2021高考英语一轮选练习题Unit4Bodylanguage（含解析）新人教版必修4

必修4Unit4Bodylanguage李仕才一、阅读理解AFacingincreasingpressuretoraisestudents'scoresonstandardizedtests,schoolsareurgingkidstoworkharderbyofferingthemobviousencouragements.HappyMealsareatthelowendofthescale.Withthehelpofbusinesses,schoolsarealsogivingawaycars,iPods,seatstobasketballgames,and—inagrowingnumberofcases—cold,hardcash.Theappealofsuchprogramsisobvious,buttheconsequencesoftyinggradestogoodsarestilluncertain.It'sbeenacommontraditioninmiddle-classfamiliestorewardtopgradeswithcashasawaytoteachthatsuccessinschoolleadstosuccessinlife.Butformanydisadvantagedminoritychildren,thelong-termbenefitsofgettinganeducationarenotsoclear,accordingtoexperts.Nooneknowsforsurehowwellcashandotherbig-ticketrewardsworkineducationinthelongrun.Butthereareplentyofconcernsthatthiskindofpracticecouldhavenegativeeffectsonkids.VirginiaShiller,aclinicalpsychologist,saysthatit'sworthexperimentingwithcashencouragementsbutthattyingthemtosuccessonatestisnotaworthwhilegoal.“I'dratherseerewardsbasedoneffortandresponsibility—thingsthatwillleadtosuccessinlife，”shesays.Evenifrewardsdon'tleadtoindividualachievementonatest,theycouldhaveameaningfuleffectintheschool.CharlesMcVean,abusinessmanandphilanthropist（慈善家）,startedatutoringprogramwhichpayshigher-achievingstudents$10anhourtotutorstrugglingclassmatesanddividesthemintoteams.Duringthecourseoftheyear,studentsbondandcompete.Theteampostingthehighestmathscoreswinsthetopcashprizeof$100.McVeancallsthecombinationofpeer（同龄人）tutoring,competition，andcashencouragementsarecipefor“nothinglessthanmagic”．Foritspart,theSeminoleCountyPublicSchoolssysteminFloridaplanstocontinueitsreportcardencouragementprogramthroughtherestoftheschoolyear.ThelocalMcDonald'srestaurantshelpthepoordistrictbypayingthe$1,600costofprintingthereportcard.ReginaKlaers,thedistrictspokeswoman,saysmostparentsdon'tseembotheredbytheHappyMealsrewards.“Therearemanywayswetrytourgestudentstodowell,andsometimesit'sthroughthestomach,andsometimesit'stheprobabilityofstudentswinningacar，”shesays.“Onesizedoesn'tfitall.”【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了物质奖励对学生的成绩是不是有增进作用。【长难句分析】It'sbeenacommontraditioninmiddle-classfamiliestorewardtopgradeswithcashasawaytoteachthatsuccessinschoolleadstosuccessinlife.（第一段倒数第二句）分析：这是一个复合句。本句中It作形式主语，torewardtopgradeswithcash...inlife作真正的主语；that引导的宾语从句作teach的宾语。译文：给取得最高分的人现金奖励，作为教诲他们在学校里的成功可以通向生活中的成功的一种方式，这已经成为中产家庭中的老例。1.Accordingtothetext,itisacommonpracticeforschoolsto .A．offerfreemealstostudentswithhighscoresB．tiestudents'gradestomaterialrewardsC．educatestudentstoformabusinesssenseD．cooperatewithbusinesstoimproveteaching答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。【关键句】Withthehelpofbusinesses,schoolsarealsogivingawaycars,iPods,seatstobasketballgames,and—inagrowingnumberofcases—cold，hardcash.（M一段第三句）译文：在企业的帮忙下，学校也在发放汽车、iPod和篮球赛的门票，发放现金的情况也在增加。按照关键句及下一句中的“tyinggradestogoods”可推断出，将学生的成绩与物质奖励联系起来已成了学校的一个老例。故选B。2.Accordingtothetext,thelong-termresultsofgivingstudentscashasrewardsineducationare .A．negativeB．optimisticC．uncertainD．disappointing答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。【关键句】Nooneknowsforsurehowwellcashandotherbig-ticketrewardsworkineducationinthelongrun.（第二段第一句）译文：没有人能肯定从久远来看现金和其他昂贵奖品会对教育产生如何的作用。按照关键句可知，给学生现金作为奖励在教育中产生的久远结果还不肯定。A项意为“消极的”；B项意为“乐观的”；C项意为“不肯定的”；D项意为“令人失望的”。故选C。3．ThetutoringprogramrunbyCharlesMcVean .A．hiressomeexcellentteacherstoteachthestrugglingstudentsB．hasameaningfuleffectininspiringstudents'enthusiasmonstudyC．isaprogramcombiningtutoring,competitionandfuturejoboffersD．rewardsthestudentwiththehighestscoreswithcashprizeof$100答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。【关键句】Evenifrewardsdon'tleadtoindividualachievementonatest,theycouldhaveameaningfuleffectintheschool.（第三段第一句）译文：即便奖励对个人考试成绩没有作用，但它们会对学校产生一种重要的影响。按照关键句及其后面列举的CharlesMcVean的辅导项目可推知，本段用CharlesMcVean的辅导项目来讲明奖励对激发学生的学习热情有重要影响。故选B。4．WecanlearnthatinSeminoleCounty .A．therearevariouswaystoinspirestudentstostudyhardB．manyparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeHappyMealsrewardsC．thelocalMcDonald'srestaurantsprovidetherewardsforpoorstudentsD．peoplearesearchingforagood-for-allmethodtourgestudentstodowell答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。【关键句】Therearemanywayswetrytourgestudentstodowell,andsometimesit'sthroughthestomach,andsometimesit'stheprobabilityofstudentswinningacar...（最后一段倒数第二句）译文：咱们尝试了许多方式来敦促学生尽力学习，有时通过填饱他们的肚子，有时学生可能会博得一辆汽车……按照关键句可知，SeminoleCounty有各类各样鼓励学生尽力学习的方式。故选A。BIllegallytradedendangeredspeciesthatescape,formingsecondarypopulations,offerhopetotheirlong-termsurvival,astudysuggests."ThisfirstcametomyattentionwhenIreadanewsstoryabouttheseizureofanillegalshipmentof23yellowcrestedcockatoos（小葵花凤头鹦鹉），"saidLukeGibson,acollegeteacher.Helearnedthatthespecieswascriticallyendangered,whichsurprisedhim.ThisencouragedDr.Gibsonandhiscolleaguetoinvestigate（调查）howacriticallyendangeredspecieshadbecomeself-sustainingoutsideofitsnaturalrange.Theydiscovered49casesofagloballythreatenedspeciesbecomingestablishedasaseparatepopulation,whichtheyhadn’tthoughtof,includingtheyellow-crestedcockatoointheircity."Thisisaspecieswhichisprimarilythreatenedbywildlifetrade,"hetoldBBCNews."Poachers（偷猎者）gooutintotheforestinitsnativerangeineasternIndonesiaandcapturethebirdandthenshipthemoff,usuallyuptoourcitywherethereisastrongdemandforpetbirds.Thisiswhathasfueledthedeclineofthisspeciesinitsnativerange.Butit'sreallyinterestingbecausethatsamecausealsohadanothereffect:someofthepeoplewhowerekeepingthisspecieshereaccidentallyorintentionallyreleasedthem.”Asaresultofenoughofthebirdssetfree,itallowedanewself-sustainingpopulationtobeestablishedinthiscity.ThegovernmentinofDr.Gibson’scityhasmadeitillegaltocapturethespecies,eventhoughitisanon-nativespecies.Becausethecityisaffluentandrelativelywelleducated,thecasesofpeoplebreakingthelawareextremelyrare,explainedDrGibson,unlikeinitsnativerangeinIndonesia,wherecapturingbirdsformsamajorsourceofincome.However,therecanbedownsides（缺点）tothenewlyestablishedpopulationofendangeredspecies,suchasalimitedgeneticpool,andsufferingfromnoveldiseases.Itdidalsopresentapossible“veryinteresting”opportunityforconservationists,Dr.Gibsonsuggested.Thiswouldinvolve"harvesting"someofthenewlyestablishedsecondarypopulation,whichmayprovideawaytohelpslowglobalbiodiversityloss..WhatwasbeyondGibson’sexpectationsaccordingtothefirstparagraph?Thehighrateofwildlifetrade.Thepreciousnessofthebirds.Thefactthatthebirdsnearlydisappear.Thenewsthatthebirdswerepoached..Whathappenedunexpectedlywhenthebirdswereshippedabroad?Theyformedaseparatepopulation.Theywerekeptaspetbirds.Theyweretradedillegally.Theywerekilledforresearch..Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“affluent”?A.Peace-loving. B.Rich.C.Free. D.Environment-friendly..Forwhatpurposedidtheauthorwritethepassage?Toappealtoeveryonetostopthewildlifetrade.Toexplainthechallengethewildbirdsarefacing.Tointroduceacreativeapproachtowildlifeconservation.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingendangeredspecies.【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是一项研究表明逃跑的非法交易的濒危物种形成了次级群体，为它们的长期生存提供了希望，也呈现了野生生物保护的一种可能的方式。.C【解析】细节理解题。按照第一段最后一句话Helearnedthatthespecieswascriticallyendangered,whichsurprisedhim.可知他没有料到的是这些鸟是超级濒危的物种，与C项一致，故选C。.A【解析】推理判断题。按照第三段最后两句话可知有些养这种鸟的人偶然地或故意地放了它们，由此在这个城市里形成了单独的自我维持数量的鸟，故选A。Et解析】词义猜测题口根弓帮四段第二句话中的“…un；ikein淞nativerangeinIndonesia,wherecapturing出r<hfarms.amajcr如山主ofin®m产可知这个城市富有并且相对受教育程度良好，人们违法的情况根少」由此可知该词指的是“富有的1故选加.C【解析】观点态度题。按照最后一段最后两句话Itdidalsopresentapossible“veryinteresting”opportunityforconservationists,Dr.Gibsonsuggested.Thiswouldinvolve""harvesting"someofthenewlyestablishedsecondarypopulation,whichmayprovideawaytohelpslowglobalbiodiversity10ss.可知本文作者是为了介绍野生生物保护的一种创新的方式，故选C。二、七选五（2021•湖北省部份重点中学高三起点考试）HowtoavoidaboringconversationWhatexcusesshouldyouusetoavoidtalkingtopeopleyoudon'twanttotalkto?Herearetipsandinoffensivewaystogetoutofunwantedconversations.Goforarefill（续杯）.Itisnaturalforanyoneatapartytobeexcusedtogetarefill.1Andonceyouexcuseyourself,makeamovefastbeforethepersonrequestsyoutogetarefillforhimaswell.Pretendbadmood.Cutofftheconversationbeforeitstartsbysayingsomethingalongthelinesof"I'mnotinagoodmood.CanItalktoyoulaterifyoudon'tmind?”_2__Sayitfirmlysothatpeoplegetthemessageloudandclear.Askyourfriendtosaveyou.3Simplytextyourfriendandaskhimorhertocomeforapparentlysomethingimportant.Youwillbeabletoskipaboringchatwithaseeminglyreasonableexcuse.4Youareadvisedtolookawayfromthatpersonanddon'tmakeeyecontact,sothatyoucangivepowerfulhints（暗示）thatyoufindtheconversationextremelyboring.5Besuretotuneintotheconversationeverynowandthensoyoudon'tcomeacrossasrude.Behaveinanobviouslycarelessway.Justbesurethatthepersonyouaretalkingtodoesnotoffertoaccompany

youtodoso.C．Don'tacttoopoliteinanattempttodrawsympathy.D．Usebodylanguagetoindicateboredom.E．Yourfriendisboundtoperformbrilliantlyincopingwiththedullone.F．Lookelsewhereandpretendthatsomethingelsehascaughtyourattention.G．Stuckinanunwantedconversation,howdoyougetoutofit?【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何避免无聊的谈话。.答案与解析：B'选项B中的so就是指空前的“getarefill”这一行为；同时空后的“makeamovefast...aswell”与选项B的内容相呼应。.答案与解析：C'空后的代词it指代空处前一句中的"I'mnotinagoodmood.CanItalktoyoulaterifyoudon'tmind?”，所以空处及后一句与这一问题有关；同时后一句中的“Sayitfirmly”与选项C”不要为了取得同情而表现得太礼貌。”在内容和语气方面是一致的。.答案与解析：G'按照该段的主题句和空后两句可知，空后的两句话是对选项G这一疑问句的回答，选项G能够引出下文，符合语境。.答案与解析：D'按照上文中的主题句都利用祈使句这一特点可知，该段也应用祈使句作主题句；同时按照该段中的第一句可知，把目光从这个人身上移开，不要有眼神交流，这样可以给对方强烈的暗示，使其发现这段谈话极为无聊，这与选项D“利用肢体语言暗示厌烦。”相吻合。.答案与解析：F'空处起承先启后的作用，且按照该段主题句可知，利用肢体语言暗示厌烦，所以选项F“看向别处并假装你的注意力被其他东西吸引。”与之吻合。三、短文改错MyfatheristhemanIrespectmost.Strictashemaybe，howeverheneverfailstoshowhercareandconsideration.OnceIbrokeaneighborwindow.Seeingnobodyaround，Iranawayimmediately.WhenDadcamehome，henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathashappened.Icouldonlytellhimatruth.Insteadofscold，hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizeourneighbor.IlearnedfromthisincidentthatnotonlydoesDadtakecareofmyhealthandhealsoteachesmewhattobeagoodcitizen.HowluckilyIamtohavesuchagoodfather!【答案】MyfatheristhemanIrespectmost.Strictashemaybe,howeverheneverfailstoshowher

hiscareandconsideration.OnceIbrokeatoshowher

hiscareandconsideration.OnceIbrokeaneighborneighbor'swindow-Seeingnobodyaround，Iranawayimmediately.WhenDadcamehome，henoticedmyuneasinessandasked

around，Iranawayimmediately.WhenDadcamehome，henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathashadhappened.Icouldonlytellhima

thetruth.Insteadofscoldscolding，hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizetoourneighbor.IlearnedfromthisincidentthatnotonlydoesDadtakecareofmyhealthandbuthealsoteachesmemewhathashadhappened.Icouldonlytellhima

thetruth.Insteadofscoldscolding，hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizetoourneighbor.IlearnedfromthisincidentthatnotonlydoesDadtakecareofmyhealthandbuthealsoteachesmewhat

howtobeagoodcitizen.Howluckily

luckyIamtohavesuchagoodfather!第一处：删除however。考查连词。在as引导的妥协状语从句中，表语放句首时，从句倒装，分析句子结构可知，however多余。第二处：her-his。考查代词。与上文人称代词he维持一致，可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his。第三处：neighbor-neighbor's。考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。第四处：has-had。考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。第五处：a-the。考查冠词。tellthetruth为固定词组搭配，符合语境，故用定冠词the。第六处：scold-scolding。考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词scolding作介词of的宾语。第七处：our前加to。考查介词。apologizetosb.意为“向某人道歉”，为固定词组搭配，故用介词to。第八处：and-but。考查连词，notonly...butalso...意为“不但 而且……”，为固定结构，故用连词but。第九处：what-how。考查疑问词。与teaches呼应可知，此处表示方式，故用how。第十处：luckily-lucky。考查形容词。与Iam呼应可知，此处应用形容词lucky作表语。四、短文语法填空Apoorfarmerhadafriendwhowasfamous1thewonderappleshegrew.Oneday,hismendgavethefarmerayoungappletreeandtoldhimtotakeithomeandplantit.Thefarmerwas2(please)withthegift,butwhenhegothomehedidnothowwhere3_(plant)it.Hewasafraidthatifheplantedthetreenearmeroad,strangersw