2016年职称英语考试(理工B级)真题及答案

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！2016年职称英语考试（理工B级）真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有11个意义最为接近的选项。1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.A.imaginationB.disclosureC.confirmationD.recall答案为B.revelation(揭露)–disclosure(揭露)2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.A.carelessB.cruelC.strongD.hard答案为B.残忍的)–cruel3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.A.jumpB.escapeC.runD.prepare答案为C.sprint(快速奔跑)–奔跑)4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.A.changeableB.stableC.suitableD.adaptable答案为A.fluid(不稳定的)–changeable易变的)5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.A.haircutB.purseC.clothesD.necklace答案为C.garment(衣服)–clothes(衣服)6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.A.fearB.joyC.hurtD.memory答案为C.trauma(精神上的创伤)–hurt感情上的伤心或痛苦)7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.A.decorateB.waterC.changeD.visit答案为B.irrigate(灌溉)–给…浇水)8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.A.disabledB.pupilC.teenagerD.baby答案为D.toddler(学步的儿童)–baby婴儿)9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.A.warmB.severeC.hardD.dry答案为A.mild(温暖的)–温暖的)10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.A.realB.outstandingC.creativeD.false答案为A.authentic(逼真的)–real逼真的)11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.A.globalB.possibleC.ongoingD.central答案为B.potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.A.positiveB.cleverC.keyD.original答案为B.brilliant(绝妙的)–clever聪明的)13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.A.regulatedB.increasedC.maintainedD.fell答案为C.tumbled(暴跌)–fell(下降)14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.A.coachingB.ideaC.termD.aspect答案为A.instructions(指导说明—coaching（教导）15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.A.indangerB.outofcontrolC.betweenequalsD.inparticular答案为Aindangerof（处于危险中）—atriskof（处于风险中）第2部分：阅读判断（第16——22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7供的是正确信息，请选择；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。TheTheoryofEverythingIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanNsdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasacollegestudent,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration(分解)ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottasteofsmellanything.AndyetthismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.HawkingIsoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience.Heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:Isthereacompletetheoryoftheuniverseandeverythinginit?Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes”inspace.Nowheislookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.IfStephenHawkingitabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.16.StephenHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为B;17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为B;18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为；19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为B;20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesn'thavetowork.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为B;21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthesecretsof……….A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为：C.22.TheTheoryofEverythingIsabouttherulesthateverythinginour………follow.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案为。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子Geothermal(地热)Energy1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway.ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(岩浆).Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswenbelowtheearthssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable(不可渗透的）rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.2Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-steamreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.3Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary(双重的)plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300℃to700℃Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,itHashes"orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.4Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300℃Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashseambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinabinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthis(参照图片)isusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.23.Paragraph1_____C____24.Paragraph2____A_____25.Paragraph3____E_____26.Paragraph4____B_____A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam27.Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder__B____.28.Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith___D___.29.Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough___C___.30.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto__A____.A.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有351个最佳选项。第一篇SmartWindowsWindowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownonelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithanadvancedtechnology.Reseachersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanythinginbetweeneasily.“Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,”saysClaesGranqvist.He’saprofessorofsicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.“Itcontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.”So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuckindoorsYet.windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inwintercoldairleaksin.Whenit’shotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirconditioners.Producingblastsofcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing(使人清新的，actuallysucksupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing(用玻覆盖，andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenic发色的）technologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.Electrochromic(电致色的）windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemicalcompoundsuchastungstenoxide(氧化钨)worksabitlikeabatter.Tungstenoxidesisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage(电压)isdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilit’scompletelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortof“memory”.Allittakesisasmallchangeofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitstakeanywherefromin10secondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerbeneeded.“Inthefuture,”Granqvistsays,“ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.”31.WhichofthefollowingofvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentioned?A.Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.B.Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.C.Theyletushavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.D.Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.答案：D32.Theexpression“whenitcomesto“inParagraph3isusedtoA.signalthearrivalofaguest.B.indicatetherecoveryofconsciousness.C.showourunderstandingofsomething.D.introduceanewaspectofatopic.答案：D33.AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthatA.arecoated.B.areglazed.C.haveseverallayers.D.canchangecolor.答案：D34.Whichparagraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindows……A.Paragraphs5.B.Paragraph3.C.Paragraph4.D.Paragraphs6.答案：A35.AsmartwindowissmartmainlybecauseA.itcanchangeitssize.B.itcanchangeitsstructure.C.itcanchangethevoltageofelectricity.D.ithasasortofmemory.答案：D第二篇SportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,healmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGame.Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名气).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoMingaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(接杰出的才能)butalsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdrafthewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.Hisassetsonthecourtareclearenough一noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(难对付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture(inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudderspreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina.YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM’sbenefits,althoughnewreseafromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.“ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,“YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.“It’sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon’tthinkthatit’sshortonscience.”36.Theword“towering”inParagraph1meansA.large.B.fat.C.tall.D.great.答案：C37.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhisA.mobility.B.assault.C.defense.D.celebrity.答案：A38.YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecauseA.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.D.hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.答案：B39.WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?A.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.B.HeisanNBAplayer.C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.Heisaninternationalfigure.答案：A40.Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMisA.indifferent.B.positive.C.negative.D.doubtful.答案：D第三篇CanYouHearThis?Whensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls.floor,andceiling.Thesearecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant(反射)sound,whichcanbeheardevenafterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom(includingthepeople)absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime,becauseeachuseofanauditoriumcallsfordifferentreverberation.Speechneedstobeunderstoodclearly;thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthaveashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchadWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedareverberationtimesomewherebetween.Acousticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel(平行的）wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsingeffect.Largepillars(柱）andcomerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.Someoftheseproblemscanbesolvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberationtimeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandotherstopasstoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.41ThispassageismainlyaboutA.Soundwavesandtheireffects.B.thetypesofmusicorchestrasplay.C.wallsofanauditorium.D.thedesignofanauditorium.答案：D42.WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffecthaveA.ashortreverberationtime.B.anintermediatereverberationtime.C.noreverberationtime.D.alongreverberationtime.答案：D43.ThispassagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshouldA.getridofallreflections.B.nothaveabsorbers.C.achieveapleasingmixtureofsoundD.havesmoothsurfaces.答案：C44.LargepillarsandcornersmayA.makesoundrichandfull.B.becuresforsoundproblems.C.besourcesofsoundproblems.D.functionaseffectivelyasclouds.答案：C45.Theword"acoustic"inthelastparagraphhassomethingtodowithA.performanceB.soundC.audienceD.weather答案：B第5部分：补全短文WhatIsaDream?Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others，however，thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelievethatdreamscantellusaboutaperson’smindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.___E_______(46)TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud1，wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofaperson’swishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJung2wasonceastudentofFreud’s.howeverhadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.______F_____(47)Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruzbelievesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoaperson’sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.______C_____(48)Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.Hisstudiesshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.____A_______(49)Thisisnottrueofwomen’sdreams.3Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways._____D______(50)Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.It’simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen.andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldleammoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.第6部分：完形填空WarmerClimateWillBakeTropicalBugsGlobalwarmingcouldcooktropicalinsects,withunpredictableknock-oneffects,sayresearcherswhowarnthatrisingtemperaturesalso______(51)tropicalfrogs,lizards(蜥蜴).Temperaturesare______(52)toincreasemuchfasterintemperate(温和的)andpolar（极地的）regionsthaninthetropics.Butno-onehadlookedathowwarmingwouldaffectinsectsandothercold-bloodedanimals______(53)hadevolvedintropicalregionswithlittletemperaturevariation.CurtisDeutschattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesandcolleaguesanalyseddata______(54)insectsurvivalandreproductionfor38speciesin,andthenestimatedhowthesevalueswould______(55)withpredictionsofclimatechangeforthe21stcentury.Theteamfoundthatthereproductive______(56)oftropicalinsectstendstopeakveryclosetothetemperatureswheretheynormall