectedfromthebustle（喧闹）and54oftheday.Bluebedroomsarerestful.Bluebathroomsareappropriatelywatery.Blue55depthwithgreensandreds.Darkbluerepresentsthenightmakinguscalm.Itsapparentlycalmingeffectmakesittheperfecttoneforthequieter56ofyourlivingspace.［A］represented ［B］engage ［C］refreshing ［D］surround［E］curved ［F］dominant ［G］lower ［H］balanced［I］activity ［J］zones ［K］foolish ［L］line ［M］acquires ［N］associated ［O］rashSectionBDirections：Thereare2passagesinthesection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］,and［D］。YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestion57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mostshoplifters（商店扒手）agreethattheJanuarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthehard-workingthief.Withtheshopssocrowdedandthestaffsobusy,itdoesnotrequireanyextraordinarytalenttohelpyoutotakeoneortwolittlethingsandescapeunnoticed.Itisknown,inthebusiness,as“hoisting”。Butthehoistinggameisnotwhatitusedtobe.Evenattheheightofthesales,shoplifterstodayneverknowiftheyarebeingwatchedbyoneofthoseevillittleballsthathangfromtheceilingsofsomanydepartmentstoresabovethemostdesirablegoods.Asifthatwasnottroubleenoughforthem,theycannowbefilmedatworkandobligedtoattendashowingoftheirperformanceincourt.SelfridgeswasthefirstbigLondonstoretoinstallclosed-circuitvideotapeequipmenttowatchitssalesfloors.InOctoberlastyearthestorewonitsfirstcourtcaseforshopliftingusingaevidenceavideotapeclearlyshowingacouplestealingdresses.Itwasanimportanttestcasewhichencouragedotherstorestoinstallsimilarequipment.Whentheballs,calledsputniks,firstmakeanappearanceinshops,itwaswidelybelievedthattheironlyfunctionwastofrightenshoplifters.Theirsomewhatridiculousappearances,thecuriousholesandredlightsgoingonandoff,certainlymakethetheorybelievable.Itdidnottakelong,however,forseriousshoplifterstostartshowingsuitablerespect.SoonaftertheequipmentwasinoperationatSelfridges,storedetectiveBrianChadwickwassittinginthecontrolroomwatchingawomansecretlyputtingbottlesofperfumeintoherbag.“Assheturnedtogo,”Chadwickrecalled,“shesuddenlylookedupatthe‘sputnik’andstopped.Shecouldnotpossiblyhaveseenthatthecamerawastrainedonherbecauseitiscompletelyhidden,butshemusthavehadafeelingthatIwaslookingather.”“Foramomentshepaused,butthenshereturnedtocounterandstartedputtingeverythingback.Whenshehadfinished,sheopenedherbagtowardsthecameratoshowitwasemptyandhurriedoutofthestore.”57.Januaryisagoodmonthforshopliftersbecause________.［A］theydon’tneedtowaitforstafftoservethem［B］theydon’tneedanypreviousexperienceasthieves［C］therearesomanypeopleinthestore［D］Januarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthem58.Thesputnikshangingfromtheceilingareintended________.［A］towatchthemostdesirablegoods ［C］tofrightenshopliftersbytheirappearance［B］tomakefilmsthatcanbeusedasevidence［D］tobeusedasevidenceagainstshoplifters59.ThecaselastOctoberwasimportantbecause________。［A］thestoregotthedressesback［B］theequipmentwasabletofrightenshoplifters［C］othershopsfoundoutabouttheequipment［D］thekindofevidencesuppliedwasacceptedbycourt60.Thewomanstealingperfume________.［A］guessedwhatthesputnikswerefor ［C］couldseethecamerafilmingher［B］wasfrightenedbyitsshape ［D］knewthatthedetectivehadseenher61.Thewoman’sactionbeforeleavingthestoreshowsthatshe________.［A］wassorryforwhatshehaddone［B］wasafraidshewouldbearrested［C］decidedshedidn’twantwhatshehadpickedup［D］wantedtoproveshehadnotintendedtostealanythingPassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedinthefollowingpassage.Thelargestsharkknowntous,Megalodon,isextinct.Orisit？CarcharodonMegalodon,commonlyknownasMegalodon,isbelievedtohavelivedbetween1millionand5millionyearsagoandthoughttohavebeen52feetlong.Itis（orwas）asharkthathadajaw7ormorefeetwide.Fairlyrecently,therehasbeensomespeculationaboutwhetheritisextinctorjustoutofreach.ButfewpeoplebelievethatMegalodonhasfoundahomedeepintheocean.Therearemanyknown“LivingFossils”：Coelacanth,SeaCucumbers,SeaUrchins,Lobsters,SeaStars.Thecommononeslikelobstersandseaurchinsarenotreallylookedonasanythingamazing.They’vebeenaroundforthousandsofyearsormore,andareeasilyaccessibletous.Whatiftheyweren’taccessibleandyetstillexisted？Wewouldlabelthemextinct.ThediscoveryofaliveCoelacanth,afishlongbelievedextinct,challengedsomescientists’long-heldbeliefsonextinction.Therehavebeenrecentdiscoveriesofincrediblylargesquid,anddeep-seafishneverbeforeseenbyscientists.Inthe1960stheU.S.NavysetupunderwatermicrophonesaroundtheworldtotrackSovietsubmarines.Thenetwork,knownastheSoundSurveillanceSystem,stillliesdeepbelowtheocean’ssurfaceinalayerofwaterknownasthe“deepsoundchannel”。Thetemperatureandpressureofthechannelallowsoundwavestotravelundisturbed.NOAA’sAcousticMonitoringProjecthasbeenusingtheSoundSurveillanceSystemtolistenforchangesinoceanstructurelikeoceancurrentsorvolcanicactivity.Mostofthesoundsrecordedarecommonandofnoconcern.Onesound,identifiedin1977byU.S.Navy“spy”sensors,wasodd.Itwasobviouslyamarineanimalbutthecallwasmorepowerfulthananyofthecallsmadebyanyotherreportedseacreature.Itwastoobigforawhale.Coulditbeadeep-seamonster？Onepossibilitywasagiantsquid,butnooneissure.Itwasnamed“Bloop”。CoulditbeMegalodon？IfMegalodonisstillalivedowninthebottomoftheocean,wemaysomedaysoondiscoverit.Thenwhat？Deepseadivingwillneverbethesame,that’sforsure！62.ThefollowingiscommonlyknownEXCEPT________.［A］Megalodon,thelargestshark,isextinct［B］Megalodonisnotextinctbutjustoutofreach［C］Megalodonwas52feetlongandhadajaw7ormorefeetwide［D］Megalodonlivedbetweenseveralmillionyearsago.63.WhatmakesscientistsdoubtaboutthebeliefthatMegalodonisextinct？［A］Thediscoveryofmany“LivingFossils”。［C］ThediscoveryofaliveCoelacanth.［B］Thediscoveryofthefossilsoflobsters. ［D］Thediscoveryofthefossilsofseaurchins.64.Whatwasspecialintheirrecordedsounds？［A］Tolistenforchangesinoceanstructure.［B］Tolistenforchangesofoceancurrentsorvolcanicactivity.［C］ToMakesurewhethertherewasagiantsquiddeepintheocean.［D］TofollowthetrackoftheSovietwarshipsunderwater.65.Whatwasspecialintheirrecordedsounds？［A］Astrange,powerfulanimalsoundwasheard.［C］Aseamonster’ssoundwasheard.［B］Abigwhale’ssoundwasheard. ［D］Agiantsquid’ssoundwasheard.66.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage？［A］Scientists’discoveriesalwayschangepeople’sbelief.［B］Therearetoomanysecretstobediscovered.［C］Megalodonmaybestillalivedeepintheocean.［D］“Deepsoundchannel”allowssoundwavestotravelundisturbed.PartVCloze（15minutes）Directions：Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Beforethe20thcenturythehorseprovideddaytodaytransportationintheUnitedStates.Trainswereusedonlyforlong-distancetransportation.Todaythecaristhemostpopular67oftransportationinalloftheUnitedStates.Ithascompletely68thehorseasameansofeverydaytransportation.Americansusetheircarfor6990percentofallpersonal70.MostAmericansareableto71cars.Theaveragepriceofa72madecarwas,500in1950,740in1960andup73750in1975.DuringthisperiodAmericanearmanufacturerssetabout74theirproductsandworkefficiency.Meanwhile,theyearlyincomeofthe75familyincreasedfrom1950to197576thanthepriceofcars.Forthisreason,77anewcartakesasmaller78ofafamily’stotalearningstoday.In195179ittook8.1monthsofanaveragefamily’s80tobuyanewcar.In1962,anewcar818.3ofafamily’sannualearnings.By1975itonlytook4.7582income.Inaddition,the1975carsweretechnically83tomodelsfrompreviousyears.The84oftheautomobileextendsthroughouttheeconomy85thecarissoimportanttoAmericans.Americansspendmoremoney8667.［A］kinds ［B］means ［C］mean ［D］types68.［A］denied ［B］reproduced ［C］replaced ［D］ridiculed69.［A］hardly ［B］nearly ［C］certainly ［D］somehow70.［A］trip ［B］works ［C］business ［D］travel71.［A］buy ［B］sell ［C］race ［D］see72.［A］quickly ［B］regularly ［C］rapidly ［D］recently73.［A］on ［B］to ［C］in ［D］about74.［A］raising ［B］making ［C］reducing ［D］improving75.［A］unusual ［B］interested ［C］average ［D］big76.［A］slowest ［B］equal ［C］faster ［D］less77.［A］bringing ［B］obtaining ［C］having ［D］purchasing78.［A］part ［B］half ［C］number ［D］side79.［A］clearly ［B］proportionally ［C］obviously ［D］suddenly80.［A］income ［B］work ［C］plants ［D］debts81.［A］used ［B］spent ［C］cost ［D］needed82.［A］months ［B］dollar ［C］family ［D］year83.［A］famous ［B］quick ［C］superior ［D］inferior84.［A］running ［B］notice ［C］influence ［D］discussion85.［A］then ［B］so ［C］as ［D］which86.［A］starting ［B］leaving ［C］keeping ［D］repairingPartVITranslation（5minutes）Directions：CompletethesentencesonAnswerSheet2bytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.87.Thechairmanrequested________________________（所有书面资料都要储存在电脑硬盘上）.88.________________________（如果我是你）,Iwouldhaveacceptedsuchanoffergivenbythemanager.89.Doyoumind________________________（推迟这次会议到本季度末）？90.________________________（考虑到各种各样的因素）,oursubjectsshouldberearrangedtomeettherequirementsofthecurriculum.91.________________________（理完发之后）,ProfessorSmithwentstraightlytothelaboratorytoproceedwithhisexperiments.2011年冬大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷一答案PartIWritingCityProblemsNowsdays,millionsofmigrantworker