高考英语阅读：阅读理解17份-高考英语阅读：阅读理解4

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

A

ByLOSANGELESTIMES

Publishedon2002-02-10

Postedon2002-01-1810：59：54

Nervousuncertaintysurroundsthefate（命运）ofUSjournalistDaniel

Pearl,withnoclearcommunicationfromhiskidnappers（绑匪）andnosign

ofhiswhereaboutsafterthreeseparatepolicesearchesforhisbodyin

thetroublesomeportcityKarachi,Pakistan.

Pearl,a38-year-oldWallStreetJournalreporter,disappearedtwoweeks

agoonhiswaytoaninterviewinKarachi.Anemailallegedlyfromhis

kidnapperscontainedfourphotosofhimandavarietyofdemands,

includingoneforthereleaseofPakistaniprisonersbeingheldatthe

USnavalbaseinCuba.

ThesearcheswerestartedlastFridaynightbyanemailclaimingthatPearl

hadbeenkilledandhisbodythrown“inthegraveyardsofKarachi.”

PearlhasworkedforTheWallStreetjournalfor12yearsandisnowtheir

SouthAsiabureauchief.HewasborninPrinceton,NewJerseyandgraduated

fromStanfordUniversitywithabachelor，sdegreeincommunications.

HejoinedTheWallStreetJournalinNovember1990,firstasareporter

intheAtlantabureau.In1993hemovedtotheWashingtonofficetocover

transportationbeforebeginningaseriesofoverseaspostings.

Themembersofaradical（激进的）IslamicgroupinPakistanwhoadmit

havingkidnappedhimsayPearlisamemberoftheIsraeliintelligence

service,Mossad.ButPearl，semployershaveangrilydenied（否认）thathe

istheagent（代理）ofanygovernment.

PearTsFrenchwife,Marianne,issixmonthspregnantwiththeirfirst

child.

ForthepastfewweeksthecouplehavebeenlivinginKarachiwhilePearl

triedtoarrangeaninterviewwithMubarakAliShahGilani,headofthe

smallmiclitantIslamicgroupTanzeemul-Fuqra.

56.Wecanseefromthetextthat.

APearlhasbeenmurderedBPearlhasescapedfromhiskidnappers

CPearlisindangerDPearl'sfatestillremainsinquestion

57Accordingtothetext,Pearlmostprobablydisappeared.

AonJanuary24,2002BonJanuary26,2002

ConJanuary4,2002DonJanuary11,2002

58PearTsdisappearancehassomethingtodowith.

ATanzeemul-FuqraBaradicalIslamicgroupinPakistan

CtheUSnavalbaseinCubaDtheIsraeliintelligenceservice

B

Studentparticipation（参与）intheclassroomisnotonlyacceptedbutalso

expectedofthestudentinmanycourses.Someprofessorsbasepartofthe

finalgradeonthestudent，soralparticipation.Althoughthereareformal

lecturesduringwhichthestudenthasapassiverole（i.e.,listeningand

takingnotes）,manycoursesareorganizedaroundclassroomdiscussions,

studentquestions,andinformallectures.Ingraduatediscussionsthe

professorhada“manager”roleandthestudentsmakepresentationsand

leaddiscussions.Thestudentsdotheactualteachinginthesediscussions.

Aprofessor，steachingmethodisanotherfactor（因素）thatdetermines

thedegreeandtypeofstudentparticipation.Someprofessorspreferto

controldiscussionwhileothersprefertoguidetheclasswithout

controllingit.Manyprofessorsencouragestudentstoquestiontheir

ideas.Studentswhoobjecttotheprofessor，spointofviewshouldbe

preparedtoprovetheirpositions.

Intheteachingofscienceandmathematics,thecontrollingmodeof

instructionisgenerallytraditional,withteacherspresentingformal

lecturesandstudentstakingnotes.However,neweducationaltrendshave

turnedupinthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesinthepasttwentyyears.

Studentsinedcuation,society,andhistoryclasses,forexample,are

oftenrequiredtosolveproblemsingroups,designprojects,make

pressentations,andexaminecasestudies.Sincesomecollegeor

universitycoursesare"practical”ratherthantheoretical,theypay

moreattentionto“doing“forthemselves.

59^Participationintheclassroomisnotonlyacceptedbutalso

expectedofthestudent”inmanycoursesexceptin.

AscienceandmathematicsBthehumanitiesandsocialsciences

CinformallecturecoursesDdiscussioncourses

60Fromthepassageweknowthateducationinthehumanitiesandsociety.

AhasnotchangedmuchBpayattentiontostudents，studyinginstead

ofteachers，teaching

Cismuchmoreimportantthanthatofscienceandmathematics

Dhasbecomemorepracticalthantheoretical

61Thereasonwhysomeprofessorsaskstudentstomakepresentationsand

leaddiscussionsisthat.

Atheseprofessorsareoftennotwellpreparedbeforeclass

Btheseprofessorswanttostrees"doing”

Ctheseprofessorswanttotestthestudents'abilities

Dtheseprofessorsarenotwillingtoteachtheory

62Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrueaccordingtothepassage?

AStudentparticipationisnotcommonintheclassroominmanycourses

likesociety.

BSomeprofessorswanttocontroltheclassroomdiscussion.

CSomeprofessorsusuallywantthestudentstotakepartintheteaching

ofscienceandmathematics.

DNeweducationaltrendshaveturnedupinteachingofnaturalsciences

suchaschemistry.

C

Scientistshavetriedtocomeupwithbiologicalexplanationsforthe

differencebetweenboysandgirls.

However,nonewerebelievableenoughtoexplainthegeneralpicture.As

onescientistpointsout,“Thereareslightgenetic（遗传的）differences

betweenthesexesatbirthwhichmayaffectthesubjectsboysandgirls

choose.Butthedifficultyisthatbythetimechildrenreachschoolage,

therearesomanyothereffectsthatitisalmostimpossibletotell

whethergirlsareworseatscienceandmaths,orwhetherthey'vebeen

broughtuptothinkofthesesubjectsasboys，'territory'".

Statistics（统计数据）showthatinmathematics,atleast,girlsareequal

toboys.Arecentreportsuggeststhatgirlsonlystopstudying

mathematicsbecuaseofsocialattitudes.Oneofthereports，authors

says,“Whileitissociallyunacceptableforpeoplenottobeabletoread

andwrite,itisstillacceptableforwomentosaythattheyare

'hope-less'atmaths.Ourresearchshowsthat,althoughgirlsgetmarks

whichareasgoodastheboys',theyhavenotbeenencouragedtodoso.”

Theexplanationforthedifference,whichisveryclearduringtheteenage

years,goesasfarbackasearlychildhoodexperiences.Fromtheirfirst

daysinnurseryschool,girlsarenotencouragedtoworkontheirownor

tocompletetasks,althoughboysare.Forexample,boysandnotgirls,

areoftenaskedto'help'withrepairwork.Thisencouragementleads

toawayoflearninghowtosolveproblemslateroninlife.Evidence（uE

据）showsthatexceptionalmathematiciansandscientistsdidnothave

teacherswhosuppliedanswers;theyhadtofindoutforthemselves.

Afurtherreportonmathsteachingshowsthatteachersseemtogivemore

attentiontoboysthantogirls.

Mostteacherswhotookpartinthestudyadmittedthattheyexpecttheir

malestudentstodobetteratmathematicsandsciencesubjectsthantheir

femalestudents.Allofthistendstoencourageboystoworkharderin

thesesubjects,givesthemconfidence（信心）andmakesthembelievethat

theycansucceed.

Interestingly,bothboysandgirlstendtoregardsuch'male'subjects

likemathematicsandscienceasdifficult.Yetithasbeensuggestedthat

girlsavoidmathematicscourses,notbecausetheyaredifficult,butfor

socialreasons.

Mathematicsandsciencearemainlymalesubjects,andtherefore,asgirls

becometeenagers,theyarelesslikelytotakethemup.Girlsdonotseem

towanttobeinopencompetitionwithboys.Neitherdotheywanttodo

betterthanboysbecausetheyareafraidtoappearlessfemaleandso,

lessattractive.

63Theunderlinedword“territory”inthesecondparagraphmost

probablymeans.

AinterestBareaoflandCspecialfieldDdistrict

64Accordingtoscientificstudies,.

AmathsisnotfitforgirlstolearnBboyshaveaspecialsenseof

maths

Cgirlsarepooreratmathsbecausetheyaretheweakersex

Dgirlscanlearnmathsaswellasboysifgivenenoughencouragement

65Thosewhomadeextraordinarycontributioninmathematicsandscience.

Ausuallyhadgoodteacherstohelpthem

Bhadtheabilitiestosolveproblemsbythemselves

Cusuallyworkedharderthanothers

Dwereencouragedtorepairthingswhenyoung

66Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothetext?

AItseemssociallyacceptableforagirlnottobeabletoreadandwrite.

BItisasocialproblemratherthanaproblemofbrainsthatgirlsare

pooratmaths

CMathematicsandsciencearenoeasysubjectstoeithergirlsorboys.

DThereisnoconnectionbetweenagirl，sabilityinmathsandher

appearance.

67Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

AWho,sAfraindofMathsAnyway?

BAreBoysClevererthanGirls?

CBoysAreBetteratMathsthanGirlsbyBirth

DMaths-ADifficultSubject

D

Thenexttimeyoutryforahigh-rankingpost,youcouldletyourpossible

bosslistentoarecommending（推荐）phonecall"made”byUSPresident

GeorgeW.BushorBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlair.

Ofcourse,neitherofthemcouldreallydothatforyou-youwould

just“borrow”theirvoices.

AT&Tlabswillstartsellingspeechsoftwarethatitsaysissogoodat

reproducingthesoundsofahumanvoicethatitcanrecreatevoicesand

evenbringthevoicesoflong-deadfamouspeoplebacktolife.

Thesoftware,whichturnsprintedtextintospeech,makesitpossiblefor

acompanytouserecordingsofaperson，svoicetosaythingsthatthe

personneveractuallysaid.

Possiblecustomersforthesoftware,whichispricedinthethousandsof

dollars,includetelephonecallcentres,companiesthatmakesoftware

thatreadsdigital（数学的）filesaloud,andmakersofautomatedvoice

devices（装置）・Theadvancesraiseseveralproblems.Who,forexample,

ownstherightstoafamousperson，svoice?（Someexpertsevenbelieve

thatnewcontracts（合同）willbedrawnthatincludevoice-licensing

clauses.）

Andalthoughscientistssaythetechnologyisnotyetgoodenoughtocommit

fraud（假冒），wouldthesynthesized（合成的）voicesatlastbeabletotrick

peopleintothinkingthattheyweregettingphonecallsordigitalaudio

recordingsfrompeopletheyknow?

EvenMrFruchterman,oneofAT&Tlab，spossiblefirstcustomers,saidhe

wonderedwhatthenewtechnologymightbring."Justlikeyoucan，ttrust

aphotographanymore."hesaid,“youwon，tbeabletotrustavoice

either.”

68Withthehelpofthespeechsoftware,itismostpossible.

Atoimproveafamousperson，sspeechBtosaywhatyouwantin

another，svoice

CtomakeaspeechmuchmoreeasilyDtohelpyoutofindabetterjob

69Ifthespeechsoftwarewerewidelyused,.

Apeoplewouldnolongerbelieveeachother

Bitwouldnotbenecessarytogoforaspeechbyafamousperson

CnoradioorTVbroadcasterswouldbeneeded

Drecordingofavoicealonewouldnotbetakenasaproofinthecourt

70Accordingtothepassage,youcaninferthat.

Athesoftwarewillturnouttobeanimmediatesuccessinthemarket.

Bthegovernmentwillforbidthesaleofthesoftwareinthemarket.

Cit'shardtodecidewhetherthesoftwarewillenjoypopularity.

Dthesoftwarewillsoonprovetobenothingbutrubbish.

71Thepassagemainlywantsto.

AintroduceanewsoftwareBexplainthedisadvantageofanewinvention

CadvertiseanewkindofproductDdescribethefuturemarketofanew

product

E

Althoughtheymaynotdiefromlackoflove,adultsalsoneedagreatamount

ofaffection（友情）andcompanionship.Inthepast,manypeoplespenttheir

entirelivesinthecommunitiesinwhichtheywerebornandraised.Many

morepeoplecontinuedtolivewiththeirparents,brothersandsisters

aftertheyweremarriedandhadchildrenoftheirown.Byremainingin

familiarcommunitieswithrelativesnearby,familieshadenough

opportunitiesforfriendlycontactandforsupportintimeoftrouble.

RecentstudiessuggestthatfamilyarrangementsinWesternsocietieshave

notchangedasmuchinthelastfewcenturiesasisgenerallybelieved.

Yetmostsociologistsagreethatinmodernsocieties,therearefewer

opportunitiesforfriendshipandsupportfromrelativesoutsidethe

immediatefamily.Parentsandchildrenoftenliveapartfromother

relatives,andseldomvisitthem.Also,thefamilymoveswhenaparent

acceptsajobinanotherplaceorwhenitdecidestoliveinabetter

neighborhood.Together,lonelinessandmobility（迁移）forceimmediate

familymemberstodependheavilyononeanotherforaffectionand

companionship.

Becausethefamilyisoneofthefewongoingsourcesofaffectionand

companionshipinmodernsocieties,ahighpercentageofpeoplecontinue

tomarry,eventhoughitispossibleforasinglemanandwomantolive

togetherwithoutmarrying.Ontheotherhand,becauseaffectionand

companionshiphavebecomesoimportant,familiesaremorelikelytobreak

upifthehusband，sorwife，semotional（情感的）needsarenotmetwithin

thefamilycircle-evenifallotherfamilyfunctions（功能）arebeing

satisfactorilyperformed,andinthissense,affectionandc