2023届全国模底联考(高三英语)

2023届全国新高三摸底联考英语试卷本试题卷共8页。全卷总分值150分。考试用时120分钟。考前须知：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一局部听力〔共两节，总分值30分〕做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节〔共5小题;每题1.5分，总分值7.5分〕听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍.1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Chattingonline B.SurfingtheInternet.C.Visitinghisnewschool.2.WherewillthewomangoonSaturday?A.Toasupermarket B.Totheseaside. C.Toabookstore.3.WhenwillBillreturnthecartoSue?A.By3:30pm B.By4:00pm. C.By4:30pm.4.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hecaughtsomecatsanddogs.B.Hewascaughtinastorm.C.Hecaughtabadcold.5.Whatdowelearnabouttheman?A.Heissickinhospital.B.Heisapplyingforanewjob.C.Heisgoingtostarthisworklater.第二节〔共15小题;每题1.5分，总分值22.5分〕听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife B.Managerandsecretary.C.Brotherandsister.7.WhatdoesthewomanaskDebbietodo?A.Gooutfordinner.B.Callherattheoffice.C.Babysitforher.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8.WhyisMr.Jacksonleavingnextweek?A.Tojoinhisfamily.B.Toheadanewcenter.C.Tostarthisownbusiness.9.WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoforMrJackson?A.Haveafarewellpartyforhim.B.Sendapresenttohim.C.GotoHoustonwithhim.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanlike?A.Adoubleroom. B.Atwinroom. C.Asingleroom.11.Howmuchdoesthemanpayintotal?A.$150. B.$270. C.$30012.Howwillthemanpossiblypayfortheroom?A.Bycreditcard. B.Incash. C.Bycheck听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。13.WhogaveToddthebasketball?A.Hisniece. B.Hisnephew. C.Hisfather14.WhatdidJenthinkofthesocks?A.Theywereembarrassing.B.Theywerepretty.C.Theywereugly.15.WheredidJenusuallykeepthetoybear?A.Inhercupboard. B.Inherbag. C.Onherbed.16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Givinggifts. B.Selectinggifts. C.Receivedgifts.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17.WhatarebeginnersexpectedtopaymoreattentiontowhenlearningvarietiesofEnglish?A.Theirsimilarities.B.Theirdifferences. C.Theirdiversities.18.WhichvarietyofEnglishmightalearnerchoosetospeak?A.TheBritishEnglish. B.Theonehelikes.C.TheUSEnglish.19.WhatattitudeshouldagoodlearnertaketowardsdifferentaccentsofEnglish?A.Particular. B.Doubtful. C.Tolerant.20.Whomightbethespeaker?A.Astudent. B.Aninterviewer. C.Aprofessor.第二局部阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕第一节〔共15小题;每题2分，总分值30分〕阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AWorld’sBestSummerMusicFestivalsTheGovernorsBallMusicFestivalArelativenewcomertothesummermusicfestivalscene,theGovernorsBalloffersavarietyofperformersandatasteofNewYorkculture.Visitorscancatchsetsfromrock,electronic,andperformers,allwhiletastingfoodfrompopularNewYorkCityrestaurants.Totakeabreakfromthemusic,festivalgoerscanparticipateinactivitiessuchasSilentDiscoorlawn(草坪)games.WHERE：NewYorkCityWHEN：June3-5RoskildeCreatedbytwoDanishcollegestudents,Roskildehasdevelopedfromahippiegatheringgroundtoamainstreammusicfestival.Thefestivalattractsaninternationalfollowingandfeaturesperformancesfrommorethan3,000artists.Bandsincludeamixofcontemporaryandlesser-knownperformers,andvisitorscanwatchtheirfavoriteartistsperforminsidelargetents.WHERE:Roskilde,DenmarkWHEN：June25-July2MontreuxJazzFestivalSetonLakeGeneva’sbeautifulshoreline,theMontreuxJazzFestivalattractsaglobalaudience.Foundedin1967asajazz-onlyfestival,Montreuxhassinceevolvedintoatwo-week-longshowcasethatattractsmorethan200,000musicenthusiasts.Performancesdon’tendontheshore;visitorscancatchthemedshowsfromboatsandtraincars.WHERE：Montreux,SwitzerlandWHEN：July1-16RockalParqueRockalParqueisproudofanattendanceof88,600visitorsaday.Mostmusicfestivalsrequiretickets,buttheparticipationinthethree-dayfestivalisfreeofcharge.Festival-goerslineuptowatchperformancesfromsomeofLatinAmerica’smostpopularartists,butthefestivalalsoofferssetsfrominternationalbands.WHERE:Bogotá,ColombiaWHEN：July2-421.WhatwillyoudoattheGovernorsBallMusicFestival?A.Danceinlocalrestaurants.B.Takepartinrelaxingactivities.C.Watchperformancesfromboats.D.Enjoyfoodfromthewholecountry.22.WhatdoweknowaboutRoskilde?A.Itlaststhelongesttime.B.ItscontemporaryJazzispopular.C.Itprovidesthemedshowstovisitors.D.Itsfoundationoriginateswithtwocollegestudents.23.Whichfestivaldoesnotchargeanadmissionfee?A.Roskilde.B.RockalParque.C.MontreuxJazzFestival.D.TheGovernorsBallMusicFestival.BJamesHarrisoniscalled“TheManwiththeGoldenArm〞.TheAustralianmanhassavedthelivesofmorethan2.4millionbabiesbydonatingbloodnearlyeveryweekfor60years.Attheageof14,Harrisonhadan11-houroperationtoremovealung.“Ireceived13units(liters)ofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople,〞Harrisonsaid.“WhenI’moldenough，I’llbecomeablooddonor.〞ThatisexactlywhatHarrisondid.Soonafterwards,doctorstoldhimthathisbloodcontainsarareantibodythatcouldhelpmotherswhohaverhesusdisease,aconditionwhereapregnantwoman’sbloodattacksthebloodcellsofherfetus(胎儿〕.Inworstcases,itcanresultinbraindamageordeathforthebaby,anduntilabout1967,thousandsofbabiesweredyingeachyearinAustralia.Beforelong,researchershaddevelopedaninjection(注射剂〕，calledAnti-D,usingHarrison’sdonatedblood.Becauseabout17percentofpregnantwomeninAustraliarequiretheAnti-Dinjections,thebloodserviceestimatesHarrisonhashelped2.4millionbabiesinthecountry.Atage81,hehadalreadypassedtheagelimitallowedfordonors,andthebloodservicehaddecidedHarrisonshouldstopdonatingtoprotecthishealth.HarrisonwasawardedtheAustralianMedalofHonorinrecognitionofhisextraordinaryeffortsandgenerosity,buthedoesn’tconsiderhimselfahero.He’snowdonatedhisblood1,173times,whichgainedhimaGuinnessWorldRecord.Butinallthosetimesofgivingblood,he'sneveroncewatched.“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalktothemabit.Ican’tstandthesightofblood,andIcan’tstandpain.’’24.WhatcontributedtoHarrison’sbecomingablooddonor?A.Therareantibodyinhisblood.B.Hisgratitudetotheblooddonors.C.Therequestfromthebloodservice.D.Hispainduringtheremovalofhislung.25.What1sAnti-Dusedtodo?A.Savebabiesbygivingtheminjections.B.Protectbabiesfromcommonillnesses.C.Curepregnantmotherswithrhesusdisease.D.Preventwomen’sbloodfrombeingattacked.26.WhatdoesHarrisonholdtheGuinnessWorldRecordfor?A.Theageamongblooddonors.B.Theamountofbloodhedonated.C.Thenumberofdonationshemade.D.Thenumberofbabieshesavedbydonating.27.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofHarrison?A.Heiskindandcurious. B.Heisgenerousandmodest.C.Heisselflessandshy. D.Heissympatheticandcautious.CWealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodforourbodies.Dailyexercisefightsthelossofmuscletoneandflexibilitythattendstoincreaseslowlywithage.Anditturnsoutthatithasthesamefountain-of-youtheffectsonourbrains.Studiesshowthatovertimeourmindsalsobecomelessflexibleandnimble.Welosetheabilitytoprocessnewinformationorswitchbetweenmentaltasksquickly—andnowweknowwhy.Arecentstudyexaminednearly100individualstudiesonexerciseandbrainfunctionanddiscoveredexercisinganaverageof52hoursoversixmonthsis“associatedwithimprovedcognitive(认知的〕performanceinolderadultswithandwithoutcognitivedamage〞.Thetypesofexercisesthatarebeneficialincludeaerobics,strength-trainingandmind-body.Inpreviousstudies,researchersfromJapan’sUniversityofTsukubawantedtoexplorethisideabylookingattheeffectofexerciseonthisweakeningofthebrain.Theytestedtheoxygenabilityof60Japanesemenbetweentheagesof64and75whodidnotshowanysignsofdementiaorothermentalillnesses.Next,theylookedatthebrainactivityofeachmanashecompletedamentaltask.Theyfoundthatthefitteraparticipantwas，thelessbrainactivityheusedtocompletethetaskswhencomparedwithhisout-of-shapepeers(同龄人〕.Althoughmuchresearchisfocusedonhowexercisemaybenefitanagingbrain,exerciseoffersbrainhealthbenefitsatalmostanyage,andthisincludeschildren.Areviewof14studiesshowsthatmorephysicallyactiveschoolchildrendobetteracademically.Exerciseactuallycausesyourbraintogrowinsize.Sogetmovingandkeepmovingforbestresults.28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“nimble〞underlinedinParagraph2?A.Intelligent. B.Dull. C.Traditional. D.Simple.29.Whatcanweinferabouttheless-activepeersamongtheparticipants?A.Theyhadsignificantbrainadvantages.B.Theirbrainswereyoungerthantheirages.C.Theydidn’thavetoattendhealthclasses.D.Theircognitiveperformancewoulddecline.30.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisidea?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Byanalyzingstudyresults.C.Bydescribingtheprocesses.D.Bytellinghisownexperiences.31.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Exerciseisbeneficialforyourbodies.B.Exerciseisespeciallygoodfortheold.C.Exercisecanbenefityourbrainhealth.D.Exercisemayloweryourriskofmentalproblems.DAntsaretrulyincrediblecreatures.Inadditiontotalentslikepredictingearthquakesandsavingthemselvesfromdrowningduringfloods,thehardworkinginsectsgoallouttoprotecttheirowncomrades,oftencarryingthewoundedbacktothenesttoheal.Now,researchershavediscoveredantswhoexplodeandsacrificethemselvestosavetheirnestsfromattackers.Althoughscientistshaveknownabouttheexistenceofexplodingantssince1916,theywerefirstfoundintherainforestsofBorneoinSoutheastAsiabyaninternationalteamofresearchersledbyAliceLaciny,agraduatestudentattheNaturalHistoryMuseum,Vienna.Theresearchersnoticedthatduringtheday,whentheantswentoutsidetolookforfood,theywouldbecloselymonitoredbyasmallarmyof“guards〞，whotouchedeachmemberasitwentinandoutofthenest.Uponrunningintoanattacker,theguardantwouldangleitsbackparttowardstheattackingcreatureandshrinkitsstomach.Thiscausedtheant’sbodytoexplodeandreleaseayellow,deadlygoo(粘状物〕，whichinstantlykilledtheattacker.Theabilitytoexplode,however,wasnotuniversalamongthespeciesandappearedtobepossessedonlybyminorworkerants,usuallythesmallestantsofthenest.Evenmoreinterestingwasthatwhiletheminormemberswereblowingthemselvesup,thelargeworkerantswithoversizedplugshapedheads,placedbarriersatthenest’sentrancetopreventotherpotentialenemiesfromentering.Whilethedefensemeasuremaysoundextreme,TomerCzazkesbelievesitisnecessary.ThebehavioralecologistatGermany’sUniversityofRegensburgsayssincetheinsectsliveinlargegroups,theyareanaturalandeasysourceoffoodforanteaters.They,therefore,havetofindwaystoprotectthemselves.Antsarenottheonlyinsectsknowntoconductthistypeofvoluntaryself-sacrifice.Oldertermites(白蚁),whohavelosttheirabilitiesofnestingandfindingfood,alsoexplodeontotheirenemies.Next,theresearchershopetofindoutthemake-upoftheiryellowgoo,howtheyusetheirexplosionstotakedownlargerattackersandsoon.32. What'sthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?A.Totellusantsaregifted.B.Toshowconcernforants’safety.C.Tosayantsfacemorechallenges.D.Toleadtothemaintopicofthetext.33. Whatisregardedasmoreinterestingfortheauthor?A.Theguardants’touchingeachother.B.Theminorants’voluntaryself-sacrifice.C.Theguardants’shrinkingtheirstomachs.D.Thelargeants’blockingthenestentrance.34. Whatdoscientistsplantodointhefuture?A.Domoreresearchontheoldertermites.B.Discoveriftheantscankilllargerattackers.C.Uncovermoresecretsabouttheexplodingants.D.Tellthedifferencebetweentheantsandoldertermites.35. Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WorkerAntsAreEasytoAttackB.AntsAreExpertinProtectingThemselvesC.WorkerAntsExplodetoProtectTheirNestsD.GraduateStudentDiscoveredNewKindofAnts第二节〔共5小题;每题2分，总分值10分〕根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouhaveadog,youknowthedamagetheycandotoagarden.Theydigunderbushes,poundoutadirtypathbythefence,oreveneatyourdelicateflowers.36Inspiteofthat,westilllovethem.That’swhyIputtogetherthesedog-lovertipsforgardening.Beforeyoustartplanting,it’simportanttonoteyourdog’spersonality.37.Soisyourdogapatroller,adigger,orachewer?Getageneralideaofthemostcommonbehaviorsofyourdogandyou’llhaveagoodideaofwhattoplanfor.Ifyourdogpatrolstheyard—constantlycirclingtheyard,youneedtoplantaroundit.38Keephigh-trafficandpatrollingzonesopen.Planttallplantsthatwillgrowaboveyourdog.Containersorraisedplanterboxesareagreatoptionifyouwanttoplantmorecolorfulanddelicateflowers.39 ,addaloworhighfencearoundanareayoudon’twantyourdogtodig.Coverdiggingareasisalsoaneattrick.Anotherchoiceisasandboxbecausesanddoesn’tgetmuddy,driesquickly,andshakesoffeasier.Ifyoudon’twantitwhereyourdogisalreadydiggingyoucantryputtingthesandboxinashadyareaoftheyard.Ifyourdoglikestochew,payspecialattentiontohissafety.Certainplantscanbepoisonousandcreatehealthproblemsforyourdog.Justgotosomewebsitesforinformationaboutpoisonousplantsfordogs.40A.IfyourdogisadiggerB.Don’tplantwhereyourdogalwaysgoesC.WhenyoupreventyourdogfromchewingD.Weshouldn’thavetoyellatthemeverytimetheyareintheyardE.TheywillgiveyoumoreoneachplantsoyoucandoyourresearchF.Differentanimalshavedifferentnaturalabilities,andnotwodogsarethesameG.Theyarequicktoturnyourbeautifulgardenintotheirownpersonalplayground第三局部语言知识运用〔共两节，总分值45分〕第一节完形填空〔共20小题;每题1.5分，总分值30分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Afewyearsago,Iwasworkinginasmalloffice.Idecidedtoimproveoffice41andmakepeopleencouraged,butIwantedtodoit42.Sooneevening,Iwroteupafewquotesthathad43meovertheyears.Thenextmorning,Iwenttoworkabit44andquicklypostedthemupbythesinksand45intheofficerestrooms.Maybesomeoneelsewould46thequotesasmuchasIhad,andperhapstheymightjust47theirday,Ithought.Forthenextfewmonths,someofthequotesgot48 ,butInoticedthatacoupleremainedandfeltasenseof49.Perhapsotherslikedthem,too.Eventually,Ifinishedoutmycontract(合同〕withthatorganizationand50workingintheofficebuilding.Severalmonthsago,Iwasinvitedtoa(n)51withmycolleaguesto52howtheprojectIhadworkedonwasgoing.Towardstheendoftheevent,Iwenttothe53,andthequotethatIhadwrittenthreeyearsearlierwas54upinthesamespotbythemirror!It55:“Therealvoyageofdiscoveryconsistsnotinseekingnewlands,butseeingwithneweyes.〞Maybethequotesimplyblended(融入〕intothebackgroundforthe56employees,orperhapsitstillstoodoutasa57remindereachtimesomeonewenttotherestroom.Whateverthe58,itwasasweetmomentandreminder.Weneverknowhowlongaseedplantedwilltaketo59andgivefruit,butkeepsowingseedsof60fromtheheart.41.A.rules B.hours C.culture D.tradition42.A.naturally B.namelessly C.aimlessly D.calmly43.A.puzzled B.shocked C.inspired D.amused44.A.hard B.carefully C.late D.early45.A.mirrors B.walls C.doors D.handles46.A.enjoy B.admire C.post D.tolerate47.A.save B.spare C.freshen D.take48.A.passedon B.sweptup C.putup D.takendown49.A.satisfaction B.disappointment C.embarrassment D.sympathy50.A.continued B.quit C.missed D.delayed51.A.interview B.reunion C.quarrel D.competition52.A.design B.prove C.question D.hear53.A.restroom B.buildinghall C.workshop D.meetingroom54.A.even B.still C.yet D.again55.A.spoke B.told C.read D.wrote56.A.new B.forgetful C.difficult D.creative57.A.shining B.missing C.movable D.avoidable58.A.choice B.case C.direction D.excuse59.A.ripen B.expand C.flower D.grow60.A.courage B.patience C.trust D.kindness第二节〔共10小题;每题1.5分，总分值15分〕阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasdevelopedatechnologythatisabletotransformdesertlandsintoavailablesoil.Thetechnology61 (develop)severalyearsagobyresearchersatChongqingJiaotongUniversity.Theyinventedapaste(黏合剂) 62(make)ofamaterialfoundinplantcellwallsthat,whenmixed63sand,isabletokeepwater,nutrientsandair.AccordingtoCGTN,Chinesescientistshaveachievedsuccessingrowingcropsinareaswithbadconditionscausedbylackofrainand64 (extreme)hottemperatures.OneparticularareaisinadesertinNor