组织的管理层次和业务流

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Logistics&SupplyChainManagementChapter4.LogisticsInformationManagement姜阵剑BusinessSchool,SDJU第一页，共二十三页。LICTthecollectionanalysisandevaluationofdatathetransferofinformation

FlowsofinformationinlogisticsandsupplychainsThetimingandqualityoftheinformationBusinessSchool,SDJU第二页，共二十三页。

组织的管理层次和业务流高层决策层（战略层）中间管理层（战术层）

执行管理层（操作/作业层）策划人事制造市场营销财务日常管理

DSS

MIS

EDP/TPS人员流事务流资金流物资流信息流领导职能组织职能计划职能控制职能作业职能数据处理/事务处理决策支持管理信息系统BusinessSchool,SDJU第三页，共二十三页。Therearedifferentlevelsofinformationrequiredinlogistics.Thesedifferentlevelsandfunctionscanbeidentifiedasthestrategic,tacticalandoperationallevels.

InformationatthestrategiclevelPurchasing:rmationaboutalternativesuppliersProduction:rmationtohelpdetermineproductranges1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第四页，共二十三页。Inventory:rmationtohelpdecideonformatofstockholding

Warehousing:rmationtohelpindecidingonusinganown-accountoperationorthirdpartycontractorsTransportation:rmationtohelpindecisiontobuyorleasevehiclesMarketing:rmationondemographicpatterns1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第五页，共二十三页。Informationatthetacticallevelmedium-toshort-termplanningforecasting,schedulingandresourceplanning.middlemanagers1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第六页，共二十三页。Purchasing→assistwithorderschedulingProduction→assistindecidingrunlengthsInventory→assistinsettingstocklevelsWarehousing→resourcelevelsneededTransportation→routingandschedulingandprovisionMarketing→assistinplanningseasonalorders1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第七页，共二十三页。Informationattheoperationallevelshorter-termtominute-by-minutedecisions

contingenciesandchangesfirstlinemanagementandoperatives1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第八页，共二十三页。Purchasing→helpdecidewhentoplaceorderswithsuppliersProduction→release(出库)ofrawmaterialsfromstockInventory→schedulingsupplierordersWarehousing→pickinglistsTransportation→deliverynotesMarketing→orderreceiving1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第九页，共二十三页。Manyofthetechniquesinlogistics,relyontheelectronicgatheringandmanipulationofdata.Electroniccommunicationenablesautomaticdecision-making,themodelingofproposedchanges,automatictrackingcontrol,automaticgenerationofperformancemonitoringandcontrol.2.InformationApplicationBusinessSchool,SDJU第十页，共二十三页。ModelingproposedchangesProposed（所提议的，建议的，alternative）changestooperationsandnetworkscanbemodeledsothattheeffectscanbeassessedandthendecisionstaken.acompanymaywishtochangethewayitschedulesitsvehicleoperations.2.InformationApplicationBusinessSchool,SDJU第十一页，共二十三页。AutomatictrackingcontrolAutomatictrackingcontrolofvehicles,loadsandassets.2.InformationApplicationBusinessSchool,SDJU第十二页，共二十三页。EDI标准用户文件发送方用户文件接收方平台文件标准文件标准文件平台文件X.25或PSTN等传输网络加封对照翻译解封EDI作业流程图EDI标准指的是各企业共同的交流标准，是数据交换的翻译，它使得遵循这一标准的企业与组织能进行电子数据交换作业流程。如图BusinessSchool,SDJU第十三页，共二十三页。EDI系统的类型目前最常用的EDI系统主要有两种类型：单对多EDI系统和增值网（VAN），如图制造商零售商供应商供应商供应商制造商/零售商制造商/零售商制造商/零售商第三方供应商供应商供应商

单对多EDI系统、VAN系统BusinessSchool,SDJU第十四页，共二十三页。物流EDI所谓物流EDI是指货主、承运业主以及其他相关单位之间通过EDI系统进行物流数据交换，以此为基础实施物流活动的方法，其框架结构如图所示。相关单位（仓储等）协作单位（金融保险）承运业主货主（厂商、贸易商）电子数据交换（EDI）

物流EDI框架结构BusinessSchool,SDJU第十五页，共二十三页。3.UseofEDIintheSupplyChainEPOStechnologyisthecaptureofdataonelectronicfilesatthepointwhereasaletakesplace.supermarketcheckout

Fromthecustomer’spointofviewFromthestore’spointofviewquantitiessoldofeachproductstockrecordsareupdatedautomatically.BusinessSchool,SDJU第十六页，共二十三页。EPOSdataissentviaEDItotheretailer’sregionalwarehousesandtotheirHeadquarters.Thistriggersreplenishmentfromretailer’sstockandtriggersreplenishmentfromthemanufacturer’sstocktotheretailer’swarehouse.shortenleadtimesandlowerstocklevels.3.UseofEDIintheSupplyChain

BusinessSchool,SDJU第十七页，共二十三页。4.

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上海联华超市集团EDI应用系统系统结构:BusinessSchool,SDJU第十八页，共二十三页。GPS技术全球定位系统（GlobalPositioning

System）GPS系统的特点全球定位精度高功能多，应用广RadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID)射频识别---athletesattheSpecialOlympicGamesBusinessSchool,SDJU第十九页，共二十三页。GIS技术地理信息系统地理信息系统(GeographicInformationSystem,简称GIS)是一种能把图形管理系统和数据管理系统有机地结合起来，对各种空间信息进行收集、存储、分析和可视化表达的信息处理与管理系统。BusinessSchool,SDJU第二十页，共二十三页。Q&A!第二十一页，共二十三页。Exercises教材P51BusinessSchool,SDJU第二十二页，共二十三页。内容总结Chinese-EnglishBilingualTeachingFor

Logistics