2022-2023年内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)

2022-2023年内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

______isquitedifferentfromtheArcticmarinefauna.

2.

Ifyouwanttogetofftotherightstart,youshouldtreatthereceptionistsasyourpotentialbosses.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Oneofthesecretsoftheforeigner'ssuccesscanbedescribedas"DoinRomeasRomansdo".

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Thekindof______Wilcoxpossessedcanonlybenurturedbyyearsoflivingalifeinnature.

5.

Patriciathoughtmore______shouldbeexertedonthosewhogettheirmarriagebrokendown.

6.

Throughreadingthisarticle,wecanconcludethattheauthorisa(n)______person.

7.

Thenexttargettopromotethebenefitsoftaughenedglassshouldbe______.

8.WhatdidTimYoungsuggestdotoemployeesembarrassingco-workersbygivingtoomuchpersonalinformation?

A.Sackingthemonthespotfordoingso.

B.Forbiddingsensitivetopicsintheoffice.

C.Tryingtoredirecttheirattentiontowork.

D.Limitingtheirtimespentwithco-workers.

9.

Manufacturesanalyzethebusinessofsellingandbuyingallthetime,thisiscalled______.

10.

Apersonalsomightberequiredtoquitsmokingtoimprovetheoutcomeoftheoperation.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheetI.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

RichMan,PoorMan

GluersandsawyersfromthefurniturefactoriesinGalaxnearthemountainsofVirginialosttheirjobslastyearwhenAmericanretailersdecidedtheycouldfindabettersupplierinChina.AttheotherendofthefurnitureindustryRobertNardellilosthisjobthismonthwhenHomeDepotdecideditcouldfindabetterchiefexecutiveinhisdeputy.Butanylikenessendsthere.Mr.Nardelli'sexitwasasextravagantlyrewardedashisoccupationofthecornerofficehadbeen.Nexttohis$210millionseverancepay,theredundantwoodworkerspackagesweremeantothepointofprovocation(激怒).

That'sthewayitgoesallovertherichworld.Ifyoulookback20years,thetotalpayofthetypicaltopAmericanmanagerhasincreasedfromroughly40timestheaverage--thelevelforfourdecades--to110timestheaveragenow.Thesearetheglorydaysofglobalcapitalism.Themixoftechnologyandeconomicintegrationtransformingtheworldhascreatedunparalleledprosperity.Inthepastfiveyearstheworldhasseenfastergrowththanatanytimesincetheearly1970s.Havingjoinedthegloballaborforce,hundredsofmillionsofpeopleindevelopingcountrieshavewonthechancetoescapesqualor(肮脏)andpoverty.Hundredsofmillionsmorestandtojointhem.

Thatpromisestoimprovethelotofhumanityasawholeincalculably.Butintherichworldlabor'sshareofGDPhasfallentohistoriclows,whileprofitsaresoaring.AclamorisabroadthatMr.Nardelliandhisfriendsamongthetophundredth--oreventhetopthousandth--ofthepopulationareseizingthelion'sshareofglobalization'sgains.Meanwhileeveryoneelse--notjustblue-collarfactoryworkersbutalsothewideroffice--workingmiddleclass--shufflesalong,grimlywaitingforthenextroundofcost-cuts.

Fearandclothing

Signsofabacklashabound.StephenRoach,thechiefeconomistatMorganStanley,hascounted27piecesofanti-ChinalegislationinCongresssinceearly2005.TheGermanMarshallFundfoundlastyearthat,althoughmostpeoplestillsaytheyfavorfreetrade,morethanhalfofAmericanswanttoprotectdomesticcompaniesfromforeigncompetitionevenifthatslowseconomicgrowth.Inahintoflabor'spossibleresurgence,theHouseofRepresentativeshasjustvotedtoraisethefederalminimumwageforthefirsttimeinadecade.EvenJapanisalarmedaboutinequality,stagnant(不景气的)wagesandjobsgoingtoChina.Europehastieditselfinknotstryingto"manage"tradeinChinesetextiles.

Shouldyoublameyourcomputer?

Thepaniccomesinpartfromarushtolumpalltheblameonglobalization.Technology--anevenlessresistibleforce--isalsodestroyingwhite-andblue-collartasksinapuffofautomationandmayplayabiggerroleinexplainingrisingwageinequality.Thedistinctionsbetweentechnologyandglobalizationcount,ifonlybecausepeopletendtowelcomecomputersbutcondemnforeigners(whetherascompetitorsorimmigrants).Thatmakestechnologyeasiertodefend.

Foreconomists,thedebateaboutwhethertechnologyorglobalizationisresponsibleforcapital'srewardsoutpacingthoseoflaboriscrucial,complicatedandunresolved.Oneschool,whichblamesglobalization,arguesthattherocketingprofitsandsluggishmiddlingwagesofthepastfewyearsarethelong-lastingresultsoftrade,asallthosenewdevelo

A.seemedtoberedundant

B.irritatedthem

C.satisfiedthem

D.wasclosetoMr.Nardelli's

12.

Televisionhasinvadedourculturesocompletelythatthatitevenhaseffecton______.

A.theliteraryworld

B.foreigncountries

C.thehighly-educatedpeople

D.thosewhodon'twatchTVatall

13.

Americanhighschoolstudentssinkalmosttothebottominasurveyofmathandscienceliteracybecausetoomanyofthehighschool______inAmericaarenotqualified.

14.

Norawassosuretheywouldgetthefiftypoundsthatshehadalreadyspentit______.

15.

Thenaggingquestionofanonymityisrelatedcloselywith______.

16.

ThereasonwhyaninformalagreementamongtheQuintmemberswouldnotworkisthatitisnotlegallycertified.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Withthehelpofthegovernmentandtheworldandtheirownefforts,womenofthePeruvianAndeswillsoonbeabletogobackhome.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Itis______thatcausemostofthedeathsinahurricaneortropicalstorm.

19.

Mr.Bellavancecashedouthispension,soldhishouseandunloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgarageafterlosinghisjobinordertochangehisfinancesinto_______________mode.

20.

It'ssaferforyoutofishoutandholdthecardinhandbefore______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B3】

22.(29)

A.Theirinterestinphysicalactivities.

B.Theirinterestindangerousexperiences.

C.Theirinterestinnatureandoutdooractivities.

D.Theirinterestintouristsites.

23.(43)

24.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Isuddenlyheardanelephantcryingasthoughfrightened.Lookingdown,Iimmediatelyrecognizedthatsomethingwaswrong,andrandowntotheedgeofthenearbank.ThereIsawMaShwewithherthree-month-oldbabystrugglinginthefast-risingwater,anditwasalife-and-deathstruggle.Herbabywasfloatingandscreamingwithfear.MaShwewasasneartothefarbankasshecouldget,holdingherwholebodyagainsttherushingwater,andkeepingthebabypressedagainstherhugebody.Everynowandthentherushingwaterwouldsweepthebabyaway.Therewasasuddenriseinthewaterandthebabywaswashedcleanoverthemother'sbodyandwasgone.MaShweturnedquicklytoreachitandpressedthebabywithherheadandtrunkagainsttherockybank.Thenwithahugeeffort,shepickeditupinhertrunkandtrieduntilshewasabletoplaceitonanarrowshelfofrock.

Justatthismoment,shefeltbackintotheriver.Ifshewerecarrieddown,itwouldbecertaindeath.Iknew,aswellasshedid,thattherewasonespotwhereshecouldgetupthebank,butitwasontheothersidefromwhereshehadputherbaby.WhileIwaswonderingwhatIcoulddonext,Iheardthesoundofamother'slove.MaShwehadcrossedtheriverandgotupthebankandwasmakingherwaybackasfastasshecould,roaringallthetime.Buttoherbabyitwasmusic.

Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

30.Whatdidthespeakerseethemomenthegotdowntotheriverbank?

31.HowdidMaShwemanagetosaveherbabyfromthefast-flowingwater?

32.Howdidthebabyfeelaboutthemotherelephant'sroaring?

(27)

A.Thebabywasabouttofallintotheriver.

B.MaShwewasplacingthebabyontherock.

C.Thebabywaswashedawaybytherisingwater.

D.MaShwewasholdingthebabyagainsttherushingwater.

25.(34)

A.Heshouldshowrespectfortheinterviewer.

B.Heshouldshowconfidenceforhimself.

C.Heshouldbedressedproperly.

D.Heshouldtalkenthusiastically.

26.

【B8】

27.听力原文：M:Yourstaffappearstobemadeupofsmartpeople,butIbetthatthey'dscorelowonanEQtest.

W:EQ?Oh,IthinkI'veheardofthat,right.Soyou'resayingthattheycan'tapplytheirintelligenceefficiency.Thatistheproblem.

Q:Whatproblemdoesthewomanindicate?

(17)

A.HeremployeesgetlowscoresonthetestofEQ.

B.Heremployeescan'ttaketheadvantageofhighIQ.

C.Heremployeesaretoosmartaccordingtothetest.

D.Heremployeesareconcernedwithemotionalproblems.

28.听力原文：W:You'llhavetoapologizeabitmoresincerelyifyouexpectyourfriendtoactuallytrustyouagain.

M:Idon'tknowwhatelseIcouldsay.Besides,Idon'tthinkit'sanapologyhewants.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(17)

A.Heshouldn'thaveapologized.

B.Hewillfindabetterwayofapologizing.

C.Hecouldn'tfindarightwordtomakeanapology.

D.Hisfriendisaskingformorethanjustanapology.

29.(16)

A.Hewantstoturnonthelight.

B.Hewantstobeonadiet.

C.Hewantstohaveasmoke.

D.Hewantstocutsomething.

30.

【B2】

31.(31)

A.75quakes.B.64quakes.C.119quakes.D.70quakes.

32.

【B7】

33.听力原文：W：Tom，wherewereyouyesterdayevening?Iexpectedtoseeyouattheconcert.

M：Oh,Iwaitedforyouatthecornerofyourstreet,ThenIlookedforyouatyourflat,butthehousekeepersaidyouwereout．

Q：Whydidn'ttheymeetthatevening?

(17)

A.Theywerebothbusydoingtheirwork.

B.Theywaitedforeachotheratdifferentplaces.

C.Theywenttothestreetcomeratdifferenttimes.

D.Themanwenttotheconcert,butthewomandidn't.

34.(26)

A.Givesheragift.

B.Givesheracheck.

C.Givesheralift.

D.Givesherabike.

35.听力原文：Chessmustbeoneoftheoldestgamesintheworld.AnArabtravelerinIndiaintheyear900wrotethatitwasplayed"longlongago".ChesswasprobablyinventedinIndia,andithasbeenplayedeverywhereintheworld,fromAsiatoEurope,fromAmericatoAfricaeversince1400.Thename"chess"isinteresting.Whenoneplayerisattackingtheother'sking,hesaysinEnglish"checkmate".ThesewordscamefromthePersianwordsof"Shanmat",whichmeans"thekingisdead".Thatiswhenthegameisover,andoneplayerhaswon.

Thoughsuchanoldgamechangesveryslowly,itspresentruleshaven'talwaysbeenthesameastheyusedto.Forexample,atonetimethequeencouldonlymoveonesquareatatime.Nowsheisthestrongestpieceontheboard.Itwouldbeinterestingtoknowwhythishashappened.

Chesstakestimeandthought,butitisagameforallkindsofpeople.Youdon'thavetobeachampioninordertoenjoyit.Norisitalwaysplayedbytwopeoplesittingatthesametable.What'smore,someofthechessmastersareabletoplaymanypeopleatthesametime.Itisalsosaidthatsomepeopleplaychessbypost,whichmustmakechesstheslowestgameintheworld.

(30)

A.Heattackshisownking.

B.Theotherplayer'skingcannotmove.

C.Theotherplayersays"Shanmat"tohim.

D.Theotherplayersays"checkmate"tohim.

36.【B3】

37.(28)

A.Selfsupporting.

B.Afull-timejob.

C.Educationcompleted.

D.Havingachild.

38.听力原文：W:ShallIbringyouyourcoffeenoworwouldyouratherhaveitwithyourlunch?

M:I'dlikeitnow,please.

Q:Wheredidthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

(13)

A.Atabutchershop.

B.Atarestaurant.

C.Atabookstore.

D.Atagrocerystore.

39.听力原文：M:Howareyoudoingwithyourplan?

W:Nooneknowshowtodotheworkcorrectly,sowehavetolearnhowtodoitbyaprocessoftrialanderror.ButIthinkthingsaregettingbetterandbetter.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversationaboutthewoman?

(14)

A.Sheisworriedabouttheerrorsmade.

B.Shehasbeendoingthingsinacorrectway.

C.Sheneedssomeonetolendherahand.

D.Sheisstillsearchingfordirections.

40.(25)

A.TheystillregarditanimportanttraditionalfestivaltothankGodforagoodharvest.

B.Theythinkitafestivalforonlyschoolchildren.

C.Theydon'tthinkitveryimportantforthem.

D.Theyonlythinkittimeforfamilytogathertogetherago.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Apartfromdemographics,thecausesofthe"demotorization"processinJapanalsoinclude______.

42.

WhoshouldberesponsibleforthedeathofEverettEmersonHatcheraccordingtothepassage?

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Theclimateofearthhasfluctuatedquiteabitoverthelast4.6billionyearsofourplanet'shistoryanditcanbeexpectedthattheclimatewillcontinuetochange.Oneofthemostintriguingquestionsinearthscienceiswhethertheperiodsoficeagesareoverorarcwelivinginan"interglacial"periodoftimebetweeniceages?

ThegeologictimeperiodwearenowlivinginisknownastheHolocene(全新世).Thisepochbeganabout11,000yearsagowhichwastheendofthelastglacialperiodandtheendofthePleistocene(更新世)epoch.ThePleistocenewasanepochofcoolglacialandwarmerinterglacialperiodswhichbeganabout1.8millionyearsago.

Sincetheglacialperiodknownasthe"Wisconsin"inNorthAmericaand"Wrm'inEuropewhenover10millionsquaremiles(about27millionkm2)ofNorthAmerica,Asia,andEuropewerecoveredbyice,almostalloftheicesheetscoveringthelandandglaciersinthemountainshaveretreated.Today,abouttenpercentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredbyice;96%ofthisiceislocatedinAntarcticaandGreenland.GlacialiceisalsopresentinsuchdiverseplacesasAlaska,Canada,NewZealand,Asia,andCalifornia.

Asonly11,000yearshaspassedsincethelastIceAge,scientistscannotbecertainthatweareindeedlivinginapost-glacialHoloceneepochinsteadofaninterglacialperiodofthePleistoceneandthusdueforanothericeageinthegeologicfuture.Somescientistsbelievethatanincreaseinglobaltemperature,aswearenowexperiencing,couldbeasignofanimpendingiceageandcouldactuallyincreasetheamountoficeontheearth'ssurface.

Thecold,dryairabovetheArcticandAntarcticacarrieslittlemoistureanddropslittlesnowontheregions.Anincreaseinglobaltemperaturecouldincreasethemountofmoistureintheairandincreasetheamountofsnowfall.Afteryearsofmoresnowfallthanmelting,thePolarRegionscouldaccumulatemoreice.

Anaccumulationoficewouldleadtoaloweringoftheleveloftheoceansandtherewouldbefurther,unanticipatedchangesintheglobalclimatesystemaswell.Ourshorthistoryonearthandourshorterrecordoftheclimatekeepsusfromfullyunderstandingtheimplicationsofglobalwarming.Withoutadoubt,anincreaseintheearth'stemperaturewillhavemajorconsequencesforalllifeonthisplanet.

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HasthePleistoceneEpochEnded?

B.AnotherIceAgeintheGeologicFutureIsComing?

C.TheIceAges:AreTheyOver?

D.GlacialIceWillBePresentinDifferentPlaces?

44.

Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorseemtoprefer?

A.Thattheearthbehavesasaliquidresultinmanygreatoceans.

B.Thetemperatureofthesinkingplateislowerthanitssurrounding.

C.Thetraditionalviewoftheoriginoftheoceanbasinisthoroughlywrong.

D.NeithertheAfricannortheAmericanplatemovesaccordingtothealternativetheory.

45.

Whydopeopledreamwhattheyworryabout?

A.Becausethebraintriestohelppeoplepreparefortheoccurrenceofadisaster.

B.Becausethebraintriestodeveloppeople'sabilitytolearntodealwithadisaster.

C.Becausedreamscanmakepeoplefeellessworriedabouttheoccurrenceofadisaster.

D.Becausedreamscanhelppeoplerememberwhattodowhenadisasteroccurred.

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Scientistssaytheyhavehighhopesforadrugthatcouldonedayprovideanewform.oftreatmentforH1V-AIDS.Acompound,whichinterfereswithanelusiveproteinusedbytheHIVvirustoinfecthumancells,hasworkedextremelywellinmonkeys,Ifthe.drugproveseffectiveinhumantrials,scientistssay,itcouldbolster(加强)theeffectivenessoftwoexistingAIDSdrugs,particularlyinfightingdrug-resistantstrainsofthevirus.

Researchersatthepharmaceutical(制药的)companyMerckareveryexcitedaboutanexperimentaldrug,whichhasworkedaswellinmonkeysinfectedwithaprimateversionofthevirusasanyoftheexistinganti-AIDSdrugs.

Itworksbyblockingoneofthreeproteins,orenzymes,theHIVvirususestogainentranceintoandinfecthumanimmunesystemcells.

Inhibitordrugshavebeendevelopedtoblocktwooftheproteins,toslowprogressionofthediseaseafterinfection.Theyhavebecomestandardtherapyasa"cocktail"forpeopleinfectedwithHIV.

Thoseenzymeserereversetranscriptase(转录酶)andprotease(蛋白酶).Thefirstconvertsthevirus'geneticmaterialintothatofitshostcells.Thesecondchopsuptheresultinglargerproteinsintosmallerpieces,producingsmallerviralparticlesthatinfectnewcells.

Thethirdprongofcellularattackisaproteincalledintegrase(整合酶),whichexpertssayhasbeenhardertoblock.OnceHIVfoolshostcellsbychangingitsgeneticinformationsoitcanenterthem,integraseactslikeacutandpasteoperationinawordprocessor,deletinganimmunecell'sgeneticmaterialandreplacingitwithitsown.

AnintegraseinhibitorwouldgivedoctorsathirdlineofattackagainstHIVinfection,accordingtovirologistDariaHazudaofthedivisionofVirusandCellBiologyatMerck.

"Thiswouldofferathirdclassofanti-retroviralmedicationsthatcanbecombinedwithreversetranscriptaseinhibitorsandproteaseinhibitors.Andsinceitisanewmechanismofaction,thesecompoundsareactiveagainstmulti-drugresistantvariants.SovariantsthatareresistanttoallcurrenttherapieshavebeenselectedinHIV-patients,"shesaid.

Currentanti-AIDSdrugseventuallybecomeresistanttotherapy,orstopworking,becausetheviruschangesitsshape.

Whileresearchersareencouragedbythesuccesswiththecompound'seffectivenessinmonkeytrials,developingadrugthatisequallyeffectiveinhumanscanbedifficult.

StevenYoungisexecutivedirectoroftheDepartmentofMedicinalChemistryatMerck.Hesays,ifscientistsfindacompoundthatisequallyeffectiveinpeople,thecompanywouldaskU.S.regulatorstospeedapprovalofthedrug.

"Yeah,Ireallythinkthat'swhatwe'rehopingfor,"hesaid."Imean,weneedtogetdatathatshowithasrobustanti-viraleffectsinpeople.Andifwe'reabletogetthatdata,Ithinkwewouldpetitionforfasttrackstatus."

Dr.Youngsaysanintegraseinhibitorhasthepotentialtopreventdrugresistance.

"Toensureourbestchancesofpreventingresistance,wewouldgivethisaspartofacocktailtherapy,"headded."AndIthinkit'sreallyourplanthatwewouldtestthiswithreversetranscriptaseinhibitorsandproteaseinhibitors,aswell."

Ifthedrugproveseffectiveinhumantrials,itcouldenhancetheeffectivenessofexistingAIDSdrugsin______.

47.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutFrenchmen?

A.Manyofthempreferthemodemlifestyle.

B.Theyactuallyenjoyworkingattheassemblyline.

C.Theyaremoreconcernedwithmoneythanbefore.

D.Theyaremorecompetitivethantheoldgeneration.

48.Accordingtothestudyteam,______isapracticethatcanencouragetransmissionofthebirdflu.

49.

Accordingtotheolderwoman,herillnesshadmuchtodowith______.

A.herdifficultlife

B.herson'srarevisits

C.herbeinglonely

D.herson'sstressfulwork

50.

Accordingtotheauthor,sexroles______.

A.aresociallydetermined

B.areemotionallyandphysicallydetermined

C.canonlybedeterminedbywhateducationpeopletake

D.arebiologicallyandpsychologicallydetermined

51.

InProf.Dertouzos'opinion,thehackersprobablyhave______.

52.

Whatcausedthegianttsunami?

53.(61)

54.LikepeopleinJapan,Europeancitydwellersmayalsoundergoashiftfromowningacartousing______.

55.

Whyisitdifficulttosayexactlyhowmanymilesofimprovedwaterwaysareinoperation?

A.Themostrecentfiguresisfor1975andthefigureisdeclining.

B.Watertransport'smarkettheregoesupanddownfrequently.

C.Sofewmilesofinlandwaterwaysexistthatnoonehasbotheredtocountthem.

D.Youmustknowwhethertoincludecoastwiseandintercostalsshippinginthefigure.

56.

Accordingtoitsadvocates,whowillgainfromtheprivatizationofSocialSecurity?

A.Investorsinstockmarkets.

B.Retiredworkersinthefuture.

C.ThefutureCongresses.

D.Accountinformationbrokers.

57.ElAl'ssecurityprocedurescan'tbewidelyappliedinAmericabecausetheyare____.

58.

Theword"diminished"(Para.2)probablymeans"______."

A.decreasedB.increasedC.changedD.goneaway

59.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Individualandcollectivementalitiesmightpreventcommunicationwithothers.

B.Peopleindifferentculturesmaybegovernedbythesameculturalnorms.

C.Ifculturalnormsaresomethingtangible,theywon'tbesoconfining.

D.People'svisionswillbeenlargedifonlytheyknowthatculturaldifferencesexist.

60.Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossiblesupposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientist

continuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited(使不相信).Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes—forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago;however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit______.

A.classifiedknowledge

B.thestudyofunrelatedfields

C.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

D.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.Theroleofthefarmerhasalwaysbeenanimportantone.Twohundred

yearsago,95%ofAmericanworkerswerefarmers.Agricultureis【S1】______.

America'sbiggestindustry.Today,lessthan3%ofAmericanworkersare

farmers.YetagriculturestillisAmerica'sbiggestindustry,itemploysmore

workersthananyotherindustry,anditproducesmorefoodthanAmericans

canconsumeenoughtomaketheUnitedStatestheworld'slargestimporter【S2】______.

ofagriculturalgoods.Americanfarmersusedtogrowonlyenoughfoodto

feedtheirfamiliesandanimals.Noweachfarmergrowsenoughtofeed78

otherpeople.Americanfarmersproducemoretodaybecausetheyhaveto

usemodernfarmandbusinessmethods.Thismeanstheyhavetoknowmore【S3】______.

thaneverbefore.Theystilllearnaboutsoil,theweather,harmlessinsects,【S4】______.

andplantandanimaldiseases,buttheyalsomustlearnabouteconomics,

internationaltrade,andevencomputers.IthassaidthatfarminginAmerica【S5】______.

todayisthreefourthspaperworkandonefourthphysicallabor.Becauseof

this,Americanfarmersnowareabletoworkformoreyears.Inthepast,

mostwereoldandtiredofbythetimetheywereabout40.Today,【S6】______.

however,theaverageageoftheAmericanfarmeris48-fiveyearsolder

thantheaverag6ageofotherAmericanworkers.Almostallnewfarmersin

theUnitedstateshavecompletedatmost12yearsofschooling,andmany【S7】______.

youngAmericansstudyagricultureatastateuniversity.Thefederal

governmentprovidedwiththeestablishmentoftheseschoolsinalawsigned