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JapanandAbenomics：Ridingtothe①Inalltheexcitementovermonetaryeasing,thepartofMrAbe’sprogrammetodowithstructuralreformhasgonemostlyunmentioned.excitement《牛津英语词典》的释义是：usedtoemphasizetheamountordegreetowhichsomethingisaffected，其实就是unmentionedunnoticed/unattended/unapproved/unanswered等。造句如下：Thestudentwasclearlycarelessabouthis.ManymistakeshavegonePleasedonotleave albelongingsThoughwellthoughtout,theproposalhasgoneIt'sreallydifficulttogetholdofthemayor.Asthenewspaperwenttopress,manyphonecallshadgone②Theproblemwithanincreaseintheconsumptiontaxisthatithitstheverypeoplewhoneedtospend这句话是表达“事与愿违”的一个很好的例子theverypeople”中的“very”有这么一层意思：actual;preciseusedtoemphasizetheexactidentityofsomeoneorsomething).比如，川普的支持者很多是低收入的白Trump'snewmedicalcarenwilllikelytohurttheveryconstituents,especiallythepoor,whoelectedhimtoofficeinthefirstce.Theproposalfailstotakeintoaccountthecomplexityoftheissue,andwillexacerbatetheveryproblemitsetsouttoaddress.③Thehopeisthatthescandalsaroundtheresignationslastmonthoftwowomencabinetministers,followingminorfinancialmisdeeds,willnotprovetoosevereasetbacktotheernment’sntobetterthelotofworkingwomen.too+adj.+a/an+n.n.ThiswillbetooexpensiveabilltopayI'mafraidthatmaybetooextremeanThiswilllikelytoprovetooriskyapathto①Meanwhile,somespreadrumoursthataconservativeoldguardatthecentralbankwasregainingswayandcouldblockHaruhikoKuroda,itsernor,fromfulfillinghispromisetodo“whateverittakes”toridJapanof其主分为aconservativeoldguard…wasregainingswayandcouldblockHaruhikoKuroda…fromfulfillinghispromiseaconservativeoldguardatthecentralbank，其共同的谓语为wasregainingcouldblock，两个谓语动词后跟的宾语分别为sway和HaruhikoKuroda，第二个分句是一个blocksbfromngsth的结构，其中，itsernorHaruhikoKuroda的同位语，fromfulfillinghispromisetodowhateverittakestoridJapanofdeflation是介词短语作状语，todo“whateverittakes”toridJapanofdeflation是不定式结构作hispromise的无法履行其“不惜任何代价”地为消除通货紧缩的诺言。②Abattleisonbetweenthefinanceministry,whichispushingfortheincreasetodealwithJapan’sballooningpublicdebt,andtheprimeminister’soffice,whichleanstowardsalteringthetimetable.Abattleisonbetweenthefinanceministryandtheprimeminister’soffice，这是一个主系whichthefinanceministrytheprimeminister’soffice。③Inreality,arguesGeraldCurtisofColumbiaUniversity,theradicalactiontakenbyMrKuroda,astaunchadvocateofahikeintheconsumptiontaxinordertomaintainthecountry’sfiscalcredibility,mayhaveremovedmostoftheprimeminister’spoliticalleewayforpostponingone.theradicalaction…mayhaveremovedmostoftheprimeminister’spoliticalleeway，这是一个主谓宾结构。arguesGeraldCurtisofColumbiaUniversityGeraldCurtis之口。另外，astaunchadvocateofahikeintheconsumptiontaxinordertomaintainthecountry’sfiscalcredibility为MrKuroda的同位语，对其进行说明，其中，inordertomaintainthecountry’sfiscalcredibility为目的状语。④Theernmenthasattimesdangledtheprospectofimpressivelyboldreforms,suchasallowingfirmstofirepermanentworkersinreturnforseverancepaywhilealsomakingtheemploymentofJapan’smillionsofworkersonnon-permanentcontractsmoresecure.【解析】本句的主干为Theernmenthasdangledtheprospectofimpressivelyboldreforms，这是一个主谓宾结构。其中，suchas…impressivelyboldreforms的同位语，雇员并与此同时让数以百万的非合同雇员得到的保障。⑤Thehopeisthatthescandalsaroundtheresignationslastmonthoftwowomencabinetministers,followingminorfinancialmisdeeds,willnotprovetoosevereasetbacktotheernment’sntobetterthelotofworkingwomen.cabinetministersthescandals的定语，followingminorfinancialmisdeedstotheernment’sntobetterthelotofworkingwomen作状语努力带来太多影响。⑥AsbaronsintherulingLiberalDemocraticPartylastmonthsoughtthemeanstosilencetheoppositiononthesubjectofpolitical-fundingscandals,speculationgrewthatMrAbemightcallasnapelectionbytheendofthis fitinganoppositioningeneraldisarray.speculationgrewgrewthat从句是修饰speculationMrAbemightcallasnapelection，另外，bytheendofthisyear作时间状语，fitinganoppositioningeneraldisarray为现在分词短intherulingLiberalDemocraticParty是修饰baronstosilencetheoppositionthemeans的定语，介词短语onthesubjectofpolitical-fundingscandals作状语。 ①AbenomicsreferstotheeconomicpoliciesadvocatedbyShinzōAbesincetheDecember2012generalelection,whichelectedAbetohissecondtermasPrimeMinisterofJapan.Abenomicsisbasedupon"threearrows"offiscalstimulus,monetaryeasingandstructuralreforms.TheEconomistcharacterizedtheprogramasa"mixofreflation,ernmentspendingandagrowthstrategydesignedtojolttheeconomyoutofsuspendedanimationthathasgrippeditformorethantwodecades.”Theterm"Abenomics"isaportmanteauofAbeandeconomics,andfollowspreviouspoliticalneologismsforeconomicpolicieslinkedtospecificleaders,suchasReaganomics,ClintonomicsandRogernomics.tativeEasing:On4April2013,theBoJannounceditstativeeasingprogram,wherebyitwouldbuy¥60to¥70trillionofbondsayear.On31October2014,theBoJannouncedtheexpansionofitsbondbuyingprogram,tonowbuy¥80trillionofbondsayear.AbenomicshadimmediateeffectsonvariousfinancialmarketsinJapan.ByFebruary2013,theAbenomicsledtoadramaticweakeningoftheJapaneseyenanda22%riseintheTOPIXstockmarketindex.TheunemploymentrateinJapanfellfrom4.0%inthefinalquarterof2012to3.7%inthefirstquarterof2013,continuingapasttrend.Theyenbecameabout25%loweragainsttheU.S.dollarinthesecondquarterof2013comparedtothesameperiodin2012,withahighlyloosemonetarybeingfollowed.ByMay2013,thestockmarkethadrisenby55percent,consumerspendinghadpushedfirstquartereconomicgrowthup3.5percentannually,andShinzoAbe'sapprovalratingtickedupto70percent.ANihonKeizaiShimbunsurveyfoundthat74%oftherespondentspraisedtheinalleviatingJapanfromtheprolongedrecession.Theimpactonwagesandconsumersentimentwasmoremuted.AKyodoNewspollinJanuary2014foundthat73%ofJapaneserespondentshadnotallynoticedtheeffectsofAbenomics,only28percentexpectedtoseeapayraise,andnearly70%wereconsideringcuttingbackspendingfollowingtheincreaseintheconsumptiontax.UnderaweakerYenAbenomicsincreasedthecostofimports,includingfoodoilandothernaturalresourcesuponwhichJapanishighlyreliant.However,theAbeernmentviewedthisasatemporarysetback,astheweakeryenwouldeventuallyincreaseexportvolumes.Japanalsomanagedtomaintainanoverallcurrentaccountsurplusduetoinvestment efromoverseas.【FromWIkipedia】②ConsumptionAconsumptiontaxisataxonspendingongoodsandservices.Thetaxbaseofsuchataxisthemoneyspentonconsumption.Consumptiontaxesareusuallyindirect,suchasasalestaxoravalueaddedtax.However,aconsumptiontaxcanalsobestructuredasaformofdirect,altaxation,suchastheHall–Rabushkaflattax.Value-addedtax:Avalue-addedtax(VAT)appliestothemarketvalueaddedtoaproductormaterialateachstageofitsmanufactureordistribution.Forexample,ifaretailerbuysashirtfor$20andsellsitfor$30,thistaxwouldapplytothe$10differencebetweenthetwoamounts.AsimpleVATwouldbeproportionaltoconsumptionbutwouldalsoberegressiveon eathigher elevels,asconsumptionfallsasapercentageof e.Savingsandinvestmentaretax-deferreduntilthey econsumption.AVATmayexcludecertaingoodstomakeitlessregressive.ItisusedinEuropeanUnioncountries.InAustralia,Canada,NewZealandandSingapore,itisinsteadcalledaGoodsandServicesTax(GST).InCanadaitisalsocalledHarmonizedSalesTax(HST)whenitiscombinedwithaprovincialsalestax.【From tativetativeeasing(QE)isamonetaryinwhichacentralbankcreatesnewelectronicmoneyinordertobuyernmentbondsorotherfinancialassetstostimulatetheeconomy(i.e.,toincreaseprivate-sectorspendingandreturninflationtoitstarget).Anunconventionalformofmonetary,itisusuallyusedwhenstandardmonetaryhas eineffectiveatcombatingafallingmoneysupply.Acentralbankimplementstativeeasingbybuyingspecifiedamountsoffinancialassetsfromcommercialbanksandotherfinancialinstitutions,thusraisingthepricesofthosefinancialassetsandloweringtheiryield,whilesimultaneouslyincreasingthemoneysupply.Thisdiffersfromthemoreusualofbuyingorsellingshort-termernmentbondstokeepinterbankinterestratesataspecifiedtargetvalue.tativeeasingcanhelpensurethatinflationdoesnotfallbelowatarget.Risksincludethebeingmoreeffectivethanintendedinactingagainstdeflation(leadingtohigherinflationinthelongerterm,duetoincreasedmoneysupply),ornotbeingeffectiveenoughifbanksremainreluctanttolendandpotentialborrowersareunwillingtoborrow.AccordingtotheInternationalMonetaryFund,theU.S.FederalReserveSystem,andvariouseconomists,tativeeasingundertakensincetheglobalfinancialcrisisof2007–08hasmitigatedsomeoftheeconomicproblemssincethecrisis.【FromWikipedia 东京10月31日电（许缘）央行31日午间意外宣布扩大宽松货币政策，将宽松受此消息刺激，东京日经股指盘中跳涨逾5％，日元汇率也迅速贬值至1兑换110日元以上。央行自2013年4月起实行超宽松货币政策，一直以每年60万亿至70万亿日元的规模金融资产。两将通货膨胀率推升至2％的目标。 .html⑤今年9月，内阁改组时第二次进入内阁并成为经济产业大臣的优子，日前被日媒爆出有“政治，“据HK等多家6日，优的家乡群马县个“优子，团多0人说，参者每人次缴纳2万日(0日元约合8元)但有关观剧”活动收情况却显示，在截至1年的2年内背的政治团体向“治座”付了0多万日元，有0多万日元的差额下不明。外，《每日》6日还称，优子的外一个治理团体未产业研究会”的目中，很多不明和名副实的出比如在“费”项目面提交竟然是儿品、儿童玩具、妆品等购物小票“组织动费”然有名牌装和皮等的。优子对疑，只讯社称刚刚升经济产大臣的子陷入“治与金”这让和内部开始出感官长官6日在会上表示“臣应当自解释。年9月重组内阁时，特增加了性入阁数，一间入阁的5女性大臣为的亮。但是在这5名女大臣中4名陷入涡，令始料及。总务大高市早苗前被爆和极右体代表影，国委员长排团体合、法务臣松岛公职法，在只剩女性活与育儿援当大臣【2014年10月17日，文章 JapanandAbenomics：RidingtotheTheprimeminister¹hasbeengivenanopening.Willhetake经常出现在文章中，复下，(inBritainandmanyothercountries)aseniormemberoftheernmentwhoisinchargeofaernmentdepartmentorabranchofone(英国及其他许多国家的)部长,大臣e.g.theMinisterofEducatione.g.cabinetministers→primeminister:themainministerandleaderoftheernmentinsomecountries首相WHENtheBankofJapan(BoJ)moved²unexpectedlyonOctober31st,theeffectwastogalvanise³theworld’sTheThescaleofthecentralbank’saction—itwillprintmoneytobuy¥80trillion($698billion)ernmentbondsyear,equivalentto16%ofGDP—directedpoliticsawayfromastringofdistracting⁵cabinet有“移动，改变位置”之义，这里为(TAKEACTION采取行动totakeactiontodosth采取行动；做(事)e.g.Themovedquicklytodispeltherumours.迅速采取行动来消除。【SYNacttomakesbtakeactionbyshockingthemorbymakingthemexcitede.g.Theurgencyofhisvoice galvanizedthemintoaction.有“呼吸，呼气”之义，这里ˌbreathe(new)'lifeintosthtoimprovesthbyintroducingnewideasandmakingpeoplemoreinterestedinit(给某事物)带来起色,注入~sb/sth(fromsth) totakesb'sattentionawayfromwhattheyaretryingtodo转移(注意力)；分散(思想)；使分【SYNe.g.You'redistractingmefrommywork.→distractingadj.distractingthoughtsParagraphStructureoftheRelationsoftheeffectofthecentralbank’sThescaleofthecentralbank’sactiondirectedpoliticsawayfromastringofdistractingcabinetMainIdeasofP1:Theeffectofthecentralbank’sactionwastobreathenewlifeintoShinzoprogrammetopullthecountryoutofMrMr nsfortheeconomyhadbeenflagging⁶.Ariseintheconsumption(value-added)taxinAprilcentralbankwasregainingsway⁹andcouldblockHaruhikoKuroda, ernor,fromfulfillinghispromisetopromptedanalarmingdropinspendingbyconsumers.Thefirstshoots⁷ofinflationstartedtoretreat.Havingclimbedto1.5%inApril,coreinflationfellto1%inSeptember—faroff⁸the2%targetthatthecentralbankhadsaiditwouldcentralbankwasregainingsway⁹andcouldblockHaruhikoKuroda, ernor,fromfulfillinghispromiseto“whateverittakes”toridJapanof etired,weakerorlessenthusiastic疲乏；变弱；热情衰减e.g.Herconfidencehadneverflagged.信心从未减弱。e.g.flaggingsupportenthusiasm日益减少的支持；渐渐低落的热情v.有“发射，射击”之义，这里作n.为thepartthatgrowsupfromthegroundwhenantstartstogrow;anewpartthatgrowsonntsortrees幼苗；嫩芽；新枝e.g.newgreenshootsfarIfyoudescribesomethingasfaroff,youmeanthatitisalongdistancefromyouorfromaparticularce.(距离e.g.starsinfar-offgalaxies.→Faroffisalsoanadverb:Thebandwasyingfaroffintheirblueandyellowuniforms.乐队身穿相间的队powerorinfluenceoversb；；支配；控制；影e.g.Rebelsholdswayovermuchoftheisland.该岛很大一部份控制在叛军手里e.g.Hewasquicktoexploitthosewhofellunderhissway.ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofMrAbe’snsfortheeconomyhadexnationsofMainIdeasofP2:MrAbe’snsfortheeconomyhadbeenAsitwas,MrKurodaonlynarrowly¹⁰wonconsent¹¹forthebank’smove.OnOctober31stfouroftheboard’s¹²membersmembersvotedagainst tativeeasing.Thatlackofconsensus¹³causedalmostasmuchofaastheeasing①onlybyasmallamounte.g.Shenarrowlyescapedinjury.e.g.Theteamlostnarrowly.②inawaythatislimited狭隘地；严格地e.g.anarrowlydefinedtaske.g.anarrowlyspecializededucation③closely;carefully地；仔细地e.g.Shelookedathimnarrowly.permissiontodosthespeciallygivenbysbinauthority同意；准许；允许e.g.Childrenunder16cannotgiveconsenttomedicaltreatment.*16①这里为agroupofpeoplewhohavepowertomakedecisionsandcontrolaorotherorganization(公司e.g.Theboardisareunhappyaboutfallingsales.e.g.membersoftheboard经常用到的还有以下意思:②(especiallyincompounds尤用于构成复合词) apieceofwood,orotherstrongmaterial,thatisusedforaspecialpurpose…用木板(或板材)e.g.ablackboarde.g.(BrE)anotic布告②(ORGANIZATION机构usedinthenameofsomeorganizationse.g.theWelshTouristBoardresponsibleforgivingtouristinformation)③(MEALS膳食)themealsthatareprovidedwhenyoustayinaho,guesthouse,etc.;whatyoupayforthee.g.Hepays£90aweekboardandlodging.90③(EXAMS考试)examsthatyoutakewhenyouapplytogotocollegeintheUS(大学的)入学考~(amongsb)|~(aboutsth)|~(that...) anopinionthatallmembersofagroupagreewith一致的意见；共识e.g.Thereisageneralconsensusamongteachersabouttheneedforgreatersecurityinschools.教师们对必须e.g.Thereisagrowingconsensusofopiniononthisissue.对这个问题的看法日趋一致。,excitementangerorshockthatisfeltbyanumberofpeople(一些人感到的)激动,【SYNe.g.Herresignationcausedquiteastir.辞职引起很大ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofAsitwas,MrKurodaonlynarrowlywonforthebank’sexnationsofMainIdeasofP3:ThatlackofconsensuscausedalmostasmuchofastirastheeasingYetYettheBoJ’smovestrengthensanotherconsensusamongmakers,whichisthatMrAbewillbeobligedtopressaheadwith¹⁵asecondriseintheconsumptiontax,nextOctober,from8%to10%.MrAbetotodecidebytheendofthisyearifheisnotgoingto,inordertointroducelegislationtostopthehike¹⁶.Afterdreadful¹⁷seconddreadful¹⁷secondquarter,whenGDPshrankbyanannualised¹⁸7.1%,manyofMrAbe’seconomicadvisersconvincedthattheinitialrisewasamistake.Abattleisonbetweenthefinanceministry,whichispushingforincreasetodealwithJapan’sballooning¹⁹publicdebt,andtheprimeminister’soffice,whichleanspressahead/on(withtocontinuengsthinadeterminedway;tohurryforward坚决继续进行；匆忙前进；加e.g.Theispressingaheadwithitsnsforanewwarehouse.这家公司正加紧推动设置新仓库的计划alargeorsuddenincreaseinprices,costs,etc.(价格、花费等的)大幅度提高,e.g.ataxpricehike税额/经常出现，复下，verybadorunpleasant糟糕透顶的；讨厌的；令人不快e.g.Whatdreadfulweather!calculatedforaperiodofayearbutbasedontheamountsforashorterperiode.g.InJune,inflationstoodatanannualizedrateof3.3percent.tosuddenlyswelloutorgetbigger(突然)膨胀,涨大e.g.Herskirtballoonedoutinthewind.裙子让风吹得鼓起来了leanIfyouleantowardsorleantowardaparticularidea,belief,ortypeofbehaviour,youhaveatendencytothinkoractinaparticularway.倾向于；偏向于e.g.PoliticallyIleantowardstheright...e.g.Mostscientistswouldprobablyleantowardthisviewpoint.ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofTheBoJ’smovestrengthensanotheramongJapan’sexnationsofMainIdeasofP4:TheBoJ’smovestrengthensanotherconsensusamongJapan’sInreality,arguesGeraldCurtisofColumbiaUniversity,theradicalactiontakenbyMrKuroda,astaunch²¹advocateofahikeintheconsumptiontaxinordertomaintainthecountry’sfiscalcredibility,mayhaveremovedmostoftheprimeminister’spoliticalleeway²²forpostponing²³one.MrAbeislikelytomakehisdecisionafterfinalGDPfiguresforthethirdquarterarereleasedinearlyDecember;acloselywatched²⁴preliminaryestimatecomesoutonNovember17th.strongandloyalinyouropinionsandattitude【SYNe.g.astaunchsupporterofthemonarchytheamountofdomthatyouhavetochangesthortodosthinthewayyouwantto自由活动的空【SYNe.g.Howmuchleewayshouldparentsgivetheirchildren?~sth(to/untilsth)toarrangeforanevent,etc.totakeceatalatertimeordate延迟；延期；展【SYNpute.g.We'llhavetopostponethemeetinguntilnextweek.不得不把会议推下周举行closetheactofwatchingsbsthcarefullyincaseofpossibledangerorproblemse.g.Theernmentiskeeaclosewatchonhowthesituationdevelops.正在密切注视着形势的发展ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofTheBoJ’smovemayhaveremovedmostofprimeminister’spoliticalleewayforexnationsofMainIdeasofP5:TheBoJ’smovemayhaveremovedmostoftheprimeminister’spoliticalleewaypostponingTheproblemwithanincreaseintheconsumptiontaxisthatithitsthevery²⁵peoplewhoneedtospendmore.similarsimilarfashiontoAmericaortativeeasinghasbenefitedbigbusinessesandwealthyowningsharesorpropertyinTokyoandafewotherbigcities.ButordinaryJapanese,notablyintheregionsareareemptyingofpeople,feelleftbehind.SupportforAbenomicsis asmorepeoplefeelthereislittleinitoilhasweakened.ItisonereasonMrKurodafeltabletoactbyfurther.Theyen y.Thenewsthat ernmentpensionfundwilldoubleitsholdings²⁷oilhasweakened.ItisonereasonMrKurodafeltabletoactbyfurther.Theyen y.Thenewsthat ernmentpensionfundwilldoubleitsholdings²⁷ofequities²⁸,includingones,hasalsohelpeddrivedowntheyenevenasithasboostedadj.usedtoemphasizethatyouaretalkingaboutaparticularthingorandnotaboutanother(特指人或事物)正是的,恰好的,同一的【SYNe.g.Thosewereherverywords.这些都是原话e.g.That'stheverythingIneed.contendtohavetodealwithaproblemordifficultsituation(不得不)处理问题,e.g.Nursesoftenhavetocontendwithviolentordrunkenpatients.护士经常不得不对付的或喝醉酒的→contend①tosaythatsthistrueespeciallyinanargument(尤指在争论中)声称,主张,【SYNe.g.Iwouldcontendthattheminister'sthinkingisflawedonthispoint.我倒认为部长的想法在这一点上有②~for tocompeteagainstsbinordertogainsthe.g.Threearmedgroupswerecontendingforpower.三个在争力anumberofsharesthatsbhasinacompane.g.Shehasa40%holdinginthe.她持有公司40%的(finance财) thevalueofa'sshares;thevalueofapropertyafterallchargesanddebtshavebeenParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofTheproblemwithanincreaseintheconsumptiontaxisthatithitstheverypeoplewhoneedtospendP5，提出消费税提高造成的问exnationsofMainIdeasofP6:TheproblemwithanincreaseintheconsumptiontaxisthatithitstheverywhoneedtospendInalltheexcitementovermonetaryeasing,thepartofMrAbe’sprogrammetodowithstructuralreformhasmostlymostlyunmentioned. ernmenthasattimesdangled²⁹theprospectofimpressivelyboldreforms,suchallowingfirmstofirepermanentworkersinreturnforseverancepay³⁰whilealsomakingtheemploymentofJapan’smillionsofworkersonnon-permanentcontractsmoresecure.tohangorswingly悬垂；悬挂；悬荡；悬e.g.Goldcharmsdangledfromherbracelet.手镯上挂着许多金饰物→danglesthbefore/infrontofsb:tooffersbsthgoodinordertopersuadethemtodosth；吊胃①theactofendingaconnectionorrelationshipe.g.theseveranceofdiplomaticrelations关系的断②theactofendingsb'sworkcontract解雇；辞退:e.g.severancepay/terms解雇金/条件ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThepartofMrAbe’sprogrammetodostructuralreformhasgonemostlyTheernmenthasattimesdangledprospectofimpressivelybold因MainIdeasofP7:ThepartofMrAbe’sprogrammetodowithstructuralreformhasgoneInsomeareas,goodprogressonsuchreformsisbeingmade,inparticularovertheparticipationofwomenwork.work.Some820,000womenhavejoinedthesinceMrAbecametoofficein2012. ernmentobligelargecompaniestopublishfiguresonthenumberofwomenonboards.Two-fifthsofcareercivilservantshiredthisyearwerefemale,asizeable³¹jump.Thehopeisthatthescandalsaroundtheresignationslastmonthoftwowomencabinetministers,followingminor³²financialmisdeeds³³,willnotprovetoosevereasetback³⁴tothentobetterthelotofworkingfairlylarge【SYNe.g.ThetownhasasizeableSikhpopulation.城里有为数众多的锡克教notverylargeimportantorserious较小的；次要的；轻微的e.g.minorinjuries【OPPabadorevilact【SYN】wrongngadifficultyorproblemthatdelaysorpreventssthormakesasituationworsee.g.Thebreakdownintalksrepresentsatemporarysetbackinthepeaceprocess.谈判破裂意味着和平进程暂时ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofInsomeareas,goodprogressonsuchisbeingGoodprogressovertheparticipationofatThehopeisthatthescandalswillnotprovetoosevereasetbacktobetterthelotofworkingMainIdeasofP8:Insomeareas,goodprogressonsuchreformsisbeingmade,inparticularoverparticipationofwomenatElsewhere,Elsewhere,inaseriesofspecialeconomiczones,experimentsare ceupstrictregulations ernment’sattemptsfallingshort³⁵.MrTakenakawasonceenthusiasticabouttheprospectsforstrongerfalltofailtoreachthestandardthatyouexpectedorneede.g.Thehofellfarshortoftheirexpectations.旅馆远没有他们预期的那么好ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofExperimentsaretakingcetoupregulationsoverfarmingandotherTheernment’sattemptsarefallingMainIdeasofP9:ExperimentsaretakingcetoupstrictregulationsoverfarmingandAsbaronsintherulingLiberalDemocraticPartylastmonthsoughtthemeanstosilencetheoppositiononthesubjectofpolitical-fundingscandals,speculationgrewthatMrAbemightcallasnapelectionbytheendofthis fitinganoppositioningeneraldisarray.Similarrumoursswirledfollowingthecentralbank’saction.YetwithamajorityinbothhousesoftheDietguaranteeduntil2016,MrAbealreadyhasthemuscletomakerealreforms.Hejustneedstouseit.awhoownsorcontrolsalargepartofaparticularindustry工商业钜e.g.apressbaron报业大王e.g.drugbarons毒枭madeordonequicklyandwithoutcarefulthoughtorpreparatione.g.Itwasasnapdecision.那是个仓促的决定。e.g.Theyheldasnapelection.他们临时举行了。tomakesbfeelconfusedorembarrassed fiturenoun:Hewasclearlytakingdelightin fiture.他显然以窘迫为乐astateofconfusionandlackoforganizationinasituationorace；紊e.g.Thepeacetalksbrokeupindisarray.和谈在中破裂了tomovearoundquicklyinacircletomakesthdothis(使)打旋,旋动,起漩涡e.g.swirlingmists缭绕的薄雾thepowerandinfluencetomakeothersdowhatyouwante.g.toexercisepoliticalindustrialfinancialmuscle运用在政治/产业/ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofRumoursswirledfollowingthepolitical-scandalsandthecentralbank’s承接P9，人们的猜MrAbealreadyhasthemuscletomakerealreforms,hejustneedstouseit.MainIdeasofP10:MrAbealreadyhasthemuscletomakerealreforms,hejustneedstouseTheriseofJapanJapaneseequitiesarebooming.DespiteaslightdownturnoverlateMayandearlyJune,duetoconcernaboutapotentialUSratehike,thebenarkNikkei225indexhaspostedsustained,substantialgainssincetheendofIndeed,althoughmacroeconomicdevelopmentsremainsubdued,thereremainverygoodreasonstobepositiveonthecountry’sequitymarkets–especiallythecorporatesector’sincreasingfocusonprofitabilityandshareholderWithindaysoftakingofficein2012,PrimeMinisterShinzoAbelaidouthisstrategyforresuscitatingtheeconomythroughthreekeyactions:fiscalspending,monetaryeasinga