2014年江苏省高考英语试题解析版

2014年江苏省高考英语试题（附解析）

第一部分

听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.

B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Findaplace.B.Buyamap.C.Getanaddress.

2.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?

A.Repairhercar.

B.Giveheraride..

C.Pickupheraunt.

3.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?

A.Anewprofessor.

B.Adepartmenthead.

C.Acompanydirector.

4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?

A.Quitedifficult..

B.Veryinteresting.

C.Toosimple.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Weather.

B.Clothes.

C.News.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.WhyisHarryunwillingtojointhewoman?

A.Hehasapaininhisknee..

B.HewantstowatchTV.C.Heistoolazy.

7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Stayathome.B.TakeHarrytohospital.

C.Dosomeexercise.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whenwillthemanbehomefromwork?

A.At5:45.

B.At6:15.C.At6:50.

9.Wherewillthespeakersgo?'

A.TheGreenHouseCinema.B.TheNewStateCinema.C.TheUMECinema.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10.HowwillthespeakergotoNewYork?

A.Byair.

B.Bytaxi.

C.

Bybus.

11.Whyarethespeakersmakingthetrip?

A.Forbusiness.

B.Forshopping.

C.Forholiday.

12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Driverandpassenger

B.Husbandandwife.

C.Fellowworkers.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.

14.WhatdoesJohndonow?

A.He’satrainer.B.He’satourguide.

C.He’sacollegestudent.

15.Howmuchcananewpersonearnforthefirstyear?

A.$10,500.

B.$12,000.

C.$15,000.

16.Howmanypeoplewillthewomanhire?

A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?

A.Oneyear.

B.Tenyears.

C.Eighteenyears.

18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononpublictransport?

A.It’scomfortable.

B.It’stime-saving.

C.It’scheap.

19.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?

A.It’ssafer.

B.It’shealthier.C.It’smoreconvenient.

20.Whatkindoflifedoesthespeakerseemtolikemost?

A.Busy.

B.Colourful

C.Quiet.

第二部分

英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

单项填空

21.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,

historycannotbechanged.

A.though

B.as

C.since

D.unless

【考点】考察状语从句连词辨析

【答案】A

【解析】本题考察的是状语从句的连词辨析。Though尽管；as随着，因为；since自从，既然；unless除非，如果…不…；句意：尽管历史不能改变，但是为了面对未来我们还是要从历史中学会教训。根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。故A正确。

ontheway.

A.warning

B.symbol

C.goal

D.signal

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：来自于新政府的讲话是一个信号，那就是主要的改革正在进行。Warning警告；symbol

符号；goal目标；signal信号，选D。

28.Theidea"happiness,"

,willnotsitstillforeasydefinition.

A.toberigid

B.tobesure

C.tobeperfect

D.tobefair

【考点】考察形容词词义辨析。

【答案】B

【解析】本题考察的是形容词词义辨析。Rigid僵硬的，死板的；sure确信的，肯定的，有把握的；perfect完美一的；fair公平的；句意：“幸福，“可以肯定的是，不是个静态简单的定义。根据句意说明B项符合上下文串联。

29.Hislecture¬¬____,alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.

A.beinggivenB.havinggiven

C.tobegiven

D.havingbeengiven

【考点】考察非谓语动词用法

【答案】D

【解析】本题较难，alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed是一个完整的句子，本题的两部分之间缺少连词，所以逗号前面的不能是句子，只能是一个独立主格结构。名词hislecture与动词give之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动，排除B项。A项表示正在进行，C项不定式表示将要进行。都符合语义，D项havingbeendone在做状语的时候相当于done。本句的独立主格结构Hislecturehavingbeengiven相当于Afterhislecturehadbeengiven。句意：他的演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。故D正确。

【举一反三】Batsaresurprsinglylong-livedcreatures,some

alifespanofaround20years.

A.having

Bhad

C.have

D.tohave

【答案】A

【考点】考查独立主格结构。

【解析】句意为“令人惊讶的是，蝙蝠是长寿的动物，有些能活20年左右。”had和have是谓语动词形式，题中没有连词，无法并存两个句子。tohave表将来；having表伴随，因此，选A。

30.—Dad,Idon'tthinkOlivertherightsortofpersonforthejob.

—Isee.I'llgorightawayand

.

A.payhimbackB.payhimoff

C.puthimaway

D.puthimoff

【考点】考察动词短语辨析

【答案】B

【解析】本题考察的是动词pay及put的短语辨析。Payback偿还；报复；报答；偿付；payoff付清；（付清工资后）解雇；（努力）得到回报；putaway收拾，整理，放在一边，不管不顾；putoff推迟；句意：—爸爸，我认为Oliver并不是这份工作的合适人选。—我明白的，我马上就去付清他的工资，解雇他。根据句意本句中的payoff表示（付清工资后）解雇。故B正确。

【举一反三】28.Theathlete'syearsofhardtraining

whenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.

A.wenton

B.gotthrough

C.paidoff

D.endedup

【答案】C

【考点】考点本题考查动词词组。

【解析】payoff有很多含义：1付清某人的工资并解雇他偿清欠款等等2.对某人或某事进行报复3.使人得益，有报偿4.贿赂

31.Itwassadtomethatthey,sopoorthemselves,

bringmefood.

A.might

B.would

C.should

D.could

【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析

【答案】C

【解析】本题考察的是情态动词的特殊意义。Might也许；would会，过去常常做某事；should应该，竟然；could能够；句意：让我难过的是，如此贫穷的他们竟然给我带来了食物。根据句意可知本句中的should表示“竟然”。故C正确。

【试题延伸】在平时的学习中既要注意情态动词的基本含义，也要注意情态动词的特殊意义，如must偏偏，非得；should竟然；mustn’t禁止，千万不能；等等。情态动词Shall用于所有人称，表示命令，警告，允诺；以及法律规定中要做的事情。

【举一反三】—It’shardtobelievethatJack________havefoughtwiththepoliceman.

—Yes.Ifone________askfortrouble,itcan’tbehelped.

A.would;will

B.must;may

C.should;must

D.need;dare

【答案解析】C考查情态动词。句意：——难以置信，杰克竟然与警察打了一架。——是的。如果一个人非要找麻烦，实在没法子。句中should表示“竟然”，must表示“硬要，非要”。

32.Ican'tmeetyouonSunday.I'llbe

occupied.

A.also

B.just

C.nevertheless

D.otherwise

【考点】考察副词词义辨析

【答案】D

【解析】本题考察的是副词词义辨析。Also也；just只不过，仅仅；nevertheless

然而，不过；otherwise要不然；另外；句意：星期天我不能去接你了，另外我还会很忙。根据句意可知本句中的otherwise表示另外，另外方面。故D正确。

【举一反三】Studentloanissupposedtoprovidefinancialsupportforpeoplewhowould________notbeabletogotocollege.

A.otherwise

B.meanwhile

C.therefore

D.nevertheless

【答案】A

试题分析：考查副词。therefore“因此”；meanwhile“同时”；otherwise“否则”；nevertheless“仍然，尽管，不过如此”。句意：助学贷款应当提供经济资助给上不起大学的那些人。故A正确。

33.LegendhasitthattheoriginoftheDragonBoatFestivalisto

thesoulofQuYuan.

A.remember

B.remind

C.recover

D.recall

【考点】考察动词词义辨析

【答案】D

【解析】本题考察的是以字母r开始的动词词义辨析。Remember记得；remind提醒，使…想起…；recover康复；recall回忆；句意：相传端午节是为了让我们想起屈原的精神。B项应该使用remindsbofsth使某人想起某事。根据句意说明D正确。

34.Goodfamiliesaremuchtoalltheirmembers,but

tonone.

A.something

B.anything

C.everything

D.nothing

【考点】考察代词词义辨析

【答案】C

【解析】本题考察的是代词词义辨析。Something某些事情，重要人物；anything任何事情，一些事情；everything一切；nothing没有东西；没有事情；无关紧要的东西；句意：优秀的家庭对她的成员们来说意味着许多，但并不是一切。根据句意可知本句使用everything一切符合上下文含义。故C正确。

【举一反三】Trytobeindependent,foryourparentscan'tdo__________foryouallyourlife.

A.something

B.nothing

C.everything

D.anything

【答案】C

试题分析：A一些事情；B没有事情；C所有事情。D任何事情；本句中的everything与not连用，表示部分否定。Not与both,every,each等连用时，表示部分否定。D项的anything与not连用表示全部否定。句义：努力地要独立，因为你的父母亲不可能为你做所有的事情。故C正确。

35.—

!Somebodyhasleftthelabdooropen.

—Don'tlookatme.

A.Dearme

B.Hi,there

C.ThankgoodnessD.Comeon

【考点】考察交际用语

【答案】A

【解析】本题考察的是交际用语。Dearme天哪！（表示惊讶）Hi，there嗨，你好；Thankgoodness谢天谢地；Comeon加油；得了吧！句意：—天哪！有人让实验室的门开着。—不要看着我！不是我干的。根据句意可知前者对于实验室的门还开着很惊讶。故选择A项。

第二节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）

DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.

Itwasaneedthathefirst36backin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratState

TeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetan37hewasstrugglingagainstmanydifficulties.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn'taffordthe38atcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Studyhadtobedone39hisfarm-workroutines.Hewithdrewfrommanyschoolactivities40hedidn'thavethetimeorthe41.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetried42thefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo43DuringthisperiodDalewasslowly44aninferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcould45himfromachievinghisrealpotential.She46thatDalejointhedebatingteam,believingthat47inspeakingcouldgivehimtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.

Daletookhismother'sadvice,trieddesperatelyandafterseveralattempts48madeit.Thisprovedtobea49pointinhislife.Speakingbeforegroupsdidhelphimgainthe50heneeded.BythetimeDalewasasenior,hehadwoneverytophonorin51.Nowotherstudentswerecomingtohimforcoachingandthey,52,werewinningcontests.

Outofthisearlystruggleto53hisfeelingsofinferiority.Dalecametounderstandthattheabilityto54anideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson'sconfidence.And,55it.Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo—andsocouldothers.

36.

A.admitted

B.filled

C.supplied

D.recognized

37.

A.assignment

B.education

C.advantage

D.instruction

38.

A.training

B.board

C.teaching

D.equipment

39.

A.between

B.during

C.over

D.through

40.

A.while

B.when

C.because

D.though

41.

A.permits

B.interest

C.talent

D.clothes

42.A.

on

B.for

C.in

D.with

43.

A.lightB.flexible

C.optimistic

D.outgoing

44.

A.gaining

B.achieving

C.developing

D.obtaining

45.

A.prevent

B.protect

C.save

D.free

51.

A.horse-riding

B.football

C.speech

D.farming

52.

A.inreturn

B.inbrief

C.inturn

D.infact

53.A.convey

B.overcome

C.understand

D.build

54.

A.express

B.stress

C.contribute

D.repeat

55.

A.besides

B.beyond

C.like

D.with

46.

A.suggested

B.demanded

C.required

D.insisted

47.

A.presence

B.practice

C.patience

D.potential

48.

A.hopefully

B.certainly

C.finally

D.naturally

49.

A.key

B.breaking

C.basic

D.turning

50.

A.progress

B.experience

C.competence

D.confidence

【考点】考察人生哲理类完型填空

【文章大意】人生中最重要的是要拥有自己。有了自信，我们就可以做到我们想做的任何事情。本文以大师戴尔•卡耐基的成功故事告诉我们信心的重要性。

36.【答案】D

【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析。A承认；B填充，装满；C提供；D认识到；认出；戴尔•卡耐基从密苏里的一个默默无闻的农场里走出来成为一名国际大师，是因为他找到一个方法来满足人们共同的需要。这个需要是1906年他在State

TeachersCollege学习的时候意识到的。本句是一个强调句型,强调的是recognize的宾语need。

37.【答案】B

【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A任务；工作；B教育；C优势；D指导；为了得到教育，戴尔•卡耐基与很多困难在做斗争。根据下文叙述可知他为了求得教育，他克服了很多困难。

38.【答案】B

【试题解析】考察名词辨析及语境理解。A培训；B寄宿膳食；C教育；D设备；他的父亲没有钱付他的大学寄宿膳食的钱，他不得不骑马12英里去上学。

39.【答案】A

【试题解析】考察介词辨析。A在…之间；B在…期间；C超过；越过；C通过；他的很多学习都是在农场到学校途中进行的，因为他在上学的路上要花很多时间。

40.【答案】C

【试题解析】考察连词辨析及上下文串联。A当…时；然而，尽管；B当…时；C因为；D尽管；因为他没有时间也没有衣服，所以他没有参加各种学校的活动。上下文之间存在着因果关系，所以使用because。

41.【答案】D

【试题解析】考察名词辨析及上下文串联。A允许，许可证；B兴趣；C才干；D服装；因为他没有时间也没有衣服，所以他没有参加各种学校的活动。ABC三项与句意不相符。

42.【答案】B

【试题解析】考察固定搭配。Tryon试穿；tryfor申请；他申请参加足球队，但是教练拒绝了他，说他太体重太轻了。

43.【答案】A

【试题解析】考察形容词辨析。A轻的；淡的；B灵活的；C乐观的；D外向的；BCD三项和教练拒绝队员没有联系，如果队员过于瘦弱，不适合足球这项剧烈运动，教练的拒绝是有理由的。

44.【答案】C

【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析。A赢得；B实现；C形成，发展；D获得；在这段时间里，卡耐基慢蛮难第形成了一种自卑感。通常都使用develop表示养成，形成一种性格。故C正确。

45.【答案】A

【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及语境理解。A阻止；B保护；C挽救；D使…免受；他妈妈知道这种自卑感会阻止他发展自身的潜力。本句中的preventsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事，这个结构符合上下文含义。

46.【答案】A

【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及语法。A建议；B要求；C请求；D坚持要求，坚持认为；他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为辩论队里的演讲的练习会给与他所需要的认可和信心。根据句意说明A项正确，而且在join前面省略了should，这是一个虚拟语气。

47.【答案】B

【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A出席；B练习；C耐心；D潜力；；他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为辩论队里的演讲的练习会给与他所需要的认可和信心。故B正确。

48.【答案】C

【试题解析】考察副词词义辨析及上下文串联。A有希望地；B当然；C最后；D自然地；卡耐基采纳了妈妈的建议，多次努力以后，最后终于成功了。根据afterseveralattempts可知C项正确。

49.【答案】D

【试题解析】考察词义辨析。A关键的；B破坏的；C基本的；D转折的；turningpoint转折点。这件事情证明是他人生的转折点。从此他走了上成功之路。

50.【答案】D

【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A进步；B经历，经验；C能力，技能；D自信；在很多人面前发表演讲帮助他得到了他所需要的信心。之前他曾经一度很自卑，现在演讲让他重新获得自信。

51.【答案】C

【试题解析】考察上下文串联。A骑马；B足球；C演讲；D农艺；到他大四的时候，他赢得了演讲方面所有的最高荣誉。有很多学生都来向他寻求指导，接着在他的指导之下，他们也相继赢得了比赛。

52.【答案】C

【试题解析】考察介词短语辨析及上下文串联。A作为回报；B简洁地；C依次，轮流；D实际上；有很多学生都来向他寻求指导，接着在他的指导之下，他们也相继赢得了比赛。Inturn表示那些学生也相继成功了。

53.【答案】B

【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A传达；B克服；C理解；D建设；在之前克服自卑的斗争中，卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点能够增强一个人的信心。

54.【答案】A

【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及语境理解。A表达；B使承受；C贡献，导致；D重复；卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点能够增强一个人的信心。故A正确。

55.【答案】D

【试题解析】考察介词辨析。Withit中的it是指耐心，有了耐心，他可以做他想做的一切。

【长难句解析】

1.Itwasaneedthathefirstrecognizedbackin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratState

TeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.

【翻译】在1906年他在StateTeachersCollege学习的时候意识到这个人们存在着这个需要的。

【分析】本句中有一个强调句型，强调的是动词recognize的宾语aneed。句中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.

2.Speakingbeforegroupsdidhelphimgaintheconfidenceheneeded.

【翻译】在一群人前面演讲的确能让他赢得他需要的信心。

【分析】本句中有三点需要注意，首先Speakingbeforegroups这个动名词短语在句中充当主语；另外句中的didhelp使用了“did+动词原形”是对过去发生的事情的强调；最后本句中含有一个定语从句heneeded修饰先行词theconfidence。

第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．A

NeverbeforehadakitchensomuchofaHistory

IttellsofFreedom,Success,andoftheArchitectureofbigAmericancities.Becausethatiswhereitstarted:inthesecondhalfofthe19thcentury!

WelcometoanewEraofKitchenInteriorDesign

Backthen,aGenerationofsuccessfulAmericanEntrepreneursdreamtofanewstyleofArchitecturetoexpresstheirpersonalwealth.ThisdreamwasrealizedbyyoungarchitectssuchasDanielBurnhamandStanfordWhite.

TheyallhadstudiedattheEcoledesBeaux-ArtsinParis.AndtheycreatedanewstyleforArchitectureandInteriorDesign,namedafterthefamousFrenchArtInstitute:BeauxArts.

SieMaticBcauxArtsBreaksandCreates

Infactitwasnotanewstyleatall,butacompositionofstylesfromdifferentperiodsandcultures.Manyworld-famousstructuressuchastheChicagoArtInstituteandtheStatueofLibertyaccountforit.Butwhatdoesthathavetodowithyourkitchen?Justasmuchasyouwantitto.Becauseinthesamewaythattheanti-conventionalarchitectsbackthentookthefreedomtocombineelementsfromdifferenthistoricaleras,today,youtoocanbreaktheconventionalrulesofstyleandcreatesomethingnew:yourownpersonalcompositionofyourkitchen.Forthat,SieMaticBeauxArtsoffersuniqueopportunities:Abroadrangeofseeminglyconflictingfeaturesthatyoucombinetoaharmoniousdesignofyourown.Youcanchoosefrommenuofvariousforms,appealingcolors,andpreciousmaterials,tocreateanenvironmentthatismuchmorethanjustakitchen:areflectionofyourpersonality.

56.

WhydidtheBeauxArtsstyleattractAmericanentrepreneurs?

A.Ithelpeddisplaytheirmoneystatus.

B.Itwascreatedbyfamousarchitects.

C.Itwasnamedafterafamousinstitute.

D.Itrepresentedthe19thcenturyurbanculture.

57.

WhatisuniqueofSieMaticBeauxArts?

A.

Itsdesignsareanti-conventional.

B.

Itsdesignscomefromfamousstructures.

C.

Itscustomerscanenjoytheirowncomposition.

D.

Itscustomerscanchoosefromvariousnewstyles.

【考点】考察社会生活类阅读

56.【答案】A

【试题解析】推理题。根据Backthen,aGenerationofsuccessfulAmericanEntrepreneursdreamtofanewstyleofArchitecturetoexpresstheirpersonalwealth可知这种风格能够表现他们的私人财富，也就是说能够显示他们有钱。故A正确。

57.【答案】C

【试题解析】推理题。根据youtoocanbreaktheconventionalrulesofstyleandcreatesomethingnew:yourownpersonalcompositionofyourkitchen.Forthat,SieMaticBeauxArtsoffersuniqueopportunities:Abroadrangeofseeminglyconflictingfeaturesthatyoucombinetoaharmoniousdesignofyourown.可知SieMaticBeauxArts让顾客有机会显示自己的构思。故C正确。B

Howeverwealthywemaybe,wecanneverfindenoughhoursinthedaytodoeverythingwewant.Economicsdealswiththisproblemthroughtheconceptofopportunitycost,whichsimplyreferstowhethersomeone'stimeormoneycouldbebetterspentonsomethingelse.

Everyhourofourtimehasavalue.Foreveryhourweworkatonejobwecouldquiteeasilybedoinganother,orbesleepingorwatchingafilm.Eachoftheseoptionshasadifferentopportunitycost—namely,whattheycostusinmissedopportunities.

Sayyouintendtowatchafootballmatchbuttheticketsareexpensiveanditwilltakeyouacoupleofhourstogettoandfromthestadium.Whynot,youmightreason,watchthegamefromhomeandusetheleftovermoneyandtimetohavedinnerwithfriends?This—thealternativeuseofyourcashandtime—istheopportunitycost.

Foreconomists,everydecisionismadebyknowledgeofwhatonemustforgo—intermsofmoneyandenjoyment—inordertotakeitup.Byknowingpreciselywhatyouarereceivingandwhatyouaremissingouton,yououghttobeabletomakebetter-informed,morereasonabledecisions.Considerthatmostfamouseconomicruleofall:there'snosuchthingasafreelunch.Evenifsomeoneofferstotakeyououttolunchforfree,thetimeyouwillspendintherestaurantstillcostsyousomethingintermsofforgoneopportunities.

Somepeoplefindtheideaofopportunitycostextremelydiscouraging:imaginespendingyourentirelifecalculatingwhetheryourtimewouldbebetterspentelsewheredoingsomethingmoreprofitableorenjoyable.Yet,inasenseit'shumannaturetodopreciselythat—weassesstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdecisionsallthetime.

Inthebusinessworld,apopularphraseis"valueformoney."Peoplewanttheircashtogoasfaraspossible.However,anotherisfastobtaininganadvantage:"valuefortime."Thebiggestrestrictiononourresourcesisthenumberofhourswecandevotetosomething,sowelooktomaximizethereturnwegetonourinvestmentoftime.Byreadmgthispassageyouaregivingoverabitofyourtimewhichcouldbespentdoingotheractivities,suchassleepingandeating.Inreturn,however,thispassagewillhelpyoutothinklikeaneconomist,closelyconsideringtheopportunitycostofeachofyourdecisions.

58.Accordingtothepassage,theconceptof"opportunitycost"isappliedto

.

A.makingmoremoney

B.takingmoreopportunities

C.reducingmissedopportunities

D.weighingthechoiceofopportunities

59.Hie"leftover...time"inParagraph3probablyreferstothetime

.

A.sparedforwatchingthematchathome

B.takentohavedinnerwithfriends

C.spentonthewaytoandfromthematch

D.savedfromnotgoingtowatchthematch

60.

Whatareforgoneopportunities?

A.Opportunitiesyouforgetindecision-making.

B.Opportunitiesyougiveupforbetterones.

C.Opportunitiesyoumissaccidentally.

D.Opportunitiesyoumakeupfor.

【考点】考察经济知识类阅读

58.【答案】D

【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第一段2，3行Economicsdealswiththisproblemthroughtheconceptofopportunitycost,whichsimplyreferstowhethersomeone'stimeormoneycouldbebetterspentonsomethingelse.可知opportunitycost是指人们思考自己的时间金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上。也就是在衡量自己的选择是否合理。故D项符合。

59.【答案】C

【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段Whynot,youmightreason,watchthegamefromhomeandusetheleftovermoneyandtimetohavedinnerwithfriends?人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵了。所以就把本来准备看球赛的金钱和时间用在了别的地方，那么这里的leftovermoneyandtime就是指看球赛来回所花费的时间。故C正确。

60.【答案】B

【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段Evenifsomeoneofferstotakeyououttolunchforfree,thetimeyouwillspendintherestaurantstillcostsyousomethingintermsofforgoneopportunities.即使有人带你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你吃饭的时间还是会让你失去某些东西。这是从forgoneopportunities的角度来说的，也就是说你还可以用这段时间做更有价值，更有意义的事情，但是你却把他用来享用这段免费的午餐。所以forgoneopportunities就是指放弃的机会。故B正确。C

Mostdamagingly,angerweakensaperson'sabilitytothinkclearlyandkeepcontroloverhisbehaviour.Theangrypersonlosesobjectivityinevaluatingtheemotionalsignificanceofthepersonorsituationthatarouseshisanger.

Noteveryoneexperiencesangerinthesameway;whatangersonepersonmayamuseanother.Thespecificexpressionofangeralsodiffersfrompersontopersonbasedonbiologicalandcultaralforces.Incontemporaryculture,physicalexpressionsofangeraregenerallyconsideredtoosociallyharmfultobetolerated.Wenolongerregardduels(决斗)asanappropriateexpressionofangerresultingfromoneperson'sawarenessofinsultingbehaviouronthepartofanother.

Angercanbeidentifiedinthebrain,wheretheelectricalactivitychanges.UndermostconditionsEEG(脑电图)measuresofelectricalactivityshowbalancedactivitybetweentherightandleftprefrontal(额叶前部)areas.Behaviourallythiscorrespondstothegeneraleven-handeddisposition（意向）thatmostofuspossessmostofthetime.ButwhenweareangrytheEEGoftherightandleftprefrontalareasaren'tbalancedand.asaresultofthis,we'relikelytoreact.Andourbehaviouralresponsetoangerisdifferentfromourresponsetootheremotions,whetherpositiveornegative.

Mostpositiveemotionsareassociatedwithapproachbehaviour:wemoveclosertopeoplewelike.Mostnegativeemotions,incontrast,areassociatedwithavoidancebehaviour:wemoveawayfrompeopleandthingsthatwedislikeorthatmakeusanxious.Butangerisanexceptiontothispattern.Theangrierweare.themorelikelywearetomovetowardstheobjectofouranger.Thiscorrespondstowhatpsychologistsrefertoasoffensiveanger:theangrypersonmovescloserinordertoinfluenceandcontrolthepersonorsituationcausinghisanger.Thisapproach-and-confrontbehaviourisaccompaniedbyaleftwardprefrontalasymmetry(不对称)ofEEGactivity.Interestingly,thisasymmetrylessensiftheangrypersoncanexperienceempathy(同感)towardstheindividualwhoisbringingforththeangryresponse.Indefensiveanger,incontrast,theEEGasymmetryisdirectedtotherightandtheangrypersonfeelshelplessinthefaceoftheanger-inspiringsitaation.

61.The"duels"exampleinParagraph2provesthattheexpressionofanger

.

A.usuallyhasabiologicalbasis

B.variesamongpeople

C.issociallyandculturallyshaped

D.influencesone'sthinkingandevaluation

62.

Whatchangescanbefoundinanangrybrain?

A.

Balancedelectricalactivitycanbespotted.

B.

Unbalancedpatternsarefoundinprefrontalareas.

C.

Electricalactivitycorrespondstoone'sbehaviour.

D.

Electricalactivityagreeswithone'sdisposition.

63.

Whichofthefollowingistypicalofoffensiveanger?

A.Approachingthesourceofanger.

B.Tryingtocontrolwhatisdisliked.

C.Movingawayfromwhatisdisliked.

D.Feelinghelplessinthefaceofanger.

64.

Whatisthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?

A.Howangerdiffersfromotheremotions.B.Howangerrelatestootheremotions.

C.Behaviouralresponsestoanger.

D.Behaviouralpatternsofanger.

【考点】考察科普知识类阅读

【文章大意】本文介绍了一些与愤怒有关的表现以及医学原理和人们生气的时候表现出的行为模式。

61.【答案】C

推理题。根据文章第二段Incontemporaryculture,physicalexpressionsofangeraregenerallyconsideredtoosociallyharmfultobetolerated.在当代社会里，愤怒的肢体表现被认为是对社会有伤害而不能被容忍。但是在古代却又着决斗这样的行为，说明愤怒的表现形式是由不同的社会和文化形成的。故C正确。

62.【答案】B

细节题。根据第三段3,4行ButwhenweareangrytheEEGoftherightandleftprefrontalareasaren'tbalanced可知当我们生气的时候，脑电图在额叶前部会出现不平衡的现象。故B正确。

63.【答案】A

细节题。根据文章第四段3,4,5行Theangrierweare.themorelikelywearetomovetowardstheobjectofouranger.Thiscorrespondstowhatpsychologistsrefertoasoffensiveanger:theangrypersonmovescloserinordertoinfluenceandcontrolthepersonorsituationcausinghisanger.可知当我们生气的时候，我们很可能靠近让我们生气的对象。这是典型的offensiveanger的表现。故A正确。

64.【答案】D

段落大意题。根据本段1,2行Mostpositiveemotionsareassociatedwithapproachbehaviour

及Mostnegativeemotions,incontrast,areassociatedwithavoidancebehaviour中的approachbehaviour和avoidancebehaviour可知本段讲述的是愤怒的时候，人们表现出的行为模式。故D正确。D

August1990，Boston

DearMayaShao-ming,

Tome,June6,1990isaspecialday.Mylong-awaiteddreamcametruetheminuteyourfathercried,"Agirl!"Youaremorethanjustasecondchild,morethanjustagirltomatchourboy.You,littledaughter,arethelinktoourfemaleline,thelegacyofanotherwoman'spainandsacrifice31yearsago.

LetmetellyouaboutyourChinesegrandmother.SomewhereinHongKong,inthelatefifties,ayoungwaitressfoundherselfpregnant(怀孕)byacook,probablyaco-workeratherrestaurant.Shecarriedthebabytoterm,sufferedtogiveitbirth,andkeptthelittlegirlforthefirstthreemonthsofherlife.Iliketothinkthatmymother—yourrandmother—lovedmeandfoughttoraisemeonherown,butthatthedailystrugglewastoohard.Worndownbythedemandsofthenewbabyandperhapstheconstantthreatofstarvation,shemadethepainfuldecisiontogiveawayhergirlsothatbothofusmighthaveachanceforabetterlife.

Morelikely,Iwasdroppedattheorphanage(MJLR)stepsorsomewhereelse.Iwillprobablyneverknowthetruth.HavingababyinherunmarriedstatewouldhavebroughtshameonthefamilyinChina,sosheprobablykeptmyexistenceasecret.OnceIwasoutofherlife,itwasasifIhadneverbeenborn.AndsoyouandyourbrotherandIarethemissingleavesonafamilytree.

Dotheyeverwonderifweexist?

BeforeIwastwo,IwasadoptedbyanAnglocouple.Fedthreesquaremealsaday,Igrewlikeawildweedandgraspedalltheopportunitiestheyhadtooffer—books,music,education,churchlifeandcommunityactivities.Inafamilyofblue-eyedblonds,though,Istoodoutlikeasorethumb.Whetherfromjealousyorfearofsomeonewholookedsodifferent,myolderbrotherssometimesteasedmeaboutmyunpleasingskin,ormadefunofmyclumsywalk.Moodyandimpatient,burdenedbyfearsthatnoneofusrealizedresultedfrommyearlyyearsofneed,Iwasnotaneasychildtolove.MymotherandIconflictedcountlesstimesovertheyears,butgraduallycametoseeoneanotherasrealhumanbeingswithfaultsandtalents,andaswomenofstrengthinourownright.Lackingamirrorimageinthemotherwhoraisedme,Ihadtoseekmyidentityasawomanonmyown.TheAsianAmericancommunityhashelpedmeregainmydoubleidentity.

Butpartofmewillalwaysbemissing:mybeginnings,mypersonalhistory,allthedelicatedetailsthatgiveapersonherorigin.Nevertheless,someonegavemealuckyname"SiuWai.""Siu"means"little,"and"Warmeans"clever."Therefore,mybabynamewas"Cleverlittleone."Whochosethosewords?Whocaredenoughtonotemyarrivalintheworld?

IlostmyChinesenamefor18years.ItwasAmericanizedforconvenienceto"Sue."Butlikeanill-fittingcoat,itmademeuncomfortable.Ihatedthename.Butevenmore,IhatedbeingChinese.IttookmanyyearstobecomeproudofmyAsianoriginandworkupthecouragetotakebackmybirth-name.That,plusalittleknowledgeofclassroomCantonese,isalltheChinesecultureIhavetoofferyou.Notwhite,certainly,butnotreallyAsian,Itrytopavethewaybetweenthetwoworldsandbridgethegapforyou.Yourname,"Shao-ming,"isverymuchlikemine—"Shao"means"little."And"ming"is"bright,"asinashiningsunormoon.Whoseliveswillyoubrighten,littleMaya?Yourpastismorecompletethanmine,andeachdayIcradleyouinyourbabyhood,generouslygivingyouthelovingcareIlackedformyfirsttwoyears.WhenIpatyou,Icomfortthelostbabyinsidemewhostillcriesforhermother.

SweetMaya,itdoesn'tmatterwhatyou"become"lateron.Youhavealreadyfulfilledmywildestdreams.

Iloveyou,

Mommy

65.

WhyisJune6.1990aspecialdayforMommy?

A.

Herdreamofbeingamothercametrue.

B.

ShefoundheroriginfromherChinesemother.

C.

Shewrotethelettertoherdaughter.

D.

Herfemalelinewaswelllinked.

66.

HowdoesMommyfeelaboutherbeinggivenaway?

A.

Itisbitteranddisappointing.

B.

Itispainfulbutunderstandable.

C.

Shefeels