高考英语作文概要写作练习附参考习作

SummaryWriting（一）WhenyouthinkoftheArctic(北极),youimagineanicylandofpurewhitesnow.OthersimagineitasthelastreallycleanplaceleftonEarth.Wehavepollutedthedeepestoceanswithplastictrash,andnow,CNNsays,“It’stheArctic’sturn.”Germanscientistshaverecentlyfoundmicroplastics(微塑料)inArcticsnow,theAssociatedPressreported.Microplasticsarepiecesofplasticsmallerthan5millimeters.Sadly,thescientistsfound1,800piecesofmicroplasticperliterofsnow.HowisplasticpollutionreachingtheArctic?Accordingtoscientists,显“It’sreadilyappa然的)thatthemajorityofthemicroplasticsinthesnowcomesfromtheair.”Theyfalloffofplasticobjectsandaremovedbythewind,justlikedust.Theymixwithiceintheairandfalltothegroundassnow.FindingtheseplasticsinArcticsnowmeansthatwemaybreathethemin.Anevenhigheramountofmicroplasticwasfoundinthesnowaroundcities.Thehighconcentrations(浓度)foundinsnowsamples(样本)suggestmicroplastics,whichcontainrubberorchemicalsusedinsyntheticfabrics(合成纤维),maycausesignificantairpollution.HealthOrganization.Wedoknowthatourbodiescannottakein“large”piecesofmicroplasticsHowever,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanfindwaysintoourbodiesandstaythereforalongtime,whichcanbebadforourhealth.Whatr’studiesmore,haveearlieshownthatmicroplasticsmaycontributetolungcancerrisk,heighteningtheneedtofurtherassess(评估)therisksoftakingthemin,thestudysaid.Microplasticshavealsobeenfoundinriversandoceansaroundtheworld.Previousresearchhasfoundthattheyflowoverlongdistancesandintoouroceans,damagingecosystems(生态系wastewaterthenflowsintoriversandouttosea,wheretheyareeatenbyseaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeansthatwe’reeatingtheplasticaswell.Summarywriting纲领写作：Pleasewriteasummaryofthearticleinabout60words.【文章分析】该篇文章表达了科学家在北极的雪中发现了微塑料，并讲解了北极微塑料从何而来，以及可能造成的影响。【写作建议】这篇文章是一篇科普类说明文。第一以一项最新的研究发现引入，表示北极被“微塑料雪”污染，由此作者分析了微塑料从何而来，并点明它对空气、大海河流以及人类健康的可能影响。写纲领以前要认真分析段落之间的关系，看清全文的主线，列出文章的逻辑构造。同时要注意详略合适，突出重点。比方微塑料的成分、详细怎样形成可省略不写。参照答案：MicroplasticshavebeenfoundinArcticsnowbyGermanscientists.Themajorityofthemcomefromtheair.Buttheirhigherconcentrationsarefoundinsnowaroundcities,whichmayleadtoairpollution.Inaddition,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanbetakenintoourbodies,whichmayincreasetheriskoflungcancer.Previousstudiesalsofoundthatmicroplasticsinriversandoceansdamageecosystems,meaningwemaybeeatingtheplasticwhenweeatseaanimals..(二)WhenyouthinkoftheArctic(北极),youimagineanicylandofpurewhitesnow.OthersimagineitasthelastreallycleanplaceleftonEarth.Wehavepollutedthedeepestoceanswithplastictrash,andnow,CNNsays,“It’stheArctic’sturn.”Germanscientistshaverecentlyfoundmicroplastics(微塑料)inArcticsnow,theAssociatedPressreported.Microplasticsarepiecesofplasticsmallerthan5millimeters.Sadly,thescientistsfound1,800piecesofmicroplasticperliterofsnow.HowisplasticpollutionreachingtheArctic?Accordingtoscientists,显然“It’sreadilyapparen的)thatthemajorityofthemicroplasticsinthesnowcomesfromtheair.”Theyfalloffofplasticobjectsandaremovedbythewind,justlikedust.Theymixwithiceintheairandfalltothegroundassnow.FindingtheseplasticsinArcticsnowmeansthatwemaybreathethemin.Anevenhigheramountofmicroplasticwasfoundinthesnowaroundcities.Thehighconcentrations(浓度)foundinsnowsamples(样本)suggestmicroplastics,whichcontainrubberorchemicalsusedinsyntheticfabrics(合成纤维),maycausesignificantairpollution.HealthOrganization.Wedoknowthatourbodiescannottakein“large”piecesofmicroplasticsHowever,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanfindwaysintoourbodiesandstaythereforalongtime,whichcanbebadforourhealth.What’smore,earlierstudieshaveshownthatmicroplasticsmaycontributetolungcancerrisk,heighteningtheneedtofurtherassess(评估)therisksoftakingthemin,thestudysaid.Microplasticshavealsobeenfoundinriversandoceansaroundtheworld.Previousresearchhasfoundthattheyflowoverlongdistancesandintoouroceans,damagingecosystems(生态系统)alongtheway.Theystartinourwastewaterwhenwewashclotheswithplasticfibers.Thewastewaterthenflowsintoriversandouttosea,wheretheyareeatenbyseaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeansthatwe’reeatingtheplasticaswell.Summarywriting纲领写作Pleasewriteasummaryofthearticleinabout60words.（三）MysonLeon’spassionforsurfingbeganattheageof13.Beforeandafterschooleachday,heputonhiswetsuit,pickeduphiscompanion,swamoutbeyondthesurflineandwaitedtobechallengedbyhisthree-tosix-footfriends.Oneafternoon,thelifeguard(救生员)reportedoverthephonetomyhusbandWilsonthatLeon’seyewasbadlyinjuredbyhisboard.Wilsonrushedhimtotheemergencyroom.Hereceived26stitches(缝针)fromthecornerofhiseyetothebridgeofhisnose.Iwasonanairplaneflyinghomefromaspeakingengagement(

安排)whileLeon

’seyewasbeingstitched.WilsondrovedirectlytotheairportaftertheyleftthedoctormeatthegateandtoldmeLeonwaswaitinginthecar.

’soffice.He“Leon?”Iquestioned.Irememberthinkingthewavesmusthavebeenbadthatday.“He’sbeeninanaccident,buthe’sgoingtobefine.”Atravelingworkingmother’sworstnightmare噩梦)had(cometrue.Irantothecarsofastthattheheelofmyshoebrokeoff.Iswungopenthedoortoseethatmyyoungestsonhadapatch(眼罩)overhiseyeandwasleaning(倾斜)towardmecrying,“Oh,Ma,I’msogladyou’rehome.IcriedinhisarmstellinghimhowawfulIfeltaboutnotbeingtherewhenthelifeguardcalled.“It’sokay,Mom,”hecomfortedme.“Youdon’tknowhowtosurfanyway.”

”“What?”Iasked,confusedbyhislogic.“I’llbefine.ThedoctorsaysIcangobackinthewaterineightdays.”Iwantedtotellhimhewasn’tallowedtogonearwateragainuntilhewas35,butIbitinstead,mytongueandhopedhewouldforgetaboutsurfing.Forthenextsevendays,hekeptpressingmetolethimsurfagain.OnedayafterIhadrepeated“No”tohimforthe100thtime,hebeatmeatmyowngame.“Mom,youtaughtusnevertogiveupwhatwelove.”Igavein.Backthen,Leonwasjustaboywithapassionforsurfing.Now,he’samanwitharesponsibility.Heranksamongthetop25professionalsurfersintheworld.Passionatepeopleembracewhattheyloveandnevergiveup.Summarywriting纲领写作Pleasewriteasummaryofthearticleinabout60words.参照答案：MysonLeonlovedsurfingfrom13andwouldsurfeveryday.Onedayhewasbadlyinjuredbyhisboard.ButhestillheldontohispassionandpersuadedmebypointingoutthatIhadtaughthimnottogiveuponwhatwelove.Nowheisagreatsurfer.Passionatepeoplenevergiveuponwhattheylove.(四)IspentoneSundayafternoonhelpingmyfriendputtogethertheicehockey(冰球)nethe’djustboughtforhiskids.Done,westoodbackandadmiredtheprecision(精巧度)design.AlthoughmychildhoodfriendsandIwould’velovedsuchanet,thereisalottobesaidforthewaywehadtoimprovise(临时改动)ourhockeygames.Improvisinggoalnetswithwhatwecouldfindmadeusinventive,taughtusleadershipandteamworkandwasfunandjoyful.Mostoftenweusedboots(靴子).Eachgoalwasmarkedbytwobootsspacedasequallyapartaswecouldmanage.Thetroublewasthattheyoftenwentslidingwhenthepuck(冰球运动用球)hitthemhardenough.Thosemomentswereexciting,asthegoalie(守门员)hadtochaseabootthathadmoved,andresetitquickly,orrisksomeonetakingadvantageandscoringagoal.Andwealsohadtokeepoureyespeeledfortheoccasionaldishonestgoaliewhomightmovethebootsclosertogether.Thissituationledtodiscussionsandargumentsoverwhatmightormightnothavebeenagoal,butweimprovedourdebatingskillsinthesenegotiations,andlearnedtostanduptokidswhowantedtodominate(控制)everyoneelse.Inevitably(不可以防范地),thenumberofcompetitorswouldthinoutasmomscalledthemhomeforsupper.Thiswasthebesttime.Afterthehoursofplay,weweresweaty,red-faced,wetanddirty.Playershadtobetradedtokeeptheteamseven,butwemanagedtheadjustmentswell.Notimetowastenow,sincesoonitwouldbedark.Wejoinedournewteamnoquestionsasked,justtakingthepositionontheicethecaptainpointedusto.Enemiesbecamefriends.Anotherv