2001年6月英语六级真题含答案

WeighhimselfHaveatalkwiththeA)ThewomanshouldhavecominedtoherThewomanshouldstayoutuntiltheneighborsareThewomanshouldhavestayedattheThelabwillbeabetterceforA)CheckthefigureslaterBringacalculatorBringacalculatorCalculatethenumberrightA)Shedoesn’tremembermuchabouttheShe’sneverbeentotheShewouldfindsomeoneelsetoShewouldtalktothemanA)ShethinksthemanshouldhavehelpedShedoesn’tneedtheman’sShedoesn’tknowtheboxesareShewantsthemantohelpwiththeA)SheletthemanuseherbooksfortheShebroughtthebooksthemanaskedSheborrowedthebooksfromtheSheofferedtohelptheA)She’dliketohavethewindowsShelikestohavetheairconditionerTheairisheavilyThewindowsarealreadyA)He’sgoingtovisitaphotoHe’sjusthadhispictureHe’sonthewaytotheHe’sjustreturnedfromajobA)AtagasInaInanemergencyAtaSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageQuestion11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)OnesixthofthemareseriouslyOnethirdofthemareseriouslyHalfofthemareseriouslyMostofthemareseriouslyA)TherewasnogarbagelefttocleanTherewasmoregarbagethanbeforeandtheyhadtoworkTheriver esocleanthatalotofwater-birdscameTheriverwasmuchcleanerandtheyhadtosearchforA)MostofthemwouldbeindifferentandkeeponthrowinggarbageintotheTheywouldjointhestudentsinchangingtheThey emoreawareofthepollutionTheywouldthinktwicebeforetheywentswimmingorfishinginthePassageQuestions14to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)WhypeopleholdbacktheirWhypeopleHowtorestrainone’sHowtearsareA)WhatchemicalstearsarecomposedWhethercryingreallyhelpsusfeelWhysomepeopletendtocrymoreoftenthanHowtearshelppeoplecopewithemotionalA)OnlyoneoutoffourgirlscrieslessoftenthanOffourboys,onlyonecriesveryGirlscryfourtimesasoftenasOnlyoneoutoffourbabiesdoesn’tcryA)OnlyhumansrespondtoemotionsbysheddingOnlyhumansshedtearstogetridofirritatingstuffintheirOnlyhumantearscanresisttheinvadingOnlyhumantearscandischargecertainPassageQuestions18to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheymakedecisionsbytossingTheyarenotphysicallyTheythinkexactlythesameTheysharemostoftheirvitalA)FewofthemcanliveFewofthemgetalongwellwitheachMostofthemliveanormalMostofthemdifferintheirlikesandA)TheygotoaregularTheyattendaspecialTheyaretaughtbytheirTheyhaveaprivatePart Reading (35 Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)D).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingOurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.Wedonotrealizethatwavinggood-byeisthewaytosummona countries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat“Gift”meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayformothers.LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericans ofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.EvenhereintheUnitedStateswemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitorsTherearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublicbuildingsormonuments;wedonothavemultilingual（多语的）guidedtoursVeryfewrestaurantshavetranslations,andmultilingualwaiters,bankclerksandmenarerare.OurtransportationsystemshavemapsinEnglishonlyandoftenweourselveshavedifficultyunderstandingthem.Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhosandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken.Theattitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives—usuallythericher—whospeakEnglish.Ourbusinessdealings,aswellasthenation’sdiplomacy,areconductedthroughFormanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryoftheworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.Butallthatispast.Americandollarsnolongerbuyallgoodthings,andweareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.A1979Harrispollreportedthat55percentofAmericanswantthiscountrytoyamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs;wewanttohaveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury,eventhoughitmaynotalwaysbetheupperItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEasternerswouldmostprobably standjumpstepdrawTheauthorgivesmanyexamplestocriticizeAmericansfortheir culturalself-casualindifferencetowardforeignarrogancetowardsotherIncountriesotherthantheirownmostAmericans areisolatedbythelocalarenotwellinformedduetothelanguagetendtogetalongwellwiththeneedinterpretersin sandAccordingtotheauthor,Americans’culturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance affecttheirimageinthenewcutthemselvesofffromtheoutsidelimittheirroleinworldweakenthepositionoftheUSTheauthor’sintentioninwritingthisarticleistomakeAmericansrealizethat itisdangeroustoignoretheirforeignitisimportanttomaintaintheirleadingroleinworlditisnecessarytouseseverallanguagesinpublicitistimetogetacquaintedwithotherPassageQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingIndepartmentstoresandclosetsallovertheworld,theyarewaiting.Theiroutwardappearanceseemsratherappealingbecausetheycomeinavarietyofstyles,textures,andcolors.Buttheyareultimaythebiggestdeceptionthatexistsinthefashionindustrytoday.Whatarethey?Theyarehighheels—awoman’sworstenemy(whethersheknowsitornot).Highheelshoesarethedownfallofmodernsociety.Fashionmythshaveledwomentobelievethattheyaremorebeautifulorsophisticatedforwearingheels,butinreality,heelssucceedinposingshortaswellaslongtermhardships.Womenshouldfightthehighheelindustrybyrefusingtouseorpurchasetheminordertosavetheworldfromunnecessaryphysicalandpsychologicalsuffering.Forthesakeoffairness,itmustbenotedthatthereisapositivesidetohighheels.First,heelsareexcellentforaerating（使通气）lawns.AnyonewhohaseverwornheelsongrassknowswhatIamtalkingaboutAsimpletriparoundtheyardinapairofthosebabieseliminatesallneedtocallforalawncarespecialistandprovidestheperfect-sizedholestogiveanylawnoxygenwithoutallthosemessychunksofdirtlyingaround.Second,heelsarequitefunctionalfordefenseagainstingenemies,whocaneasilybescaredawaybythreateningthemwithapairofthesesharp,deadlyfashionRegardlessofsuchpracticalusesforheelsthefactremainsthatwearinghighheelsisharmfultoone’sphysicalhealth.Talktoanypodiatrist（足病医生）andyouwillhearthatthemajorityoftheirbusinesscomesfromhigh-heel-wearingwomen.Highheelsareknowntocauseproblemssuchasdeformedfeetandtorntoenails.Theriskofseverebackproblemsandtwistedorbrokenanklesisthreetimeshigherforahighheelwearerthanforaflatshoewearer.Wearingheelsalsocreatesthethreatofgettingaheelcaughtinasidewalkcrackorasewer-grate（阴沟栅）andbeingthrowntotheground—possiblybreakinganoseback,orneck.Andofcourseafterwearingheelsforaday,anywomanknowsshecanlookforwardtoanightofpainasshetriestocomfortherswollen,achingWhatmakeswomenblindtothedeceptivenatureofhighThemulti-functionaluseofhighTheirattempttoshowofftheirTherichvarietyofhighheelTheirwishtoimprovetheirTheauthor’spresentationofthepositivesideofhighheelsismeant tobetopokefunattobefairtothefashiontomakehispointTheauthorusestheexpression“thosebabies”(Line3,Para.2)torefertohigh toshowtheirfragiletoindicatetheirfemininetoshowwomen’saffectionfortoemphasizetheirsmallTheauthor’schiefargumentagainsthighheelsisthat theyposeathreattotheyareinjurioustowomen’stheydon’tnecessarilymakewomentheyareineffectiveasaweaponofItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwomenshould seethroughtheverynatureoffashionboycotttheproductsofthefashiongotoapodiatristregularlyforavoidfollowingfashiontooPassageQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingItishardlynecessaryformetocitealltheevidenceofthedepressingstateoflicy.ThesefiguresfromtheDepartmentofEducationaresufficient:27millionAmericanscannotreadatall,andafurther35millionreadatalevelthatislessthansufficienttosurviveinoursociety.Butmyownworrytodayislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemofelementallicythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofhemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilence,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading.ithasbeensuggestedthatalmost80percentofAmerica’slite,educatedteenagerscannolongerreadwithoutan noise(music)inthebackgroundoraevisionscreenflickering（闪烁）atthecorneroftheirofperception.Weknowverylittleaboutthebrainandhowitdealswithsimultaneous inputbuteverycommon-senseintuitionsuggestsweshouldbeprofoundlyalarmed.Thisviolationofconcentration,silence,solitude（独处的状态）goestotheveryheartofournotionoflicy;thisnewformofpart-reading,ofpart-perceptionagainstbackgrounddistraction,rendersimpossiblecertainessentialactsofapprehensionandconcentration,letalonethatmostimportanttributeanyhumanbeingcanpaytoapoemorapieceofproseheorshereallyloves,whichistolearnitbyheart.Notbybrain,byheart;theexpressionisvital.Underthesecircumstances,thequestionofwhatfuturethereisfortheartsofreadingisarealoneAheadofuslietechnicalpsychic（心理的）andsocialtransformationsprobablymuchmoredramaticthanthosebroughtaboutbyGutenberg,theGermaninventorinprinting.TheGutenbergrevolution,aswenowknowittookalongtimeitseffectsarestillbeingdebated.Theinformationrevolutionwilltoucheveryfacetofcomposition,publication,distribution,andreading.Nooneinthebookindustrycansaywithanyconfidencewhatwillhappentothebook,aswe’veknownit.ThepictureofthereadingabilityoftheAmericanpeople,drawnbytheauthor,isratherfairlyveryquiteTheauthor’sbiggestconcernis elementaryschoolchildren’sdisinterestinreadingthesurprisinglylowrateof cyinthethemusicalsettingAmericanreadersrequireforthereadingabilityandreadingbehaviorofthemiddleAmajorproblemwithmostadolescentswhocanreadis theirfondnessofmusicandTVtheirignoranceofvariousformsofartand theirlackofattentivenessandbasictheirinabilitytofocusoningTheauthorclaimsthatthebestwayareadercanshowadmirationforapieceofpoetryorproseis tobeabletoappreciateitandmemorizetoyzeitsessentialtothinkitovertomakeafairappraisalof icAboutthefutureoftheartsofreadingtheauthorfeels PassageQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingForcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirlivesventuringintotheunknownforreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic.ColumbuswentwesttolookforbettertradewildernesstofindoutwhattheU.S.hadacquiredwhenitpurchasedLouisiana,andtheAppolo edtothemooninadramaticshowoftechnologicalmuscleduringthecoldwar.Althoughtheirmissionsblendedcommercialandpolitical-militaryimperatives,theexplorersinvolvedall plishedsomesignificantsciencesimplybygoingwherenoscientistshadgonewithdoubtfulprospectsforashort-termfinancialreturn,withthecoldwararapidlyfadingmemoryandamidagrowingemphasisoninternationalcooperationinlargespaceventures,itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksonthenet’sreddishsurface.Coulditbethatscience,whichhaslongyedaminorroleinexploration,isatlastdestinedtotakealeadingrole?Thequestionnaturallyinvitesacoupleofothers:ArethereexperimentsthatonlyhumanscoulddoonMars?Couldthoseexperimentsprovideinsightsprofoundenoughtojustifytheexpenseofsendingpeopleacrossinternetaryspace?WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen.Theissueofwhetherlifeeverexistedonthenet,andwhetheritpersiststothisday,hasbeenhighlightedbymountingevidencethattheRednetoncehadabundantstableliquidwaterandbythecontinuingcontroversyoversuggestionsthatbacterialfossilsrodetoEarthonameteorite（陨石）fromMars.AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.IfitcouldbeestablishedthatlifearoseindependentlyonMarsandEarth,thefindingwouldprovidethefirstconcretecluesinoneofthedeepestmysteriesinallofsciencetheprevalenceoflifeintheuniverse.Accordingtothepassage,thechiefpurposeofexplorersingoingtounknowncesinthepastwas todisytheircountry’smilitary plishsomesignificanttofindnewareasfortopursuecommercialandstateAtpresent,aprobableinducementforcountriestoinitiatelarge-scalespaceventures internationalnationalisticscientificlong-termWhatisthemaingoalofsendinghumanmissionstoTofindoutiflifeeverexistedToseeifhumanscouldsurviveToprovethefeasibilityoflarge-scalespaceToshowtheleadingroleofscienceinspaceBysaying“WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen”(Line1,Para.4),theauthormeansthat withMarstherisksinvolvedaremuchgreaterthananypreviousspaceinthecaseofMars,therewardsofscientificexplorationcanbeveryinthecaseofMars,muchmoreresearchfundsareneededthaneverwithMars,scientistsargue,thefundamentalinterestsofscienceareatThe lsusthatproofoflifeonMarswould makeclearthecomplexchemistryinthedevelopmentofconfirmthesuggestionthatbacterialfossilstraveledtoEarthonarevealthekindofconditionsunderwhichlifeprovideanexnationwhylifeiscommoninthePart Vocabularyand (20Directions:Thereare30 markedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenIfyouwantthispainkiller,you’llhavetoaskthedoctorfora A) B)C) D)The fromchildhoodtoadulthoodisalwaysacriticaltimeforA) B)C) D)Itishard lwhetherwearegoingtohaveaboomintheeconomyora A) B)C) D)Hisuseofcolor,lightandformquicklydepartedfromtheconventionalstyleofhis ashedevelopedhisownA) B)C) D)Failureinarequiredsubjectmayresultinthe ofaA) B)C) D)Tohelpstudentsunderstandhowwesee,teachersoftendrawan betweenaneyeandacamera.A) C) D)A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthat girlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertyinthedeveloworldtoday.A) B)C) D)Theauthorofthereportiswell withtheproblemsinthehospitalbecausehehasbeenworkingthereformanyyears.A) B)C) D)Whenthefarmersvisitedthecityforthefirsttime,theywere byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.A) B)C) D)IfJapan itsrelationwiththatcountryitwillhavetofindanotherrofrawmaterials.A) B)C) D)Theywere intheirscientificresearch,notknowingwhathappenedjustoutsidetheirlab.A) B)C) D)should tooneormoreweeklymagazinessuchasTimeorA) B)C) D)Theautomaticdoorsinsupermarkets theentryandexitofcustomerswithshopcarts.A) B)C) D) A) B)C) D)Thelittlegirlwas bythedeathofherdogsinceheraffectionforthepethadbeenrealanddeep.A) B)C) D)Avisitortoamuseumtodaywouldnotice changesinthewaymuseumsareA) B)C) D)Mostpeopletendtothinktheyaresoefficientattheirjobthattheyare A) B)C) D)irreBeingimpatientis withbeingagoodA) B) D)Foraparticularreason,hewantedtheinformationtobetreatedas A) B)C) D)Fortune-lersaregoodatmaking statementssuchas“YoursorrowswillA) B)C) D)Thetenantmustbepreparedtodecoratethehouse thetermsoftheA)inthevicinity B)inquestC)inaccordance D)incollaborationThewinnersofthefootballchampionshipranoffthefieldcarryingthesilvercup A) B)C) D)Hesaidthattheyhad beenobligedtogiveuptheschemeforlackofA) B)C) D)Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis A) B)C) D)Theirclaimstodamageshavenotbeenconvincingly A) B)C) D)Pleasedon’t toomuchonthepainfulmemories.EverythingwillbeallA) B)C) D)Thejobsofwildlifetechniciansandbiologistsseemed tohim,butonedayhediscoveredtheirdifference.A) B)C) D)Marybecame homesickandcriticaloftheUnitedStates,soshefledfromherhomeinwestBloomfieldtoherhometowninAustria.A) B)C)absolu D)Despitealmostuniversal ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sli cy,educationremainsadreamforfartoomanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.A) B)C) D)Intoday’smedicalfield,littleagreementexistsonthe fordefiningmentalA) B)C) D)Part Error (15Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(∧)intherightceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandputaslash(／)intheevisionisrapidly ingthelituresofourperiods. 1.time/times/periodManyoftheargumentshavingusedforthestudyofliture. 2.／ Asaschoolsubjectarevalidfor∧studyo