2022年考研英语综合模拟试题及答案12

20221、Thetimeforthegeneraloffensivewasapproaching.Thecommander’sordersooncame()allciviliansshouldevacuatethevillage.A.whenB.beforeC.asD.that【答案】D2、Thepicture()myschooldaystomymind.A.recalledB.remindedC.rememberedD.recollected【答案】A3、He()havingbeenfrightened.A.acknowledgedB.confessedC.recognizedD.admitted【答案】A4、Please()meonthatsubject.A.enlightenB.acquaintC.informD.instruct【答案】A5、Drivingacarwithoutinsurancecanhave_____consequences.A.uncertainB.disastrousC.PotentialD.unworthy【答案】Bdisastrous.6、Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.A.guiltB.chargeC.blameD.accusation【答案】Cblame.7、Text2AstudypublishedintheInternationalJournalofBusinessAdministrationfoundthatwhatstudentsreadincollegedirectlyeffectsthelevelofwritingtheyachieve.Infact,researchersfoundthatreadingcontentandfrequencymayexertmoresignificantimpactsonstudents'writingabilitythanwritinginstructionandwritingfrequency.Studentswhoreadacademicjournals,literaryfiction,orgeneralnonfictionwrotewithgreatersvntacticSODhistication(morecomDlexsentences)thanthosewhoreadgenrefiction(mysteries,fantasy,orsciencefiction)orexclusivelyweb-basedaggregators.Thehighestscoreswenttothosewhoreadacademicjournals;thelowestscoreswenttothosewhoreliedsotelyonweb-basedcontent.Recentresearchalsorevealedthat"deepreading"-definedasreadingthatisslow,immersive,richinsensorydetailandemotionalandmoralcomplexity-isdistinctivefromlightreading-littlemorethanthedecodingofwords.Deepreadingoccurswhenthelanguageisrichindetail,allusion,andmetaphor,andtapsintothesamebrainregionsthatwouldactivateifthereaderwereexperiencingtheevent.Deepreadingisgreatexerciseforthebrainandhasbeenshowntoincreaseempathy,asthereaderdivesdeeperandaddsreflection,analysis,andpersonalsubtexttowhatisbeingread.Italsoofferswritersawaytoappreciateallthequalitiesthatmakenovelsfascinatingandmeaningful-andtotapintohisabllitytowriteonadeeperlevel.Lightreadingisequatedtowhatonemightreadinonlineblogs,or"headlinenews"or"entertainmentnews"websites,particularlythosethatbreezilyrelyonlistsorpunchyheadlines,andevenoccasionallyuseemojistocommunicate.Thesetypesoflightreadinglackagenuinevoice,aviewpoint,orthesortofanalysesthatmightstimulatethought.It'slightandbreezyreadingthatyoucanskimthroughandwilllikelyforgetwithinminutes.Deepreadingactivatesourbrain'scentersforspeech,vision,andhearing,allofwhichworktogethertohelpusspeak,read,andwrite.ReadingandwritingengagesBroca'sarea,whichenablesustoperceiverhythmandsyntax;Wernicke'sarea,whichimpactsourperceptionofwordsandmeaning;andtheangulargyrus,whichiscentraltoperceptionanduseoflanguage.Theseareasarewiredtogetherbyabandoffibres,andthisinterconnectivitylikelyhelpswritersmimicandsynchronizelanguageandrhythmstheyencounterwhilereading.Yourreadingbrainsensesacadencethataccompaniesmorecomplexwriting,whichyourbrainthenseekstoemulatewhenwriting.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ReadingMoreWillBringYouHigherScoreinWritingB.DeepReadingWillOfferYouMoreBenefitsThanLightReadingC.DeepReadingWillActivateYourBrainandImproveYourWritingD.WhatYouReadMattersMoreThanYouMightThink【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讨论的是深阅读和浅阅读对人的写作和思维的影响，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项中“提高写作分数”在文中没有提到，故A项不正确;文中提到了深阅读比浅阅读好，但B项不能概括阅读带来的更深层次的体验，故B项不正确;C项只是论述了深阅读的好处，但未提及浅阅读，不能全面概括文章意思，故C项不正确。8、WhenAndrewChadwick-Jones,amanagementconsultantwithOliverWymaninLondon,wenttopitchtoaprivate-equityfirmlatelastyear,hel.theusual:about20minutesandabriskattitude.Hewassurprisedtofindtheprivate-equitypeople2explainingtheirstrategy,3introductionstoseniorstaffandbeingmoreopenandfriendly.4moneyanddealsarescarce,they'vegottobenicertoallthepeoplethey5with,incasetheymighthelpbringbusinessinfuture,hesays.Rudenessisout,andcivilityisthenew6inanuncertainworld.OnWallStreet,saysabanker,it'snowallaboutcharmandopennessandtakingtimewithpeople.CockyyoungthingsStTaight7thebestbusinessschoolshavestoppedskippinginterviewappointments,recruiterssay,andthereismuchless8people'sshouldersatdrinksparties,reporisoneveteran.Manypeople,fearfulfortheirjobs,aretryingtoburnishtheircontactsatotherfirms.Thechangeintonealso9anupheavalinthebalanceof10betweencompanies.11thecrisis,saysMichelPretie,headofinvestmentbankingatSocieteGeneraleinParis,hewouldgoandseeaseniorchiefexecutivewithamergers-and-acquisitions12,getinforashort13and,onthewayout,walkpastalineofallhiscompetitors.Now,hesays,"You'reushered14,yougetanhourwiththeCEOandhewalksyoutoyourcar."Duringthiscrisis,whenthereissomuchuncertaintyaboutwhowillend15havingpower,thebest16istobeciviltoeveryone,saysAdamGalinskyoftheKelloggSchoolofManagementatNorthwestemUniversity.Peoplehavemoretimetobe衔endlywhenbusinessis17.Some18thenewcordialityreflectsa19thateveryoneisinthesameboat:whensomefirmshavetofiregoodperformersaswellasbad,nooneissafe.20ifpeopleatdifferentfirmsarebeingnicertoeachother,thingsmaynotbegettinganynicerinsidecompanies.8选?A.lookingintoB.lookingforC.lookingoverD.lookingafter【答案】C【解析】语义搭配题。根据文中句子andthereismuchlesspeople'sshouldersatdrinksparties，reportsoneveteran.(而且，酒会上别人的行为也少了很多了，一位职场老手说。)可知在这里只有C项符合文意，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】根据句意，A项、B项、D项均不符合，故均排除。9、Assoonasthechildrenwere_____,theirmothergotthemoutofbedandintothebathroom.A.wokeB.wakenC.wakeD.awake【答案】Dawake.10、Onthishappyoccasion,I'dliketosaythatweare_____muchobligedtoyouforyourkindcooperation.A.evensoB.eversoC.asyetD.sofar【答案】Beverso.11、Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedtheadmissionofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult()visibleinthebackground.A.particularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarely【答案】B12、Text1WhenIstartedmycareefIwasastonishedbyhowsuperhumansomeFortune500executiveswere.Itseemedtheyweremagicians.Everydecisiontheymadebasedondeepmarketknowledgeandup-to-dateinformation.Howdidtheydoit?Thcyhavemarketingteamsthatcanpullresearchtogetherinhours.Theyhavechiefsofstaffwhogivethemcarefullycrafiedagendasforeveryday.TheseteamsgiveFortune500executiveswhatappearstobcsuper-humanknowledge.Foriunatelyforthoseofuswhodon'thaveFortune500budgetsatourdisposal,it'sgettingeasierandcasiertobuildyourownsecretsupportstaff.Withinfiveyears,mostexecutivesatanysizecompany-and,indeed,mostknowledgeworkers-willhavetoolsthatdomuchoftheworkofaCEO'sprivategroup.Thatis,"Cyborgsystems,"orwhatIcalled"agents".Itwillmakethispossible,usingablendoflearningalgorithmsanddistributedlabortoperformanever-wideningrangeoftasksatlowcost.Withhelpfromtheseagents,we'IIbeabletolookassmariasthoseCEOsdotoday.IgotonetasteofthiswhenIstartedusingWonder.Wonderislikehavingapersonalresearcher,deployingasmallarmyofexperts,includingtrainedlibrarians,todosmall,definedresearchprojectsforme.IaskWonderforhelp.For30to60,Wondersavesmehourseveryweek.Moreandmoreproductsandserviceswillfusemachineintelligencewithcrowdworktohelpusersgetthingsdone.Tobeclear,CEOsupportteamsaren'tgoingaway.Topexecutiveswillcontinuetoseebenefitsfromdedicated,trustedsupportstaffwhocanhandledifficult,urgent,delicatework.Butmachineintelligencesystemscantakeonelementsofwhatthesepeopledoatamuchlowercost,democratizingmanyofthesecapabilities.Granted,thereisgoingtobealotofgarbagebeforewerealizethefullpromiseofthesevirtualsupportarmies.Manyofthemfailtoliveuptoevenbasicpromises,likethisweatherbotthathastroubletellingyouabouttheweather.Butifyoucanfilterthroughthemanynewofferingstofmdvaluabletools,yourworkwillimproveandyoumayevenstarttolooklikethoseCEOswiththeseemingly.Topexecutiveswillcontinuetobenefitfromsupportteamsbecause________.A.theyworkatamuchlowercostB.theycanfulfilltheirpromiseC.theyaremoreintelligentD.theycandealwithemergencysituation【答案】D【解析】事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第六段第一、二句。这两句讲的是CEO的支持团队并不会消失。那些高管会继续从忠诚可信且能够处理困难、紧急、复杂工作的支持团队那里获益。故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项lowercost，第三段中提到大多数人没有足够的budget来雇佣supportteams.可见他们的成本并不低，A项可排除;B项“他们能兑现诺言”，文章第七段第二句话提到许多虚拟支持团队甚至不能完成最基础的承诺，并不是指支持团队兑现诺言，可排除;C项“他们更智能”，文章中提到machineintelligence可以部分取代suppoIlteams，而且成本更低，但没有比较两者谁更智能，所以C项排除。13、Onthishappyoccasion,I'dliketosaythatweare_____muchobligedtoyouforyourkindcooperation.A.evensoB.eversoC.asyetD.sofar【答案】Beverso.14、IfIcorrectsomeone,I'lldoitwithasmuchgoodhumorandself‐restraintasifIweretheone().A.tocorrectB.correctingC.havingcorrectedD.beingcorrected【答案】D15、Lawyersoftenmakehigher_____fortheirworkthantheyshould.A.billsB.chargesC.pricesD.costs【答案】Bcharges.16、Text1InJanuarycommutersvotedBirminghamNewStreetoneofBritain'sworstrailwaystations.Eachdaynearly150.000peoplemovethroughastructurebuiltforhalfasmany.Butbynextyearitwillbetransformed.with400tonnesofundulatingsteelcladdingandavaguelyeyeballappearance.Thestationwillhave"thewowfactor",boastsSirAlbertBore,theleaderofBirminghamcitycouncil.Itwillalsoshowhowmuchattitudestorailwaystationshavechanged.RailxvaystationsarethechiefexceptiontotherulethatBritaininveststoolittleininfrastructure.OftheI7bigterminimanagedbyNetworkRail,theownerofBritain'stracks,11arebeingredevelopedorhaverecentlybeencompleted.Fiveotherstations,includingReadingandNorthampton,arebeingsprucedupbylocalcouncilsandNetworkRail.Somcsimplyneedtobeexpanded:thenumberoftrainjourneyshasrisenby35%since2005.ButthedesignofNewStreetsuggestsaspirationswellbeyondmoreeasefultravel.ThebuildingwouldnotlookoutofplaceinDubaiandisstriking,ifslightlyincongruous,inthegreyWestMidlands.Cityplannerswantedsomethingmonumental,likeGrandCentralstationinNewYork,saysSirBernardZissman,chaimanoftheindependentdesignpaneL"Twentyorthirtyyearsagobusinesspeopleweremorelikelytoarriveinacitybycar,"explainsJonNealeofJonesLangLaSatle,apropertyspecialist.Townplannersdulycarvedoutmotorwaysandroundaboutstoenticethem.In1962alocalpoliticianclaimedthatanewdesignforBirmingham,involvinganinnerringroad,wouldmakeit"oneofthefinestcitycentresinEurope".Citiesnowmeasuretheirappealbytheirstations.Businessesclusteraroundthem:atKing'sCross,aonce-grimypartofnorthLondon,apostcodehasbeencreatedforallthenewbuildingsaroundthestation,whichwasredevelopedin2013.JohnLewis,anupmarketdepartmentstore,willopeninthemallaboveNewStreet(whichisindeedcalled"GrandCentral")alongwith600thershops.Thecouncilhopesitwillpullinvisitorstothecity.Suchambitionrecallsthestationsofthe19thcentury.Thosestructures"spoketothecorporatesensibilityofacity,"saysTristramHunt,anMPandhistorian,bycombiningcommercewiththesheenofcivicpride.ThefirstNewStreetstation,builtin1851,hadthelargestsingle-spanroofinthecountryatthetime.Itwastomdownbyenthusiastic1960stownplanners.Nowsomeofitsoriginallustremayretum.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe______.A.TheNewConceptofRailwayStationB.ABigFailureofRailwayStationC.AFeverishDreamofRailwayStationD.ACitizen'sPlanningofRailwayStation【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。做此类题目时，关键是通过做完其他四道题，大体知道文章的中心，再次通读各段首句，验证中心。本文的思路也很明确，主要是说明伯明翰铁路的改造，给铁路的设计注入新的理念，而与这个信息相匹配的选项为A项TheNewConceptofRailwayStation“新概念下的火车站”，所以A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】虽然其他的三个选项也提到了铁路，但是修饰语都存在问题，特别是B项与主题不相符，因此应当排除。17、Hehasthe_____ofanathlete:hereallygoesallouttowin.A.instantsB.instancesC.instinctsD.intelligences【答案】Cinstincts.18、Howcanwegetthislanguagepoint_____tothestudents.A.downB.roundC.acrossD.into【答案】Cacross.19、Text1RobertaGordonneverthoughtshe'dstillbealiveatage76.Shedefinitelydidn'tthinkshe'dstillbeworking.ButcverySaturday,shegoesdowntothelocalgrocerystoreandhandsoutsamples,earning$50aday,becausesheneedsthemoney.MoreandmoreolderpeoplearefindingthemselvesinasimilarsituationasBabyBoomersreachretirementagewithoutenoughsavingsandashousingcostsandmedicalexpensesrise.Manypeoplereachingretirementagedon'thavetheDensionsthatlotsofworkersinpreviousgenerationsdid,andoftenhavenotputenoughmoneyintotheir401(k)stoliveoffof.Otherworkersdidnothaveaccesstoaretirementplanthroughtheiremployer.Thatmeansthataspeoplereachtheirmid-60s,theyeitherhavetodramaticallycurtailtheirspendingorkeepworkingtosurvive."Thiswillbethefirsttimethatwehavealotofpeoplewhofindthemselvesdownwardlymobileastheygrowolder:'DianeOakley,theexecutivedirectoroftheNationalInstituteonRetirementSecurity,toldme."They'regoingtogofrombeingnearpoortopoor."TheproblemisgrowingasmoreBabyBoomersreachretirementage-between8,000t010,000Americansturn65everyday,accordingtoKevinPrindiville,theexecutivedirectorofjusticeinAging,anonprofitthataddressesseniorpoverty.OlderAmericansweretheonlydemographicforwhompovertyratesincreasedinastatisticallysignificantwaybetween2015and2016,accordingtoCensusBureaudata.Whilepovertyfellamongpeople18andunderandpeople18t064between2015and2016,itroseto14.5percentforpeopleover65,accordingtotheCensusBureau'sSupplementalPovertyMeasure,whichisconsideredamoreaccuratemeasureofpovertybecauseittakesintoaccounthealth-carecostsandotherbigexpenses."Intheearlydecadesofourwork,wewereservingcommunitiesthathadbeenpoorwhentheywereyounger:'Prindivilletoldme."Increasingly,we'reseeingfolkswhoarebecomingpoorforthefirsttimeinoldage."Thispresentsaworryingpreviewofwhatcouldbefallmillionsofworkerswhowillretireinthecomingdecades.Iftoday'sseniorsarestrugglingwithretirementsavings,whatwillbecomeofthepeopleofworkingagetoday,manyofwhomholdunsteadyjobsandhavepatchworkincomesthatleavelittleroomforretirementsavings?Thecurrentwaveofseniorpovertycouldjustbethebeginning.Andthiscouldhavelargerimplicationsfortheeconomy.Iftoday'smiddle-classhouseholdscurtailtheirspendingwhentheyretire,thewholeeconomycouldsuffer.ThepovertyratecitedinParagraph4is______A.preciseB.questionableC.undoubtedD.accountable【答案】A【解析】事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第四段。该段指出，根据人口普查局的补充贫困标准(被认为是衡量贫困的一个更准确的指标，因为它涵盖了医疗费用和其他重大开支)，在2015至2016年间.18岁及以下人口和I8岁至64岁人口的贫困率下降，而65岁以上人口的贫困率上升到14.5%。可知以上数据是精确的，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】根据以上分析.B项“可质疑的”、C项“毋庸置疑的”和D项“可解释的”均不符合文义，故均排除。20、Please()meonthatsubject.A.enlightenB.acquaintC.informD.instruct【答案】A21、Text1"Theloveofmoney",StPaulmemorablywrotetohisprotegeTimothy,"istherootofallevil.""All"maybeputtingitabitstrongly,butdozensofpsychologicalstudieshaveindeedshownthatpeopleprimedtothinkaboutmoneybeforeanexperimentaremorelikelytolie,cheatandstealduringthecourseofthatexperiment.Anotherwell-knownaphorism,ascribedtoBenjaminFranklin,is"timeismoney".Iftrue,thatsuggestsasyllogism:thattheloveoftimeisarootofevil,too.ButapaperjustpublishedinPsychologicalSciencebyFrancescaGinoofHarvardandCassieMogilneroftheUniversityofPennsylvaniasuggestspreciselytheopposite.DrGinoandDrMogilneraskedagroupofvolunteerstodoascriesofwhatappearedtobeaptitudetests.Asisofienthecaseinsuchexperiments,though,whatthevoiunteersweretold.andwhatthetruthwas,wereratherdifferentthings.Inthefirsttesttheywereaskedtomake,withinthreeminutes,asmanycoherentsentencesastheycouldoutofasetofwordstheyhadbeenpresentedwith.Whattheywerenottoldwasthateachofthemhadbeenassignedtooneofthreegroups.Somevolunteers'wordsetswereseededwithonesassociatedwithmoney,suchas"dollars","financing"and"spend".Somewereseededwithwordsassociatedwithtime(eg,"clock",/'hours","moment").Andsomewereseededwithneither.Thusunknowinglyprimed,thevolunteerswerereadyforthesecondtest.Thiswasmathematical.Theyweregivenasheetofpaperwith20matriceswhicheachcontained12numbers.twoofwhichaddeduptoten(forexample,3.81and6.19).Theyhadtowritedown,onaseparateanswersheet,howmanyofthesepairstheycouldmanagetofindinfiveminutes.Theywerealsogivenapacketofmoneyandtoldtheycouldrewardthemselveswithadollarforeachpairtheydiscovered.ThisledDrGinoandDrMogilnertosuspectthatself-reflectionplayedapartincontrollinguncthicalbehaviourduringthetest.Theythereforeconductedathirdtestinwhich,forhalfthevolunteers,therewasamirrorinthecubicletheyweresittinginwhendoingtheexperiment.Volunteersprimedtothinkaboutmoneycheated39%ofthetimewhenamirrorwaspresentbut67%whenitwasnot.Thoseprimedtothinkabouttimecheated32%ofthetimeinthepresenceofthemirrorand36%initsabsence-resultsthatarestatisticallyindistinguishable.Finally,afourthexperimentaskedprimedvolunteerstofillinaquestionnairebeforetacklingthematrix.Inamong"filler"questionsintendedtodisguisewhatwashappeningthisaskedthemtoratehowtheyfeltaboutself-reflectivestatementslike,"Rightnow,1amthinkingaboutwhoIamasaperson."Asintheprevioustests,thoseprimedwithmoneywordscheatedmoreofienthanthoseprimedwithneutralwordsandfarmoreofienthanthoseprimedwithtimewords.Butwhethersomeonecheatedwasalsorelatedtohowstronglyhefeltabouttheself-reflectivestatementspresentedtohiminthequestionnaire.Itseems,then,thatthinkingabouttimehastheoppositeeffectonpeoplefromthinkingaboutmoney.Itmakesthemmorehonestthannormal,ratherthanlessso.Moreover,themorereflectivetheyare,themorehonesttheybecome.Theremustbeanaphorisminthat.Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheconclusionoftheexperimentis——.A.disapprovalB.suspiciousC.supportiveD.certain【答案】C【解析】态度方向题。解决该题目的关键是要找到段落中作者态度的标志，最后一段是作者的最终结论，该段落表明时间观念与金钱观念对人们所产生的影响是截然不同的。由此可见，作者的态度是积极的，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项disapproval“反对”、B项suspicious“怀疑”、D项certain“确定”都不能体现出作者支持的态度。22、Thenumberoftickets_____willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.A.adaptableB.acceptableC.advisableD.available【答案】Davailable.23、Yourhelpis_____forthesuccessoftheproject.A.indispensableB.indicativeC.inevitableD.inherent【答案】Aindispensable.24、Mycameracanbe()totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.A.adaptedB.adjustedC.adoptedD.remedied【答案】B25、Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.A.guiltB.chargeC.blameD.accusation【答案】Cblame.26、[单选题]InJanuarycommutersvotedBirminghamNewStreetoneofBritain'sworstrailwaystations.Eachdaynearly150.000peoplemovethroughastructurebuiltforhalfasmany.Butbynextyearitwillbetransformed.with400tonnesofundulatingsteelcladdingandavaguelyeyeballappearance.Thestationwillhave"thewowfactor",boastsSirAlbertBore,theleaderofBirminghamcitycouncil.Itwillalsoshowhowmuchattitudestorailwaystationshavechanged.RailxvaystationsarethechiefexceptiontotherulethatBritaininveststoolittleininfrastructure.OftheI7bigterminimanagedbyNetworkRail,theownerofBritain'stracks,11arebeingredevelopedorhaverecentlybeencompleted.Fiveotherstations,includingReadingandNorthampton,arebeingsprucedupbylocalcouncilsandNetworkRail.Somcsimplyneedtobeexpanded:thenumberoftrainjourneyshasrisenby35%since2005.ButthedesignofNewStreetsuggestsaspirationswellbeyondmoreeasefultravel.ThebuildingwouldnotlookoutofplaceinDubaiandisstriking,ifslightlyincongruous,inthegreyWestMidlands.Cityplannerswantedsomethingmonumental,likeGrandCentralstationinNewYork,saysSirBernardZissman,chaimanoftheindependentdesignpaneL"Twentyorthirtyyearsagobusinesspeopleweremorelikelytoarriveinacitybycar,"explainsJonNealeofJonesLangLaSatle,apropertyspecialist.Townplannersdulycarvedoutmotorwaysandroundaboutstoenticethem.In1962alocalpoliticianclaimedthatanewdesignforBirmingham,involvinganinnerringroad,wouldmakeit"oneofthefinestcitycentresinEurope".Citiesnowmeasuretheirappealbytheirstations.Businessesclusteraroundthem:atKing'sCross,aonce-grimypartofnorthLondon,apostcodehasbeencreatedforallthenewbuildingsaroundthestation,whichwasredevelopedin2013.JohnLewis,anupmarketdepartmentstore,willopeninthemallaboveNewStreet(whichisindeedcalled"GrandCentral")alongwith600thershops.Thecouncilhopesitwillpullinvisitorstothecity.Suchambitionrecallsthestationsofthe19thcentury.Thosestructures"spoketothecorporatesensibilityofacity,"saysTristramHunt,anMPandhistorian,bycombiningcommercewiththesheenofcivicpride.ThefirstNewStreetstation,builtin1851,hadthelargestsingle-spanroofinthecountryatthetime.Itwastomdownbyenthusiastic1960stownplanners.Nowsomeofitsoriginallustremayretum.WhatusedtobethesituationinBirminghamrailwaystation?A.Abstractvision.B.ThebiggestoneinEngland.C.Steelcladdingstructure.D.OneofthemostcrowdedoneinBritain.【答案】D【解析】事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章的第一段，开头处已经说明了伯明翰火车站是最差的火车站之一，表现为最拥挤，而与这个信息相匹配的选项只有D项OneofthemostcrowdedoneinBritain“英国最拥挤的火车站之一”，题干中的usedto(曾经)是非常关键的题点，做题的时候应当注意.D项是文章的同义改写，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】剩余的三个选项没有体现在第一段和第二段中，是后面的段落描写火车站改造后的样子，与题干中的usedto是相反的表述，因此应当排除。27、Text1Denmarkisonceagaindistinguishingitselfintheraceagainstfoodwaste-thistime,withasupermarkethawkingitemsoncedestinedforthetrashbin.Thoseitemsmightincludetreatsforaholidaythathappenedlastweek,arippedboxofcomflakes,plainwhitericemislabeledasbasmati,oranythingnearingitsexpirationdate.Inotherwords,perfectlyedibleitemsthatarenonethelessconsideredunfitforsalcbytheretailersandmanufacturerswhodonatethem.WeFoodisnotthefirstgrocerinEuropetosellsurplusfood.Butunlikeso-called"socialsupermarkets"-storeswhichservealmosLexclusivelylow-incomepeople-WeFood'sofferingsareveryintentionallyaimedatthegeneralpublic.High-incomefamilieswillalsochooseWeFoodforitsenvironmental-friendlyconception.Thestore'sgoodsarepriced30t050percentlowerthanthoseinregularsupermarkets,accordingtoWeFood.Thestorehasalreadybeenahugesuccess,attractinglargenumbersofcustomers.Peoplehavelinedupbeforethestore'sopeningeverymomingsinceitslaunchonMonday.Butisthisfoodsafetoeat?Safetyisalwaysthefirstconcerncominguptoyourmind.Well,the"sellby"dateyouseeonmanyproductsactuallyreferstoitsfreshness-notwhetherornotit'sgoingtodoyouanyharm.Inmanycases,foodthat'sbeyondthisdatewon'tbeasfreshasitoncewasbutisstillperfectlyedible.Thefoodmighthavenotyetgonebadwhenthe"sellby"dateexpires.Ofcourseyoushouldstillbecarefultoavoideatingfoodthat'sgoneoff,butyoumightfindyoudon'thavetothrowawayasmuchasyouthinkyoudo.Denmarkthrowsawayabout700,000tonsoffoodeveryyear,accordingtoseveralestimates.Infact,foodwasteisamajorproblemforthewholeworld.Some795millionpeopleareundemourishedglobally,accordingtotheWorldFoodProgram.Yetaboutathirdofallfoodproducedintheworld-somel.3billiontons-iswastedeachyear,accordingtotheUnitedNations.Thecostofglobalfoodwastageisabout$1trillionayear.Allofthestore'sproceedswillgotoDanChurchAid'sworkindevelopingnationslikeSouthSudanandBangladesh.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphlthatasupermarketinDenmark——A.recyclesthewastedfoodinsupermarketB.runsacampaignagainstfoodwasteC.donatesfoodtoretailersandmanufacturersD.reusesmislabeledfoodinsupermarket【答案】D【解析】事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第一段。第一段指出丹麦在避免浪费食物方面从各国中脱颖而出，它的一家超市开始出售那些本该扔进垃圾箱的东西。那些东西可能包括上周刚过的一个节日剩下的一些宴飨，外包装破损了的玉米片，标签错贴成印度香米的普通大米，以及任何快到期的食品。只有D项“重新使用超市里贴错标签的食品”最符合原文的意思。【干扰排除】A项，recycles是指旧物利用。在此不存在旧物，而是一些不适合对外销售的食物，所以不正确;B项，文中并未说超市出售被浪费的食品是一项由丹麦发起的反对食物浪费的运动，故B项不正确;C项，原文说的是接受零售商和制造商的捐赠，而非向零售商和制造商捐赠食物，所以不正确。28、Text2Googleor,technically,Alphabet,theholdingcompanythatthefirmestablishedin2015,hasitsfingersinmanyfields.Butthecompany'smainbusiness,whichpaysforallofitsspendingelsewhere,isdigitaladvertising,whichin2017accountedformorethan86%ofitslllbnrevenue.Itmayseemodd,then,thatGoogle′slatestmoveistoaidadblocking.OnFebruary15th,Chrome,itswebbrowser,whichhasa592.9bn)in2017forgivingitsprice-comparisonshoppingservicepreferentialtreatmentinsearchresultsoverrivalofferings.Itwasunclearthatusersofsuchserviceslostoutmuch.ConsumersalsohavelotstogainifChromecanhelpstemtheadonslaught.26.Technicallyspeaking,theauthorwouldagreethatA.GoogleisaholdingcompanythatsetupbyAlphabetin2015.B.Google'sholdingcompanybenefitsfromlotsofbusinesses.C.Google'sbusinessismainlyinthefieldofdigitaladvertising.D.Googlehasgivenupblockingcertainonlineadsrecently.【答案】C【解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到文章第一段。第一段首句提到，谷歌，严格来说，是阿尔法特，这家公司是谷歌于2015年重组后新成立的控股公司，经营范围涉及很多领域，但该公司的主要业务是数字广告业务.C项符合文义，故C项为正确答案。【干扰排除】根据以上分析，阿尔法特是谷歌在2015年重组后新成立的控股公司.A项与文义不符;B项原文未提及;原文提到谷歌的最新举措是帮助用户过滤广告，D项与原文不符。故均排除。29、Text1FromWestVirginiatoArizona,public-schoolteachersareinrevolt.Theyaredemandingbetterpay,andtheydeserveit-solongastheirsalariesaretiedtotheirperformance.It'snotthatU.S.teachersareunderpaid;themedianincomeforthecountry'slmillionhigh-schoolteachers,forexample,ismorethan50percenthigherthanthatofthegeneralpopulation.Butrelativetopeerswithsimilarlevelsofeducation,teachersarefallingbehind.In1994,public-schoolteachersmadeonly2percentlessthancollegegraduatesinotherfields;by2015,thegapwas17percent.CutsinstateeducationbudgetshavemadetheproblemWOfse.Inmorethanhalfofthecountry,aftcradjustingforinflation,averageteachersalarieshavedeclinedsincethestartofthecentury.InWestVirginia,wherepayhasdroppedby8.9percentsince2000,teacherswentonstrikeinlateFebruary,forcingIawmakerstopassa5percentpayincreaseforthenextschoolyear,Teachers'unionsinArizona,OklahomaandKentuckyplansimilarwalkoutsiftheirdemandsaren'tmet.Toavoidsuchanoutcome-whichhurtsstudentsthemost-bothsidesneedtocompromise.Teachersshouldn'thavetoworksecondandthirdjobstomakeendsmeet,asmanysaytheydo,eveninstateswithlowarefiercelydefendedbyteachers'uuions.Buttheyreducethefundsa