2023届新高考英语第一轮复习模拟调研金考卷四

2023届新高考英语模拟调研金考卷四解析版第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.LookingafterDad. B.Buyingajacket. C.Holdingaparty.2.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Thehouseowner. B.Therepairman. C.Thetutor.3.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hebreaksadrum. B.Hefeelsunwell. C.Heforgetstotakehismedicine.4.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Finishedreadingabook. B.Haddinnerwiththewoman. C.Gaveaspeech.5.Howwouldthewomanliketogohome?A.Bybus. B.Bysubway. C.Bytaxi.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomangainweight?A.Sheeatstoomuch. B.Shefeelsstressed. C.Sheisattheageofgettingfat.7.Whatwillthemandotoloseweight?A.Gotoayogaclass. B.Joinajoggingclub. C.Gorunningeveryday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Gobackhomeearly. B.Gotoaparty. C.TalktoMom.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermother?[A.Kind. B.Strict. C.Open-minded.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inastore. B.Inapostoffice. C.Athome.11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthedelivery?A.Forfree. B.15yuan. C.20yuan.12.Whenwillthemangethisdelivery?A.Today. B.Tomorrow. C.Thedayaftertomorrow.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Friends. C.Colleagues.14.Whatdessertwillbepreparedtomorrow?A.Fruits. B.Strawberrypie. C.Chocolatecake.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.16.Whatwillthemandoafterlunchtomorrow?A.Watchafootballgame. B.Sendchildrentoschool. C.Takeashower.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.AtwhatagedidDessiSieburthstartlovingbirds?A.6. B.8. C.14.18.WhydoesDessimakeboxesforbluebirds?A.Theyareeverywhereinhishometown.B.Theyareeasytotrack.C.Theylosetheirnestplaces.19.What’sthefunctionofDessi’swebsite?A.Todoresearches. B.Toteachpeopleaboutbirds.C.Toraisemoneyforbirds.20.WhatdidDessidoinAlaskarecently?A.Heinterviewedbiologists. B.Heboughtsomegoldthere.C.Hestudiedonatypeofeagle.1-5BABAC6-10BCABA11-15ACACA16-20BBCBCText1M:WhatcolordoyouthinkisfitforDad?W:Ofcoursedeepblue.Howabouthavingabigbirthdaypartyforhimthisweekend?M:Goodidea.I’llpayforthejacketfirst.Text2W:Mr.Smith,Ifeelthelightinmyroomisturningdark.Couldyouasksomeonecometofixit?M:Noproblem,butyourrentdoesn’tincludethesefees.Youneedtopayitbyyourself.Text3M:Myheartbeatslikeadrum.Couldyoupleasecallthe911?W:OK.Doyoubringthemedicine?M:It’smyfirsttimefeelinglikethis,andIdon’ttakeanymedicine.Text4M:IhavefinishedreadingJean-Christopheyesterday.W:Ijustrecommendedittoyouyesterday.Youwon’tgetanythingfromit,ifyoureadwithoutreflecting.It’slikeeatingwithoutdigesting.Text5W:Thenextbusiscomingin15minutes.M:Let’stakethesubway.Thoughitneeds20-minute-walktogettothestation,itsavestimeintotal.W:Idon’twanttowalk.Takingataxihomeismychoice.Text6W:Iwanttoloseweight!Ididn’teatmuchinthiswinter,butIhavebeenoverweight.Maybeit’sbecauseofthepressureofwork.M:Ithinkformeit’sbecauseoftheage.W:Ihaveayogaclasstomorrow.Doyouwanttocomewithme?M:No,it’stooexpensive.I’vedecidedtotakesomeexercisesonmyown.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:Iplantorunaroundthetrackeveryday.InthemorningIrunforanhour,andintheafternoonIrunforanhour.W:Itsoundsgood.Text7M:Hello,Julia,Iknowapartywillbeginatmidnight.Wouldyoulovetogo?W:I’dloveto,butmymotherhasaskedmetogohomebeforeeighttonight.M:Whatapity!Thepartyisveryinteresting.Couldyouhaveatalkwithher?W:No.Ihavenochoice.Mymotherisalwaysverystrictwithme.M:Iknowyourmomisconcernedaboutyoursafety,butshe’sanopen-mindedmom.I’msureshe’llunderstand.W:No,Idon’tthinkso.Text8M:Okay,I’lltakeit.Bytheway,doyouprovidedeliveryservice?W:Yes,wedo.Youdon’tneedtocarrythefurniturehome.M:Doyouchargefordelivery?W:Normallyit’s20yuan.Butsinceyouhavespentover1,500yuan,wewilldeliverthefurnitureforyouforfree.M:Verygood.Couldyoudeliverittothisaddress?W:Sure,pleasewritedownyournameandyourphonenumber.M:OK.Canyoutellmethedeliverytime?Willyousenditthisafternoon?W:No,butnolaterthantomorrow.M:Well,couldyousenditthedayaftertomorrow?I’mnotathometomorrow.W:Noproblem.Text9W:DoyourememberthatJasonandhiswifearecomingfordinnertomorrownight?M:Oh,Ialmostforgotit.Atwhattime?W:Seveno’clock.M:Iguessweshouldexpectthemaround8:00then,eh?W:Theyarealwayslate.Haha.M:So,whatareyoumaking?W:IthoughtI’dmakesaladandbeefandthenchocolatecakefordessert.M:Yum.Chocolatecakesoundsgood.W:Thatremindsme.Wehavetogotothestoretomorrowmorningtopickupsomegroceries.M:Whatabouttomorrowafternoon?W:Well,that’sSaturdayafternoon.I’mgoingtoababyshowerforPauline.Anddon’tforgetourboyshaveasoccergame.You’llhavetosendthemtoschoolafterlunch.M:What?Iwassupposedtowatchabaseballgameat12:30withmyfriends.W:Sorry,Doug.Ihavetogototheshower,soIcan’ttakethem.Doyouwantthemtomisstheirgame?M:Alright.I’lltakethem.IguessIcanrecordthegame.W:Good.Text10M:Hello,everyone.Today’sguestisjust14yearsold,andheisprotectingbirdsaroundtheworld.HisnameisDessiSieburth.Hisloveofbirdsstartedwhenhemadehisfirstbirdfeederaboutsixyearsago.Now,hehashisowngroupcalled“ProtectingOurBirds”.Hehasbeenmakingwesternbluebirdboxesforaboutfouryears.Dessihangsthemupintreesandtakesthemdowneveryweekandlooksatthemtoseeifthebluebirdsarenesting.Hedoesthateveryyearduringthesummer.Hechoosesthebluebirdbecausetheynestindeadtrees,butalotofdeadtreesarebeingcutdown.Dessimakestheseboxestotaketheplaceofthetrees.Hedoesresearchaboutbirds,runsawebsitetoteachpeopleaboutbirdsandhowtohelpthem,andbuildsboxesforbirds.Dessihasinterviewedbiologists,writtenalotofarticlesonbirdsforlocalnewspaper.Dessialsorecentlyspent10daysinAlaskawithhisfamilywherehedidresearchongoldeneaglesinDenali第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMotoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?Hereare3storiestohelpmakeyourowndecision.HenryFordbuilttheQuadricycleIn1896,thegreatinventiveengineerHenryFordfinishedbuildinghisfirstcar,calledtheQuadricycle,inasmallshedbehindhishouse.Hebecameoneoftheworld’smostsuccessfulbusinessmenlater—butthistimehehadbadlymiscalculated.ThecompletedQuadricyclewouldn’tfitoutthroughthedoor.He’dbuiltitbiggerthanthewidthofthedoor.Henryhadtouseanaxetochopoutthedoorframetomaketheopeningwider.Thenhecouldultimatelygethispioneeringcreationoutforitsfirstdrive.ItisnowanexhibitinHenryNoelGallagherforgotbuyingacarMillionairerockstarNoelGallagherforgothe’dboughtabrand—newclassiccarfor£110,000.TheformerguitaristwaspuzzledwhenaJaguarMarkⅡarrivedathishouseonadeliverytruck.Itturnedouthehadorderedittwoyearspreviously.Atthetimeheorderedithehadhopedtolearntodrive—butnevergotroundit.Heforgotthewholething,andthecarstillsitsunusedinhisgarage.MariaMugnomadehercarhairyAccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecordstheworld’shairiestcarisaFiat50ownedbyMariaMugnoofSalernoinItaly.TheItalianhairdresserhasspenthundredsofhoursimportingbagsofhumanhairfromIndia,becausesheclaimsthehairisstronger.Shethensticksthelocksontoeverysurfaceofthecar,insideandout.HerfurryFiatisstillroad-illegalhowever.21.WhatisthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsaccordingtoSimon?A.Thedrivers. B.Theprice. C.Thespeed. D.Theappearance.22.Whatdothethreecarshaveincommon?A.TheyareGuinnessrecordholders. B.Theyareinventedbytheirowners.C.Theyarenotpermittedtogoonroad. D.Theyarenotinuseforcertainreasons.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anengineeringtextbook. B.Acaradvertisement.C.Anautomobilemagazine. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【导语】这是一篇应用文。汽车作家SimonHeptinstall曾经说过，关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。文章介绍了三个有趣的司机故事。21.细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Motoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?”(汽车作家SimonHeptinstall曾经说过，关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。司机的故事真的比他们的汽车更精彩吗？)可知，西蒙认为关于汽车最有趣的事情是司机。故选A。22.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“ItisnowanexhibitinHenryFordMuseum.”(它现在在亨利·福特博物馆展出。)，第三段最后一句“Heforgotthewholething,andthecarstillsitsunusedinhisgarage.”(他把整件事都忘得一干二净，那辆车仍然闲置在他的车库里。)和最后一段最后一句“HerfurryFiatisstillroad-illegalhowever.”(然而，她毛茸茸的菲亚特仍然是违法的。)可知，这三辆车的共同之处是它们都由于某些原因没有被使用。故选D。23.推理判断题。根据第一段“Motoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?Hereare3storiestohelpmakeyourowndecision.”(汽车作家SimonHeptinstall曾经说过，关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。司机的故事真的比他们的汽车更精彩吗？这里有三个故事可以帮助你做出自己的决定。)可知，文章讲了三个有趣的司机故事，所以文章有可能来自一本汽车杂志。故选C。BKieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.Hehadseenpeopledonatetheirhairtochildrenwhohadlosttheirsduringmedicaltreatmentandwantedtodosame.“Kieranhasalwaysbeenknownforhishair.Itwasabigpartofhispersonalityandwhohewas,”saidhismother,KellyMoise.“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.”InMay,Moisegraduatedfromhighschoolwithanimpressive19-inchAfro(非洲发式).ButwithhimsettoentertheU.S.AirForceAcademy,itwasfinallytimeforthebigcut.Tomaximizehisimpact,MoiseorganizedaliveeventatalocalbreweryinHuntsvilleandanonlinefundraisingcampaigncalled“Kieran’sCurlsforCancer”,whereheaimedtoraise$1,000perinchcut.OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.Bytheendoftheday,theeventraised$20,000forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandhascontinuedtoraisemoneyonline.AsofSaturday,itwasmorethan$39,000.“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause,”RichardC.ShadyacJr.,PresidentandCEOforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,toldCNN,“Kieran’ssimpleactofkindnessexemplifies(例证)thepowerofyoungergenerationsandissomethingtocelebrate,aselflessdecisionthatwillmakeadirectimpactonthelivesofthekidsatSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandchildreneverywhereforyearstocome.”24.WhatcontributedtoKieranMoise’sstartinggrowingouthishair?A.Hishigh-qualityfinehair. B.Thedeathofoneofhisfriends.C.Hiswitnessofchildren’spain D.Theencouragementfromhismother25.WhydoesKieranMoise’smothermentionhischildhood?A.Tointroducehiskinddeedsinthepast. B.ToprovehisuniquepersonalityC.Topraisehimforhiscontributions D.Toshowthatheiskindfromanearlyage26.What’smainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Kieran’skindnessbenefitedhimself B.Kieran’slovewillberichlyrewardedC.Kieran’sdeedswillinspiremorekindness D.Kieran’sbehaviorshowedanewformofcharity27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKieranMoise?A.Kind-heartedandcreative B.Kind-naturedandtolerantC.Good-naturedandambitious. D.Good-temperedandconsiderate【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了KieranMoise留长自己的头发捐给需要的人，他的慈善行为激发了其他人的更多慈善行为。24.细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“KieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.(18岁的KieranMoise在八年级时，失去一位因脑癌去世的朋友，后来开始留头发。)”可知导致KieranMoise开始长出头发是因为他的一个朋友的死，故选B。25.细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和爱心的人。从他6岁起，他就有了筹集资金并将其送给需要的人的想法，这一点从未改变)”可知KieranMoise的母亲提到他的童年是为了表明他从小就很善良，故选D。26.主旨大意题。文章最后一段讲到“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause(慈善捐赠有多种形式，从直接的慈善行为到有影响力的公开声明，激励其他人一起支持一项事业)”可知最后一段主要讲KieranMoise的事迹将激发更多的善意，故选C。27.推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和爱心的人。从他6岁起，他就有了筹集资金并将其送给需要的人的想法，这一点从未改变)”可知KieranMoise是心地善良的。文章倒数第三段讲到“OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.(5月29日，近100人参加了这场活动，他们观看了莫伊丝的编发和剪发。他的头发捐赠给了密歇根州的非营利组织“脱发儿童”，该组织为面临医学相关脱发的儿童和年轻人提供免费假发。)”可知KieranMoise是富有创造力。可知KieranMoise是心地善良并且富有创造力的，故选A。CThegarment(服装)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.Thebusinessmodeloffastfashionhasledtoanenormousincreaseintheamountsofclothesthatareproduced,sold,andthrown.AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.Someofthoseneverevenreachtheconsumers;itcausedaminorangerwhenin2018aluxurybrandadmittedtoburningclothesjusttoprotectthebrand.Yet,withclothesbeingsocheap,peopledonotwearatleast50percentoftheirwardrobes,accordingtothisstudy.Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.Waterusageforgrowingcottonhasledtohugelackofwater,andcoloringandtreatmentofgarmentsmakeup17%—20%ofallindustrialwaterpollution.Anindustrythatmakesbillionsontheuseoftheplanetdoesnotsuddenlybecomemoresustainable(可持续的)whentheystartusingorganiccotton,orstartburningtheirunsoldgoods(remember—peopleworkedreallyhardforverylittlemoneyonthoseclothes!)asagreenfuel…28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Toxic”meaninparagraph1?A.Colorful. B.Enormous. C.Beneficial. D.Poisonous.29.Whydopeoplethrowsomanyclothesaway?A.Thenewmodelclothingchangetooslowly.B.Someluxuryclothesarecheap.C.Therearemorenewclotheseveryyear.D.Theywanttomakefulluseofgreenfuel.30.Whatmaygarmentwasteinfluenceleast?A.Fishing. B.Climate. C.Transport. D.Agriculture.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Clothingwaste. B.Sourcesofpollution.C.Thegarmentindustry. D.Effectsofenvironmentalpollution.【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的浪费形式——服装浪费。28.词义猜测题。根据第一段的“Thegarment(服装)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.(服装行业是地球上最大的碳污染者之一，也是最大的废物制造者之一)”可知，废弃的服装会污染环境。由此可知，这些服装中含有有毒的化学物，因此toxic意为“有毒的，有害的”，与poisonous同义。故选D。29.推理判断题。根据第二段“AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.(根据麦肯锡的数据，从2000年到2014年，服装产量翻了一番，消费者平均每年多购买60%的服装)”和第三段的“About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.(每年大约生产1000亿件服装；也就说，地球上每一个人都拥有近14件)”可知，从2000年到2014年，服装产量翻一番，而且每年有约1000亿件衣服被生产出来，这几乎相当于地球上每个人拥有14件衣服。由此推知，人们扔掉衣服的原因是每年生产的新衣服实在太多了。故选C。30.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(有毒化学品进入环境和工人社区，棉花生产消耗大量水)”可知，服装浪费会影响农业和渔业；根据第四段的“Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.(服装和鞋类行业合计占全球气候影响的8%以上，超过所有国际航空公司航班和海运旅行的总和)”可知，服装浪费影响了气候。综上，服装浪费对运输业的影响相对较小。故选C。31.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“Thegarment(服装)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(服装业是地球上最大的碳污染源之一，也是最大的废物生产商之一。2018年制造的1000亿件服装中，有五分之三在一年内被填埋。有毒化学品进入环境和工人社区，棉花生产消耗大量水)”可知，介绍了一种新型的浪费形式——服装浪费，以及它带来的负面影响。故选A。DWhales,particularlybaleenandspermwhales,areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.Whenwhalesdie,theysinktotheoceanfloorandallthecarbonthatisstoredintheirextremelylargebodiesistransferredfromsurfacewaterstothedeepsea,whereitremainsforcenturiesormore.Scientistsfoundthatbeforeindustrialwhaling,populationsofwhaleswouldhavesunkbetween190,000to1.9milliontonnesofcarbonperyeartothebottomoftheocean,whichequalstakingbetween40,000and410,000carsofftheroadeachyear.Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Butwhalesarenotonlyvaluableindeath.Thetidesofexcrement(排泄物)thatwhalesproducearealsosurprisinglyrelevanttotheclimate.Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton(浮游植物).Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.“Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon,”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre-whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.32.Whathappenstothecarbonstoredinwhalesaftertheyarehunted?A.Itremainsintheirbodies. B.Itenterstheatmosphere.C.Itsinkstothedeepsea. D.Ittransferstosurfacewaters.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“microscopic”meaninParagraph3?A.Tiny. B.Destructive. C.Extinct. D.Rare.34.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Whalesaremorevaluableaftertheydie.B.Excrementofwhalesacceleratesglobalwarming.C.40%ofCO2isabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.D.Whalinghasanegativeinfluenceonclimatechange.35.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatWecanDotoSaveWhalesB.HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarthC.WhatisClimateChangeDoingtoWhalesD.WhyWhalePopulationsareDecliningSharply【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了捕鲸对气候的影响。32.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.(但是当它们被杀死时，它们的尸体被阻止沉入海底，碳就会被释放到大气中)”可知，鲸鱼被猎杀后，储存在鲸鱼体内的碳会被释放到大气中。故选B项。33.词句猜测题。根据前文“Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton.(它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件)”可知，划线词所在句中的主语Thesecreatures指的是浮游植物，再根据后文“but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere(但加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响)”结合常识可推知，此处表达“浮游植物虽然很小，但是加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响”之意，所以可推知microscopic意为“微小的”之意，和A项“Tiny”意思相近。故选A项。34.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton.Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.(它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件。这些生物可能是微观的，但加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响，吸收了所有产生的二氧化碳的40%，是亚马逊雨林吸收量的四倍)”倒数第二段中““Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon,”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.(鲸鱼和海豚保护组织的政策经理VickiJames说:“捕鲸已经从海洋中移除了一个巨大的有机碳泵，这将对浮游植物的生产力和海洋吸收碳的能力产生更大的影响。”)”可推知，捕鲸会降低浮游植物的数量，从而降低碳的吸收量，对气候有很大影响，所以捕鲸对气候变化有负面影响。故选D项。35.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whales,particularlybaleenandspermwhales,areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.(鲸鱼，尤其是须鲸和抹香鲸，是地球上最大的生物之一。它们在海洋中的存在塑造了它们周围的生态系统。这些生物也有助于确定地球的温度)”以及最后一段“Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre-whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.(这意味着，将鲸鱼数量恢复到捕鲸前的数量可能是应对气候变化的重要工具，并有助于略微减少每年化石燃料产生的大量二氧化碳)”可知，本文主要讲述了鲸鱼对气候的影响，主要是能减少大量二氧化碳，减少温室效应，所以B项“HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarth(鲸鱼如何帮助地球降温)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.36Slowitdown.Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.37Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.Theexperienceofbeingoverwhelmedcanfeelverychaoticandoutofcontrol,butwhenyouslowitdown,youarereclaimingcontrolovertheexperience.38Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.Takingthetimetounderstandthedatawillalsohelpyoubetterunderstandwhatyourbodyistryingtotellyouifyoumeetwiththesesituationsagaininthefuture.Release,regroup,andredirect.It’seasiersaidthandone,butwhenitcomestofeelingoverwhelmed,thebestthingyoucandoisletitgo.Thereleaseofthesourceoffeelingoverwhelmediscriticaltothe“gettingmylifebacktogether”componentofthisprocess.39Regroupingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutoclosethefeedbackloop(循环)onalltheslowingdown,steppingback,reflectingandreleasing.Itallowsyoutohittheresetbutton,andwithallyouknownow,youcanmoveforwardinapreparedandempoweredmanner.Lastly,youshouldredirect.40Evenifyourtrajectory(轨道)onlyslightlyaltereditscourse,that’sOK!Whatisimportantisthatyouhaveprocessedintegrated,andlearnedfromyourlifesothatyouarebetterpreparedforthefutureandmoreequippedtofaceit.A.Stepbackandreflect.B.Expresswhatyouaretrulyfeelingandthinking.C.Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.D.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyoumustmoveinatotallynewdirection.E.Anotherthingyouhavetodobeforegettingyourlifebacktogetherisregroup.F.Rethinkingaboutyourpreviousmistakesmightgiveyoucluestoavoidtheminthefuture.G.Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.【答案】36.G37.C38.A319.E40.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是当我们感到不知所措时一些可以帮助我们恢复正常生活的建议。36.根据空前“Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.(当你不知所措的时候，你会觉得事情太多了无法处理。每个人都会时不时地感到不知所措，但你仍然可以做一些事情来处理这种消极情绪。)”可知当一个人感到不知所措时依旧可以做一些事情来处理这种消极情绪，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是有一些消除消极情绪的可行建议可以提供，G项Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.(当你感到不知所措时，这里有一些建议可以帮助你恢复生活。)指出有一些建议可以参考，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选G项。37.根据空前“Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.(当你感到事情太多或不知所措时，你需要做得第一件事就是慢下来。)”可知当自己面对太多的事情而茫然不知所措时最好现让自己慢下来，根据空后“youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.(你将有更多的时间专注于现在，从而更悠闲地做事情。)”可知如果慢下来自己就会更从容地去处理事情，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是为什么慢下来以后会让让自己更从容，C项Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.(当你减速时，就好像你踩了刹车。)告诉我们减速之后感觉就像时间停止了，所以就会觉得拥有了更多的时间，与空后的Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresent衔接紧密，符合上下文语境。故选C项。38.空处为主题句。根据空后“Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.(如果你想知道如何让你的生活振作起来，是时候反思一下是什么导致了压力。反思是很好的，因为它可以帮助你整理从不堪重负中收到的数据。)”可知本段主要讲的是反思的好处，A项Stepbackandreflect.(退一步进行反思。)不仅形式上与二、四段标题一致，而且概括了本段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选A项。39.根据本段标题“Release,regroup,andredirect.(释放、重组、重新定向)”可知本段主要强调在你不知所措时要做到释放、重组和重新定向，根据空前“It’se