2021-2022学年高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元形成性评价含解析新人教版选修6

单元形成性评价(五)Unit5(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1M:DoesyournieceLeahwatchTheMickeyMouseClub?W:Yeah.Hermomanddaddidn’tletherwatchtelevisionwhenshewasababy.Butnowthatshe’stwo,①herdoctorsaysit’sOKforhertowatchhalfanhourofTVeachday.1.WhosaysLeahcanwatchTVforhalfanhournow?A.Herdoctor.B.Heraunt.C.Herparents.答案:AText2M:②Youneedtofocusondryingtheplatesproperly,ortheycangetwaterspotslikethisone.W:Sorry,Ididn’tnoticethat.IthinkIneedtoputonmyglassestodothisjob.M:②That’sprobablyagoodidea.Wedon’twanttolosecustomersoversomethinglikethis.2.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Doingthedishes. B.Servingcustomers.C.Pickingupsomeplates.答案:AText3M:Yourdogisbeautiful!Webothhavethesamekindofdog.Icantellyouknowaboutdogsbecauseyouchosethebestspecies.W:Um...thanks,Iguess.Butit’snotmydog.③I’maprofessionaldogwalker.M:Iam,too.3.Whatdothespeakershaveincommon?A.Theyliketowalktheirdogstogether.B.Theyownthesamekindofdog.C.Theyhavethesamejob.答案:CText4M:Hi,Mary.Wearegoingoutingtomorrow.Wouldyouliketojoinus?W:Tomorrow?④Sorry.Mymotherwillcometoseeme.M:Whenwillshegethere?W:Atabout10:00.M:Oh,whatapity!4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedislikesgoingout.B.Shewilljointhem.C.Shewillstaywithhermum.答案:CText5M:Homeatlast!⑤ThatwasthelasttimewehadhadaholidayintheLakeDistrict.W:Itwasbeautiful!Atleastitdidn’tsnow.M:⑤Iwouldhavepreferredsnowtoconstantrain.Wehadneverseenthesunthere!5.WhatwastheweatherlikeintheLakeDistrictontheirholiday?A.Snowy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.答案:C第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6W:⑥CanIhelpyou,sir?M:⑥Yes,please.I’dliketogosomewherenearthewater.W:ThenmightImakeasuggestion?WhynottheIslandofPearl?M:Oh,thatdoessoundinteresting.W:⑦Theswimmingandsunbathingareexcellent.Thehotelsarequietandcomfortable.There’salsoplentyofsightseeing.You’llfinditonpages45to48inthistravelbook.M:⑦I’lltakeitifImay.W:Certainly,andwouldyoulikeanythingelse?M:No,thanks.6.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Inatraveloffice.C.Onanisland.答案:B7.Whatisthemandoing?A.Planningatour. B.Lookingforahotel.C.Tryingtofindabook.答案:A听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7W:Hi,Tom,haven’tseenyouforages.Howareyoudoing?M:Quitewell.I’mbusywithmyexperimentsinthelabbutafterworkIoftenplaysomesports.W:Likewhat?M:⑧Liketennis,runningandping-pong.W:Ping-Pong?That’smyfavouritegame.Howoftendoyouplayit?M:⑨Iusuallyplayabouttwiceaweek.Whataboutyou,Hingis?W:IplayeverySunday.InevermissagameonSunday.M:Wheredoyougo?W:TheSportsClub.Doyouknowit?M:Yes,Iwasthereonce.You’regoingtoplay...8.Whatsportsdoesthemanliketoplayafterwork?A.Tennis,runningandping-pong.B.Tennis,joggingandping-pong.C.Tennis,runningandgolf.答案:A9.Howoftendoesthemanplayping-pong?A.Aboutonceaweek.B.Abouttwiceaweek.C.Aboutthreetimesaweek.答案:B听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。Text8M:Hi,verygladtomeetyouhere.W:Hi,havewemetbefore?M:⑩Aren’tyouthewomanwhogavethecomputerlectureatthecitylibrarylastwinter?W:Yes,it’sme.Youlookfamiliar.Wereyouthereinmyclassthen?M:Yes,sure.I’msogladItookyourlecture.AndI’vebenefitedquitealotfromit.W:Thanks.It’salsorewardingformetodosomethingmeaningfulinmysparetime.M:Oh,IthoughtyouwereanITengineerorsomethinglikeanexpertinthisprofession.W:Notexactly,butIknowabitaboutcomputer.M:Ithoughtthatitwouldbeimpossibleformetolearnhowtouseacomputeratmyage,⑪butnowI’mexchanginge-mailswithmygrandchildren.TheysayIamlearningfastandwell.It’sthehappiestthingaftermyretirement.W:That’sgreat.Givingalectureafterworkisagoodexperienceforme,⑫becausethatisachangeofpacefrommydaytimejobasasalesrepresentative.M:That’sright.10.Whatdidthewomandolastwinter?A.Shetaughtaclass.B.Shechangedajob.C.Shelistenedtoalecture.答案:A11.Whyisthemanhappy?A.Hecangivelecturesafterretirement.B.Hehasretiredandbeginstolearnthecomputer.C.Hecancommunicatewithhisgrandchildrenonline.答案:C12.Whatisthewoman’sregularjob?A.Alibrarian. B.Asalesperson.C.Alecturer.答案:B听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。Text9M:Doyouhavethelist,Mom?Ihavetohaveeverythingonthelist.W:Ibroughtit,Chris.Butareyousurewehavetobuyeverythingtoday?Thenameofthislistis“RecommendedSupplies”.⑬Thatdoesn’tmeanthey’rerequired,doesit?M:Ithinkthey’reallnecessary.W:It’salotofmoney,Chris.AndIneedtodosomegroceryshoppinglateron.Doyoureallyneedfivenotebooks?M:Yes,⑭becauseIhavefivesubjectstostudy.Theywantmetoorganiseallmywork.W:Iguessyou’reright.⑮DoesLukehavealist,too?M:⑮Forthirdgrade?No,he’stooyoungforallthis.Don’tworry,Mom.Itwillbeworthit.You’llbesoproudofmebecauseI’mgoingtobethebeststudentinfifthgrade.W:Well,whenyouputitlikethat,Isupposewehavetobuythesethings.Butwedon’tknowifyou’llneedthemthefirstdayorthelastday,soisitreallybettertobuyeverythingnow?M:Well,thisisatax-freeweekend.Thisisthebesttimetobuythesethings.W:Tax-free?Oh,yeah.Iforgot.⑯Thecitywantstohelpusbuyschoolsupplies,andthatalsogetsustobuymore.Itshouldbegoodfortheeconomy.M:Andit’snotjustschoolsupplies,Mom.Clothes,backpacks,shoes...13.Whatisthewomanunhappyabout?A.Chris’sgrades.B.Bringingthelistwithher.C.Buyingalllistedthings.答案:C14.WhydoesChrisneedfivenotebooks?A.Theywillselloutsoon.B.Heneedsoneforeachsubject.C.Hewantstosharewithhisfriends.答案:B15.WhomightLukebe?A.Chris’sfather. B.Chris’steacher.C.Chris’sbrother.答案:C16.Whatisthepurposeofthetax-freeweekend,accordingtothewoman?A.Tohelppoorpeople.B.Toraisemoneyfortheschools.C.Toencouragepeopletoshopmore.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。Text10M:I’mgladtobeheretotalkaboutmyselfwithyou,especiallyaboutthemostrecentyearssincemyretirement.Myname’sBart.I’m74yearsoldandIliveinaretirementcommunitywithmywifeKathy.⑰IretirednineyearsagofromasteelworksfactorywhereIhadworkedasanengineerforfortyyears.⑱Aftermyfifty-fifthbirthday,Iappliedtoworkasanadvisorlikemostofexperiencedplantemployeesandspentthelastpartofmycareerthere.⑳SoonafterIretired,Imovedtotheretirementcommunity.Thestaffherefocusesmainlyonimprovingthestrengthandenergyofeachpersonlivinginthecommunityaswellasmeetingtheirneedsandinterests.⑳I’mengagedinmanyactivities:oilpainting,watercolour,andsoon.⑲Mymajorinterest,however,isgolf.Weatherpermitting,Iplayiteveryday.Wehaveagolfcourseinthecommunity,andsinceIplaymoreoftenthanIusedtobeforeIretired,mylevelhasimprovedalot.17.HowlongdidBartworkasanengineerinthesteelworks?A.Forfouryears. B.Forfifteenyears.C.Forfortyyears.答案:C18.WhatwasBartafterhis55thbirthday?A.Amanager. B.Anadvisor.C.Avolunteer.答案:B19.WhatdoesBartlikebestnow?A.Playinggolf. B.Paintingpictures.C.Makingarticles.答案:A20.HowisBart’slifeintheretirementcommunity?A.Dull.B.Busy.C.Colourful.答案:C第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)A(2021·张家界高二检测)ArtInstituteofChicagoOverviewExploretheArtInstitute,Chicago’sworld-classartmuseumandthesecond-largestintheUnitedStates,withthisFastPassAdmissionticket.SituatedinGrantPark,themuseumislistedasoneofChicago’smust-seesightsowingtotheincrediblerangeofimpressionist,post-impressionist,modernandcontemporaryworks.WhattoExpectStartyourvisitanytimeduringthemuseum’sregularhoursofoperation.Onceinside,downloadthenewArtInstituteofChicagomobileapp,usingthemuseum’sfreeWi-Fi.ExploretheArtInstitute’sunsurpassedcollectionofimpressionistandpost-impressionistmasterpieces(杰作).ExploreJourneyMaker,anewdigitaltoolthatallowsyourfamilytocreateitsveryowntourofthemuseum,locatedattheRyanLearningCenter.Thenheadovertothemuseum’scelebratedModernWing,aquickstroll(溜达)acrossaneye-catchingbridgefromthemainbuilding.Insideyou’llhavethechancetoadmireoneoftheworld’spremiercollectionsofmodernandcontemporaryart,includingcelebratedcreatorslikePabloPicasso,HenriMatisse,JacksonPollock,MarcChagallandGerhardRichter.Continueyourvisitwithalookatthemuseum’srangeofEuropeanandAmericandecorativeartitems,Asianartandacollectionofarchitectural,graphic(书画的)andindustrialdesign.Cancellation(取消)PolicyTheadmissionis30dollars.Ifyoucancelatleast7daysinadvanceofthescheduleddeparture,thereisnocancellationfee.Ifyoucancelbetween3and6daysinadvanceofthescheduleddeparture,thereisa50percentcancellationfee.Ifyoucancelwithin2daysofthescheduleddeparture,thereisa100percentcancellationfee.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了芝加哥艺术博物馆的参观要求和取消预定收费的一些情况。21.WhatmakesArtInstituteofChicagoamust-seesight?A.Itsspeciallocation.B.Theuniquebuildings.C.Thelargerangeofitsworks.D.TheFastPassAdmissionticket.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,这个博物馆坐落在格兰特公园,其作品涵盖印象派,后印象派,现代和当代作品,范围之广令人难以置信。因此,被列为芝加哥必看景点之一。故选C。22.Whatareyouexpectedtodofirstwhenyouenterthemuseum?A.ExploreJourneyMaker.B.Downloadamobileapp.C.Takepartinartactivities.D.Explorethewebsiteofthemuseum.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句(进入博物馆后,使用博物馆的免费Wi-Fi下载新的芝加哥艺术学院移动应用程序)可知,进入博物馆后,第一件事情是下载一款应用程序。故选B。23.Howmuchcancellationfeewillyoupayifyoucancel4daysbeforethescheduleddeparture?A.15dollars. B.20dollars.C.25dollars. D.30dollars.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、三句可知,(入场费为30美元;如果您在预定出发前3到6天取消预订,需要支付50%的取消费用)可知,如果你在预定出发前4天取消,需支付一半的取消费用,即15美元。故选A。B(2021·吉安高二检测)AwomaninPulaski,Virginia,saysshewasstoppedbyasquirrel,whopulledonherlegrepeatedlyandledhertohelpitsinjuredbaby.TiaPowellwaswalkinginKiwanisParkwhenshewas“approachedbyasquirrel”,thePulaskiPoliceDepartmentwrote.Thesquirrelstoodinherwayonthepath.Afterrealizingthatthesquirreldidnotmeananyharmandwasn’tgoingtoleaveherside,Powellturnedaroundandthesquirrelledherdownthepathtoababysquirrelwithaninjuredleg.Atonepoint,Powellwasn’tsureshecouldhelpandshebeganwalkingandthesquirrelfollowedheragainandactuallypulledhertrouserleg!So,shefedthesquirrelsasandwichshehadwithherandwatchedthemtrytojumpupintoatree.Whensherealizedthebabysquirrelwasstillstrugglingtogetupthetree,shedecidedtocallinbackup.PowellcalledthePulaskiPoliceDepartment.Powelldidn’tknowhowthebabysquirrelgotinjured,butshethoughtanearbystreetcatwastheculprit(肇事者).So,thegroupofrescuersdecidedtomovethesquirrelstoasaferarea.“Wewereabletogetthebabyandmothertoadifferentareawithmoretreesanditwasabletoclimballthewayupandtheylookedveryhappy,”Powellsaid.Shewentbackafewdayslatertoshowherkidswhereitallwentdown.Inthetrees,Powellspottedtwosquirrelsstaringather,andcouldn’thelpbutwonderiftheywerethesamesquirrelssherescued.【文章大意】本文属于记叙文。主题:人与自然。作者通过讲述一只松鼠向她求助,然后她去救助小松鼠的爱心故事,从松鼠身上体现出了母爱的伟大,呼吁人们要关爱动物。24.WhydidthesquirrelstopTiaPowell?A.Toattackherside.B.Tosaveitsbaby.C.Toaskhertheway.D.Topullhertrousers.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“stop”可定位到第一段最后一句“tohelpitsinjuredbaby”可知,松鼠拦住作者的目的就是要去救助受伤的小松鼠。故正确答案为B项。25.WhatdidTiaPowelldoafterfeedingthesquirrels?A.Turnedandwalkedaway.B.Helpedthemintoatree.C.Leftasandwichforthem.D.Reportedthemtothepolice.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“shefedthesquirrelsasandwich...callinbackup”可知,在用三明治喂过小松鼠后,作者看到小松鼠依然不能上树,故决定报警。故正确答案是D项。26.WhodidPowellthinkinjuredthebabysquirrel?A.Thebabysquirrelitself.B.Themothersquirrel.C.Astreetcat.D.TiaPowell’skid.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段“shethoughtanearbystreetcatwastheculprit”可知,Powell认为肇事元凶是流浪猫。故正确答案为C项。27.Howdidthesquirrelfeelaftergettingrescued?A.Cheerful.B.Doubtful.C.Sensitive. D.Unhappy.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“theylookedveryhappy”可知,两只松鼠应该是显得很开心;cheerful开心的,快乐的。doubtful怀疑的;sensitive敏感的;unhappy不开心的。故正确答案是A项。C(2021·牡丹江高二检测)Alittlemorethan30yearsago,ateenagernamedJadav“Molai”Payengbeganburyingseedsalongabarrensandbar(沙洲)nearhisbirthplaceinnorthernIndia’sAssam.Notlongafterthat,hedecidedtodedicate(献身)hislifetothiseffort,sohemovedtothesiteinorderthathecouldworkfull-timecreatinganewforestecosystem.Unbelievably,thespottodayhostsasprawling(蔓延的)1360acresofjunglethatPayengsingle-handedlyplanted.TheTimesofIndiarecentlycaughtupwithPayenginhisremoteforestcottagetolearnmoreabouthowhecametoleavesuchanunbelievablemarkonthelandscape.Itallstartedwaybackin1979,whenfloodswashedalargenumberofsnakesashoreonthesandbar.Onedayafterthefloods,Payeng,only16then,foundtheplacedottedwiththedeadsnakes.Thatwastheturningpointofhislife.“Thesnakesdiedintheheatwithoutanytreecover.Isatdownandweptovertheirlifelessbodies.Iaskedtheforestdepartmentiftheycouldgrowtreesthere.Theysaidnothingwouldgrowthere.Instead,theyaskedmetotrygrowingbamboo.Itwaspainful,butIdidit.Therewasnobodytohelpme.Nobodywasinterested,”saysPayeng,now47.Whileit’stakenyearsforPayeng’sremarkablededicationtoplantingtoreceivesomewell-deservedrecognitioninternationally,itdidn’ttakelongforwildlifeintheregiontobenefitfromtheforest.Demonstratingakeenunderstandingofecologicalbalance,Payengeventransplantedantstohisecosystemtomaintainitsnaturalharmony.Soontheshadelesssandbarwastransformedintoanaturalecosystem.Theforest,calledtheMolaiwoods,nowservesasasafehabitatfornumerousbirds,deer,rhinos,tigersandelephants.DespitePayeng’soutstandingproject,forestryofficialsintheregionfirstlearnedofthisnewforestin2008,andsincethenthey’vecometorecognizehiseffortsastrulyremarkable,butperhapsnotenough.“We’reamazedatPayeng,”saysGuninSaikia,AssistantConservatorofForests.“Hehasbeenatitfor30years.Hadhebeeninanyothercountry,hewouldhavebeenmadeahero.”

【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道类文体,主要介绍了Payeng付出了30年的努力和汗水,创造了一个新的森林生态系统来保护环境。28.Payengmovedtothebarrensandbarto.A.makealivingthereB.planttreestoimprovetheenvironmentC.dosomeresearchD.lookafterthe1360acres’jungle【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中“sohemovedtothesiteinorderthathecouldworkfull-timecreatinganewforestecosystem”(因此他移居该地点,以便可以全职工作创建新的森林生态系统)可知Payeng搬到贫瘠的沙洲是为了创造一个新的森林生态系统来保护环境。29.Itcanbeconcludedthattheinterviewinthereportabovewasconductedin.A.1979B.2008C.2010D.2012【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“Itallstartedwaybackin1979,...onthesandbar.”(一切起始于1979年,当时洪水将蛇冲上了沙洲的岸上。)和“Payeng,only16then,...pointofhislife.”(那时只有16岁的Payeng找到了到处有死蛇的地方,那是他一生的转折点。)结合最后一段中“Hehasbeenatitfor30years”(他已经做了30年了。)可知这个采访大约是在2010年进行的。故选C项。30.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Payenggotalotofhelpfromtheforestdepartmentatthebeginning.B.IttookquitealongtimeforPayeng’sdedicationtoberecognized.C.Payengearnedhisfamebytransplantingantstohisecosystem.D.TheMolaiwoodsnowisusedasazootoattractIndiantourists.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hehasbeenatitfor30years”他已经做了30年了。可知Payeng付出了30年这么长时间去做这件事,意在表明Payeng的贡献花了很长时间才得到认可。31.Theunderlinedsentenceimpliesthat.A.PayengshouldbehonoredasagreatheroinIndiaB.PayenghasbeenagreatheroinothercountriesC.OthercountriesshouldnotmakePayengaheroD.IndiamadePayengaheroearlierthanothercountries【解析】选A。句意猜测题。根据最后一段中“Hadhebeeninanyothercountry,hewouldhavebeenmadeahero.”(要是在其他的国家,他早就被当成一名英雄了。)可知此句意在表明Payeng应该在印度被授予英雄的荣誉。D(2021·北京高二检测)MathewWhite,anenvironmentalpsychologist,isonamissiontogiveMotherNaturetherespecthethinksshedeserveswhenitcomestohumanhealth.Fordecades,scientistsandhealth-careprofessionalshaverecognizedthatexposuretogreenspaces,suchaspublicparksorforests,islinkedwithlowerrisksofallsortsofillnessescommonintheworld.Experimentalworkhasdemonstratedvariousphysiologicalresponsesthatoccurwhenpeoplespendtimeinnaturalenvironments:bloodpressuredrops,heartratedecreases,immunefunctionimproves,andthenervoussystemdirectsthebodytorestanddigest.Ashumansincreasinglypopulateurbanizedareas,theyarespendinglessandlesstimeinnaturalenvironments.Butbeforedoctorscanstartadvisingtheirpatientstoheadtothenearestpark,thereisanimportantoutstandingquestion,saysWhite:Howmuchtimeinnaturedoyouneedtogeneratetheseapparentbenefits?Mostoftheresearchthathaslinkedhealthoutcomeswithexposuretothenaturalworlddidn’tusefrequencyordurationofparkvisits,butrathertheamountofgreenspacewithinacertaindistanceofaperson’shome,Whitesays.But“it’snotsomuchwhereyoulive;it’swhetheryouuseitornot.”Sohecollecteddatatoestimatewhatdose(剂量)ofnaturewasneededtoshowbenefitstoaperson’shealth.White’sgroupfoundtheanswerhewasafter:Spendingatleasttwohoursinnatureperweekwasstronglycorrelatedwithself-reportsofbeingingoodhealthorhavinghighwellbeing.“Iwasverysurprised,tobehonest,”saysWhite,whohadbeenexpectingamuchlongertime.“Wehadnoideathatsuchaclearthresholdoftimeperweekwouldemergefromthedata.”

Hewasfurthersurprisedtolearnthatitdidn’tseemtomatterhowmanytripstoaparkpeopletook,solongastheygotintheirtwohoursperweek.Itcouldbealongvisitoneday,acoupleofhour-longtrips,threevisitsof40minutes,orfourhalf-hourexcursions.Heandhiscolleaguesspeculatethat,ifnature’sapparenthealthbenefitsarearesultofbeingabletode-stress,thenwhateverpatternofgreenspaceexposurefitsone’sscheduleisprobablythebestwaytoachievethatgoal.Health-carerecommendationsforpeopletospendtimeinnatureareprobablyyearsaway,butthemovementhasbegun.Severalorganizationsaroundtheworldareworkingtopromoteawarenessofnature’scontributiontohealth.Someresearchershaveusedtheterm“adoseofnature”toevaluatetheamountofexposureneededtogainbenefits.“Thatwaskindofthedeliberatemedicalizationofthelanguagearoundnatureandhealth,”saysWhite.【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们在自然环境中会产生各种生理反应:血压下降,心率下降,免疫功能改善,神经系统引导身体休息和消化,每周至少在自然中待上两个小时,与自我报告的健康状况或高幸福感密切相关。32.White’sresearchfocusedon.A.requiredamountofgreenspaceB.benefitsfromtheexposuretonatureC.necessarytimelengthofnaturevisitsD.physicalresponsestooutdooractivities【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段后半部分可知对于将健康结果与接触大自然联系起来的大部分的研究来说,都没有研究公园的参观频率和持续时间。所以我们可以推断出,怀特的主要研究内容就是对于公园绿地的使用频率和使用时间。故选C。33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thresholdoftime”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Maximumtime. B.Minimumtime.C.Adequatetime. D.Averagetime.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。通过上一句可知,原本怀特是认为大家会花很多时间在大自然中,但是数据却让他大吃一惊。由此我们可以推断出人们每周在自然中花费的时间非常少。故选B。34.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthatWhite.A.isconfidentabouthismissionB.iswillingtocooperatewithothersC.haspersuadedotherstoaccepthisideaD.hasadoptedthetermforhisresearchresult【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段后半部分可知,怀特在对于其他研究人员所得出的结论表示不赞同。由此我们可推断出怀特是更加相信自己观点的。故选A。35.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.RespectforNature B.NatureasMedicineC.PresentfromNature D.MissioninNature【解析】选B。主旨大意题。主要介绍了人们在自然环境中会产生各种生理反应:血压下降,心率下降,免疫功能改善,神经系统引导身体休息和消化,每周至少在自然中待上两个小时,与自我报告的健康状况或高幸福感密切相关。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。CitiesatSeaPeoplearebuildinganewkindofcity.Thistypeofcitywillnotbeonland.36ThefirstfloatingcitywillbeinFrenchPolynesia.That’sanislandintheSouthPacificOcean.37Buildershopetofinishmuchofitby2020.Thisfloatingcitywillbenearthecountry’sshore.ItspeoplewilllivebythelawsofFrenchPolynesia.Otherfloatingcitiesmightbebuiltintheopenocean.38

FrenchPolynesia’sfloatingcitywillbegoodfortheenvironment.39Peoplewilldrinkrecycledrainandseawater.Floatingcitieswillbesafefromflooding.40Theycouldbemoved,ifneeded.Theywouldallowmorepeopletoliveneartheocean.Thefirstfloatingcitywillstartoutthesizeofasoccerfield.Itwillgrowtocontainhomes,parks,schools,shops,andrestaurants.Wouldyouliketoliveinafloatingcity?A.Itwillfloatintheocean.B.Constructionbeginssoon.C.Thewholeplaceisatsealevel.D.Itwillbepoweredbyenergyfromthesun.E.Thesecitiescouldcreatetheirownlaws.F.Builtonplatforms,theywillrisewiththesealevel.G.Thisisbeneficialtothebalanceoftheecosystemofthesea.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了法属波利尼西亚将要建造的海上漂浮城市。36.【解析】选A。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文“ThefirstfloatingcitywillbeinFrenchPolynesia.”(第一个漂浮的城市将会在法属波利尼西亚)可知第一段应该是引出本文的话题水上城市。因此A项(这种城市将会漂浮在海洋上)切题。37.【解析】选B。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据后句“Buildershopetofinishmuchofitby2020.”(建设者希望在2020年完成大部分工作)可知上句是在讲漂浮城市建设的开始。B选项(建设工作很快开始了)符合上下文。38.【解析】选E。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。上文“Thisfloatingcitywillbenearthecountry’sshore.ItspeoplewilllivebythelawsofFrenchPolynesia.”提到建造在这个国家领海的城市将遵循法属波利尼西亚的法律,因此建造在公海的城市将会制定自己的法律。39.【解析】选D。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。前句“FrenchPolynesia’sfloatingcitywillbegoodfortheenvironment.”提到漂浮城市对环境有好处,因此只有D选项(这座城市将由太阳能供应能量)合适。40.【解析】选F。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。前句“Floatingcitieswillbesafefromflooding.”(漂浮城市对于洪水是安全的)可知F项(建造在平台上,它们将会随着海平面的上升而上升)合适。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)(2021·长治高二检测)JaneGoodallisoneoftheworld’smostfamousnaturalists.Sheisknownforher41methodoflivinginthewildwhileconductingresearch.Herworkhas42thewayweviewanimals.43,whenGoodallbeganstudyingchimpanzeesinTanzaniain1960,she44thatchimpsmakeandusetools,justlikehumans.Eventually,Goodallsawhowhumanactivitywas45chimpanzees,otheranimals,andtheirhabitats.Shemadeither46“tofosterrespectforalllivingthings.”

Goodall,whoisnow82,travelsaroundtheworld300daysoftheyear.She47herstorywithyoungpeople,andencouragesthemto“48theworldabetterplaceforpeople,animals,andthe49.”

OnMarch16,Goodallmetwithyoungpeople,inNewOrleans,Louisiana.She50schoolstudentsattheAcademyoftheSacredHeart.Later,shespokeatTulaneUniversity.Goodalltoldstudentsthatit’snottoo51tosaveourplanet.“Yes,we’veharmedtheworld,”shesaid.“No,it’snottoolatetodosomethingaboutit.Wecanjoin52,andstartto53someofthescarswe’veinflicted(造成).”

Goodallexplained54sheandthose12teenagersinTanzaniastartedayouth55in1991calledRoots&Shoots.Theyaimedatdemonstrating(证明)that“everysingleoneofus56andhasa57toplay”inhealingtheplanet.Shesaidhergoalistohave“everychildontheplanet”58intheRoots&Shootsprogram.Onceyoufinda(n)59thatyou’repassionateaboutsolving,Goodalladded,“60yoursleeves,andtakeaction.”

【文章大意】本文属于人物故事类阅读,介绍了著名的自然保护学家简·古多尔及她发起的旨在保护地球环境的名为“根与芽”的青少年计划。41.A.simpleB.strangeC.cheerfulD.unique【解析】选D。simple简单的;strange奇怪的;cheerful欢呼的;unique独特的。结合下文可知,古多尔“与众不同”,因为她一边生活在野外,一边进行科学研究,所以她的方法是“独特的”。故答案为D。42.A.invented B.transformedC.improved D.adapted【解析】选B。invented发明;transformed转变;improved提高;adapted适应。由下文她做的工作可知,她的工作改变了我们看待动物的方式。transform是“改变”之意,符合文意。故答案为B。43.A.Aboveall B.InadditionC.Forexample D.Onpurpose【解析】选C。Aboveall首先,最重要的是;Inaddition另外;Forexample例如;Onpurpose故意。该句是举例,应用forexample“例如”。故答案为C。44.A.discovered B.uncoveredC.assumed D.added【解析】选A。discovered发现;uncovered揭开;assumed假设;added增加。由空后描述的黑猩猩的行为可知,这是她发现的。故答案为A。45.A.affecting B.rescuingC.changing D.harming【解析】选D。affecting影响;rescuing拯救;changing改变;harming伤害。由下文古多尔给自己定下的使命可知,她发现人类的活动是怎样伤害黑猩猩、其他动物以及它们的栖息地的。故答案为D。46.A.dream B.missionC.destination D.challenge【解析】选B。dream梦想;mission使命;destination目的地;challenge挑战。她发现人类的活动是怎样伤害黑猩猩、其他动物以及它们的栖息地的。名词mission在此是“使命,任务”之意,故答案为B。47.A.copies B.recallsC.discusses D.shares【解析】选D。copies复制;recalls回想;discusses讨论;shares分享。由下文她鼓励年轻人可知,她与年轻人分享自己的故事。故答案为D。48.A.make B.find C.name D.let【解析】选A。make制作;find发现;name命名;let使。她鼓励年轻人把世界变成一个更美好的地方。make“使成为”,符合文意。故答案为A。49.A.circumstance B.situationC.position D.environment【解析】选D。circumstance状况;situation情形;position位置;environment环境。environment指“环境”,与前文的people,animals并列。故答案为D。50.A.handled B.addressedC.instructed D.ignored【解析】选B。handled处理;addressed写上地址;instructed指令;ignored忽视,不理睬。由下文的spoke可知用动词address,在此意为“……讲话”,符合文意。故答案为B。51.A.late B.soon C.early D.urgent【解析】选A。late晚的;soon很快;early早的;urgent紧急的。由下文it’snottoolatetodosomething可知,古多尔告诉学生挽救我们的地球还为时不晚。故答案为A。52.A.arms B.armies C.hands D.parties【解析】选C。arms胳膊;armies军队;hands手;parties聚会。joinhands意为“联合”,常用搭配,符合文意。故答案为C。53.A.heal B.cover C.examine D.evaluate【解析】选A。heal治愈;cover覆盖,够……之用;examine检查;evaluate评估。既然要保护地球,应用heal,意为“治愈”,符合文意。故答案为A。54.A.when B.where C.how D.why【解析】选D。后面一句讲到了1991年他们发起的名为“根与芽”的青少年计划的目的和原因,故此处用why,故答案为D。55.A.item B.program C.event D.task【解析】选B。item项目;program计划;event事件;task任务。后文intheRoots&Shootsprogram有提示。program在此意为“计划,活动”。故答案为B。56.A.counts B.exists C.lies D.stays【解析】选A。counts要紧;exists存在;lies位于,说谎;stays待在。由下一段hergoalistohave“everychildontheplanet”可知,她说我们每一个人都很重要。count在此用作动词,有“重要”之意。故答案为A。57.A.game B.role C.chess D.sport【解析】选B。game游戏;role角色;chess棋;sport体育。在治愈地球方面,每一个人都可发挥作用。playarole意为“发挥作