采动影响下大倾角回采巷道围岩失稳机理研究

采动影响下大倾角回采巷道围岩失稳机理研究摘要：

为了研究采动影响下大倾角回采巷道围岩失稳机理，本文基于大倾角回采巷道的工程实例，采用有限元数值模拟方法，结合地质条件，分析了不同采高、不同煤厚、不同支架方式下巷道围岩的受力情况，并深入分析了各种因素的影响规律。研究结果表明：（1）在大倾角回采巷道复杂应力环境下，巷道围岩受到多向压应力的影响，导致围岩失稳易发生在弱层和煤层的交界处和接近倾角的位置。（2）采高和煤厚是影响围岩失稳的主要因素，采高增大和煤厚减小都会导致围岩稳定性下降。（3）支架方式对围岩稳定性有重要影响，使用支护效果好的支架方式能够有效提高围岩抗压、抗剪强度，从而提高巷道的稳定性。

关键词：大倾角回采巷道；围岩失稳；有限元数值模拟；采高；煤厚；支架方式

Abstract:

Inordertostudytheinstabilitymechanismofsurroundingrocksinsteeplyinclinedroadwaysundermininginfluence,basedontheengineeringcaseofsteeplyinclinedroadways,thispaperusesthefiniteelementnumericalsimulationmethod,combinedwithgeologicalconditions,toanalyzethestressstateofsurroundingrocksindifferentminingheights,differentcoalthicknessesanddifferentsupportmodes,anddeeplyanalyzetheinfluencelawsofvariousfactors.Theresearchresultsshowthat:(1)Underthecomplexstressenvironmentofsteeplyinclinedroadways,thesurroundingrocksareaffectedbymulti-directionalcompressionstress,whichleadstotheinstabilityofthesurroundingrocksatthejunctionofweaklayersandcoalseamsandneartheinclinationangle.(2)Theminingheightandcoalthicknessarethemainfactorsaffectingtheinstabilityofthesurroundingrock.Theincreaseinminingheightandthedecreaseincoalthicknesswillleadtoadecreaseinthestabilityofthesurroundingrock.(3)Thesupportmodehasanimportantinfluenceonthestabilityofthesurroundingrock.Theuseofsupportmodewithgoodsupporteffectcaneffectivelyimprovethecompressiveandshearstrengthofthesurroundingrock,therebyimprovingthestabilityoftheroadway.

Keywords:steeplyinclinedroadway;surroundingrockinstability;finiteelementnumericalsimulation;miningheight;coalthickness;supportmodeBasedontheaboveanalysis,itcanbeconcludedthatthestabilityofthesurroundingrockinasteeplyinclinedroadwayisaffectedbymultiplefactors,includingtheminingheight,coalthickness,andsupportmode.Tofurtherinvestigatethestabilityofthesurroundingrock,finiteelementnumericalsimulationcanbeused.

Finiteelementnumericalsimulationisausefultoolforpredictingtheresponseofthesurroundingrockunderdifferentminingconditions.Bymodelingthegeologicalandminingconditions,thestabilityofthesurroundingrockcanbeevaluatedandoptimized.Inaddition,differentsupportmodescanbetestedtodeterminethemosteffectivemethodofsupport.

Overall,itisimportanttoconsiderallfactorsthatcanaffectthestabilityofthesurroundingrockinasteeplyinclinedroadway.Propersupportmeasuresandpreventivemeasuresshouldbetakentoensurethesafetyofminersandthestabilityoftheminingenvironment.Byutilizingadvancedtechnologiesandmaintainingaproactiveapproachtothemanagementofminingoperations,therisksassociatedwithsteeplyinclinedroadwayscanbeminimizedInadditiontoadvancedtechnologyandproactivemanagement,trainingandeducationarealsocrucialinensuringthesafetyofminersandthestabilityofminingenvironmentsinsteeplyinclinedroadways.Workersmustbeproperlytrainedinemergencyresponseprocedures,suchashowtorespondintheeventofarockfallorotherhazardoussituation.Regularsafetydrillsshouldalsobeconductedtoensurethatworkersarepreparedforemergencies.

Minersshouldalsobeeducatedonthegeologyofthesurroundingrockandthepotentialhazardsthatmayariseinsteeplyinclinedroadways.Thiscanhelpthemtobetterunderstandtherisksinvolvedintheirworkandtotakepreventivemeasuresaccordingly.

Regularinspectionsandmonitoringarealsoimportantforidentifyinganychangesinthestabilityoftherockinasteeplyinclinedroadway.Monitoringequipment,suchasgroundsupportmonitoringsystemsandseismometers,canprovidevaluabledataonthegeologicalconditionsofthesurroundingrockandalertworkerstoanypotentialhazards.

Finally,collaborationbetweenminingcompanies,regulators,andotherstakeholdersisnecessarytoensurethatpropersafetymeasuresareinplaceinsteeplyinclinedroadways.Byworkingtogethertoidentifyandaddresssafetyrisks,theindustrycancontinuetoimprovethesafetyofworkersandthestabilityofminingenvironmentsinsteeplyinclinedroadways.

Inconclusion,steeplyinclinedroadwayspresentsignificantsafetyandstabilitychallengesinundergroundminingoperations.Tomitigatetheserisks,itisessentialtoutilizeadvancedtechnology,maintainaproactiveapproachtomanagement,providepropertrainingandeducation,conductregularinspectionsandmonitoring,andcollaboratewithallstakeholders.Bytakingthesemeasures,thesafetyofminersandthestabilityofminingenvironmentscanbegreatlyimprovedMoreover,itiscrucialtoestablishclearguidelinesandprotocolsfordesigningandconstructingsteeplyinclinedroadwaysinundergroundmines.Theseguidelinesshouldtakeintoaccountthegeologicalandgeotechnicalconditionsofthemine,aswellasthepotentialimpactofminingactivitiesonthesurroundingenvironment.Theyshouldalsoconsidertheuseofappropriatereinforcementandsupportsystems,suchasrockbolts,mesh,andshotcrete,toenhancethestabilityoftheroadway.

Anothercriticalaspectofensuringthesafetyofsteeplyinclinedroadwaysistopromoteeffectivecommunicationamongallstakeholdersinvolvedintheminingoperation.Thisincludesminemanagers,engineers,geologists,andminersthemselves,aswellasrelevantregulatoryagenciesandindustryassociations.Regularcommunicationandcollaborationcanhelptoidentifypotentialrisksandhazards,developeffectivemitigationstrategies,andimplementbestpracticesforsafeandsustainableminingoperations.

Finally,itisessentialtorecognizethatsteeplyinclinedroadwaysarejustoneaspectofacomplexanddynamicundergroundminingenvironment.Otherfactorsthatcanimpactsafetyandstabilityincluderoofandwallstability,ventilation,watermanagement,andequipmentmaintenance.Toensuretheoverallsafetyandsustainabilityofthemine,itisnecessarytotakeaholisticandintegratedapproachtomanagingallaspectsoftheoperation.

Insummary,steeplyinclinedroadwayspresentsignificantchallengestothesafetyandstabilityofundergroundminingoperations.However,byutilizingadvancedtechnology,adoptingaproactiveapproachtomanagement,providingappropriatetrainingandeducation,establishingclearguidelinesandprotocols,promotingeffectivecommunicationandcollaborationamongstakeholders,andtakingaholisticand