2022-2023学年江苏省盐城市重点中学高三（上）期末考试英语试卷及答案解析

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江苏省盐城市重点中学高三（上）期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AOnthe100thanniversaryoftheCommunistPartyofChina,redtourismhasgainedpopularityamongtouristswhofoodintovisithistoricsiteswithamodernrevolutionaryheritage.

Jinggangshan

ThisisoneofthemostcrucialandsplendidchaptersofhistoryofestablishingRedChinaaswellauniqueandwonderfulecosystem,whichiscoveredwithrichforest,roughpeaksandseveralmemorialstotheRedAmy.ThebesttimetovisitisbetweenAprilandOctober,withthemosttemperaturetimingAprilandMaywhenthelargeazaleas（杜鹃花）bloom.

Open：8：00-17：00（February16November15），9：00-16：30（November16-February15）

Xibaipo

ItisanoldrevolutionarybasewheretheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasstationed,drawinguptheblueprint（蓝图）foranewcountry.Amemorialhallwasbuilttohonorthememoryofthissite.Thelakeandthehillhereaddbrillianceandbeautytoeachotherandformpleasantscenery.

Open：TuesdaystoSundays9：30-17：00（XibaipoMemorialHall）

TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall

Anewexhibitionisheldwithupdateddisplayapproaches,includingphantom（幻影）imagingandoilpainting,whichareusedtoimprovevisitors'experiences.TheexhibitionshowsfourstagesofCPC（theCommunistPartyofChina）fromitsestablishmenttoitsachievements.

Open：TuesdaystoSundays8：30-18：00，closedonMondays（exceptlegalholidays）

FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth

NewYouthstartedtheNewCultureMovementandspreadtheinfluenceoftheMayFourthMovement.ThesitewastentativelybasedinBeijingbutmovedbacktoShanghaiin1920andalsoservedastheofficefortheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommitteeinthe1920s.

Open：ThursdaystoTuesdays9：00-11：30：13：3016：30（closedonWednesdays）1.WhencantouristsvisitJinggangshan？______A.At5p.m.onJanuary18. B.At8a.m.onMarch18.

C.At5a.m.onSeptember18. D.At8a.m.onNovember18.2.WherecouldvisitorslearnaboutfourstagesoftheCommunistPartyofChina？______A.Jinggangshan.

B.TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall.

C.Xibaipo.

D.FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNeroYouth.3.WhatdoweknowaboutFormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth？______A.NewYouthstartedtheMayFourthMovement.

B.NewYouthmadetheNewCultureMovementsuccessful.

C.ThesiteactedastheofficefortheCommunistPartyofChinain1920.

D.NewYouthwasoriginallyfoundedinShanghai.BHisinterestinChineselanguageandcharactersdatesfrom1972，whenRichardSears，wasa22-year-oldphysicsmajoratPortlandStateUniversityinOregon.ToSears，thecharacterswerecomplexwithmanystrokes（笔画）andalmostnoapparentlogic.ButwhenhecouldgetanexplanationofaChinesecharacter'soriginalmeaningandaninterpretationofitspictographs（象形文字），itwouldsuddenlybecomeapparenthowallthestrokeshadcometobe."I'maphysicist，soIdon'tlikeblindmemorization.IknewthatChinesecharacterscamefrompictographsandIwantedtoknowthestoriesbehindtheChinesecharacters."

Ashestudied，Searsfoundthatmanyoftheexplanationswereconflictingandeventheexpertswereatodds.Hedecidedtocomputerizethecharacters，sothathecouldseparategoodopinionsfrombadones.Hescannedabout96，000ancientcharactersandestablishedthedatabaseofthem.

In2002hegothiswebsiteupandnameditChineseEtymology，wherevisitorscancheckforfreethedevelopmentofChinesecharactersinvariousforms，fromtheoriginalpictographstothemodernsimplifiedforms.Theclickstothewebsitewentupto600，000inoneday.OvernighthebecameAmericanUncleHanzi，anickname（绰号）givenbyChinesenetizens.

Besides，hehasexplainedtheoriginof15，000moderncharacters.Forexample，thecharacterjia（home）hasarooftopandapigunderneath.InsouthernChinawhereitrainsalot，peopleputtheirhousesonstilts（木桩），soifitflooded，theinsideofthehousewouldnotgetwet.So，thepigsliveunderneaththehouse.

Lastyear，SearssetuphisstudioinNanjingthatfocusesonapplyingAR，animation（动画）andartificialintelligencetotellstoriesofChinesecultureandcharacterorigins.Hehasmadeover60suchvideosinEnglishwithChinesesubtitlesforBilibili，avideowebsite."Theyhavebothentertainmentandeducationalvalue，"hesays.

Inthemeantime，Searshasbeenupdatingthedatabase."Myphilosophyishuodaolaoxuedaolao."4.AccordingtoParagraph1，whydidSearswanttoknowthestoriesbehindtheChinesecharacters？______A.TomakehislifeinChinamucheasier.

B.TobecomeanexpertatChinesecharacters.

C.TomemorizeChinesecharactersmoreeasily.

D.Tosolvesomerelatedproblemsinphysics.5.WhatinspiredSearstocomputerizethecharacters？______A.Expertsholddifferentviewstowardssomecontradictoryexplanations.

B.Hisdatabasewasunderattackbecausehescannedsomanycharacters.

C.Hehadnodifficultyseparatinggoodopinionsfrombadonesabouttheexplanations.

D.Manyoftheexplanationswereoutofdateandcouldn'tclarifythestoriesbehind.6.WhatdidSearsdototellthestoriesbehindtheChinesecharacters？______A.HeestablishedadatabaseforalltheancientChinesecharacters.

B.HebuiltawebsiteaboutthedevelopmentofChinesecharacters'forms.

C.Heillustratedthestructuresof15，000modernChinesecharacters.

D.HesetupastudiotomakevideosaboutthestoriesofChinesehistory.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.Chinesecharacterscatchingtheworld'swideattention.

B.AChinesecharacterwebsiteestablishedbyanAmerican.

C.Thesecrettolanguagelearning-long-lastinginterest.

D.AmericanUncleHanzidevotedtoChinesecharacters.CAtsomepointinelementaryschool，yourscienceteachermayexplainedtoyouthatthereare365daysinayearbecausethat'showlongittakesforEarthtocompleteonefulljourneyaroundthesun.Whattheymightnothaveexplained，however，isthatit'snotexactly365days-it'sactuallycloserto365.2421days.

So，ifwewantourcalendaryeartobeginrightwhenEarthbeginsanewturnaroundthesun，wehavetoaccountforroughlyanextraquarterofadayeachyear，oronedayeveryfouryears.HreportsthattheEgyptianshadalreadybeendoingthisforawhilebeforeEuropefinallycaughtonin46BC，whenRomanEmperorJuliusCaesarandastronomerSosigenesputtheirheadstogethertocomeupwithwhatwenowcalltheJuliancalendar，whichincludes12months，365days，andanadditional"leapday"everyfouryearsonFebruary29.

Butrounding0.2421upto0.25eachyearcreatedanissue，becauseitdidn'tquiteadduptoafulldayeveryfouryears-andthattinydifferencemeantthatafter128years，thecalendaryearendedupstartingadaybeforeEarthhadcompleteditsjourneyaroundthesun.Bythe14thcentury，thecalendaryearwasstarting10daysbeforeEarthfinisheditsorbit.

In1582，PopeGregoryXⅢsoughttocorrecttheerrorbysuggestingthatwesimplyskipaleapdayeverysooften.HisGregoriancalendar，whichwestillusetoday，rulesthatweskiptheleapdayduringyearswhichcanbeevenlydivided（被整除）by100butnotby400.Forinstance，theyear2000includedaleapdaybecauseitcanbedividedby100and400；theyear2100，ontheotherhand，willnotincludealeapday，sinceit'sevenlydividedby100，butnotby400.

GregoryXⅢ'scorrectiontoCaesar'sovercorrectionisitselfabitofanunder-correction，sowe'llprobablyneedtoreevaluateourleapdaydesignagaininabout10，000years.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"puttheirheadstogether"inparagraph2mean？______A.Comeacrosseachother. B.Bumptheirheadstogether.

C.Competeagainsteachother. D.Combinetheirefforts.9.AccordingtoGregoriancalendar，whichyearmayincludealeapday？______A.2100. B.1600. C.1800. D.2020.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.EmperorJuliusCaesarwasalsoanastronomer.

B.Today'scalendarexactlyagreeswiththesun'sturning.

C.The10-dayearlystartincalendarwillalwaysexist.

D.TheGregoriancalendarisnotyetthemostaccurate.11.What'sthepurposeofthispassage？______A.Topointoutamistakemadebyyourscienceteacher.

B.ToexplainhowlongEarthmakesatriparoundthesun.

C.Toexplainindetailwhytheleapdayisneeded.

D.Toexplainthereasonwhyweneedacalendar.DIt'sbeensaidthatlifeturnsonsmallthings.Sometimesit'shardtoseehowsmallchoicescanchangeyourlife.Butwhenputtogetherovertime，thelittlethingscanmakethebiggestdifference.

ThethemeofSuccessforTeensis"LittleThingsMatter".Thebookhelpsteensidentifysmall，positivechoicestheycanmakeintheirlivestohelpthemreachtheirgoals.Lotsofteensdon'trealizehowthelittlechoicesintheirlivescanhavelastingeffects.Oftentheyfocusonthebiggerevents，suchasamajorexam，abiggameorcompetition，orchoosingacollege.Thelittlethings，however，cangounnoticedunlessyourteenunderstandshowimportanttheycanbe.

Thelittlethingsthatleadtosuccessaremostlyeasytodo.Helpyourteenidentifyafewareasineverydaylifewhereheorshecanmakesmall，positivechoices.Itmightbeassimpleasgettingupontime，prioritizing（按重要性排列）theirschoolwork，puttinginanextra10minutesofpracticeorusingsomesparetimetohelpsomeoneelse.

Nineteen-year-oldKyleFreasusedtobeonhisschoolbaseballteamandwouldplayeverydayafterschool.Whentheseasonwasover，hehadanemptythreehoursaday，sohestartedspendingonethirdofsuchextratimedailylookingforwaystohelpotherkids.Overthepastfewyears，hisprojecthasraisedthousandsofdollarstohelpabused，homelessandsickchildren.Kylespentjustalittletimeeachdaydoingsomethingthatendedupbenefitingalotofkids.TheimportantthingtounderstandisthatKylemadethesmallandpositivedecisionsnecessaryforsuccess.Makesureyourchildunderstandsthateventhoughtheresultsofthepositivechoicesmaynotbeseenrightaway，theyarebuildingoneachotherandtakinghimorheronapaththatwillleadtosuccess.12.Thetextismostprobablyintendedfor______.A.teenagers B.parents C.pupils D.teachers13.WecanlearnfromParagraph2that______.A.dealingwithbigeventsisthemostimportantinone'slife

B.littlechoicesseldomhavelastingeffectsonone'slife

C.teensshouldtrytofocustheirattentiononbigchoices

D.manyteensfailtorealizetheimportanceoflittlechoices14.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeKyleFreas？______A.Kind-hearted. B.Creative.

C.Naughty. D.Self-confident.15.Thewritermainlydiscussedtherelationshipbetween______A.littlechoicesandbigchoices

B.teens'goalsandtheiractions

C.positiveandnegativedecisions

D.smallpositivechoicesandsuccess二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Everyday，alotofpeoplemovehouse.Withanewfoundappreciationforspaceandair，itmaysuddenlyhaveseemedasifanewkindoflifewaspossible.(1)Here'ssomeexpertadviceonhowtobuildanewcommunity.

(2)Askpeopleyoualreadyknowiftheycouldintroduceyoutoanyoneinthelocationtowhichyouaremoving.Postingonsocialmediaisprobablytheeasiestwaytotapyourfriends'friends.Itincreasesthechancethatthere'ssomeoneyouwillgetalongwith.

Don'texpectfriendstomagicallyappear

(3)Peoplereallyneedtotaketheinitiativetogooutthereandmeetpeopleandnotassumethatfriendsarejustgoingtofallintotheirlives.Aspeoplebecomefamiliartous，welikethemmore，andit'scompletelyunconscious.

Beopentoabroaderrangeofpeople

Youhavespentalifetimenarrowingyoursocialcircletothoseyoureallycareabout，butchancesareyou'renotgoingtomeetnewbestfriendsinyournewareainstantly.Whenitcomestofriendships，havingclosefriendsisoneofthebestthingswecandoforourhealthandwellbeing.Butevenhavingbriefinteractionswithpeopleingeneralbenefitsus.(4)

Don'tdespair

Remembertomaintainpre-existingfriendships，sothatyou'renotfeelinglonelyanddisconnectedwhiledevelopingnewrelationships.(5)Butpeopledon'trealizethatiftheyputthemselvesoutthere，theprocesscangofasterthantheythink.Itreallymakesadifferenceifyou'rewillingtoattenddifferentevents；youcanreallychangeyoursociallife.

A.Makeapublicappeal.

B.Putsomeworkinbeforeyoumove.

C.Qualityisbest，butquantitystilldoessomething.

D.Itcantakealongtimetobuildupnewfriendships.

E.Butnowthepandemichasmadeithardertoconnectwithstrangers.

F.Itdoesn'tnecessarilymeanyoumadethewrongdecisioninmoving.

G.Wetendtothinkfriendshipshappennaturallyandthat'sahugemisconception.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

Aftertenyearsinthesamecompany,Ifoundmyjobwasnolongerfun.However,Ididn'thavetheconfidencetoapplyfornewjobsduetolackofexperience.Ifelt

(21)

.

Afriendsuggestedanotherpath—

(22)

.Ihadtoyedwiththeideaofstudyingforamaster'sdegreebut

(23)

stoodinmyway.YetIfoundacourseatLondonCollegeofCommunication,

(24)

myjobandenrolled(入学).

Duringthe18monthsthatfollowed,Ibegantoflourish(苗壮成长).NotonlyhadIfoundthecouragetotakemy

(25)

forwardinanew,excitingdirection,buttheself-doubtthathadfollowedmearoundlikea

(26)

begantodisappeargradually.MyclassmatesandItreatedeachotheras

(27)

:youngerstudents

(28)

myexperienceandknowledgewhenitcametogroupwork.Imadenewfriendsandjoinedcommittee.

Ialsodecidedtomoveoutofhome.Livinginstudenthallswasa(n)

(29)

.

Thehallslifeaddedtomysenseof

(30)

and,withit,confidence.Iwas

(31)

newthingseveryday.Evenmakingmyselfamealor

(32)

mysmalllivingspacefeltrewarding.

Soonaftercompletingmymaster's,Imademywaybackthroughtheuniversitygates—thistimeto

(33)

.IamnowalectureronthesamecoursethatItook.I

(34)

thepersonIwasbeforeandsmile—shedidn'tyetknowher

(35)

.21.

A.guilty B.stuck C.relieved D.shallow22.

A.communication B.management C.education D.employment23.

A.self-doubt B.poverty C.health D.marriage24.

A.lost B.did C.quit D.switched25.

A.wealth B.interest C.belief D.life26.

A.shadow B.fire C.dream D.rainbow27.

A.opponents B.equals C.strangers D.servants28.

A.valued B.questioned C.ignored D.polished29.

A.embarrassment B.experience C.mess D.failure30.

A.freedom B.safety C.justice D.independence31.

A.copying B.missing C.learning D.ordering32.

A.expanding B.occupying C.deserting D.managing33.

A.visit B.teach C.exercise D.interview34.

A.lookbackon B.keepawayfrom C.catchupwith D.holdonto35.

A.image B.worth C.duty D.career四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Thedogwasclearlyontheroadforsometime.Hewasextremelyunder（1）______（weigh）.Hewascoveredinscarsandnewwounds.Weguessedthatsomeofthescarswereleft（2）______hewasontheroadandhehadpossiblefightswithcoyotes（丛林狼），buthealsolookedasthoughhewasusedtofightingotherdogs.Wefiguredhis（3）______（incredible）sweetpersonalitywasthereasonwhyhe（4）______（abandon）.Hecouldn'thavebeenagoodfightingdog.

Consequently，wefedhimalot（5）______thecourseofthenexttwoweeksandhegainedovertwentypounds.Wetookhimtotheveterinarian，（6）______saidthedogappearstobeingoodhealth，（7）______hisbeingabandoned.Thevetguessedthedogisabouttwoorthreeyearsofage，fromtheconditionofhisteeth.Thevetgavehimallthe（8）______（require）shotsandsentusonourway.

Wedolovethisdog.Hehasobviouslybeenmistreatedandyet，heisstillsoverysweet.Hehadnomanners，butheisaquicklearner.Henolongertriestogetonthebed，buthedoeslikestinginoneofthe（9）______（fold）chairs.

Sincethen，he（10）______（be）amemberofourfamily.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.如今，许多人浪费粮食，针对这种行为世界各地发起了光盘行动。假设你学校英语俱乐部社长李华，请你写一篇英语广播稿，向全体同学发出倡议。内容

包括：

（1）粮食浪费的一些行为；

（2）粮食浪费导致的危害；

（3）发出倡议。

注意：

（1）词数80左右；

（2）文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数；

（3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dearstudents，

_______

Thankyouforlistening.38.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

WhenMicahwasachild，Iusedtodomanythingswithher.Later，Igotpromotedandwasalwaysonconstantbusinessholidays.3years'devotiontoworkresultedinmyabsence（缺席）fromherlifeandnowshewasateenagegirl.Recently，Ieventuallymanagedtohaveenoughtimetoaccompanyher.

Forthelastfewweeks，Micahhadwatchedmockingbirdsmakeanestinatreeandlayeggsthere.Sometimes，Icametoaccompanyherwithoutbeinginvited.ButwheneverImadeanattempttobreaktheice，"I'mgood"wasaboutallshesaidtome.Codefor"Leavemealone."

"Whydoesn'tshewanttodothingswithme？"IthoughtasIsetthetablefordinneroneevening，hopingforanemotionbridgetoreappearbetweenus.Didshefeelhurtwithmylongabsenceorfeelignored？Lostinthought，Iwasseekingtomend（修补）therelationship.

"Mom!"Micahyelledsuddenly，"Comequick!"

Surprised，Irushedout，onlytofindalittlebabybirdontheground，weakandhelpless.Myeyeswenttothebranchesabove.

"Thewindmusthaveblownhimoutofthenest，"Isaid.

"No，itwasMr.Whiskers-ourcat.Youlethimgooutside!"Micahsaid，abitannoyed.

Lookingatthenestwithouttheparents，"I'msorry，"Isaidandputthebirdinmypalmcautiouslyandgently.Shedidn'trespond，butdidnotrefusemyoffertohelp，either.Decidingtotakecareofthelittlebabytillitbecameindependent，Iplaceditinitsnest.

"Whatshouldwedonext？"Iasked.Noresponseagain.Instead，MicahwentinsideandhoppedonheriPad."Birdvideos？"Iasked."Yes，I'mfindingoutwhattofeedit，"shesaidseriously.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1：

Shewasmorefocusedthanever.

_____

Paragraph2

Beforelong，thebirdfoodwasdeliveredandwefedthebird"Chance"atonce.

_____

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、B、D【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Jinggangshan中"Open：8：00-17：00（February16November15），9：00-16：30（November16-February15）（开放时间：8：00-17：00（2月16日-11月15日），9：00-16：30（11月16日-2月15日））"可知，井冈山的开放时间为2月16日至11月15日的8：00-17：00和11月16日至2月15日的9：00-16：30；结合选项可知，游客可以在3月18日上午8点参观井冈山。故选B。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall中"TheexhibitionshowsfourstagesofCPC（theCommunistPartyofChina）fromitsestablishmenttoitsachievements.（展览展示了中国共产党从成立到取得成就的四个阶段）"可知，游客可以在南湖革命纪念馆了解中国共产党的四个阶段。故选B。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth中"ThesitewastentativelybasedinBeijingbutmovedbacktoShanghaiin1920andalsoservedastheofficefortheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommitteeinthe1920s.（它最初暂定在北京，但在1920年搬回上海，并在20世纪20年代作为中国共产党中央委员会的办公室）"可知，《新青年》创建于上海。故选D。

这是一篇说明文。正值建党一百周年之际，文章推荐了几大红色旅游景点。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】C、A、B、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的I'maphysicist，soIdon'tlikeblindmemorization.IknewthatChinesecharacterscamefrompictographsandIwantedtoknowthestoriesbehindtheChinesecharacters.（我是物理学家，所以我不喜欢盲目记忆。我知道汉字来自象形文字，我想知道汉字背后的故事。）可知，作为物理学家，他不喜欢盲目记忆，他知道汉字来自于象形文字，所以他想了解汉字背后的故事。因此，他是为了更容易地记忆汉字，专门去了解它们背后的故事。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的As

he

studied，Sears

found

that

many

of

the

explanations

were

conflicting

and

even

the

experts

were

at

odds.He

decided

to

computerize

the

characters，so

that

he

could

separate

good

opinions

from

bad

ones.（在他的研究中，西尔斯发现许多解释是相互矛盾的，甚至专家们也意见不一。他决定把这些文字电脑化，这样他就能把好的意见和坏的意见区分开来。）可知专家们对一些相互矛盾的解释持有不同的观点，这激发了西尔斯将这些人物电脑化。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中的In2002hegothiswebsiteupandnameditChineseEtymology，wherevisitorscancheckforfreethedevelopmentofChinesecharactersinvariousforms.（2002年，他建立了自己的网站，并将其命名为"中国语源学"。在这里，访问者可以免费查看从原始象形文字到现代简体字的各种形式的汉字发展情况。）可知，他创办的ChineseEtymology网站可以供访客免费查阅汉字发展的各种不同形式，因此这个网站是关于汉字的各种发展形式的。故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了一位致力于汉字研究的美国汉字大叔的故事。所以D项"美国汉字大叔酷爱汉字"是本文主旨大意。故选D。

本文为记叙文，讲述了一位美国人痴迷中国汉字，他建立了古汉字数据库，创立了汉语词源网站，阐释15，000个现代汉字的起源，创办工作室录制中国文化和汉字词源故事的视频。中国的网友们亲切的称呼他为"美国汉字大叔"。

考查记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】D、B、D、C【解析】（1）D．词义猜测题．根据划线词所在的句子"

when

Roman

Emperor

Julius

Caesar

and

astronomer

Sosigenes

puttheirheadstogether

to

come

up

with

what

we

now

call

the

Julian

calendar，which

includes

12

months，365

days，and

an

additional

"leap

day"

every

four

years

on

February

29．罗马皇帝朱利叶斯・凯撒，和天文学家索西基尼斯，集思广益提出了我们现在所说的儒略历，其中包括12个月365天，以及每四年2月29日增加一个闰日．"可知划线词的意思是"集思广益，共同努力"，A．Come

across

each

other彼此相遇．B．Bump

their

heads

together把他们的头撞在一起．C．Compete

against

each

other互相竞争．D．Combine

their

efforts共同努力．故选D．

（2）B．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段"In1582，PopeGregoryXⅢsoughttocorrecttheerrorbysuggestingthatwesimplyskipaleapdayeverysooften．HisGregoriancalendar，whichwestillusetoday，rulesthatweskiptheleapdayduringyearswhichcanbeevenlydivided（被整除）by100butnotby400．Forinstance，theyear2000includedaleapdaybecauseitcanbedividedby100and400；theyear2100，ontheotherhand，willnotincludealeapday，sinceit'sevenlydividedby100，butnotby400.1582年，PopeGregory十三世为了纠正这个错误，建议我们经常跳过闰日．他的公历，我们今天仍然使用，规定我们在闰日期间跳过闰日，闰日可以等分为100，但不能等分为400．例如，2000年包括闰日，因为它可以被100和400除；另一方面，2100年不包括闰日，因为它被100平均除，而不是400．"可知闰日既能被100整除，也能被400整除，结合选项只有1600．故选B．

（3）D．推理判断题．根据最后一段"GregoryXⅢ'scorrectiontoCaesar'sovercorrectionisitselfabitofanunder-correction，sowe'llprobablyneedtoreevaluateourleapdaydesignagaininabout10，000years格雷戈里十三世对凯撒过度纠正的修正，本身就有点不足，所以我们可能需要在一万年后，重新评估我们的闰日设计"，可知我们能从这篇文章中了解到公历还不是最准确的．故选D．

（4）C．标题归纳题．阅读全文以及根据第二段"So，if

we

want

our

calendar

year

to

begin

right

when

Earth

begins

a

new

turn

around

the

sun，we

have

to

account

for

roughly

an

extra

quarter

of

a

day

each

year，or

one

day

every

four

years．所以，如果我们想让我们的日历年，在地球开始绕太阳转的时候开始，我们就必须每年多占大约四分之一天，或者每四年占一天．

"可知本文主要介绍了我们需要闰日的原因．所以"C．To

explain

in

detail

why

the

leap

day

is

needed．详细解释为什么需要闰日"作为题目最合适．故选C．

本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要介绍了我们需要闰日的原因．

1．直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．

2．间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．

3．综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义．

12~15.【答案】B、D、A、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据原文最后一段Make

sure

your

child

understands

that

even

though

the

results

of

the

positive

choices

may

not

be

seen

right

away，they

are

building

on

each

other

and

taking

him

or

her

on

a

path

that

will

lead

to

success.（确保你的孩子明白，即使积极选择的结果可能不会马上看到，但他们正在相互建立，并将他或她带到通往成功的道路上。）可知本文是写给父母的。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据原文第二段Lots

of

teens

don't

realize

how

the

little

choices

in

their

lives

can

have

lasting

effects.（许多青少年没有意识到他们生活中的小选择会产生持久的影响。）可知许多青少年没有意识到小选择的重要性。故选D。

（3）观点态度题。根据原文最后一段Over

the

past

few

years，his

project

has

raised

thousands

of

dollars

to

help

abused，homeless

and

sick

children.Kyle

spent

just

a

little

time

each

day

doing

something

that

ended

up

benefiting

a

lot

of

kids.（在过去的几年里，他的项目已经筹集了数千美元来帮助受虐待的、无家可归的和生病的儿童。Kyle

Freas每天只花一点时间做一些最终使很多孩子受益的事情。）可知Kyle

Freas是好心的。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据原文最后一段The

important

thing

to

understand

is

that

Kyle

made

the

small

and

positive

decisions

necessary

for

success.Make

sure

your

child

understands

that

even

though

the

results

of

the

positive

choices

may

not

be

seen

right

away，they

are

building

on

each

other

and

taking

him

or

her

on

a

path

that

will

lead

to

success.（重要的是要明白，Kyle

Freas做出了成功所必需的小而积极的决定。确保你的孩子明白，即使积极选择的结果可能不会马上看到，但他们正在相互建立，并将他或她带到通往成功的道路上。）可知作者主要讨论了小的积极的选择和成功的关系。故选D。

这是一篇记叙文，作者通过Kyle

Freas的故事讲述了小的积极的选择和成功的关系。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

16~20.【答案】E、B、G、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文Every

day，a

lot

of

people

move

house.With

a

newfound

appreciation

for

space

and

air，it

may

suddenly

have

seemed

as

if

a

new

kind

of

life

was

possible（每天都有很多人搬家。随着对时空的新发现的向往，一种新的生活似乎突然成为可能）以及下文Here's

some

expert

advice

on

how

to

build

a

new

community.（以下是一些关于如何建立一个新社区的专家建议）可知，上文提到人们搬家后会面对新的环境，并且下文给出了许多如何建立新的人际关系的建议，所以此处应是表达交友的困难。因此，E项But

now

the

pandemic

has

made

it

harder

to

connect

with

strangers（但现在，新冠疫情使得与陌生人联系变得更加困难）切题。故选E项。

（2）推理判断题。根据下文Posting

on

social

media

is

probably

the

easiest

way

to

tap

your

friends'

friends.It

increases

the

chance

that

there's

someone

you

will

get

along

with.Don't

expect

friends

to

magically

appear（在社交媒体上发帖可能是挖掘朋友信息的最简单方式。这会增加你与某人相处的机会），可知，本段主要建议通过好友和在社交媒体上发布帖子，来联系新家所在地的人来建立新的关系，就能在搬过去后更容易相处，都属于搬家前的准备工作。因此，B项Put

some

work

in

before

you

move（在你搬家之前先做些工作）切题。故选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据本段标题Don't

expect

friends

to

magically

appear（不要指望朋友会神奇地出现）和下文People

really

need

to

take

the

initiative

to

go

out

there

and

meet

people

and

not

assume

that

friends

are

just

going

to

fall

into

their

lives（人们真的需要主动去那里与人见面，而不是以为朋友会进入他们的生活），可知，本段主要建仪我们要主动出去社交，而不是认为朋友会自己融入我们的生活，因此，G项We

tend

to

think

friendships

happen

naturally

and

that's

a

huge

misconception（我们倾向于认为友谊是自然发生的，这是一个巨大的误解）切题。故选G项。

（4）推理判断题。根据本段标题Be

open

to

a

broader

range

of

people（向更广泛的人群开放）以及上文When

it

comes

to

friendships，having

close

friends

is

one

of

the

best

things

we

can

do

for

our

health

and

wellbeing.But

even

having

brief

interactions

with

people

in

general

benefits

us.

（说到友谊，拥有亲密的朋友是我们能为健康和幸福做的最好的事情之一。但是，即使是与一般人进行短暂的互动，对我们也有好处），可知，亲密的好友很重要，那些短暂接触的泛泛之交也很重要，即要有有质量的朋友，但大量的普通朋友也有必要，因此，C项Quality

is

best，but

quantity

still

does

something.（质量是最好的，但数量仍然起作用）切题。故选C项。

（5）细节理解题。根据上一句Remember

to

maintain

pre-existing

friendships，so

that

you'

re

not

feeling

lonely

and

disconnected

while

developing

new

relationships.（记住要保持已有的友谊，这样你就不会在发展新的关系时感到孤独和疏远），可知，D

项It

can

take

a

long

time

to

build

up

new

friendships.（建立新的友谊可能需要很长时间）切题，该选项承接上文，阐述了建立新的友谊可能需要很长时间，因此，为了让自己不感到孤独，要保持已有的友谊，且选项中的"friendships"与上一句中的"friendships"相呼应。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在当前形势下就如何建立新的人际关系给我们提供了一些建议。

技巧：①通读全文，了解文章大意；②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。

21~35.【答案】B、C、A、C、D、A、B、A、B、D、C、D、B、A、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了作者因为十年待在了同一个公司而感到工作无聊，在朋友的建议下重返了校园并进行学习，最终获得了不一样的收获的故事。现在的作者回望当时的自己，感慨万千。

1.

句意：然而，由于缺乏经验，我没有信心去申请新的工作。我觉得被困住了。A.guily愧疚的；B.stuck被卡住的，被困住的；C.relieved缓解的，减轻的；D.shallow浅的。根据上文Ifoundmyjobwasnolongerfun.However,Ididn'thavetheconfidencetoapplyfornewjobsduetolackofexperience.可知，作者认为自己的工作没有乐趣，但是又没有信心申