知识自测应用

［知识应用自测］Ⅰ.单项填空thebeautyofthenature，thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm. beattracted attracted答案：B本题考查非谓语动词的用法。从后面的by短语分析，此处用过去分词表示被动。mustbepaidto______scienceandtechnology. 答案：B应注意发展科学技术。payattentionto中的to是介词，后面要接名词或动名词。选项C是名词，但名词后面不能接名词作宾语。slippedandhadhisleg，hewillhavetobeawayfromschoolfortwoorthreemonths.anycase all aresult thisway答案：C本题考查介词短语的用法。从句子的意思分析，这里应该使用asaresult，表示摔断腿的结果。doesn’tworkbuthegetsagood______fromhisinvestments. 答案：C本题考查名词的辨析。名词wage，earning和salary一般都用来指工作得来的薪水，而investment“投资”不属于工作的范畴。名词income指所有的收入。afamousChinesesaying______，hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisn’tatrueman. 答案：B此处使用go表示becurrentoraccepted；becommonlythoughtoforbelieved“流通，流传”的意思。thepopulationoftheworldnow? many much答案：B询问人口是多少时，常用疑问词what，因population是集合名词。7.—It’sgettingcolderandcolder，Ihavetobuysomeclothes.—Theyhave______thepricesintheshop，soit’sagoodtimetobuy. 答案：B句意为：商店已经降低了商品的价格，看来现在是买东西的好时候。bodiesarestrengthenedby，ourmindsaredevelopedbylearning. 答案：C句中是将ourminds与ourbodies相类比。similarly意为：相似的，类似的。ofthiscountryspreadforhundredsofmiles. 答案：Bvast指空间、面积的广阔（尤指海洋、平原和沙漠等），也可指（钱）数额的巨大，不指重量和尺寸的大小。反义词是limited。natureofmyworkrequiresmetomakedaily______tothecity. 答案：A句意为：我工作的性质要求我每天都必须进城。tour“参观，观光，周游，巡回旅行”，常指访问一系列地方后又回到原出发地。don’tknowwhetherthecars______tothefar-reachingcountrieshavearrivedsafely. transported transported答案：D分析句法结构可知：在whether引导的宾语从句中，“thecars”是主语，“havearrived”是谓语，因此选项部分应是定语成分，故B项可排除；cars是transport动作的承受者，故A项错误，由题意可知“车正在运送中”，因此用进行时的被动语态。yougot______ideato______thetower?；measure ；measure；tomeasure D./；measure答案：Aidea前加定冠词表示特指“测量塔”的方法，后面是不定式作定语。PostOfficeaimsto______itsqualityofservice. 答案：A空白处应为“make...becomebetter”之意。risevi.指高度升高；increasevi.增加（指数量）。，______，hedecidedtoleaveforthatfarawayplace. 答案：Bhowever可放在句首或插在句中，放在句中时，前后都要用逗号与其他成分分开；but意为“但是，然而”，是并列连词，表示前后两个分句的转折关系。theconcertswillbebroadcast______inaminute. 答案：Alive意为“实况的，非录音的”。alive意为“尚在人世的，活着的”，通常作表语或后置定语。living意为“活着的”，作前置定语或表语，常用来修饰“人”。lively意为“有精神的，活泼的，有生气的”。live也可意为“活着的”，常置于名词前。Ⅱ.选词填空though/however/butlikesbreadandmilkalittle，______shedoesn’tlikeseggsatall.答案：butsaidhewouldcome，______hedidn’t.答案：though/but，theydidnotseemtohavemucheffect.答案：However/Though，______，hedecidednottoleavehere.答案：howevertour/travel/voyage/journeyparentsareona______byshipnow.答案：voyageGrandCanyonisaday’s______bycarfromhere.答案：journeymadea______aroundtheGreekislands.答案：tourthemountainscanbeslowanddangerous.答案：TravelyougotoParisduringyour______?答案：travelscamehomeafteryearsofforeign______.答案：travelⅢ.汉译英26.他毕生过着贫穷的生活。（inpoverty）答案：Hehaslivedinpovertyallhislife.27.她受过大学教育。（collegeeducation）答案：Shehashadacollegeeducation.28.他们平安地过日子。（insafety）答案：Theyarelivinginsafety.29.她的黑眼睛很迷人。（attractive）答案：Herdarkeyesareveryattractive.30.危险！别碰它。（dangerous）答案：Don’ttouchisdangerous.31.她的体重减轻了5公斤。（bereducedby）答案：Shereducedherweightby5kilograms.32.那些货物是用飞机运送的。（betransportedby）答案：Thegoodsweretransportedbyplane.33.裁缝师量我的尺寸好做西装。（measure...for）答案：Thetailormeasuredmeforasuit.34.日本是工业国。（industrial）答案：Japanisanindustrialnation.35.那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地点。（agoodlocationfor）答案：Thehillisagoodlocationforanewchurch.36.我的收入不够养家。（income）答案：Myincomeisn’tenoughtosupportmyfamily.Ⅳ.阅读理解Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld’sgreatsuccessesinreducingpopulationgrowth—butmorebyaccidentthancountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates，Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying，saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.Brazil’spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom%ayearbetween1951and1960to%ayearbetween1981and1990，andBrazilianwomennowhaveonlychildrenonsaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990，anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherthirdworldcountries.Martineputsitdownto，amongotherthings，soapoperas（通俗电视剧）andinstallment（分期付款）plansintroducedintheplayedanimportant，althoughindirect，roleinloweringthebirthisoneoftheworld’sbiggestproducersofsoap，Brazil’smostpopulartelevisionnetwork，showsthreehoursofsoapssixnightsaweek，whilethreeothersshowatleastonehourasoapsarebasedonwealthycharacterslivingthehighlifeinbigcities.“Althoughtheyhaveneverreallytriedtoworkinamessagetowardstheproblemsofreproduction（生育），theydescribemiddleandandupperclassvalues—notmanychildren，differentattitudestowardssex，womenworking，”saysMartine.“TheysentthismessagetoallpartsofBrazilandmadepeoplerealizeotherpatternsoffamilylifeandothervalues，whichwereputintoaveryattractivepackage.”Meanwhile，theinstallmentplanstriedtoencouragethepoortobecomeconsumers.“Thisledtochangeinconsumption（消费）patternsandconsumptiondidnotgetalongwellwithunlimitedreproduction，”saysMartine.phrase“putsitdownto”（Line1，Para3）isclosestinmeaningto______.thecauseofittobeitareasonforitonasitto答案：A推理题。putsth.downto；归结……的原因是……。由二、三自然段的关系可以推出A。operashavehelpedinloweringBrazil’sbirthratebecause______.keeppeoplesittinglonghourswatchingTVhavegraduallychangedpeople’swayoflifearedrawntotheir