托福听力分类词汇汇总

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osmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天体的celestialbody/heavenlybody天体celestialmap/skyatlas天体图celestialsphere天球dwarf/dwarfstar矮星quasar类星体constellation星座galaxy/MilkyWay银河系starcluster星团asterism星群solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕燃烧globalwarming全球变暖greenhouseeffect温室效应riseinsealevel海平面上升15/39long-termclimaticchange长期的气候变化environmentalrecyclingcenter再循环利用中心litter/trashgarbage垃圾pollutant污染物desertification沙漠化deforest滥伐森林drought干旱watershortage水源缺乏offshorespillage近海岸溢出solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid/asteroid小行星revolve旋转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星16/39Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteorshower流星雨star恒星meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space/outerspace太空，外层空间spacecraft/spaceship宇宙飞船spaceshuttle航天飞机spacetelescope空间望远镜astronaut/spaceman宇航员spacesuit宇航服stellar恒星的carbondioxiderelease二氧化碳排放industrialsewage工业污水recycling再循环purify净化deteriorate恶化acidrain酸雨sewagedisposal污水处理environmentprotection环境保护ozonelayer臭氧层wastedisposal废物处理emission（汽车废气的）排放17/39soot烟尘ElNiño厄尔尼诺现象intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云spacedebris太空垃圾ammonia氨photosphere光球；光球层chromospheres色球；色球层chromospheres-coronatransitionzone色球-日冕过渡层sunglow日冕sunspot太阳黑子（发生在光球层）flare耀斑（发生在色球层）solarprominence日珥（发生在色球层）convectionzone对流层vacuum真空infraredray红外线absolutemagnitude绝对量级emission/散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪，干涉仪illusiveobject幻影体faint微弱的image影像gravitationalforce吸引力molten融化的leapyear闰年气象学meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家meteorologicalstation气象站forecast/predict预报18/39climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere平流层mesosphere中间层ionosphere电离层exosphere逸散层coldfront冷锋warmairmass热气团current（气）流moisture潮湿，水气spell某种天气持续一段时vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp/moist/humid潮湿humidity湿度moisture潮湿地理学hemisphere半球meridian子午线/经线parallel平行圈latitude纬线19/39longitude经线/经度elevation海拔altitude高度/海拔horizon地平线equator赤道temperaturelatitudes温带地区tropics热带地区Arctic/theNorthPole北极Antarctic/Antarctica南极rotation自传revolution公转blackhole黑洞ultravioletray紫外线saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog/mist雾smog烟droplet小水condense浓缩crystal水晶体sheet（水、冰、雪的）一层downpour/torrentialrain大雨20/39tempest(storm)/torrentialrain暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard/snowstorm暴风雪avalanche/snowslide雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水thunder雷breeze微风sandstorm沙暴monsoon季风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台hurricane飓风tornado/twister/cyclone龙卷风theAntarcticContinent南极洲theAntarcticCircle南极圈theArcticCircle北极圈aurora极光tropicsofCancer北回归线tropicsofCapricorn南回归21/39线internationaldateline国际日期变更线timedifference时差timezone时区topography地形/地形学plain平原luminosity光度lightyear光年windscale风级tsunami/seismicseawave海啸tidalwave潮汐；浪潮upperatmosphere上层大气funnel漏斗云disaster/calamity/catastrophe灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没drought旱灾convection对流windvelocity风速winddirection风向long-rangeforecast长期预报numericalweatherprediction数值天气预报nephanalysis云层分析；卫星云图plateau/highland高地lowland低地basin盆地oasis绿洲enclave飞地peak山峰cordillera/ranges山脉carven/cave洞穴terrain地域22/39subterranean地底下coastland沿海地区coastline海岸线watershed分水岭upperreaches上游lowerreaches下游tributary支流deposit沉积spring/fountain泉水iceberg冰山riverbed河床gulf/bay海湾waterfall瀑布cascade小瀑布；喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent水的急流tropicalrainforest热带雨林continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛delta三角洲landlockedarea内陆inlandwaterway内陆河subcontinent次大陆23/39cliff山崖valley山谷hillside/mountainslope山坡continentalshelf大陆架地质学crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳layer/stratum地层stratigraphy地层学fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift/crack/split断裂disintegration/decomposition分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石igneousrock火成岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩limestone石灰岩24/39granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma/moltenlava岩浆canyon/gorge峡谷channel/strait海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的陆地的terrestrialheat/geothermal地热terrestrialmagnetism地磁continentaldrift大陆漂移学说sea-floorspreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的25/39frostheaving冻胀现象tundra苔原，冻原fieldstone卵石MediterraneanSea地中海quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble碎石debris残骸platinum白金/铂金silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch/age/period冰川期glacialdrift冰渍moraines冰碛iceberg冰山volcano火山26/39activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山theprimevalforest原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚半岛瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称)fjord峡湾coralreef珊瑚礁Chalk白垩纪cataclysm大洪水ridge山脊；分水岭abyss深渊territory版图；领土；地域Pyrenees比利牛斯山脉Carpathians喀尔巴阡山脉Vesuvius维苏威火山Pompeii庞贝precipice悬崖eon世；纪；代glacier冰河Pangaea盘古大陆dune沙丘Lagoon咸水湖(sloping)shieldvolcano盾状火山（平缓）(steep-sided)conevolcano锥状火山（陡峭）eruption火山喷发crater火山口caldera（开口较大）火山口depression洼地，凹陷处；盆地lava火山岩浆volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火山灰geyser间歇喷泉hotspring温泉earthquake/quake/tremor/seism地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismicintensityscale震烈度seismicwave地震波transversewave横波27/39longitudinalwave纵波epicenter震中epicentraldistance震中距aftershock余震cataclysm灾变考古学archaeology考古学paleontology古生物学anthropology人类学archaeologist人类学家pale-anthropologist古人类学家ecologicalanthropologist生态人类学家psychologicalanthropologist心理人类学家originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid人（科）建筑学architecture建筑学28/39architect建筑学家construct结构wing辐楼/侧楼design设计elevator电梯skyscraper摩天大楼designelement设计元素logstructure原木结构cabin小木屋政治、经济学类subsistence存活，生活subsistencewage刚够养家糊口的工资subsistencelevel收支平衡的生活水平kinship亲属关系，血缘关系commodity商品check支票；收据；账单tsunami/tidal/force海啸undersealandslide海底山崩meltglobalwarming全球逐渐变暖29/39aquifer蓄水层swamp沼泽peatbog泥炭沼泽homogeneous同以种族（种类）的tribe部落clan氏族excavation挖掘excavate/unearth挖掘ruins遗迹/废墟remains遗产/遗骸artifact手工艺品relic遗物/文物antique古物/古董antiquity古代/古老StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge青铜器时代beam梁prototype原型buildingtechnique建筑工艺newmaterial新材料metal-frame金属结构30/39repairperson修理工planetarium天文馆aquarium水族馆archives档案馆officebankloan银行贷款interest利息withdraw从银行账户中提款honor(cheque/bill/draft)承兑arunonabank挤兑theGreatDepression大萧条GreatCanyon大峡谷NileRiver尼罗河Coloradoriver科罗拉多河crumpleszones地质缓冲地带bedrock岩床bulge凸起物IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的morphology形态学skull颅骨cranial颅骨的fossil化石ancientcivilization古代文明caveman山顶洞人culturalrelics文物rockpainting岩画building写字楼cathedral大教堂mosque清真寺thestatueofliberty自由女神像thetriumphalarch凯旋门sphinx狮身人面像pyramid金字塔castle城堡31/39consumerism消费主义（认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法）；保护消费者权益主义affluence富裕，富足sophisticated世故的，老练的；复杂的，尖端的教育学highereducation高等教育moralcharacter道德品质domain领域faculty全体教员alumni校友人物artist艺术家choreographer舞蹈编排家critic批评家satirist讽刺作家inventor发明家biographer自传作家sculptor雕塑家feminist女权主义者humanitarian人道主义者imagist意象派诗人philanthropist慈善家32/39proprietor业主mortal犯人precursor先驱figurehead名誉领袖disciple学徒apprentice学徒mechanic机械工minimalist简单抽象派艺术家avant-garde前卫派摄影photographer摄影家panorama全景照片snapshot快照developing冲洗enlarge放大foreground前景background背景文学pose散文diary日记autobiography传记editorial社论narrativeprose叙述性descriptiveprose描写性33/39essay随笔poetry诗歌treasurer生活委员/财务大臣electivesystem选课制度curriculum课程（总称）discipline学科/管理territory领域genre风格/体裁eccentric古怪的odd怪诞的/奇数的erratic奇怪的weird怪异的/不可思议的romantic浪漫的innocent天真的/无罪的lovelorn相思病苦的emotional情绪的情感的sentimental感伤的多愁善感的cheerless无精打采的/无生命力的patriarchal家长的族长的34/39rigid僵化的spare简朴的clumsy笨拙的zigzag曲折的highdefinition高清晰度close-up特写outoffocus调焦不准exposure曝光instantcamera拍立得cameralens相机镜头ballad民谣lullaby催眠曲fiction小说allegory寓言fairytale童话legend传说proverb谚语model人物原型leadingcharacter主人公learnbyrote死记硬背encyclopedias百科全书专科全书contemporary当代的acclaimed受欢迎的preeminent杰出的versatile（人）多才多艺的/（物）多功能的household家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine真正的authentic逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic象征性的immortal不朽的神