2023学年完整公开课版Lesson2EndangeredSpecies（市一等奖）

EndangeredMammals

Elephants

AfricanElephant(Loxodontaafricana)

TheafricanelephantisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderProboscidea(Elephants)andisamemberofthefamilyElephantidae.Themalestandsuptotenfeethightoitsshoulder,andweighsuptosixtons.Thefemaleisslightlysmaller,andweighsuptofourtons.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast50%oftheafricanelephantpopulationoverthelastthreegenerationsbasedonanindexofabundance.Huntingoftheafricanelephantisnowbannedinseveralcountries,butpoachingforivorystillexists.

AsianElephant(Elephasmaximus)

TheasianelephantisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderProboscidea(Elephants)andisamemberofthefamilyElephantidae.Itstandsuptotenfeethighandtwentyfeetlong.Itweighsupto10,000pounds.Theasianelephantisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast50%oftheasianelephantpopulationoverthelastthreegenerationsbasedonanindexofabundanceandadeclineinareaofoccupancy.TheAsianelephanthasfoursubspecies:theIndian,Ceylon,Sumatran,andMalaysianelephants.

Whales

RightWhale(Eubalaenaglacialis)

TherightwhaleisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCetacea(Whales)andisamemberofthefamilyBalaenidae.Itgrowsuptosixtyfeetlong,andistwelvetoeighteenfeetlongatbirth.Itweighsuptosixtytonsasanadult.Therightwhaleisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan250maturerightwhalesandanestimatedcontinuingdeclineofatleast20%withintwogenerations.Therightwhalewasoncethemosthuntedofallwhales,andisnowprotectedbylaw.

BlueWhale(Balaenopteramusculus)

ThebluewhaleisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCetacea(Whales)andisamemberofthefamilyBalaenopteridae.Themalebluewhalegrowstoabouteighty-twofeetlong,andthefemalegrowstoabouteighty-fivefeetlong.Itweighsupto285,000poundsasanadult.Thebluewhaleisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast50%ofthebluewhalepopulationoverthelastthreegenerationsbasedondirectobservation,anindexofabundance,andactuallevelsofexploitation.Thebluewhaleisthelargestmammaltohavelivedontheearth,butitfeedsonsomeofthesmallestmarineorganisms:plankton.

FinWhale(Balaenopteraphysalus)

ThefinwhaleisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCetacea(Whales)andisamemberofthefamilyBalaenopteridae.Itgrowsuptoeightyfeetlong.Thefinwhaleisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast50%ofthebluewhalepopulationoverthelastthreegenerationsbasedondirectobservation,anindexofabundance,andactuallevelsofexploitation.

Primates

GoldenLionTamarin(Leontopithecusrosalia)

ThegoldenliontamarinisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderPrimatesandisamemberofthefamilyCallitrichidae.Thegoldenliontamarin'sheadandbodyareaboutonefootlong,andthetailisslightlyshorter.Itweighsaboutoneandahalfpounds.Thegoldenliontamarinisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetothefactthatitonlyexistsinseverelyfragmentedsubpopulationsconsistingofnomorethanfiftymaturetamarinseach,andthattherehasbeencontinuingdeclineinthegoldenliontamarinpopulation.Thegoldenliontamarinisoneofthemostendangeredofallmammals.

HybridSpiderMonkey(Atelesbelzebuthhybridus)

ThehybridspidermonkeyisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderPrimatesandisamemberofthefamilyCebidae.Thehybridspidermonkeygrowstoalmosttwofeetlong,notincludingthetail.Itweighsfromtentofifteenpounds.Thehybridspidermonkeyisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetothefactthatitonlyexistsinseverelyfragmentedsubpopulations,andthattherehasbeencontinuingdeclineinthehybridspidermonkeypopulation.Thehybridspidermonkeyisknownforitsabilitytouseitstailasanextralimb.

Aye-aye(Daubentoniamadagascariensis)

Theaye-ayeisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderPrimatesandisamemberofthefamilyDaubentoniidae.Theaye-ayeisaboutthesizeofarabbit,andisbrown.Itisanocturnalanimal.Theaye-ayeisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoaprojectedreductionofatleast50%oftheaye-ayepopulationoverthenexttenyearsbasedonlevelsofexploitationandadeclineinareaofoccupancy.Also,theaye-ayehasanestimatedpopulationoflessthan2500andanobservedcontinuingdeclineintheformofseverlyfragmentedsubpopulations.Theaye-ayebuildsnestsoutoftwigstohideduringtheday.ItcanbefoundontheAfricanislandofMadagascar.

Gorilla(Gorillagorilla)

ThegorillaisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderPrimatesandisamemberofthefamilyHominidae.Themalegorillagrowstoaboutsixfeethigh,andweighsuptosixhundredpounds.Thefemalegorillagrowstoaboutfivefeethigh,andweighsuptotwohundredpounds.Thegorillaisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetotheprojectedgorillapopulationdecliningtoatthehighest50%duetoadeclineinareaofoccupancy.Thegorillaisthelargestandmostpowerfulprimatealive,butisapeacefulandsociableanimal.

Carnivores

RedWolf(Canisrufus)

TheredwolfisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyCanidae.Theredwolfisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetotheestmationthatitspopulationconsistsoflessthanfiftymatureredwolves.

AmurLeopard(Pantherapardusorientalis)

TheamurleopardisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Itisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast80%ofitspopulationoverthepastthreegenerationsbecauseofadeclineinareaofoccupancy,extentofoccurance,orqualityofhabitat.Theamurleopardpopulationisalsoestimatedtobelessthan50matureindividuals.AmurleopardscanbefoundineasternAsia.

AnatolianLeopard(Pantherapardustulliana)

TheanatolianleopardisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Itisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan250matureindividualsandacontinuingdeclineinnumbersofmatureindividualsandpopulationstructureintheformofseverelyfragmentedpopulations.AnatolianleopardscanbefoundinTurkey.

AsiaticCheetah(Acinonyxjubatusvenaticus)

TheAsiaticcheetahisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Itisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan50matureindividualsandacontinuingdeclineinnumbersofmatureindividualsandpopulationstructureduetothefactthatallAsiaticcheetahsareinasinglepopulation.AsiaticcheetahscanbefoundinIran.

FloridaCougar(Pumaconcolorcoryi)

TheFloridacougarisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.ItisalsoknownastheFloridapantherandtheFloridaPuma.Itisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan50matureindividuals.FloridacougarscanbefoundintheUnitedStates.

IberianLynx(LynxPardinus)

TheiberianlynxisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan2500matureindividualsandanextimatedcontinuingdeclineofatleast20%ofitspopulationwithintwogenerations.IberianlynxcanbefoundinPortugalandSpain.

EndangeredMammals

SnowLeopard(Unciauncia)

ThesnowleopardisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationofnomorethan2500snowleopardsandthefactthatithasnosubpopulationnumberingmorethan250matureleopards.SnowleopardscanbefoundineasternAsia

TexasOcelot(Leoparduspardalisalbescens)

TheTexasocelotisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan250matureindividuals.TheTexasocelotcanbefoundinMexicoandtheUnitedStates.

Tiger(Pantheratigris)

ThetigerisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyFelidae.Themaletigergrowsuptotenfeetlongfromitsheadtothetipofitstail,andweighsupto575pounds.Thetigerisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetotheprojectedtigerpopulationdecliningtoatthehighest50%duetoanindexofabundanceandadeclineinareaofoccupancy.Thetigerconsistsofeightsubspecies,distinguishedbythecolouroftheircoat.

MarineOtter(Lutrafelina)

ThemarineotterisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyMustelidae.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetothemarineotterpopulationdecliningbecauseofthelevelsofexploitationandadeclineinitsareaofoccupancy.MarineotterscanbefoundinSouthAmerica.

GiantPanda(Ailuropodamelanoleuca)

ThegiantpandaisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyProcyonidae.Themalegiantpandastandsuptofivefeettall,andweighsupto265pounds.Thefemalegiantpandaissmallerandweighsless.Thegiantpandaisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetothefactthatitonlyexistsinseverelyfragmentedsubpopulationsconsistingofupto250matureadults,andthattherehasbeencontinuingdeclineintheareaofhabitat.Thegiantpandafeedsmainlyonbamboo,eventhoughitisclassifiedasacarnivore.

LesserPanda(Ailurusfulgens)

ThelesserpandaisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderCarnivora(Carnivores)andisamemberofthefamilyUrsidae.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedpopulationoflessthan2500matureindividualsandacontinuingdeclineinnumbersofmatureindividualsbecauseofseverlyfragmentedpopulations.LesserpandascanbefoundinsouthernAsia.

Even-ToedHoofedMammals

Cuvier'sGazelle(Gazellacuvieri)

TheCuvier'sgazelleisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderArtiodactyla(Even-ToedHoofedMammals)andisamemberofthefamilyBovidae.Itisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoaseverelyfragmentedpopulationestimatedtonumberlessthan2500matureindividuals.TheCuvier'sgazellecanbefoundinAlgeria,Morocco,andTunisia.

WesternGiantEland(Tragelaphusderbianusderbianus)

ThewesterngiantelandisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderArtiodactyla(Even-ToedHoofedMammals)andisamemberofthefamilyBovidae.ThewesterngiantelandisoneofthelargestantelopesinAfrica.Itcanstanduptosixfeethighattheshoulder.Itweighsupto1,500pounds.Thewesterngiantelandisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoapopulationestimatedtonumberlessthan2500matureindividuals,anestimatedcontinuingdeclineofatleast20%within2generations,andacontinuingdeclineobservedbythefactthatallindividualsareinasinglesubpopulation.Theelandhaslongspiraledhornsandtufted,cattleliketails.ItcanbefoundinwesternAfrica.

WildBactrianCamel(Camelusbactrianus)

ThewildBactriancamelisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderArtiodactyla(Even-ToedHoofedMammals)andisamemberofthefamilyCamelidae.ThewildBactriancamel'sshoulderheightisaboutsixfeet,anditgrowsuptotwelvefeetlong.Itweighsupto1,500pounds.ThewildBactriancamelisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast50%ofthewildBactriancamelpopulationoverthelastthreegenerationsbasedonadeclineinareaofoccupancyandactuallevelsofexploitation,andduetoseverelyfragmentedsubpopulationsnumberingnomorethan250maturecamels.ThewildBactriancamelistheonlytrulywildtwo-humpedcamelintheworld.

ManipurBrow-AntleredDeer(Cervuseldieldi)

TheManipurbrow-antlereddeerisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderArtiodactyla(Even-ToedHoofedMammals)andisamemberofthefamilyCervidae.Itisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetoacontinuingdeclineinareaofoccupancyandthefactthattherearenomorethan250matureManipurbrow-antlereddeersandtheyliveinasinglepopulation.TheseanimalscanbefoundinIndia.

Odd-ToedHoofedMammals

BlackRhinoceros(Dicerosbicornis)

TheblackrhinocerosisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderPerissodactyla(Odd-ToedHoofedMammals)andisamemberofthefamilyRhinocerotidae.Theblackrhinocerosgrowsuptotwelvefeetlongandsixfeethigh.Itweighsuptothreethousandpounds.Theblackrhinocerosisclassifiedasacriticallyendangeredspeciesduetoareductionofatleast80%oftheblackrhinocerospopulationoverthelastthreegenerationsbasedondirectobservation,anindexofabundance,andadeclineinareaofoccupancy.Theblackrhinocerosisthemostaggressivespeciesintherhinocerosfamily,andcanchargeatspeedsuptothirtymilesperhour.

Marsupials

Broom'sPygmy-possum(Burramysparvus)

TheBroom'sPygmy-possumisclassifiedasamemberoftheorderMarsupialia(Marsupials)andisamemberofthefamilyBurramyidae.Itisalsoknownasthemountainpygmy-possum.TheBroom'spygmy-possumisclassifiedasanendangeredspeciesduetoanestimatedextentofoccurrencethatislessthan5000km2,aseverelyfragmentedpopulation,andaprojectedd