2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语-(新课标Ⅰ卷)-word版含答案、解析

试卷类型：B2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至13页。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，搭载本试卷上无效。4.第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.FindaplaceB.BuyamapC.Getanaddress

2.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?

A.RepairhercarB.GiveherarideC.Pickupaaunt

3.WhomightMrPetersonbe?

A.newprofessorB.AdepartmentheadC.Acompanydirector

4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?

A.QuitedifferentB.VeryinterestingC.Toosimple5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.WeatherB.Clothes.C.News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhyisHarryunwillingtojointhewoman?A.Hehasapaininhisknee.B.HewantstowatchTV.C.Heistoolazy.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Stayathome.B.TakeHarrytohospital.C.Dosomeexercise.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthemanbehomefromwork?A.At5:45.B.At6:15.C.At6:50.9.Wherewillthespeakergo?A.TheGreenHouseCinema.B.TheNewStateCinema.C.TheUMECinema.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.HowwillthespeakersgotoNewYork?A.Byair.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.11.Whyarethespeakersmakingthetrip?A.Forbusiness.B.Forshopping.C.Forhoilday.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Driverandpassenger.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fellowworkers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.14.WhatdoesJohndonow?A.He’satrainer.B.He’satourguide.C.He’sacollegestudent.15.Howmuchcananewpersonearnforthefirstyear?A.$10,500.B.$12,000.C.$15,000.them,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans’needforwood,whichscattered（驱散）theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedatthe【小题1】Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons_______.A.werethebiggestbirdintheworldB.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaC.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD.WerethelargestpopulationintheUS【小题2】Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons’_______.A.escapeB.ruinC.liberationD.evolution【小题3】Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.【小题4】WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.C.Itwasunfair.D.Itwasstrict.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了旅鸽逐渐消失的过程。【小题1】D.考查细节理解。在18世纪和19世纪初期，旅鸽的数量怎么样？根据Passengerpigeons（旅鸽）CAtypicalliontamer(驯兽师)inpeople’smindisanentertainerholdingawhip(鞭子)andachair.Thewhipgetalloftheattention,butit’smostlyforshow.Inreality,it’sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion’sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachiever(e,g.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore)–onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress?Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan’tfocusorthatwe’refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface,rememberthis:Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome….takeimmediateaction.Ifyou’reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetouttheway.【小题1】Whydoestheliontameruseachair?A.Totrickthelion.B.Toshowoffhisskill.C.Togetreadyforafight.D.Toentertaintheaudience.【小题2】Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?A.Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices.B.Theyholdontothewrongthings.C.Theyfindithardtomakechanges.D.Theyhavetodosomethingforshow.【小题3】Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertsmentionedinparagraph3?A.TolerantB.DoubtfulC.RespectfulD.Supportive【小题4】Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface”,you’readvisedto_____.A.waitforabetterchanceB.breakyouroldhabitsC.makeaquickdecisionD.askforclearguidanceDAsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000-7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations-UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem–haveformanyyearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCenter,YaleUniversity,whospecializesinthelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthattradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,lookingandraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.DocumentingtheTangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayansreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.AttheUniversityofNow,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded-theDigitalHimalayaProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject-Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungers.Generationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.ThankstodigitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailableInternet.Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities.【小题1】Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto_____.promotegloballanguagesrescuethedisappearinglanguagessearchforlanguagecommunitiessetuplanguagesresearchorganizations.【小题2】Whatdoes“thattradition”inParagraph3referto?HavingfirstrecordsofthelanguagesWritingbooksonlanguagesearchingTellingstoriesaboutlanguageusersLinkingwiththenativespeakers【小题3】WhatisTurin’sbookbasedon?TheculturalstaticsinIndia.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.HislanguageresearchinBritainHispersonalexperienceinNepal.【小题4】WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeTurin’sWork?Writesellanddonate.Record,repeatandreward.Collect,protectandreconnect.Design,experimentandreport.第二节（共3小题，每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Thejobsofthefuturehavenotbeeninvented,

36

Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.

1.Curiosity

Yourchildrenneedtobedeeply

curious.

37

Askkids,“Whatingredients

(配料)

canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime”andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?

2.Creativity

Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.

38

Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.ExperimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheirCreativity.

3.InterpersonalSkills

Understandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhatisgoing

on

inside

our

ownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.

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“Whydoyouthinksheiscrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”

4.SelfExpression

40

Therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas

¡ª

music,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.

A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.

B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.

C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.

D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?

E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.

F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.

G.Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.

【小题3】C考查上下文的语境理解。根据Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingand第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）完形填空（共20小题；每小题两分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutinebasis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis____41____atworkinpeopleofall_____42____.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout___43____withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir___44_____soonwearoffandbyJanuarythose_____45____toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof_____46____stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s____47_____interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild____48____bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the___49____ofcaringtheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescententerhighschoolwithgreat____50___butsoonlookingforwardto_____51___.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtothecollege.Andthen,howmany____52_____,whocomplainaboutthelongdrivestowork,____53_____droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst_____54____theirdriverslicenses?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually___55____todoalotof___56__things,whichneverhad__57___whileworking.But____58____afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey___59____.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew____60_____.【小题1】A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power【小题2】A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages【小题3】A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going【小题4】A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow【小题5】A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive【小题6】A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.newly-collectedD.half-filled【小题7】A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main【小题8】A.silentlyB.impatientlyC.gladlyD.worriedly【小题9】A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game【小题10】A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement【小题11】A.graduationB.independenceC.responsibilityD.success【小题12】A.childrenB.studentsC.adultsD.retirees【小题13】A.carefullyB.eagerlyC.nervouslyD.bravely【小题14】A.requiredB.obtainedC.noticedD.discovered【小题15】A.needB.learnC.startD.plan【小题16】A.greatB.strangeC.difficultD.correct【小题17】A.timeB.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge【小题18】A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon【小题19】A.lostB.chooseC.leftD.quit【小题20】A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues【小题8】C。考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。当父母带回家一只宠物，他们的孩子高高兴兴地给它洗澡、给它刷毛。第II卷第三部分英语知识运用（共两节满分55）阅读下面材料，用不多于3个单词的正确形式填空Areyoufacingasituationthatlookingimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionisterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Butriverw