2015年1月上海静安区高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

静安区2014学年第一学期高三年级教学质量检测2014.122014.12（120分钟完成；总分：150分）第I卷（共103分）GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（A）Thereare101excusesfornotwritingorcallingthemediawhenyouseeunfair,biasedorinaccuratenewscoverage:“Idon,tknowenough”;“I'mtoobusy”；“Mycomputercrashed.”（25）（communicate）withjournalistsmakesadifference.Itdoesnothavetobeperfect;notallletterstojournalistsneedtobeforpublication.Even（26）one-sentence,handwrittennotetoareporter（27）behelpful.Ifyoutakethetimetotypeasubstantiveletter,sendcopiesofittotwoorthreeplaceswithinthemediaoutlet-perhapstothereporter,hisorhereditor,aswellastotheletters-to-the-editordepartment.Ifmediaoutletsgetlettersfromadozenpeople（28）（raise）thesameissue,theywillmostlikelypublishoneortwoofthem.Soevenifyourletter（29）（notget）intoprint,itmayhelpanotheronewithasimilarpointofviewgetpublished.Surveysofnewspaperreadersshowthattheletterspageisamongthemostcloselyreadpartsofthepaper.It,salsothepagepolicy-makerslooktoasabarometerofpublicopinion.（30）youwritetojournalists,befactual,notrhetorical（带修辞色彩的）.Donotpersonallyattackthem;that,smorelikelytoconvincethemthatthey,reintheright.Addresstheminthelanguagethatmostjournalists（31）（train）tounderstand.Callonthemtoberesponsible,professional,balancedandinclusiveofdiversesourcesandviewpoints.Letters（32）areintendedforpublicationshouldusuallybedraftedmorecarefully.（B）WestminsterAbbey,thegothicchurch,standsintheheartofmodernLondonoverlookingtheRiverThamesandHousesofParliament.Itstartedasasmallmonastery（修道院），（33）（found）intheyear960byKingEdgar,butsoonbecameoneofthemostimportantchurchesinthekingdom.KingEdgarwasthefirstmonarch（34）（bury）therein1065.Inthemid13thCentury,KingHenryIIIdecidedtorebuilditasagreatgothiccathedraltorival（与 相匹敌）（35）in第1页共9页France.Allmonarchshavebeencrownedthere(36)WilliamtheConquerorin1066,andmanymonarchshavemarriedintheAbbey,(37)(recently)PrinceWilliamandCatherineMiddleton.ButWestminsterAbbeyisn,tjustaboutroyalty.ManyofthegreatestpeopleinBritishhistoryareburiedorcommemoratedthere-artists,scientists,thinkers-thereisn,tevena“poet,scorner”builtup(38)thegraveof14th-centurypoetGeoffreyChaucer.WestminsterAbbeytellsthestoryofordinaryBritishpeopletoo.PartsoftheAbbeyweredestroyedinboomingraids(空袭)duringWorldWarII(39)serviceswentonthroughoutthewar.OnMay8,1945,theV-E(VictoryinEurope)Day,athanksgivingservicewasheldthere.WestminsterAbbeystoodforcourageandBritishspirit.(40)youarenotaChristian,itisimpossiblenottofeelasenseofsomethingotherworldly(超脱尘俗地)whenyouenterWestminsterAbbey-andthatgoesfortourists,ordinaryLondoners,orstudentsgettingreadyforanotherFridayatschool.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.magicalB.culturalC.meetsD.builtE.strongF.damagedG.entranceH.viewsI.calendarJ.rankedK.litAlongredbridgestretchesoutacrosswater.ItrunsacrosstheGoldenGate.Thisisnotthe_41—tosomesacredland,butitisjustas_42—.TheGoldenGateiswhereSanFranciscoBay_43—thePacificOcean,andatnightthesceneofthebridge_44—upoverthewatertakesyourbreathaway.WelcometoSanFrancisco,aplacefamousforitsbeautifulparks,hillystreetsandlovelybeaches.Butthebridgeisundoubtedlythemostwell-knownsymbolofthecity.Beforeitscompletionin1937,thebridgewasconsideredimpossibletobuildbecauseofthefoggyweather,powerfulwinds,and_45—oceancurrentsinthecity.However,despitethedifficultconditions,thebridgewasbuiltinnomorethanfouryears.Itstotallengthisnearly2kilometers.SanFrancisco_46—firstonLonelyPlanet，slistofthebestcitiestovisitin2013.Accordingtotheworld,slargesttravelpublisher,itcametopasaresultofits_47—mix.AccordingtotheUS2010census(人口普查)，21percentofthecity,spopulationwasmadeupofChinesepeople.SanFrancisco'sChinatownisthelargestoutsideofAsiaandtheoldestinNorthAmerica.Twotraditionalfestivals,theSpringFestivalandMid-AutumnFestival,arethebiggesteventsoftheyearonthecity,s_48—.IfyellowcabsareakeypartofNewYorkcitylife,thenthecablecarisSanFrancisco,sequivalent.Thefirstcablecarcameintopublicservicein1873,andtheslowandnoisyvehiclehasbeenasymbolofthecityeversince.Thecablecarnetworkwasonce_49—byaseriousearthquakebut,luckily,ithasnowrecoveredandprovidesbetter_50—thanthesubway.ReadingComprehensionSectionA第2页共9页Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Itisoneofthemostterrifyingmomentsforanyurbancyclists:thefirsttimeahuge,high-sidedconstructiontrucklumbersalongside,thedriver_51—withintheirhighcab（驾驶室）.Nowaleadingcyclinggrouphopesithas_52—withasolution—thecyclist-friendlylorry.Thedraftdesign,tobeunveiled（揭幕）onWednesdaybytheLondonCyclingCampaign,reducestheoverallheightofthelorry,—53—thedrivingposition,andgreatly_54—thesidewindowsofthecab,stretchingthemasclosetoroadlevelaspossible.—55—driversofthetraditionallorryhavetorelyon—56—andsensorstospotcyclistsorpedestriansclosetothefrontoffsideofthevehicle,iftheycandetectthematall,thenewdesignallbut_57—thisblindspot.Itisundoubtedlyabig_58—,especiallyinLondon,wherelorriesformabout5%ofvehicletraffic—59—areresponsibleforabouthalfofallcyclistdeaths,withalarge_60—oftheseinvolvingconstructionlorries,oftenturningleftintoacyclist.In2011,ofthe16cyclistdeathsinLondon,nineinvolvedlorries,ofwhichsevenwereconstructionvehicles.IfelementsoftheLondonCyclingCampaign’sdesignlookfamiliarthatis_61—theyarealreadyinuse—many_62—rubbishlorriesalreadyfeaturelow-silledglassdoors,allowingthedriverstolookoutforbothstaff_63—binsandotherpedestrians.Thisdemonstratedhowconstructioncompaniescouldchangeiftheywantedto.Astudy_64—lastmonthbyTransportforLondonsaidconstructiontrucksweredisproportionately（不成比率地）involvedincyclistaccidentsandrecommended_65—suchasgivingdriversdeliveringgoodstobuildingsitesmorerealistictimeslotstoavoidthembeingtemptedintorecklessness.51.A.inaccessibleB.inconvenientC.invisibleD.inexact52.A.breakawayB.putdownC.comeupD.getalong53.A.totallyB.especiallyC.generallyD.probably54.A.strengthensB.extendsC.increasesD.improves55.A.WhileB.SinceC.HoweverD.Before56.A.windowsB.drawersC.carriagesD.mirrors57.A.calculatesB.disapprovesC.implementsD.eliminates58.A.solutionB.methodC.issueD.highlight59.A.soB.orC.butD.and60.A.dealB.numberC.amountD.burden61.A.becauseB.untilC.unlessD.whether62.A.realisticB.domesticC.academicD.traffic63.A.participatingB.associatingC.assemblingD.collecting64.A.releasedB.reflectedC.motivatedD.hunted65.A.differencesB.problemsC.factorsD.measures第3页共9页SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)OnOctober24,1929—“BlackThursday”—awaveofpanicsellingofstocksswepttheNewYorkStockExchange.TheGreatDepressionbegan.By1932,thousandsofbanksandbusinesseshadfailed.Industrialproductionwascutinhalf,farmincomehadfallenbymorethanhalf,wageshaddecreased60percent,newinvestmentwasdown90percentandoneoutofeveryfourworkerswasunemployed.TheRepublicanpresident,HerbertHooverwasunabletotakemeasurestodealwiththeeconomiccollapse.Sointhe1932election,hewasdefeatedbyDemocratFranklinD.Roosevelt,whopromised“aNewDealfortheAmericanpeople”.Withinthe“HundredDays”,RooseveltrushedthroughCongressanumberoflawstoaidtherecoveryoftheeconomy.TheCivilianConservationCorpsputyoungmentoworkinreforestationandflood.TheFederalEmergencyReliefAdministrationaidedstateandlocalrelieffunds.TheAgriculturalAdjustmentAdministrationpaidfarmerstoreduceproduction,thusraisingcropprices.TheTennesseeValleyAuthoritybuiltanetworkofdamsintheTennesseeRiverareatogenerateelectricity,controlfloodsandmanufacturefertilizer.TheNationalRecoveryAdministrationregulatedfaircompetitionamongbusinessesandensuredbargainingrightsandminimumwagesforworkers.TheSocialSecurityActof1935establishedcontributoryoldageandsurvivors’pensions,aswellasajointfederalstateprogramofunemploymentinsurance.TheWorkProgressAdministrationwasoneofthemosteffectiveoftheNewDealmeasures.Financedbytaxescollectedbythefederalgovernment,theWPAcreatedmillionsofjobsbyundertakingtheconstructionofroads,bridges,airportsandotherpublicbuildings.Itkeptworkersinthejob,thuspreservingtheirskillsandtheirself-respect.TheNewDealprogramsdidnotendtheDepression.Buttheeconomyimprovedasaresultofthisprogramofgovernmentintervention.Accordingtothepassage,“BlackThursday”istheday.A.ofsellingstocks B.ofreducingindustrialproductionC.theGreatDepressionbegan D.theNewDealwasimplementedTheNewDealisanumberoflaws.tomakeyoungpeopleplanttreesandbuilddamstoaidstateandlocalrelieffundstodealwithworkerstodealwitheconomicproblemsTheWPAwasaneffectivemeasurebecause.itprovidedworkersjobsofbuildingroadsandairportsitpreservedworkers,skillandself-respectitprovidedfinancialaidstoworkers第4页共9页itensuredworkers,minimumwagesRooseveltmadehisNewDealprogramseffectivethrough.A.hispresidentialpower B.governmenttaxationC.congressreputation D.governmentintervention(B)COURSE: History101“IntroductiontoAmericanHistory”INSTRUCTOR: Dr,JaneKlammerOFFICE: 305MarshallHallOFFICEHOURS:11:15〜12:30MWF(MondayWednesdayFriday)CLASS: 363MarshallHall3:35~5:00TTh(TuesdayThursday)10:10~11:00MWFOthertimesbyappointmentTELEPHONE: 255-4786dStatesTEXTBOOK: Green,RobertP,TheAmericanTradition:AHistoryoftheUnitedStatesCharlesE.MerrillpublishingCo.Columbus,Ohio1984,whichisavailableattheCollegeBookstore.COURSERequirements:mid-termexam: October1020%ofthefinalgradefinalexam: December1040%ofthefinalgradetermpaperdue: December1540%ofthefinalgradeAttendanceisnotrequired,butyouareresponsibleforalltheinformationgivenintheclasslectures.InthelecturesIwilltalkaboutthechaptersinthetextbookandothermaterialthatIchoosetosupplementthecourse.Theexamswillcoverallthisinformation.Therefore,Iadviseyoutocometotheclassasmuchaspossible.Ifyouhavetomissaclass,besuretogettheclassnotesfromanotherstudent.Yourhomeworkassignmentsarelistedonthenextpage.YouaresupposedtoreadthechapteraboutwhichIwillbelecturingbeforeyoucometoclass.Thisistomakesurethatyouunderstandasmuchaspossiblewhiletakingnotesinmylectures.Bepreparedwhenyoucometoclass.Ifthereareanychangesintheassignedhomeworkreading,Iwillannounceinclass.Thetermpaperis40%ofyourfinalgrade.Itshouldnotexceedfifteenpages.(Anyonethinkingofmajoringinhistorymaywritetwenty-fivepages.)Beforethemid-termexamyouwillchoosethetopicforyourpaper.Haveagoodterm!Ifastudentwantstoknowwhatthehomeworkassignmentsare,Prof.KlammerannouncestheminclassthestudentreadsthelistonthenextpageProf.Klammergivesalisteveryweek第5页共9页D.thestudentgoestotheprofessor,sofficeAstudentwhowouldliketoattendthecoursebyProf.Klammerhastostayin363MarshallHallfrom11:15to12:30onMonday,WednesdayandFridayfrom10:10to11:00onTuesdayandThursdayfrom3:35to5:00onMonday,WednesdayandFridayfrom3:35to5:00onTuesdayandThursdayAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?ThetextbookiswrittenbyDr.JaneKlammer.Ifyouhavetomissaclass,besuretosaysorrytoProf.Klammer.Thestudentscanbuy“IntroductiontoAmericanHistory”attheCollegeBookstore.Prof.Klammeradvisesherstudentstotakenotesinherclass.Ifafreshmanthinksthathemightmajorinhistory,whatisthemaximumlengthofhispapercanbe?A.Fifteenpages. B.Twenty-fivepages.C.Tenpages. D.Nomaximum.(C)OnDecember14,NASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpace)blastedasmallbutmightytelescopeintospace.ThetelescopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don'tletitssmallsizefoolyou:WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjectsintheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxiesandgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsareborn."I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaven'tseenbefore,"saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEproject.Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEtelescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit(thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap(一圈).Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.ThepicturestakenbyWISEwon'tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsfor"Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer."Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation(红外线辐射).Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthefamiliarspectrumofLight%谱)thatbecomesvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleofradiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexample,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.Whenthese第6页共9页wavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,they'reprocessedbythecamera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.That'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsothertelescopescan't.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace-buttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydon'treflectlight,sotheyaredifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredtelescopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.Browndwarfs（褐矮星）areanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare"failed"stars—whichmeanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstartthesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimthatthey'realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.WhatissospecialaboutWISE?Itsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownspace.Itisassmallasatrashcan.Itissmallinsizebutcarriesalargecamera.Neverbeforehasatelescopecarriedadigitalcamerainspace.ThecameraonWISE.isnotdifferentfromanordinarycameradoesnotseeinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoesreflectslightthathumaneyescanseecatchestheinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoesnotWhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectabout"asteroids"accordingtoparagraph7?Asteroidsdonotreflectlightthatreachesthem.Asteroidsfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisiblelight.Itisdifficulttotakeasteroids'picturesbyordinarycameras.TheWISEtelescopecantakepicturesofasteroids.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?Browndwarfsgiveoffvisiblelight.Browndwarfsarepowerstarslikethesun.Browndwarfsgiveoffinfraredradiation.BrowndwarfsareimpossibletoseewiththeWISEtelescope.第7页共9页SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.FromboytomanGrowingupon-screenforadecadeasHarryPotter,22-year-oldDanielRadellifhashadtodealwithtypecasting（角色定位）hiswholecareer.However,inanewreleasecalledThewomaninBlack,thesuccessfulchildactorfinallyescapesJ.K.Rowling,sherobytakingontheleadroleinaclassicghoststory.Themovie,whichhitChinesecinemasonSept.20,tellsthetaleofawidowedlawyernamedArthurKipps（Radcliffe）whoissenttoaremotevillageinthenorthofEnglandforalateclient’saffairs.There,hediscoversthetown,stragicpast—childrendieaftertheyseeamysteriouswomandressedinblack.Toclearthingsup,hedecidestostayaloneinanoldhouse,whichiscompletelycutofffromthemainlandathightide.Hisfearsgrowwhenheseesawomaninblacklookingathimfromthewindowandhearsthesoundofaponyandtrapindifficulty,followedbythescreamsofayoungchild.Kippsdecideshemustfindawaytobreakthecycleofhorrorafterhissonisthreatenedbythemysteriouswoman.Thestorypullsouteveryold,darkhousecliche（老套路）going:demonic（恶魔的）dolls,rockingchairs,andtheghostlyblack-cloakedwomanherself.However,ithasbecomeoneofthisyear,sbiggestboxofficewinnersintheUK