Unit 1 Reading and Thinking 知识点-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

LanguagePointsJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.宾语从句Para1宾语从句同位语“过去常常做...”时间状语从句“令人恐惧的”定语从句“变得沮丧”原因状语从句“随着时间的推移”“升迁”rise-rose-risen“照顾；照料”thedesiretodo“做...的愿望”JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholera

spread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Theotherwasthatcholerawas

causedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecond

theory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreak

ofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwo

particularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedin

tendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.

Para2“一般说来”宾语从句后置定语表语从句表语从句“同意;赞同”时间状语从句“袭击；攻击”ahitsongIthitssbthat...很火/热门歌曲“如此...以至于”，结果状语从句宾语从句“下定决心干某事”“因此”某人突然想到JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexact

placeswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.There

weremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpin

BroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,

37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds

(suchas

20and21BroadStreet,and8and9Cambridge

Street)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeople

workedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.They

hadbeengivenfreebeer,

andsohadnotdrunk

thewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthat

thewaterpumpwastoblame.Para3by+doing“通过...方式”定语从句“因而”，连接两个并列的谓语宾语从句JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Whatismore,

inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandher

daughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermoving

awayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuch

thatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnow

wasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehad

thehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,the

diseasewasstoppedinitstracks.

Para3表语从句“似乎...”“havesthdone”宾语从句“因此”目的状语从句havemyhaircuthavemywalletstolenJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.

Para4表语从句“后来”定语从句定语从句定语从句late

迟(到)的later后来latest最新的lately最近地latter后者

ThroughSnow'stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthe

threatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantial

decrease.However,choleraisstill

aproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydie

fromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohn

Snow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformed

thewayscientists

studydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.Para5“不知疲倦的”宾语从句“由于;幸亏”定语从句无生命的名词+see/find/witness...……经历/发生/见证/目睹某事eg.这个城市自

1990年以来发生了巨大的变化。Thecityhasseengreatchangessince1990.1.Isthistheway

youprotecttheendangeredspecies?2.Noonewillsupporttheway____________hementionedatthemeeting.3.TheSmithsarepraisedfor

(他们抚养孩子的方式).（inwhich/that）(that/which)thewaytheybringuptheirchildren

consider“思考”、“考虑”

=thinkabout,

后面可接名词、代词、动名词1、Wemustconsidertheproblemverycarefully.2、WeareconsideringgoingtoHainanfortheSpringFestival.3、Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem.consider“认为”/“以为”/“觉得”

后面多接宾语从句,这时一般不接动名词作宾语Iconsiderthatheisfitforthepositionofthemanager.consider作“认为”之意时,后面还可以接“宾语+宾补”的结构即:consider...(tobe)+名词/形