英语中考+陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句课件

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句1.简单句的六种基本句型(1)主(系)表e.g.Myname

isTom.

He

looks

good.(2)主谓e.g.She

neverlies.

Thebus

iscoming.句子按说话目的可分为四种类型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。(3)主谓宾e.g.John

opened

thedoor.(4)主谓宾宾

e.g.Theboy

gave

her

alovelydoll.(5)主谓宾补e.g.He

made

thecomputer

workagain.(6)存现句

e.g.There

is

atree

behindtheshop.2.陈述句的主要否定形式(1)在“be动词/情态动词/助动词”后加note.g.Ididn’tgetupatsixo’clockthismorning.(2)句中含有no,never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nobody,neither…nor…,none,nothing等否定词语

e.g.Therewashardlyany(=verylittle)traffic.(3)宾语从句中否定的转移

e.g.Idon’tthinkhewillpasstheEnglishexam.(4)本身具有否定含义的句型，如too…to…等e.g.Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.1.(2022甘肃天水)—HaveTomandJerryseenthismoviebefore?(补全否定回答)—No,__________________.2.(2022四川达州)Michaelshutthedoorafterhearingthenews.(改为否定句)Michael________________thedoorafterhearingthenews.3.(2022重庆A卷)Ibrushmyteethtwiceaday.(改为否定句)I___________myteethtwiceaday.theyhaven’tdidn’tshutdon’tbrush4.

(2022重庆B卷)

Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatsevenlastnight.(改为否定句)I_____________myhomeworkatsevenlastnight.5.(2021四川达州)He’smadeadecisiontoteachinthevillageschool.(改为否定句)He

adecisiontoteachinthevillageschool.6.(2021甘肃天水）Lindathinksit’seasytowriteChinesewords.(改为否定句)

Linda______________it’seasytowriteChinesewords.hasn’tmadedoesn’tthinkwasn’tdoing

概念结构例句用yes,no回答的疑问句为一般疑问句be＋主语＋其他？—Issheanurse？—No,sheisn’t.Sheisateacher.

一、一般疑问句疑问句疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有三种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句。概念结构例句用yes,no回答的疑问句为一般疑问句情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？—MustIfinishthereporttoday?—Yes,youmust.—No,youneedn’t

/youdon’thaveto.助动词＋主语＋动词原形/动词的-ing形式/动词的-ed形式＋其他？Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme?WasTomhavingameetingatninethismorning?HaveyoubeentoTibet?1.(2022新疆)Lifeisjustlikeajourneyofdiscovery.(改为一般疑问句)_______lifejust______ajourneyofdiscovery?2.(2021

甘肃天水)Daisyranveryfastwhenshewasyoung.(改为一般疑问句)_______Daisy________veryfastwhenshewasyoung?IslikeDidrun4.(2020甘肃白银)TheBrownswerewatchingTVwhentheygotthephonecalllastnight.(改为一般疑问句)_________theBrowns_________TVwhentheygotthephonecalllastnight?Werewatching3.(2021江苏南通)Hehastowalktoschoolwhenthere’snobusservice.

(改为一般疑问句)______he______towalktoschoolwhenthere’snobusservice?Doeshave5.(2020上海)ThemiddleschoolboycantelltraditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish.(改为一般疑问句)

_______themiddleschoolboy_______traditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish?6.(2020甘肃天水)

LiZiqihasmadesomeexcellentvideosaboutChineseculture.(改为一般疑问句)

_______LiZiqimade_______excellentvideosaboutChineseculture?CantellHasany二、特殊疑问句类别疑问词含义及用法疑问代词what什么，询问职业、身份、观点、日期等（无选择范围）which哪一个，询问特定的人或物（有选择范围）who(m)谁，询问人或身份疑问副词when什么时候，询问时间where哪里，询问地点、位置why为什么，询问原因how如何，询问方式疑问词组howsoon,howlong,howfar,howoften,howold,howmany,howmuch,whatclass,whattime,whatcolo(u)r,…1.(2022北京)—____willLiuYangstayinthespacestationthistime?—Forsixmonths.A.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howmuch D.Howsoon2.(2022江苏常州)—____doesyourschoolorganizeanEnglishReadingFestival?—Onceaterm.A.HowoftenB.HowoldC.Howlong

D.HowsoonAA3.(2022江苏徐州)

—IlovethisT-shirt.____doesitcost?—50yuan.Whynottryiton?A.HowlongB.Howoften

C.Howold

D.Howmuch4.(2022湖北恩施)

—____isitfromyourhometothetrainstation?—It’sabouttwokilometersaway.A.Howfar B.Howlong C.HowoftenDA5.(2022江苏无锡)

—____didtheonlineconcertbegin?—Youdidn’tmissanything.Ithasjustbegun.A.When B.Where C.What D.Why6.(2022江苏扬州)—Tellme,Grandma.＿＿isyourfavouritepersoninthewholewideworld?—That’seasy!It’syou!A.WhatB.WhoC.HowD.WhomAB7.(2021江苏南通)—_____doesMaylooklike?—Sheisaprettygirlwithbigbrighteyesandlongstraighthair.A.How B.What C.Which D.Who8.(2021北京)—_____shallwemeetforthepicnic?—Attheschoolgate.A.How B.When C.Why D.WhereBD9.(2021江苏南京)—Millie,_____areyoureading?—CamelXiangzi,bythefamousChinesewriter,LaoShe.A.who

B.how C.where D.what10.(2021江苏连云港)—_____istheconcertgoingtostart?—I’venoidea.Whynotchecktheticket?A.Whattime B.Whatabout C.Howlong D.HowoftenDA11.(2021黑龙江牡丹江鸡西)MissGreenwillgobacktoherhometowninthreeweeks.(对划线部分提问)________________willMissGreengobacktoherhometown?12.(2021江苏南通)ThefarmerputanendtopovertybysellingproductsonTiktok.(对划线部分提问)________________thefarmerputanendtopoverty?HowsoonHowdid13.(2021重庆A卷)Wearegoingtoeatzongziathomeaftertheexam.(对划线部分提间)_____________________yougoingtoeatzongziaftertheexam?14.(2021重庆B卷)It’sabout3kilometresfromtheschooltothepark.(对划线部分提问)______________isitfromtheschooltothepark?WhereareHowfar15.(2021四川达州)Thewomanhardlyeatsmeatbecauseoflosingweight.(对划线部分提问)

doesthewomaneatmeatbecauseoflosingweight?16.(2021甘肃天水)IhavebeenlearningEnglishforover9years.(对划线部分提问)_____________________haveyoubeenlearningEnglish?HowoftenHowlong三、选择疑问句提出两种或两种以上的选项，要求对方选择其一的问句称为选择疑问句。选项之间用or连接，回答不用yes或者no，可用完整的陈述句或其简略形式作答，也可用不定代词all,both,either,neither或none等作答，只要根据实际情况回答即可。如：—Whichteacherwillyoumissthemostafterjuniorhigh

school,MissZhangorMissWu?—Both.

种类形式例句一般选择疑问句一般疑问句+选择项+or+选择项—Ishetallorshort?—Heisn’ttallorshort.Heisofmediumheight.特殊选择疑问句特殊疑问句+选择项+or+选择项？—Whichseasondoyoulikebetter,summerorwinter?—Ilikewinterbetter.选择疑问句分为以下两种：1.(2020上海)Whichclubdoyouprefertojoin,thechessclub______

thedancingclub?A.soB.butC.orD.forC2.(2019湖北随州)—Doyoulikerockmusicorlightmusic?—______.Ilikepopmusic.A.Both

B.None C.Neither

D.EitherC祈使句

祈使句表示命令、建议、请求或劝告等，通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。常见的句型结构如下：形式结构例句肯定形式(Please+)动词原形Putawayyourthings.“Do+动词原形”,

加强语气,表示“务必,一定”Docomeontime！Dolookout！Let+宾语+动词原形Let’shaveanothertry.Be+表语(+其他)Becarefulwhenyouuseaknife.You’dbetter+动词原形You’dbetterdoitnow.形式结构例句否定形式Don’t+动词原形Don’topenthewindow.No+名词/动名词Nophotos！Noparking！Don’tlet+宾语+动词原形＝Let+宾语+not+动词原形Don’tlethimgotherealone.＝Lethimnotgotherealone.

hadbetter后加notYou’dbetternotplayfootballonthestreet.祈使句的回答用一般将来时。如：

—

Pleaseremembertobringmynotebooktoschool.

—

OK,Iwill.“祈使句+and/or+陈述句(表结果)”结构。如：

Takethechance,oryouwillregret.

Standupand

youwillseethetreeoverthere.注意：1.(2022四川遂宁)—Sam,_____runinthehallways.It’sverydangerous.—Sorry,Ms.Black.A.doB.don’tC.notD.doesn’t2.

(2022四川广元)—______silent,please!Youareinthelibrary.—I’msorry,madam.A.KeepB.TokeepC.KeepingD.KeptBA3.(2021黑龙江绥化)____itover,andyouwillbeabletoworkouttheproblem.A.ThinkingB.TothinkC.ThinkC4.(2020湖南长沙)_______yoursmartphones,andreadforatleast30minuteseveryday!Youknow,readinghelpsustodeepenourspiritualworld.A.PutawayB.ToputawayC.PuttingawayA5.(2020贵州黔南)

Youshouldn’twalkacrosstheroadwhenthelightisred.(改为祈使句)

__________acrosstheroadwhenthelightitred!Don’twalk6.(2020贵州黔西南)Youshouldn’ttellliestoothersandlearntobehonest!

(改为祈使句)_________________liestoothersandlearntobehonest!Don’ttell形式结构例句what引导What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！Whatabeautifulcity!多美的一座城市啊！What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！Whatinterestingbooks(theyare)！多么有趣的书啊！What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！Whatnicemusic(itis)！多么美妙的音乐啊！感叹句感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由what或how引导，句末常用感叹号。形式结构例句how引导How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！Howstrongheis！他多么强壮啊!How+形容词+a/an/the+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！Howcarefulagirl(sheis)！她是个多细心的女孩啊！How+主语+谓语！Howtimeflies！时光飞逝！感叹句，表情感，How与What放句前。名词词组跟What，How与形副紧相连。为使句子更简洁，主谓部分可省略。1.(2022山东滨州)

—______excitingspeechourheadmastergavejustnow!—Yeah,itwasreallyaninspirationtousall.A.How B.What C.Howan D.Whatan2.

(2022广西贵港)—______wonderfultheopeningoftheBeijingWinterOlympicsis!—Soitis.A.Howa B.How

C.Whata D.What

DB3.(2022贵州铜仁)

—Maria,wewillgraduateinaweek.—______!Weshouldkeepintouch.A.Howtimefly B.Whattimefly C.Howtimeflies D.Whattimeflies4.

(2022海南)—______beautifulpoemHappyRainonaSpringNightis!—Soitis!DuFushowedhiscareforfarmersinthepoem.A.How B.Whata C.WhatCB5.(2022云南昆明)

—ShenzhouXIVcarriedthreeChineseastronautsintospacesuccessfully.—Wow,_____excitingnews!Wearesoproud.A.whatB.whata

C.whatan

D.how6.(2022四川广元)—HaveyouwatchedWangYaping’ssciencelecture(讲座)fromChina’sspac