2021-2022年四川省绵阳市公共英语五级(笔试)测试卷(含答案)

2021-2022年四川省绵阳市公共英语五级(笔试)测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.

B.Dr.Kleimanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofaday.

C.Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.

D.Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.

2.AsimplediethighinvitaminsandsugarbutlowinfatandchemicalsbenefitsthosepeopleinHunza.

A.RightB.Wrong

3.Mr.Millerwillbuyanewhousewiththemoneyhehaswon.

A.TrueB.Fasle

4.WhendidDicksongotoBostonforeyetreatment?

A.In1848.

B.Intheearly1850s.

C.Inthelate1850s.

D.Intheearly1860s.

5.Listthreetraditionalfemaleoccupationsmentionedinthetalk.

6.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutLowTillFarming?

A.It'sanewwayofapplyingchemicalfertilizer.

B.It'sanimprovedmethodofharvestingcrops.

C.It'sacreativetechniqueforsavinglabor.

D.It'safanningprocesslimitingtheuseofplows.

7.Whatservicemustbepaidfor?

A.Computerclasses.

B.Trainingsessions.

C.Laserprinting.

D.Packageborrowing.

8.听力原文：M：DidyouhearabouttheaircrashthatoccurredinSouthAmericarecently?Itwasquiteatragicaccident!

W：No,Ididn'tseeanythinginthenewsaboutit．Whathappened?

M：AforeignairlinerwasattemptingtolandatnightinamountainousareainArgentinaandflewintoahill!

W：Thatsoundsreallyterrible!Didanyonesurvive?

M：No，everyoneaboard，includingthecrew，waskilledinstantly．

W：Whatwerethecircumstances?Weretheybadweather,afire,orenginefailure?

M：Apparently，thereweresomelowcloudsinthearea，butmostlyitwasjustmiscommunicationbetweenthepilotsandtheairtrafficcontrollers．

W：Weren'ttheybothspeakinginEnglish，theofficialinternationalaviationlanguage?

M：Yestheywere，butthetransitionfrompoorqualityradioswasslightlydistortedandtheaccentsoftheSpanishspeakingcontrollerswassostrongthatthepilotsmisunderstoodavitalinstruction．

W：Howcouldamisunderstandinglikethatcausesuchaseriousaccident?

M：Thepilotsweretoldtodescendto22,000feet．Theinstructionactuallymeant22,000feet，buttheythoughttheyhearddescend2,000feet．That'sahugedifference．anditshouldhavebeenconfirmed．butitwasnot．Unfortunately，theterrainofthemountainsinNorweijaascendto2,000feet．

W：Sothepilotsdiddescendtothewrongaltitudethen，becausetheywerefollowingtheaircontroller'sinstructions．

M：Sadlyenough，yestheydid．Itwasareallybadmistake．Manypeoplediedasaresultofthesimplymisunderstanding．

W：Wow，that'sapowerfullessononhowimportantitcanbetoaccuratelycommunicatewitheachother．

Whatwasthecauseofthetragedy?

A.Badweather.

B.Humanerror.

C.Breakdownoftheengines.

D.Communicationssystemfailure.

9.Withonlyagoodbookweareverylikelytofeellonely.

A.RightB.Wrong

10.Warmwatercan'tcoolus,butcoldwatercan.

A.TrueB.Fasle

11.Astrokevictimcanputglovesonbothhishands.

A.RightB.Wrong

12.PartC

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.

Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.

听力原文：Asyouknow,manybigchangeshappenedafterChristopherColumbusandotherEuropeanscametotheAmericas500yearsago.TodayI'mgoingtotalkaboutachangeintheworlddietthewaypeoplecookedandate.Fivehundredyearsago,therewasabigchangeinthedietofpeopleallovertheworld.

Let'stalkaboutthedietinEurope500yearsago.Oneimportantfoodwasmeat.Europeansatemanykindsofmeat,includingbeef,lamb,goat,andpork.Europeansalsoatedairyproducts,milkandcheesemadefromthemilkofcowsandgoats.TheEuropeansateseveraldifferentgrains:Mostpeopleatewheat,andsomepeopleaterice,whichcamefirstfromAsia.

Now,let'slookatthedietintheAmericasabout500yearsago.ThedietofthenativeAmericanwasquitedifferentfromthedietoftheEuropeans.ThisisbecausetheEuropeanmeats,dairyproducts,andgrainsdidn'texistintheAmericas.However,thenativeAmericansatesomefoodthatdidn'texistinEurope.ThenativeAmericansatedifferentvegetables,suchaspotatoesandtomatoes.Theyatedifferentgrains,suchascorn.Theyatedifferentmeat,suchasturkeyandotherwildbirds.Theyalsousedspicessuchaschocolateandhotchilipeppers.NoneofthesefoodsexistedinEurope500yearsago.

Nowlet'stalkaboutthebigchangeintheworlddiet500yearsago,afterColumbusandtheEuropeanswenttotheAmericas.

AfterEuropeanswenttotheAmericas,thedietofthenativeAmericanschangedalot.WhentheEuropeanswenttotheAmericas,theytookmanynewkindsoffoodwiththem.TheEuropeansgavesomeofthefood,themeat,dairyproducts,andgrainstothenativeAmericansandthenthenativeAmericansstartedtousetheEuropeanfoodintheircooking.Asaresult,thedietintheAmerica'stodayisverydifferentfromtheirdiet500yearsago.Forexample,ifyougotoacountrylikeMexico,youcanseethatthetraditionalMexicanfoodusesalotofbeef,pork,cheese,wheat,andrice,allfoodsthatcamefromEuropewithColumbus.

AftertheEuropeansreturnedtoEuropefromtheAmericas,therewasalsoabigchangeinthedietofpeopleinEuropeandtherestoftheworld.WhentheEuropeansreturnedtoEurope,theytookmanynewkindsoffoodbackfromtheAmericas.Theytookbackthevegetables,grains,andspicesthattheyfoundintheAmericas.Littlebylittle,peoplealloverEuropestartedusingthenewfoodsintheircooking,andthenthefoodsspreadaroundtheworldtoAfrica,theMiddleEastandAsia.

Someofthenewfoodspreadveryquicklyaroundtheworld.Oneexampleisthechilipepper.Youmaybesurprisedtoknowthat500yearsago,thechilipepperdidn'texistinmanycountriesthatarefamoustodayfortheirhotandspicyfoodmadewithchilies.Actually,wethinkthatthefirstchilipepperwastakentoSpainbyColumbusin1493,whenhereturnedfromtheAmericas.Afteronly100years,chilipeppershadspreadallaroundtheworld.Theygroweasilyinwarmweather.TheonlyplacethatthechilipepperdidnotbecomepopularwasNorthernEurope,probablybecauseitistoocoldtogrowchilipepperseasily.

Althoughchilipeppersspreadquickly,otherfoodsfromtheAmericasspreadveryslowly.Potatoesareagoodexample.Ittookabout250yearsforthepotatoestospreadaroundtheworld.ThereasonittooksolongisthatEuropeansthoughtthatpotatoeswerepoisonous.ThepotatolookedalotlikeaverypoisonousplantthatgrewinEurope.Peoplewereafraidtoeatpotatoes!Foralongtime,peopleonlyusedpotatoestof

13.PeopleinRussiaarealsofamousfortheirlongevity.

A.TrueB.Fasle

14.A15%～20%dropinbodywatercancausethebloodsystemtofail.

A.RightB.Wrong

15.Whatarethestudentsdoingwhenthemanarrivesinclass?

A.Takinganexamination.

B.Drawinggraphs.

C.Givingpresentations.

D.Havingaclassofdiscussion.

二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(35)

17.

【C9】

18.(32)

19.

【C2】

20.

【C16】

21.

【C18】

22.(37)

23.

【C8】

24.

【C14】

25.(48)

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.

Privatecompanieshavelittleinterestinproducingfluvaccinesbecauseof______.

A.complicatedprocess,highcost,lowprofitandhighrisk

B.shortagesoffertilizedchickeneggs

C.difficultyingrowinglivevirus

D.fastchangingoffluvirus

27.Women'smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen's.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatterorfrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinitestructuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses—thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargerandprobablyricherinnervefibersthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis"What?",and,ifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinborn,aresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforwordhanding,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetterconnections.

Butitisn'tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat"languagesubjects"andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan'tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon'tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

A.Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.

B.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.

C.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.

D.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.

28.(79)

29.

Whyarehorsesusedtocatchtheelectriceels?

A.Tofrightentheeels.

B.Toexhausttheeels.

C.Toattracttheeels.

D.Tostirthewater.

30.PartB

Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

AccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofDermatology,anestimated10to50millionpeopleinthiscountryhaveanallergicreactiontopoisonivyeachyear.Poisonivyisoftenverydifficulttospot.Itcloselyresemblesseveralothercommongardenplants,andcanalsoblendinwithotherplantsandweeds.Butifyoucomeintocontactwithit,you'11soonknowbytheitchy,blisteryrashthatformsonyourskin.Poisonivyisared,itchyrashcausedbytheplantthatbearsitsname.Manypeoplegetitwhentheyarehikingorworkingintheirgardenandaccidentallycomeintodirectcontactwiththeplant'sleaves,roots,orstems.Thepoisonivyrashoftenlookslikeredlines,andsometimesitformsblisters.

66.______

About85percentofpeopleareallergictotheurushiolinpoisonivy,accordingtotheAmericanAcademyofDermatology.Onlyatinyamountofthischemical—1billionthofagram—isenoughtocausearashinmanypeople.Somepeoplemayboastthatthey'vebeenexposedtopoisonivymanytimesandhavenevergottentherash,butthatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthey'renotallergic.Sometimestheallergydoesn'temergeuntilyou'vebeenexposedseveraltimes,andsomepeopledeveloparashaftertheirveryfirstexposure.Itmaytakeuptotendaysfortherashtoemergethefirsttime.

67.______

Herearesomeotherwaystoidentifythepoisonivyplant.Itgenerallygrowsinaclusteroflow,weed-likeplantsorawoodyvinewhichcanclimbtreesorfences.Itismostoftenfoundinmoistareas,suchasriverbanks,woods,andpastures.Theedgesoftheleavesaregenerallysmoothorhavetiny"teeth".Theircolorchangesbasedontheseason—reddishinthespring;greeninthesummer;andyellow,orange,orredinthefall.Itsberriesaretypicallywhite.

68.______

Thebody'simmunesystemisnormallyinthebusinessofprotectingusfrombacteria,viruses,andtheirforeigninvadersthatcanmakeussick.Butwhenurushiolfromthepoisonivyplanttouchestheskin,itinstigatesanimmuneresponse,calleddermatitis,towhatwouldotherwisebeaharmlesssubstance.Hayfeverisanotherexampleofthistypeofresponse;inthecaseofhayfever,theimmunesystemoverreactstopollen,oranotherplant-producedsubstance.

69.______

Theallergicreactiontopoisonivyisknownasdelayedhypersensitivity.Unlikeimmediatehypersensitivity,whichcausesanallergicreactionwithinminutesofexposuretoanantigen,delayedhypersensitivityreactionsdon'temergeforseveralhoursorevendaysaftertheexposure.

70.______

Intheplaceswhereyourskinhascomeintocontactwithpoisonivyleavesorurushiol,withinonetotwodaysyou'lldeveloparash,whichwillusuallyitchrredden,burn,swell,andform.blisters.Therashshouldgoawaywithinaweek,butitcanlastlonger.Theseverityofthereactionoftenhastodowithhowmuchurushiolyou'vetouched.Therashmayappearsoonerinsomepartsofthebodythaninothers,butitdoesn'tspread—theurushiolsimplyabsorbsintotheskinatdifferentratesindifferentpartsofthebody.Thickerskinsuchastheskinontheonsolesofyourfeet,ishardertopenetratethanthinnerskinonyourarmsandlegs.

A.Becauseurushiolisfoundinallpartsofthepoisonivyplant—theleaves,stems,androots—it'sbesttoa-voidtheplantentirelytopreventarash.Thetroubleis,poisonivygrowsalmosteverywhereintheUnitedStates(withtheexceptionoftheSouthwest,Alaska,andHawaii),sogeographywon'thelpyou.Thegeneralruletoidentifypoisonivy,"leafletsthree,

31.PaulStraussmann,retiredvicepresidentofXerox,indicatesinhisbookInformationPay-offthat"almosthalfoftheU.S.informationworkersareinexecutive,managerial,administrativeandprofessionalpositions."Hefurtherstatesthat"managersandprofessionalsspendmorethanhalfoftheirtimeincommunicatingwitheachother."

Inotherwords,peopleareacorporation'smostexpensiveresource.Foratypicaloffice,over90percentoftheoperatingbudgetisforsalaries,benefitsandoverhead.Withthisinvestment,isitanywonderthatmanagersarefocusingmoreandmoreattentiononemployeeproductivity?Theyrealizethatthepaperjunglecannotbetamedsimplybyhiringmorepeople.Toreceiveareturnontheirinvestment,wisecorporateexecutiveofficersarerealizingwhatindustrialistsandagriculturistslearnedlongago—efficienttoolsareessentialforincreasedproductivity.

Adirectrelationshipexistsbetweenefficientflowofinformationandthequalityandspeedoftheoutputoftheendproduct.Forthosecompaniesusingtechnology,theperdocumentcostofinformationprocessingisonlyafractionofwhatitwasafewyearsago.Thedecreasingcostofcomputersandperipherals(equipmenttiedtothecomputer)willcontinuetomaketechnologyacost-effectivetoolinthefuture.AnexampleofthistypeofsavingisillustratedinthecaseoftheWesternDivisionofGeneralTelephoneandElectronicsCompany(GTE).Bymakingaone-timeinvestmentof$10milliontoautomateitsfacilities,managementestimatesanannualsavingof$8.5millionforthecompany.Thissavingsisgainedmainlythroughtheeliminationofsupportpeopleonceneededforproposalprojects.Throughatelecommunicationsnetworkthatsupports150computerterminalswithgoodgraphicscapabilities,theengineerswhoconceptualizetheprojectsarenowdirectparticipants.Theyusethegraphicscapacitiesofthecomputerratherthanrelyondrafterstopreparedrawings,theyentertheirowntextratherthanemploytypists,andtheyusethenetworktotrackprojectprogressratherthanconductingmeetings.

Inthefirstparsgraph,theauthorquotesStraussmann'swordsinordertomakeclear______.

A.theimportanceofcommunicativecapabilityinbusiness

B.theneedibrpeopleofhigherpositionsinacompany

C.theimportanceofassigningpeopletoproperpositions

D.thenecessityforpeopleinhigherpositionstoknowinformationscience

32.

Inpolitics,astronautsaregenerally______.

A.democratsB.republicansC.conservativesD.communists

33.

WhatisNOTtrueabouttheeightgirls?

A.Theyareallbetween12and17.

B.Theyhavetriedavarietyofmeasures.

C.Theyattendasuicidesquad.

D.Alltheirattemptstocommitsuicidearevital.

34.(77)

35.

Accordingtothepassage,thesolutionofferedbythetechnicianwas______.

A.effectiveB.economicalC.unpracticalD.unacceptable

36.(67)

37.

Whycouldnotceramicsbeusedwidelyinthepast?

A.Becauseoftheirbrittleness.

B.Becausepeopledidn'tknowhowtousethem.

C.Becausetheywerenotuseful.

D.Becausetheycouldnotresistheat.

38.

______isalongwithmanycomparativelysmallbuildingsoneitherside?

39.

Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'sopinionaboutthewomanattheGlobalSupportCentre?

A.Shesoundedhelpfulandknowledgeable.

B.Shewastheretomakecallersfrustrated.

C.Shewasabletosolvehercomputerproblem.

D.Shewasquicktopassheralongtoatechnician.

40.Itwaslateintheafternoon,andIwasputtingthefinaltouchonapieceofwritingthatIwasfeelingprettygoodabout.Iwantedtosaveit,butmycursorhadfrozen.Itriedtoshutthecomputerdown,anditseizedupaltogether.Unsureofwhatelsetodo,Iyanked(用力猛拉)thebatteryout.

Unfortunately,Windowshadbeeninthemidstofadelicateandcrucialundertaking.Thenextmorning,whenIturnedmycomputerbackon,itinformedmethatafilehadbeencorruptedandWindowswouldnotload.Then,itofferedtorepairitselfbyusingtheWindowsSetupCD.

IopenedthespecialdrawerwhereIkeepCDs,butnoWindowsCDinthere.Iwasforcedtocallthecomputercompany'sGlobalSupportCentre.Mycallwasansweredbyawomaninsomeunnamed,far-offland.IfinditannoyingtomakesmalltalkwithsomeonewhenIdon'tknowwhatcontinentthey'restandingon.SupposeIweretocommentonthebeautifulweatherwe'vebeenhavingwhentherewasamonsoonattheotherendofdiephone?SoIgotrighttothepoint

"Mycomputeristellingmeafileiscorruptedanditwantstofixitself,butIdon'thavetheWindowsSetupCD."

"Soyou'rehavingaproblemwithyourWindowsSetupCD."Shehasapparentlybeendozingand,havingcometojustasthesentenceended,wasattemptingtocoverforherinattention.

Itquicklybecameclearthatthewomanwasnotacomputertechnician.Herjobwastoserveasagatekeeper,ahumanshieldforthetechnicians.Hersoleduty,asfarasIcouldtell,wastoraiseglobalstresslevels.

Tomakemedisappear,thewomangavemethephonenumberforWindows'creator,Microsoft.Thisislikegivingsomeonethephonenumberfor,Idon'tknow,NorthAmerica.Besides,theCDworked;Ijustdidn'thaveit.NomatterhowmanytimesIrepeatedmystory,wecamebacktothesameplace.Shewascalmandresolutelypolite.

Whenmyvoicehitacertaindecibel(分贝),Iwaspassedalong,likeahot,irritablepotato,toatechnician.

"Youdon'thavetheWindowsSetupCD,ma'am,becauseyoudon'tneedit,"heexplainedcheerfully.

"Windowscamepreinstalledonyourcomputer!"

"ButIdoneedit

"Yes,butyoudon'thaveit."Wewentonlikethisforawhile.Finally,heofferedtowalkmethroughtheuseofadifferentCD,onethatwoulderasemyentiresystem."Ofcourse,you'dloseallyoure-mail,yourdocuments,yourphotos."Itwaslikeofferingtodropasafeonmyheadtocuremyheadache."Youmightbeabletorecoverthem,butitwouldbeexpensive."Hesoundeddelighted."Andit'snotcoveredbythewarranty(产品保证书)!"Thesafebegantoseemlikeagoodidea,provideditwasfull.

Ihungupthephoneanddrovemycomputertoasmall,friendlyrepairplaceI'dheardabout.Asmart,helpfulmandugoutaWindowsCDandtoldmeitwouldn'tbeaproblem.Anhourlater,hecalledtoletmeknowitwasready.Ithankedhim,andwechattedabouttheweather,whichwasthesameoutsidemywindowasitwasoutsidehis.

Whydidtheauthorshutdownhercomputerabruptly?

A.Shehadsavedwhatshehadwritten.

B.Shecouldn'tmovethecursor.

C.Thecomputerrefusedtowork.

D.Thecomputerofferedtorepairitself.

四、阅读理解(5题)41.

第

30

题

Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems__________．

42.

第

38

题

3.__________

43.

第

33

题

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________．

44.

第

49

题

enablesplayerstomakeuptheirownstories?__________

45.

第

25

题

WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrue?

参考答案

1.B

2.B

3.B

4.D

5.Teachersnursessecretaries．

6.D

7.C

8.B

9.B

10.B

11.B

12.(In)Asia

13.B

14.A

15.C

16.whichwhich解析：“声誉建立的基础”英语表达为“thefoundationonwhichreputationsarebuilt”，which指代foundations。

17.killingkilling解析：本句意为“通过无控制地使用杀虫剂，人类已经污染了土地，…野生动物。”显然，此空处应填“杀害”，但不能填kill，因为英语中无连词时不可能有两个谓语，故应填killing，killingthewildlife是现在分词做伴随状语。

18.acrossacross解析：getacross意为“使(观点等)被理解或接受，讲清自己的意思”，此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”

19.acrossacross解析：getacross意为“使(观点等)被理解或接受，讲清自己的意思”，此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”

20.takestakes解析：要注意时态，这里意为“占据”，所以所以此处应填“takes”。

21.likelylikely解析：前面所说的thepersonwhoisdown-to-earth与thepersonwhosebothfeetontheground大体是一类人，所以这里表达的意思是“很有可能就是一类人”。belikelytodo就表达了这种意思。故答案为likely。

22.dodo解析：解析见上题，为了避免与前面的know重复，这里可以换做do。故答案为do。

23.ofof解析：beofthesame…意为“是一样…”，此句意为“…在正确的指导下，他们能继续学习，继续通过干许多一样复杂的工作而获得多样性。”

24.muchmuch解析：此空处应为“太多的”。

25.werewere解析：考查被动语态的用法，注意分析句子成分。所以此处应填“were”。

26.A解析：第二段第二句“Mainlybecauseprivatecompanieshavehadlittleincentivetopursueit．”意思是说“私企生产流感疫苗的积极性不高”。接下来作者介绍了制作疫苗的复杂工序，由此可以推断出流感疫苗生产工艺复杂、成本高。第二段又明确指出了私企不愿意生产流感疫苗的其他原因：利润率低、需求不稳定、此外由于流感病毒每年都不同，因此生产数量不能过大，由此也可推断出生产的风险性大，如果生产多了就会损失很大。因此正确答