2023年考研外语模拟试题9

考研外语模拟试题9一、UseofEnglish1、Nobody,itseems,wantstobeleftoutofArgentina'scurrentboomintelevisionrealityshows.Afterthesuccessoflocalversionsof〃BigBrother"and"Survivor”,acameraisnowtobe(1)inthepresidentialpalace,theCasaRosada,tofilmeverything(well,almost)(2)PresidentFernandodelaRuagets(3)to.Theresultswillbeeditedand(4)severaltimesaday,(5)thestatechannel,Canal7;thusdispell,itis(6),thenotionthatthepresidentspendshistimetwiddlinghisthumbstohiseconomyminister,DomingoCavallo,runsthecountry.Thisisadangerousstrategy.Mr.delaRua'spredecessor,CarlosMenem,wasfamousforhisloveofshowbusiness,evenclosinghis1995presidentialcampaign(7)anappearanceonthehitshow〃Videomatch〃.Indeliberate(8),beforehiselectionvictorytwoyears(9).Mr.delaRua(10)intelevisioncommercialsthathewasaveryboringman.Audiencesagree:hisappearanceslastyearonseveralleadingtalk(11)madetheirratingsfall.Worse,whenhedecidedUsingindustryaverages,if400viewerscanbeexpectedtosignupacredit,card,howmuchviewerswillactuallyseethead?2million4million16million8millionTheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofwebsitesis.A.distrustfulB.pessimisticC.detestingD.optimisticTheconsequencesofheavydrinkingarewelldocumented:failinghealth,brokenmarriages,regrettablelate-nightphonecalls.ButaccordingtoGregoryLuzaich，scalculations,therecanbeadownsidetomodestdrinking,too一thoughonethatdamagesthewallet,nottheliver.ThePekWineStewardpreventswinefromspoilingbyinjectingargon,aninertgas,intothebottlebeforesealingitairtightwithsilicon.Mr.Luzaich,amechanicalengineerinWindsor,Calif一intheSonomaCountywinecountry一firsttalliedthecostsofhisreasonableconsumptioninOctober2022.〃I'dliketocomehomeintheeveningandhaveaglassofwinewithdinner”,hesaid.〃Mywifedoesn，tdrinkverymuch,sothebottlewouldn'tgetconsumed.AndmaybeIwouldforgetaboutitthenextday,andI'dcheckbackadayortwolater,andthewinewouldbespoiled”.Thatmeanthewaswastingmostofa$15to$20bottleofwinedozensoftimesayear.Acheekofthewine-preservationgadgetsonthemarketleftMr.LuzaichdissatisfiedHigh-endwinecabinetscostthousandsofdollars一ahugeinvestmentforaglass-a-daydrinker.Affordablepreservers,meanwhile,didn'tquiteperforin,toMr.Luzaich'sliking;bethoughttheyallowedtoomuchoxidation,whichdegradesthetasteofawine.Thesolution,hedecided,wasabettergas.Manypreserverspumpednitrogenintoanopenedbottletoslowawine'sdecline,eventhoughoenologicalliteraturesuggestedthatargonwasmoreeffective.SowhenhebegandesigningthePekWineSteward,ametalconeintowhichawinebottleisinserted,Mr.Luzaichfoundthathismainchallengewastofigureouthowbesttointroducetheargon.Hespentmonthsfine-tuningagasinjectionsystem.〃Weusedcomputationalfluiddynamicstomodelthegasflow”,Mr.Luzaichsaid,referringtoacomputer-analysistechniquethatmeasureshowsmoothlyparticlesareflowing.Thegoalwastocreateaninjectorthatcouldswapabottle'soxygenatomsforargonatoms;argonisaninertgas,andthusunlikelytoharmaniceChianti.Mr.Luzaich,whohadpreviouslydesignedmedicalandtelecommunicationsproducts,alsoworkedoncreatinganairtightseal,tosecurethebottleaftertheargonwasinjected.Heexperimentedwithseveralsubstances,fromneoprenetoavisco-elasticpolymer(whichhedismissedas"toogooey"),beforesettlingonafood-gradesilicon.Tosavewine,abottleisplacedinsidethePekWineSteward,thetopisclosed,andatriggerispulledfor5to10seconds,dependingonhowmuchwineremains.Whenthetriggerisreleased,thebottleissealedautomatically,preservingthewineforaweekormore.Thecompanysays.〃Wewantedtomakeitveryeasyfortheconsumer”,Mr.Luzaichsaid.〃It'sbasicallymindless”.Thedevice,whichresemblesahigh-techthermos,firstbecameavailabletoconsumersinMarch2022,and8,000to10,000havebeensold,primarilythroughcatalogslikethoseofTheWineEnthusiastandHammacherSchlemmerThebasemodelsellsfor$99;adeluxemodel,whichalsoincludesathermoelectriccooler,is$199.AccordingtoGregoryLuzaich.thedisadvantageofmodestdrinkingis.A.damagingtheliverB.costingmuchC.breakingmarriagesD.spoilingthewineTheword"tailied〃（Para.2）probablymeansA.calculatedB.correspondedtolistedgaveAccordingtothetext,the〃PekWineSteward"is.A.ametalconeB.athermoelectriccoolerC.agasinjectorD.awinepreserverMr.Luzaichcreatedthesealtopreventthewinefromdecliningwith.A.neopreneB.visco-elasticpolymerC・siliconD.argonMr.Luzaich'sattitudetotheautomaticsealingis.A.oppositionB.suspicionC.approvalD.indifference11>FormanypeopletheNewYorkTimesisthegreatestnewspaperanywhere.Buttherehaslongbeenasmallpoolofconservativedissentersinitshometown.Forthem,theTimesisleft-wing,inaccurate,devoidofhumor,and,worstofall,unopposed(theyneverseemtocounttheWallStreetJournal,which,tobefair,doesn，twritethatmuchabouttheBigApple).Nowthesecriticismsarebeingmade,daily,andoftenwittily,byafleeweb-basedpublication.Thepublisher,isIraStoll,a28-year-oldformermanagingeditorofForward,aJewishweekly.At6o'clockeverymorninghepicksupacopyoftheTimesataBrooklynnews-standand,withinfourhours,unleashesaninvariablyscathingreportonsomethinghethinkseitherridiculousorwrong.Categoriesonthewebsiterangefromthepedantic-"NewYork,lackofbasicfamiliaritywith”(notingunbearablegeographicerrors)and"Misspellingofnames”(includingthatoftheSulzbergerfamily,whichcontrolstheTimes)一toweightiertopicssuchastaxesandimmigration.Mostofthetime,Mr.Stollisonthelook-outforleft-wingbiasmaskedasobjectivity.Heisparticularlytoughonthecitationofallegedlyimpartial"experts"inbackuppredictableTimesconclusions一thatthepooraregettingpoorer,privateeducationisbad,welfarereform,hasfailed,publichousingisvital,andRepublicansandpolicemenareinsensitive,racistormentallychallenged.Occasionally,Mr.StolTspiecesprecede(orperhapscause)acorrection.Hewas,forinstance,thefirsttospotthattheTimeshadattackedJohnAshcroft,theconservativeattorney-general,withashortenedandmisleadingquotationliftedfromanothernewspaper.Moreoftenthesinsareofleftishomission.Lastweekend'sodetothejoysoftravelinginCuba,hepointsout,avoided〃anymentionofthecountry'shorriblehuman-rightsrecord”.Likeotherzealots,Mr.Stollsometimesaskstoomuch.Eventheweeklynewspapersoccasionallygetthingswrong;itwouldbesurprisingifadailyasbigastheTimesneverdid.AndMr.StolTsbias,thoughovert,cangetalittleboring.ThisweekhenicelyskeweredanabsurdlysolemnTimespieceaboutaplaninConnecticuttostophighschoolsstartingworkbefore8:30a.m,becauseteenagersdo〃notphysiologicallywakeup〃，fornotevenwonderingwhetheritmightbeagoodtilingforthelittledearstogotobedearlier.ButdidMr.Stollreallyneedtoaddacarpaboutthosetiredteenagershavingsex〃withtheassistanceoftaxpayer-providedfreecontraceptives”?Allthesame,Mr.Stollseemstohavestruckanerve.Inonlysevenmonths,withnomarketing,hehasdevelopedasubscriberlistforadailye-mailofalmost2,000people(including,inevitably,NewtGingrich).AndtheTimesseemstobetakingsomenotice.Threeofitsjournalistshavealreadytakenhimoutforlunch.NewYorkTimeswasnotcriticizedbytheconservativebecauseofbeing.extremisthumourousunfaithfulunopposedTincludesallofthefollowingtopicsEXCEPT.A.taxesandimmigrationflagrantgeographicerrorssomeleg-wingbiasD.SulzbergerfamilygossipTheinstanceinthe4thparagraphimpliesMr.Stoll'spiecessometimes.aresmartaresharparefoolishhaveforesightThefifthparagraphimplies.Mr.Stollisgoingtoofarweeklynewspapersoftenmakemistakes.theteenagersshouldn'tbeprovidedwiththecontraceptionD.Mr.StolTsactionbenefitstheteenagersWhichoneisNOTtrue?A.Mr.Stollhasachievedgreatsuccessinhiscareer.B.Mr.Stollhasasteady"readergroup”.C.TheTimeswilltakemeasurestodealwithMr.StolTsbehaviour.D.TheauthordoesnotappreciateMr.Stollverymuch.16>AwritersaidyesterdaythatRichardM.Scrushy,theformerchiefexecutiveofHealthSouth,paidherthroughapublicrelationsfirmtoproduceseveralfavorablearticlesforanAlabamanewspaperthathereviewedbeforepublicationduringhisfraudtriallastyear.ThearticlesappearedinTheBirminghamTimes,ablack-ownedweeklyinBirmingham,Ale.Mr.ScrushywasacquittedinJuneinasix-monthtrialthereonall36countsagainsthim,despitetestimonyfromformerHealthSouthexecutiveswhosaidhepresidedoverahugeaccountingfraud.〃Isatinthatcourtroomforsixmonths,andIdideverythingpossibletoadvocateforhiscause”,AudreyLewis,theauthorofthearticles,saidinatelephoneinterview.Shesaidshereceived$10,000fromMr.ScrushythroughtheLewisGroup,apublicrelationsfirm,andanother$1,000tohelpbuyacomputer."ScrushypromisedmealotmorethanwhatIgot”.Shesaid.CharlesA.Russell,aspokesmanforMr.Scrushy,saidhewasnotawareofanexplicitagreementfortheLewisGrouptopayMs.Lewis.ThepaymentstoMs.LewiswerefirstreportedbyTheAssociatedPressyesterday."There'snothingthereIthinkRichardwouldhaveanypartof〃,Mr.Russellsaid.Mr.RussellsaidthatMr.Scrushyreviewedthearticlesbeforetheywerepublished."Richardthoughtshewasdoingalittle,'F.Y.L,here5swhatI'mwriting,'〃Mr.Russellsaid.Ms.LewissaidthatMr.Russell,aprominentDenver-basedcrisiscommunicationsconsultant,wasalsoinvolvedinprovidingherwithfinancialcompensation.ShesaidMr.Russellwrotehera$2,500personalcheckattheendofMay2022;Mr.Russellsaidthatwastrue."Shewaslookingforfreelancecommunityrelationsworkafterthetrial”,Mr.Russellsaid.Ms.LewiscameintoMr.Scrushy'sspherethroughBelieversTempleChurch;sheattendsservicesandworksasanadministratorthere.SheandRev.HermanHenderson,thepastor,werepartofagroupthatappearedincourtwithMr.Scrushyandoftenprayedwithhimduringbreaks.Beforeandduringthetrial,inwhich11ofthe18jurorswereblack.Mr.Scrushy,whoiswhite,forgedtieswithBirmingham^sAfrican-Americanpopulation.Hejoinedapredominantlyblackchurch,andhisfoundationdonatedtoitandotherblackcongregations.tomakehisownappearanceon〃Videomatch〃lastDecember,amemberoftheaudienceblamedhimandlefthim(12)embarrassed.Withacongressionalelection(13)inOctober,opinion(14)suggestthatoverthree-quartersofArgentines(15)dissatisfiedwithMr.delaRua.That,sayshiscircle,isatleastpartlyduetohis(16)portrayalbyFreddyVillarreal,animpressioniston〃Videomatch〃，andbyleadingnewspapercartoonists,suchasNikinLaNaeion.Mr.delaRua'steamisapparentlypressingthe(17)tobenicer.Butitisunclearwhetherblanket(18)willhelpthepresidentwin(19)viewers,orwhethertheywillvotethatFernandoshould(20)thehousein2022.installedsetestablishedsettled2、⑵whatthatwhateverD.whichMr.HendersonalsosaidhereceivedpaymentsfromMr.Scrushyinexchangeforbuildingsupportforhimamongblacks.Mr.ScrushysaidinastatementyesterdaythathisfoundationdonatedmoneytoMr.Henderson'schurch,butsaidthepaymentswereunrelatedtohiscase.〃MyfoundationdonatedtohischurchbuildingfundandtoaKatrinareliefeffortthathischurchsponsored”,Mr.Scrushysaid."That'sit.Period”.Ms.Lewis,31,saidshewasdisclosingdetailsaboutthefinancialarrangementbecauseMr.ScrushystillowesherandMr.Hendersonasignificantamountofmoney.Ms.LewisprovidedcopiesofaretaineragreementthatMr.ScrushysignedlastAprilwiththeLewisGroup,apublicrelationsfirmcontrolledbyJesseJ.LewisSr.,82,thefounderofTheBirminghamTimes,andacheckissuedtoherinMayfromtheLewisGroup.(Ms.LewisandMr.Lewisarenotrelated).Theword"acquitted”(Para.2)probablymeans.A.dischargedB.arrestedC.quittedD.punishedMt.RussellsaidRichardhadnothingtodowiththeagreementmentionedbecause.A.Richarddidn'twanttopaymoneyheowedMs.LewisB.thismayaffectthetrialC.thismayrainRichard'sreputationD.heknewthatwasthefactMr.Scrushymadedonationstotheblackgroupsprobablybecause.hehadcloserelationswithBirmingham'sAfrican-AmericanpopulationhewantedthechurchtosetupmorebuildingshewasverybenevolenthewantedtogetsupportfromtheblacksinhistrialThelastparagraphimpliesthat.Mr.ScrushytoldalieMs.LewiswillgetthemoneyMr.ScrushyoweshertheLewisGroupmaybeago-betweenD.Mr.ScrushywillbeinvolvedinthetrialagainFromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthor.issupportiveofMr.ScrushyfavorsMs.Lewis'ssidetakesadetachedattitudeissympatheticPartB(10points)Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)A.Thenextlogicalstepistoautomatethephysicalprocessofcuttingthediamond,andDrHoldenseemstohavefoundtheidealpartner.HeistalkingtoCalibratedDiamonds,acompanybasedinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica,aboutcombininghisoptimizationtechniqueswithanadvancedlaser-cuttingsystem.Traditionally,diamondsarecutandpolishedusingotherdiamonds.Butinrecentyears,lasershavebeenintroducedtomakeroughcutsandmcarry,out"bruiting”,thebevelingprocessusedtogivediamondstheircharacteristicsharp-edgedshapes.JohnBond,thefounderofCalibratedDiamonds,sayshislaser-cuttingmethodcanmakemuchmoreprecisecutsandcanevenpolishdiamonds,thoughheisreluctanttoexplainhowitworks.Hebelievesthatcombininghislaser-cuttingwithDrHolden'ssoftware,andautomatingthewholeprocess,couldbothreducewastedramaticallyandcuttheturnaroundtimefrommonthstodays."Currently,peoplearelosingupto70%ofthediamond”,hesays.Forover600yearslapidarists,orstone-cutters,havebeenusingessentiallythesametechniquestocutdiamondsanddeterminetheirvalue,saysDrHolden.Thereisagreatneedforautomation,hesays一asentimentechoedwithintheindustry.TheGemologicalInstituteofAmerica,forexample,isdevisingsoftwaretoenableretailersandconsumerstocomparediamondsofdifferentcutsbygradingthecutautomatically.Inactualuse,thesystemisfedmodelsofgemstones,whichareproducedbyscanningthestonesusingadesktopX-raytomographymachine.Whenastoneisidentifiedasaborderlinecasebetweentwogrades,thesystemusesanoptimizationtechnique,calledageneticalgorithm,toexplorethedifferentwaysinwhichthestonecouldbecuttomaximizeitsvalue.Sometimesbiggerisnotnecessarilybetter:removingImperfections,knownasinclusions,mayreducethesizeandcartageofastone,butcouldalsoelevateittoamorevaluablegrade.TestsofiGemshowedthatitcouldincreasethevalueofaroughstonebyasmuchas23%.Evenasmallimprovementcanyieldasignificantincreaseinvalue,saysDrHolden,whospecializesinapplyingtechnologytoimprovedecision-makinginbusiness.TogetherWithhiscolleagueMateeSerearuno,hehasdevelopedanoptimizationsystemcallediGem.Besidesautomaticallyworkingoutthegradeofaroughdiamond,italsosuggestshowbesttocatitinordertomaximizethevalueoftheresultingstones.E.Mr.Bondhopesthatthiscombinationoftechnologieswillhelphishomecontinenttobenefitmorefromitsnaturalwealth.Morethan60%oftheworld'sroughdiamondscomefromAfrica,hesays,butalackofexpertiseandrelativelyhighlabourcostsmeansthatthestonesareusuallyshippedoverseas,tocountriessuchasIndia,forassessmentandcutting.Hehopestohavehisfirstfactoryupandrunninglaterthisyear.Thesystemusesasetofroles,distilledfromthejudgmentsoffourdiamondexperts,mdeterminetheclarity,andhencethegrade,ofeachstone.Eachexpertwasaskedtoclassify503different"virtualstones”—computermodelsofstonescontainingdifferentWivesofflaws.Theexperts'verdictswerethenboileddownintoasetofrules,sothatwhenanewgemstoneispresentedtothesystem,itcandeterminehowtheexpertswouldprobablyhavegradedit.Datafrommoreexpertscouldhavebeenused,butfourprovedtobeenoughtoproducearobustandaccuratesystem,saysDrHolden.Whileadiamondmaybeforever,itsvalueisfarfromsetinstone.ItdependsonthefourCs:carat,cut,colorandclarity.Butwhilethefirstthreecanbemeasuredobjectively,assessinga(42)(43)(44)(45)26>PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)AMGEN,theworld'sbiggestbiotechnologycompany,madeitsfortunefromadrugthatfortifiesthebloodofpatientswhoareundergoingdialysis.OnDecember17th,theCaliforniaCompanyacquiredsomenewbloodofitsownwiththepurchaseofImmunex,aSeattle-basedbiotechnologycompany,for$16billion.Thisdeal,abiotech-industryrecord,givesAmgenafirmfootinginthemultibillion-dollarmarketininflammationcontrol.Immunex^smostprofitableproductisEnbrel,atreatmentforrheumatoidarthritis.(46)Amgenhopestotriplethedrug'ssalestomorethan$3billionby2022,wideningitsusetootherdiseasesandovercomingmanufacturingconstraintsthathavekeptthedruginshortsupply.Withthistakeover,Immunexpassesfromoneparenttoanother.AmericanHomeProducts(AHP)holds41%oftheshares,andhasgiventhefirmsalesandmarketingsupport.(47)ButAHP(AmericanHouseholdProducts)hasbeensellingdownitsstakesincelastyear,inparttofinancea$3.8billionsettlementofclaimsagainstitsdietdrugs.(48)AlthoughAmencallsitselfabiotechcompany,itsmarketcapitalisationofaround$62billionmakesitlargerthanPharmaciaandseveralotherwell-knownmainstreamdrugcompanies,traditionallyconsideredthebigbrothersofbiotech.ButAmgenlikestothinkofitselfaslessbureaucraticandmoreentrepreneurialthanitspharmaceuticalbrethren,anditisfreeofsuchbig-pharmawoesasimminentpatentexpiry.(49)However,asJosephDougherty,abiotechanalystatLehmanBrothers,pointsout,-Amgenwillfindithardtoretainthefreedomofitsyouthasitstrivestoexpanditssalesbymorethan30%ayear.Historically,pharmaceuticalcompanieshaveusedtheirdeeppocketstobuybiotechcompanies.Now,increasingly,biotechcompaniesarebuyingeachother(seechart).Suchindustryconsolidationisdrivenbystrategyratherthandesperation,accordingtoScottMorrison,aconsultantwithErnstYoung.(50)Companiesarepoolingtheirresourcestobuildscaleinresearchanddevelopment,andinsales,ortofillholes-intheirproductpipelines,asAmgenhasjustdone.Withalmost1,400biotechcompaniesinAmerica,andacomparablenumberinEurope,thereisplentyofroomformoretogetherness.(47)(48)(49)(50)参考答案：【一\UseofEnglish]1〜5ABCDC6~10BDCAD11〜20点击下载查看答案【二、ReadingComprehension]l~5ABDDB6~10BADCA11〜30点击下载查看答案3、(3)downatupon4、(4)A.announcingB.broadcastingC.announcedD.broadcast5、⑸atinonD.through6、(6)hopinghopedwishingwished7、⑺inbyC.throughD.with8、(8)A.oppositeB.contrarycontrastD.opposition9、(9)agobeforebackahead(10)admitteddeclaredclaimedboasted(11)showsperformancesactsD.programmes(12)A.seeminglookedseemedD.looking(13)approachedapproachingcomingverging(14)A.censusB.surveysC.ballotsD.polls(15)iswerearewas(16)uncaringinsensibleunconcernedunsympathetic(17)channelmediashowTV(18)A.exposureB.revelationC.displayD.disclosure(19)A.throughoutbackup(20)leaveabandonC.departD.quit二、ReadingComprehension1>PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Atcurrentonline-adrates,itisalmostimpossibleforwebpublishersthatcreatetheirowncontenttomakemoney一justaskanyofthetwodozen,fromZ.comtoeCountriesthathavegonebustinthepastmonthalone.Themasonforthebloodbathissimple:advertisersarenotwillingmpayenoughforwebadstosupportthecostofdisplayingthem.Toseewhy,consideracredit-cardfirmthatwantstofindcustomersonline.Sayitrunsacampaigntodisplayitsbanneradto2millionviewers.Usingindustryaverages,oneoutofevery200viewerscanbe