高考高考英语复习读写任务主题句写作

概括写作答案练习1通过阅读全文，不难看出短文中每一段的首句即为该段的中心意思。将每一段段落大意放在一起便可以作为这篇段文的概括：Althoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages,suchastheproblemsoftraffic,airpollution,noise,andviolenceineverybigcity,andthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.1第一页，共58页。练习2本文列举了“游泳〞的诸多好处。第一小段写了Manfeelsfree,relaxedandhappybyswimming；第二小段写了两层意思。第一层写Swimmingcanmakeeveryboneandmuscleinmotionandyourheartbeatingfaster,whichisgoodforyourhealth.第二层写swimmingcanincreaseyourcapacityofyourlungs,whichprovidesyouwithmuchmoreoxygeninasinglebreath.第三段与第一段遥相照应，细致地描述游泳的益处。但联系全文我们可以确定第二小段中的第一层和第二层的所表达的游泳的益处是主要的。因此，段落大意可以概括为：Swimminghasmanybenefitstopeople.Itcannotonlymakeyoufeelfree,relaxedandhappy,butcanalsoaccelerateyourheart-beatingandpromoteyoureveryboneandmuscleinmotionandincreaseyourvitalcapacity.2第二页，共58页。练习3本文主要阐述了“旅游〞的各种好处，如：Firstly,travelcanmakeusknowtheknowledgeofgeography,theknowledgeofcustoms,culturesandlifestylesofdifferentplacesandcountries.Secondly,wecanmakefriendsandpracticeaforeignlanguagethroughtraveling.Finally,travelisoneoftheeasiestwaysofpastimes.Wecanenjoyvariousfoodandbeautifulsceneries.综上所述，归根结底，一句话，本文主要讲：Travelcangiveusallkindsofadvantages.因此，我们可以这样合并本文的大意：Travelhasallkindsofadvantages.First,itcanmakeusknowmuchdifferentknowledgeandcustomsofdifferentcountries.Second,wecanmakefriendsandpracticeforeignlanguagesthroughtraveling.Lastly,travelisoneoftheeasiestwaysofpastimesandappreciatingbeautifulsceneries.3第三页，共58页。练习4我们从本文的每段中提炼出以下几个能概括本文中心思想的单词：discussion–wonders–danger-searchengines–guides然后，我们再以这几个词为中心进行拓展。归纳概括此文如下：HowtogetchildrentousetheInternetcorrectlyisatopicbeingdiscussedinAmerica.SomethinktheInternethasmanywonders,butitcanalsobringdangertochildrenbecauseofunhealthywebsites.Therefore,searchenginesshouldbeusedtorestricttheiruseoftheInternetandguidancebegiventothem.

4第四页，共58页。读写任务如何写好主题句与扩展句5第五页，共58页。【写作内容】1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2. 以约120个词讲述一次你〔或你的朋友〕想家的经历，内容包括：(1) 时间、地点和起因；(2) 想家给学习和生活带来的影响；(3) 你〔或你的朋友〕是如何应对的。2011NMET广东卷读写任务6第六页，共58页。Ialsohavesimilarexperienceoffeelinghomesick.TheschoolIattendisaboardingschool.WhenIgottherethefirstdaythreeyearsago,Iwastoldthatwewouldhaveamilitarydrillforaweek.Itwasmyfirsttimetoliveallbymyself,soIwasscared.ThemilitarydrillwasterribleandseveraltimesIthoughtIwouldpassoutinthesun.Ifeltterrible,criedinbedeveryevening,andmissedmyfamilyverymuch.读以下文段，并找出本段的主题句。7第七页，共58页。请根据以下扩展句写出本段的主题句。AsIfeltterrible,Iwaslowinmood.Ididn'tfeellikeeating,andasaresult,Ifeltill.Whatwasworse,myclassmatesallthoughtthatIwasspoiledandstrangeandfewwouldtalktome.Thehomesicknessdidaffectmylife.8第八页，共58页。

主题句主题句也称为中心句，是对文段主题的概括性陈述。扩展句扩展句是对主题句的延伸或证明，需围绕主题句展开，对主题句起到支撑的作用。9第九页，共58页。主题句IalsohavesimilarexperienceoffeelinghomesicklikeTom.导向作用制约作用本段以讲述“experience〞为主。这些experience需与homesick相关，且与Tom的经历相似。

主题句的导向作用导向〔control〕——规定段落的开展脉络主题句的制约作用制约〔limit〕——限制主题的覆盖范围10第十页，共58页。Smokingisharmfultopeople’shealth.Experimentsshowthattobaccocontainssomedangerouschemicalsubstancesthatmightleadeasilytoheartdisease,cancerandothertodiseases.Everyyear,thereareabout4millionpeoplewhodiefromdiseasescausedbysmoking.Besides,sincesecondhandsmokewillalsothreatenpeople’shealth,smokingisdangerousnotonlyforthesmokersbutalsoforotherpeople.找出主题句并分析其导向与制约作用。11第十一页，共58页。Differentcountriesanddifferentraceshavedifferentmanners.BeforeenteringahouseinJapan,itisagoodmannertotakeoffyourshoes.InEuropeancountrieseventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverymuddy,thisisnotdone.AguestinaChinesehouseneverfinishesadrink.Heleavesalittletoshowthathehashadenough.InaMalaysianhouse,too,aguestleavesalittlefood.InEngland,aguestalwaysfinishesadrinktoshowthathehasenjoyedit.Itseemsthatmannersindifferentcountriesareneverthesame.以下各段缺少主题句，请补充完整。1〕12第十二页，共58页。2)_____________________________.Forexampleteacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisverydifficulttocalculatethetruevalueofserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatsillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatshop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.

Everyonelivesbysellingsomething.13第十三页，共58页。3)____________________________________.___________________________________BeforeenteringahouseinJapan,itisagoodmannertotakeoffyourshoes.InEuropeancountrieseventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverymuddy,thisisnotdone.AguestinaChinesehouseneverfinishesadrink.Heleavesalittletoshowthathehashadenough.InaMalaysianhouse,too,aguestleavesalittlefood.InEngland,aguestalwaysfinishesadrinktoshowthathehasenjoyedit.Itseemsthatmannersindifferentcountriesareneverthesame.Differentcountriesanddifferentraceshavedifferentmanners.14第十四页，共58页。4)________________________________________________________________Firecanheatwater,cook,giveoutlightandkeepyourhousewarm.Sometimes,however,bigfirescanburndownhousesandforests.Forexample,thebigfirecausedYuanmingPalace,afamouspalaceinQingDynasty,ruinedcompletely.Sowemustbeverycarefulwithmatches,burningcigarettes,faultyelectricappliancesorunquenched(未扑灭的)fires.

Becarefulwithfirebecauseitdoesnotalwaysdousgood.15第十五页，共58页。写好主题句的重要性写作（满分20分）分值评分标准18-20包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，内容丰富。词汇丰富，用词得当。能有效运用合适的语言结构，而且没有（或极少）语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。16第十六页，共58页。.直接答复要点Model:假设你处在那些动物的处境,你会有什么反响？

〔2019广东高考读写任务要点2〕

IfIwereananimalinthewildlifepark,Icouldfeelannoyedwhenpeoplekeepphotographingme.

你理想中的大学生活是什么样的？

写作要点是询问考生的看法时，对提问直接作出答复。Inmyeyes,myidealcollegelifeiswonderful/relaxing.常用词组：Inmyopinion/asforme/asfarasIamconcerned模式1主题句的几种模式17第十七页，共58页。

说明立场Model:你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照。

(2019年广东高考读写任务要点3)

Ibelievethattakingphotoswithanimalsshouldbebanned.明确表示对某观点支持、赞同或反对。模式2.18第十八页，共58页。Idisagreewiththeideathat…Iamopposedtotheideathat…Idisapproveoftheideathat…Insomeway,Iagreewith…but…Whatthewritersaidsoundsreasonable,but…Discusstheexpressionsofsupportingandobjecting

Iagreewiththestatementthat…Iaminfavorof…IappreciatethatIapproveoftheideathat…Ibelievethat…Iagreewithwhatthewritersaid/says.表示支持或赞同的句型：表示反对或不赞同的句型：你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法。

(2010年广东高考读写任务要点1)

Iamnotinfavorofencouragingkidswithcashjustbecausetheyhavegotgoodmarks.19第十九页，共58页。重述要点

Model：在生活中谅解他人有何重要意义.FromthestoryIlearnthatunderstandingandforgivingothersplaysanimportantroleinourlife.

不直接答复写作要点，而是翻译要点作为段落主题句。haveacloserelation/connectionplayanimportantrole/parthaveabad/goodinfluence/effectdoharmto词组积累bedifferentfrom模式3.中学生活和大学生活的差异.Asweallknow,collegeiswidelydifferentfrommiddleschool.(2019高考读写任务要点3)20第二十页，共58页。

总述原因

Model:使我们生活发生变化有哪些原因？Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.

Thereareseveralreasonsthatcontributeto…Thereasonsforthisareobvious……forreasonsasfollows

Thereasonwhy…isthat…Usefulexpressionsforreasons:模式4.

你支持青少年的秘密应该与父母分享的理由是什么？

Iinsistthatteenagers’secretsshouldbesharedwiththeirparentsforreasonsasfollows.…的原因显而易见…的原因有多种…的原因如下句型提示21第二十一页，共58页。常用句型：●

Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.●

Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome/conquerthedifficulties.●

Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatwearefacedwith.●

Itisnecessarythatproperactions/stepsshouldbe

takentoendthephenomenon.引出建议、方法、措施、步骤等Model:说说人们对环境保护所采取的措施。

Luckily,moreandmoremeasuresarebeingtakentoprotecttheenvironment.

模式5.如何才能获得快乐？Weshouldfindsomeeffectivewaystomakeourselveshappy.22第二十二页，共58页。引出经历简述你经历过的一次困难或考验。(2010茂名一模)Itremindsmeofmyownexperiencewhen…常用句型：Itremindsmeofthetimewhen…Itremindsmeofanaccidentwhichhappenedseveraldaysago.Afterreadingthestoryabove,Irecalltheexperienceofmyfriendwho…Thestoryaboveremindsmeofoneofmyexperiences…用来引出记叙文的具体事例。模式6.23第二十三页，共58页。

答复要点段落主题句的模式Conclusion

说明立场

重述要点

总述原因

引出建议、方法、措施、步骤

引出经历24第二十四页，共58页。稳固练习:根据给出的要点写出主题句。1.你认为是否应该穿校服上学。2.这个故事使我想起了自己一年前参加英语演讲比赛的经历。3.应该采取措施解决住房问题。4.你认为好老师应该具有什么样的好品质。5.简述你支持拆旧图书馆的理由。6.分析学生之间存在竞争的利弊。[说明立场][引出经历][引出建议、方法、措施、步骤][答复要点][总述原因][重述要点]25第二十五页，共58页。1.你认为是否应该穿校服上学。Iapproveoftherequirementthatstudentsshouldwearschooluniformonthecampus.2.这个故事使我想起了自己一年前参加英语演讲比赛的经历。ThestoryremindsmeofmyownexperiencewhenIenteredanEnglishspeakingcompetitiononeyearago.

[说明立场][引出经历]26第二十六页，共58页。3.应该采取措施解决住房问题。Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolvethehousingproblem

.4.你认为好老师应该具有什么样的好品质。Inmyeyes,agoodteachershouldtreathisstudentsfairlyaswellasmaketheclasslivelyandinteresting.[引出建议、方法、措施、步骤等][答复要点]27第二十七页，共58页。5.简述你支持拆旧图书馆的理由。6.分析学生之间存在竞争的利弊。Mysupportfortearingdowntheoldlibraryisbasedonthefollowingreasons.Asweallknow,competitionamongstudentshasadvantagesaswellasdisadvantages.[总述原因][重述要点]28第二十八页，共58页。2011年茂名一模读写任务以120词就“Thepriceofbeauty〞为题进行议论，内容包括：

〔1〕分析中国整容手术的及青少年进行整容手术的原因。

〔2〕分析整容手术带来的危害。

〔3〕你认为怎样对待自己的外貌。综合运用

答复要点总述原因重述要点答复要点现状29第二十九页，共58页。综合运用[写作内容]

最近，你学校英语俱乐部组织了一次学生交流活动，讨论“90后现象〞。请就“Thepost-90sPhenomenon〞谈谈你的看法，内容要点包括：

1)你怎样看待90后现象；

2)你的理由是什么；

3)你对90后有何建议。答复要点引出建议、方法、措施、步骤等

总述原因30第三十页，共58页。【参考例句】1)AsfarasIamconcerned,whatthepost-90schildrendonowdaysistotallyunacceptable.2)ThereasonswhyIwouldputforwardsuchanopinioncanbelistedasfollows.3)Asoneofthepost-90sindividuals,Ihavecomeupwithsomeeffectivesuggestionsinviewoftheseriousnessofthisproblem.31第三十一页，共58页。综合运用[写作内容]以约120个词就“宽容〞这个话题发表你的看法，内容要点包括：〔1〕上文给你的启示；〔2〕表达一次你宽恕他人或被他人宽恕的经历；〔3〕学会宽容的意义。直接答复要点引出经历重述要点32第三十二页，共58页。【参考例句】1)Asforme,fromthestoryIrealizehowimportantandpowerfulforgivenessisinourdailylife.(直接答复要点)2)Itremindsmeofmyownexperience.〔引出经历〕3)Thespiritofforgivenessandtoleranceplaysanimportantroleinourlife,whichislikesunshine,lightingtheheartsofpeoplewhoforgiveandwhoareforgiven.〔重述要点〕33第三十三页，共58页。综合运用[写作内容]以约120个词谈谈你对“如何对待孩子的错误〞的看法，内容包括：〔1〕描述一次你犯错的经历及你父母对此的反响；〔2〕评价你父母的做法；〔3〕你认为家长应该如何对待孩子的错误。

引出经历说明立场直接答复要点34第三十四页，共58页。【参考例句】1)Thepassageremindsmeofmyexperience.〔引出经历〕2)Iappreciatedhowmyfatherhandledtheproblemverymuch.〔说明立场〕3)Inmyopinion,adultsshoulddealwiththemisbehaviorsofkidsproperly.〔直接答复要点〕35第三十五页，共58页。

以下题为例，要求以约120个词用英语给你妈妈回信，内容包括：〔1〕你读信后的感受；〔2〕你是否赞成你妈妈的观点，并陈述理由；〔3〕你对妈妈的承诺。试看一个考生的第一个要点是怎样写的：

Afterreadingyourletter,IfeelverysorryandIdon’tknowitmadeyousoworried.

从这位同学的写作内容来看，思想贫乏。为什么很抱歉？为什么使母亲担忧？实际上可继续展开一句，但他却没继续发挥。扩展句36第三十六页，共58页。

再看另一位考生的表达：

〔主题句〕Iwasdeeplymovedbyyoursincerewordsandmygratitudeforyouisbeyondwords.〔原因〕Youlovemefromthebottomofyourheartandcareaboutmesomuchthatyoupointoutmymistakesstraightlywithouthesitationtohelpmetellwhichisthemostimportantthingtodo.

这位同学首先表达了其感受，点明了主题：“我被母亲的话深深的打动了，对母亲的感谢无以言表〞，接着表达感动的原因来拓展话题，思路清晰，内容充实，容易得到评卷老师的偏爱。37第三十七页，共58页。扩展句

写作需具有连贯性，故而扩展句与主题句之间必须：意义相关〔unity〕

逻辑一致〔coherence〕

38第三十八页，共58页。请找出与主题句不相符的扩展句。Peoplehavefoundmobilephonesveryconvenient.Theycangetintouchwitheachotherwheneverandwherevertheylike.Therearemanydifferentfunctionsfordifferentneeds,suchassendingshortmessagesandsurfingtheInternet.However,youmighthavetopayforawrongnumberandtheradiationfromthephonemaydoharmtoourhealth.39第三十九页，共58页。如何写扩展句拓展句子的常用法有:列举式/递进式说明原因/结果正反式相关式/细化主题表达他人经历……40第四十页，共58页。

如〔1〕：谈论个人对网上购物的看法。

Ononehand,onlineshoppinghasitsadvantages.Firstly,itismuchcheaper.AsfarasI’mconcerned,onlinestoresofferlowerpricestothecustomersandsomedon’tchargedeliveryfeeifwebuymorethanone.Secondly,itismoreconvenientascustomersneedn’twalkstoreafterstoreforwhattheylike.Andit’seasierforthemtocompareproductsonline.Ontheotherhand…1、列举式/递进式列举式

一方面利用正反式谈论其优点和缺点，另一方面利用列举式分别谈其优点或缺点。例如详写其优点：41第四十一页，共58页。如〔2〕谈论“互联网对人们生活带来的影响〞

(主题句〕TheInternetplaysavitalroleinourdailylife.〔拓展句〕Itnotonlyprovidespeoplewithamountsoflatestinformation,butalsochangesthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother.Besides,theInternetenablespeopletogoshoppingathomeeasilyandconveniently.递进式

可以从提供最新信息;改变交流方式;网上购物,方便快捷几个方面来扩展思路。42第四十二页，共58页。如〔1〕你读完这个故事〔目标的重要性〕的感受。

〔主题句-感受〕Iwasdeeplyinspiredbysuchastory,(拓展句-原因

)asitmakesmerealizethepowerofagoalinshapingone’ssuccessandgivesmestrengthtopursuemygoal,despitethehardshipsIamtogothrough.43第四十三页，共58页。如〔2〕你对国家“禁止商场免费提供塑料袋〞的看法。〔主题句-看法〕Itisnecessaryforgovernmenttoforbidshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbags.〔拓展句-结果〕Withthisban,shoppingcustomerswouldgraduallyformahabitofbringingenvironmentallyfriendlybagswiththemsothattheconsumptionofplasticbagswouldbegreatlyreduced.44第四十四页，共58页。如：〔1〕11年广州一模要求就“诚信的重要性〞的主题发表看法，要点〔1〕你读后的感受；

〔主题句-感受〕Afterreadingthestory,Ifeelitisimportanttobehonest.(拓展句)It’sobviousthatanhonestpersonwilldefinitelywintherespectfromothers,whichisofgreatimportanceinourstudyanddailylife,letitaloneinthebusinessworld.However,adishonestpersonwilllosehisfameandtrustfromotherssoonerorlater.Nomatterhowintelligentheis,dishonestywillruinhisfuture.3、正反式45第四十五页，共58页。如〔2〕勇于认错和抱歉的重要性。〔主题句——重述要点〕Sincenobodyisperfectandeverybodymaymakemistakes,itisofgreatimportanceforustodealwithmistakesproperlywheneverwearemistaken.(拓展句〕(反面〕Astheysay,denyingafaultdoublesit.Ifwerefusetoadmitourmistakeswhenwearewrong,wewillnotbeacceptedandforgivenbyothers.〔正面〕Onthecontrary,ifweadmitmistakesandapologizesincerely,otherswillbelikelytoforgiveus,whichmakesusclosertoeachother.46第四十六页，共58页。如(1)：就“如何减少交通事故〞的主题谈论人们应该如何防止交通事故Whatcanwedotoavoidtrafficaccidents?①Astodrivers:a)keeptheiremotionsundercontrol;b)respectothers②Astowalkers/pedestriansandcyclists:a)strictlyobeythetrafficrules;b)valuetheirownlives4、相关式/细化主题所谓相关式是指围绕决定事物的相关因素谈论问题的方法。我们就可以围绕造成交通事故的相关因素如司机和行人来谈论如何防止。47第四十七页，共58页。如〔2〕你对考试作弊的看法。〔主题-明示观点〕Inmyopinion,thisphenomenonwillhaveaverybadeffectonmiddleschoolstudents’studyhabit.〔拓展句〕〔细化〕Thosewhousuallycheatinexamswillnevertreatstudyseriouslyagainbecausetheybelievetheywillalwaysgetgoodmarkswithoutworkinghard.

Thosewhonevercheatinexamswillconsiderit’sunfairforthem,thinkingstudyinghardisnotnecessary.48第四十八页，共58页。

考题中，我们经常遇到举事例的要点，虽然同学们都能将思路展开，把故事的经过表述清楚，但往住缺乏生动性，因此，同学们可有意识地多一些人物的心理活动的描写及情感态度表达，不仅能增添字数，而且能到达锦上添花的效果，如：SoupsetwasIthatIwasunwillingtomakeanapologytohim.Fortunately,withthehelpofhim,Igraduallyrealizedtheimportanceofbeinghonest.Muchtomydelight,duetomyhonesty,oneyearlater,Ibecameoneofthepopularstudentsinmyclass.温馨提示：49第四十九页，共58页。Let’spractise!You’redividedintothreegroupstofinishthesecondpartoftask-basedwritingwithinsenvenminutes.Eachgroupisinchargeofonepointusingthemethodsmentionednow.ThenIwillaskthreerepresentativestocomeheretowritedownyourpassagesontheblackboad.50第五十页，共58页。读写任务阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

BEIJING,July6-Some19,000Chinesestudentsdiedfromunnaturalcauseslastyear,asurveyhassaid.Foodpoisoning,drowningandtrafficaccidentstoppedthelistof“killer〞.ReleasedonWednesdayattheinauguralCampusSafetyandRiskManagementForum,thereportwasproducedbytheChinaInsuranceRegulatoryCommission(CIRC),whichalsosponsoredtheevent.Thereportalsosaidthatthedeathtollcomprisedsome16,000primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsandabout3,000collegekids.51第五十一页，共58页。Thesurveyclaimedabout45percentofthedeathsresultedfromstudents’poorsafetyawareness,whileafurther18percentcouldbeattributedtopoormanagementinschools.Amassive80percentofalldeathscouldhavebeenpreventedthroughbettereducation,improvedsafetymeasuresandstrengthenedmanagement,thereportsaid.Besides,italsoshowedthereweresome40millionreportedaccidentsinvolvingpeopleunder18lastyear,ofwhichalmost10millionrequiredhospitaltreatment,thecostofwhichwas4.26billionyuan.________________________________________________________________52第五十二页，共58页。[写作内容]以约30个词概括短文的要点；然后以约120个词就这“学生平安问题〞发表看法，并包括如下要点：〔1〕请谈谈你读