第02课2012原卷练习和分析

2012 4阅读理解解题1、抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点2、扫一下题干与ABCD四.阅读题型四大原则：此项特别重四.阅读题型四大原则：1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项.一般就是答案

National

15注：该文中心即文章题目---NationalHappinessInthelastcentury，newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However，onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia，thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.Itspeopleand ）culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan，however，wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread，andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then，in1972，anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutanto emodern，butwithoutlosingitsKingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredKingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNatonalProduct（GNPTheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoneyWhenthenumberofproductssoldincreasespeoplethecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased，thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.TodecideifpeopleHappiness（GNHGNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappierifhavehavehealthcare，education，andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy，protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhavea totherestoftheworld evisionandlivinglonger.Morepeoplearetotherestoftheworld evisionandlivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Teenty-fivepercentofthelandhasenationalparks，andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhas eademocracy.In2008，KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking，ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally，BhutanhasBhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople，cultures，andland.principlesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.principlesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil，perhapstherestofworldwillWhowasJigmeSingyeAAbuddistAA注解：该题为细节题，选择非常重要，我们在神表中讲到大写人名地名可,JigmeSingyeWangchuck应做为，正确选择 附近找与四个选项长的相的，C.Aking.答案迎刃而解。ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoTomakeitspopulationToTokeepitseparatefromtheToencourageitspeopletoget Tokeepitstraditionand注解：该题为细节题，选择非常重要，我们在神表中讲到大写人名地名JigmeSingyeJigmeSingyeWangchuck,Tokeep选择，在附近找与四个选项长的相Tokeep

应做 ，正traditionandcustoms答案迎刃而解五 如何抓住文章和句子的重围着中心转-----中心(第一句 结论（最后一句注意段落结构---段落中心(段落第一句)及段落结论（段落最后一句注意连词--- AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPspendingmorespendinglesssellingmoreprovidingmore注解：该题为细节题，选择非常重要，我们在神表中讲到大写人名地名可 ,GNP应做为 ，products答案迎刃而AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifhavenewhaveagood,canhaveagood, havemore注解该题为细节题选择 非常重要我们在神表中讲到除去常用提问式,题干可做为 peopeareapperfthey应做为 haveagood,stable 绝对原则：答案中有all,every,onlyalways等绝对词一般为 5.对错选择NOTtrue,(2)maymight,cancouldlikely，sometimes，probablysome……。在主句子才有效.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasureusingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirwokingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasuretakingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocial注解阅读理解解题1、抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点2、扫一下2、扫一下四.阅读题型四大原则：此项特别重四.阅读题型四大原则：1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项.一般就是答案 SomePeopleDoNotTasteSaltLike 12 ！致力于一级、二级、造价工程师、英语、中级经济师等培训；需要课程、请联系 ：孙老师100； 4一篇15分+二篇 ）12分三篇（较难6分 33请认真请认真参加练习，然后用后面加有注解的卷子再听讲CaffeineCaffeineisprobablythemostwidelyuseddrugintheworld.Humanshavebeenconsumingcaffeineforhundredsofyears,primarilyintheformofcoffee,tea,andcocoaHabitualcoffeeandteadrinkershadlongbeenobservedtohavealowerincidenceofnon-melanoma(melə'nəumə黑色素瘤)skincancers,althoughnooneknewwhyArecentstudyfoundthatcaffeineaffectsskincellsdamagedbyultravioletradiation,amaincauseofskincancer.Caffeineinterfereswithaproteinthatcancerouscellsneedtosurvive,leavingthedamagedcellstodiebeforethey ecancerousDrinkingcaffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithadecreasedincidenceofendometrial(予膜的)-thatis,cancerofthecellsliningtheuterus-Thestrongesteffectappearstobeoverweightwomen,whoareatgreatestriskforthedisease.Researchersbelievebloodsugar,fatcells,andestrogen(雌)mayyarole.Althoughthemechanismremainsunknownpeoplewhodrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeorteaadayreportedlyhaveabouthalftheriskofdevelochronicliverdiseaseasthosewhodrinklessthanonecupofcoffeedaily;caffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithloweredriskofcirrhosis(肝硬化)andlivercancer.Whilemanyofcaffeine'sundesirableeffects,suchaselevatedheartrateandbloodpressure,arebrief,someshort-termbenefits,includingpainrelief,increasedalertness,andincreasedphysicalendurance,havealsobeenattributedtocaffeine.Asacomponentofnumerousover-the-counterdietpillsandpainrelievers,caffeineincreasestheireffectivenessandhelpsthebodyabsorbthemmorequickly.constricting(收缩)bloodvesselsinthebrain,itcanalleviateheadaches-evenmigraines偏头痛)–andcanhelpcounterthedrowsiness眩晕)causedbyCaffeinedoesnotaltertheneedforsleep,butitdoesofferatemporarysolutiontofatigueforpeoplewhoneedtostayalert.Researchhasshownthatsleep-deprivedindividualswhoconsumedcaffeinehadimprovedmemoryandreasoningabilities,atleastintheshortterm.Studiesofrunnersandcyclistshaveshownthatcaffeinecanimprovetheirstamina-henceitsadditiontoenergy-boostingsportsdrinks.Peoplewhoconsumealotofcaffeineregularlymaydeveloptemporarywithdrawalsymptoms,headachebeingthemostcommon,iftheyquitorcutbackonitabruptly.Fortunay,thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwoinmostcases.Individualswhoaremoresensitivetothestimulatorysideeffectsofcaffeinemaywanttoavoidit,butmostdoctorsagreethattheequivalentofthreecupsofcoffeeadaydoesnotharmhealthypeople.Thereisnomedicalbasistogiveupdailycaffeineandmanyreasonstoincludeamoderateamountinone'sdiet.Drinkingcoffeeorteamaylowertheincidenceofnon-melanoma黑素瘤skinlowertheincidenceofbeingincreasetheincidenceofendometrialincreasetheincidenceofliverCaffeineisusedreducehighbloodcureliverrelievetreatskinSomeathletesusecaffeineincreasetheirenduranceimprovetheirmaintaintheirrelaxtheirCaffeinewithdrawal eanongoingmaylastaslongasaareusuallyshort-areweightlossandmentalDrinkingthreecupsofcoffeeamaynot mendedbymostwillprobablynotcauseisharmfultohealthymaybenefitsensitiveCaffeineCaffeineisprobablythemostwidelyuseddrugintheworld.Humanshavebeenconsumingcaffeineforhundredsofyears,primarilyintheformofcoffee,tea,andcocoaHabitualcoffeeandteadrinkershadlongbeenobservedtohavealowerincidenceofnon-melanoma(melə'nəumə)(黑色素瘤)skincancers,althoughnooneknewwhy.Aamaincauseofskincancer.Caffeineinterfereswithaproteinthatcancerouscellsneedtosurvive,leavingthedamagedcellstodiebeforethey ecancerous.Drinkingcaffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithadecreasedincidenceofendometrial(予膜的)cancer-thatis,cancerofthecellsliningtheuterus-Thestrongesteffectappearstobeinoverweightwomen,whoareatgreatestriskforthedisease.Researchersbelievebloodsugar,fatcells,andestrogen(雌)mayyarole.Althoughthemechanismremainsunknownpeoplewhodrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeorteaadayreportedlyhaveabouthalftheriskofdevelochronicliverdiseaseasthosewhodrinklessthanonecupofcoffeedaily;caffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithloweredriskofcirrhosis(肝硬化)andlivercancer.Whilemanyofcaffeine'sundesirableeffects,suchaselevatedheartratebloodpressure,arebrief,someshort-termbenefits,includingpainrelief,increasedalertness,andincreasedphysicalendurance,havealsobeenattributedtocaffeine.Asacomponentofnumerousover-the-counterdietpillsandpainrelievers,increasestheireffectivenessandhelpsthebodyabsorbthemmorequickly.Byconstricting(收缩)bloodvesselsinthebrain,itcanalleviateheadaches-evenmigraines(偏头痛)–andcanhelpcounterthedrowsiness(眩晕)causedbyCaffeinedoesnotaltertheneedforsleep,butitdoesofferasolutiontofatigueforpeoplewhoneedtostayalert.Researchhasshownthatsleep-deprivedindividualswhoconsumedcaffeinehadimprovedmemoryandreasoningthatcaffeinecanimprovetheirstamina-henceitsadditiontoboostingsportsPeoplewhoconsumealotofcaffeineregularlymaydeveloptemporarywithdrawalsymptoms,headachebeingthemostcommon,iftheyquitorcutbackonitabruptly.Fortunay,thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwoinmostcases.Individualswhoaremoresensitivetothestimulatorysideeffectsofcaffeinemaywanttoavoidit,butmostdoctorsagreethattheequivalentofthreecupsofcoffeeadaydoesnotharmhealthypeople.Thereisnomedicalbasistogiveupdailycaffeineandmanyreasonstoincludeamoderateamountinone'sDrinkingcoffeeorteamay 3lowertheincidenceofnon-melanomaskinlowertheincidenceofbeingincreasetheincidenceofendometrialincreasetheincidenceofliver注解：该题为细节题，选择非常重要，Drinkingcoffeeortea做关键词，在附近找与四个选项长的相的，lowerincidenceofnon-melanomamelə'nəumə(黑色素瘤skincancers.答案迎Caffeineisused 3reducehighbloodcureliverrelievetreatskin注解：该题为细节题，一般我们不主张用中心词作为，但在题干过短的情下，只有用Cafeine作为中心词,但由于是中心词，需多查几个。A.increasetheir.SomeA.increasetheir.B.improvetheirC.maintaintheirD.relaxtheir注解该题为细节题一般我们不主张用中心词作为但在出题人过于狡猾，将文中runnersandlits题干中改为thletes的情况下，只有用Cafeie作为中心词。Caffeinewithdrawal eanongoingmaylastaslongasaareusuallyshort-areweightlossandmental 附近无相同词汇，出题人将文中thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwo这种症状持续一至两天改为C.areusuallyDrinkingthreecupsofcoffeeamaynot mendedbymostwillprobablynotcauseisharmfultohealthymaybenefitsensitive，在附近无相同词汇，出题人将文中doesnotharmhealthypeople不会健康人改为B.willprobablynotcauseproblems改为可能不会引起问题。 4一篇15分+二篇 ）12分三篇（较难6分 33 156部分：完形填空(52~65115分201223 A第十一篇 第十二篇：Dreams（A级第十三篇：ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack(A级第十四篇 Profile（A级第十五篇：LifeExpectancyintheLastHundredYears（A级 15Everyonecandream.Indeed,everyonedoesdream.Thosewho (51)thattheyneverdreamatallactuallydream (52)asfrequentlyastherestofus, (53)theymaynotrememberanythingaboutit.Eventhoseofuswhoare (54)ofdreamingnightafternightveryveryseldomrememberthosedreamsin (55)detailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixtureofseeminglyunrelated (56).Dreamsarenotsimplyvisual-wedreamwithallour (57),sothatweappeartoexperiencesound,touch,smell,andtaste.Oneoftheworld'soldest (58)written sistheEgyptianBookofDreams.Thisvolumeisaboutfivethousandyearsold,soyoucansee (59)dreamswerebelievedtohaveaspecialsignificanceeventhen.Manyancientcivilizationsbelievedthatyou (60)neverwakeasleeas,duringsleep,thesoulhadleftthebodyandmightnotbeabletoreturn (61)timeifthesleeperweresuddenlyawoken.Fromancienttimestothepresent (62),peoplehavebeenmakingattemptstointerpretdreamsandto (63)theirsignificance.Therearemanybooksavailableonthe (64)ofdreaminterpretation,althoughunfortunaytherearealmostasmanymeaningsforaparticulardream (65)thereare2012原A. B. C. D.A. B.just C. D.A.though B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.known C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.in C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A.as B. C. D.练习1.A B C DA B C DAthough B C DA B C DAafter B C DA B C DA B C DA B C DAsee B C DA B C DA B C DA Bawoken C DA B C DA B C DA B C D52大约能拿到8—12分 52+8分请认真参加练习，然后用后面加有注解的卷子再听讲评概括大意与完成句子题型分为两部份,第一部份4分为概括大意,第二部4相同,我们已经有了抓住文章中心的基础,拿到此4分并不十分,而完成句并反复练习,对本部分不可期待过高,能拿到一半分数,即4分已经很好了。 1234题后的ABCDEF中的不会的名词查一下字典，1、2、3、4所指示的段落，即——1段、2英文的段落中心一般在该段的第一句或第二句(ButHowevernowso“”:)等。并注意该段中的中文注释。然后注意段落中是否重复选项如：usedcar(二手车）——secondhandcar（二手车，key(重要的)——important(重要的)。可以从课文中找到与选项中相同的句子和词组，从周围或段首与段尾中找第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(23~3018分2项测试任务：(1)23~266个选项中1个小标题;(2)27~306个选项中为MultipleSclerosis(MS)isadiseaseinwhichthepatient'simmune(免疫的)systemattacksthecentralnervoussystemThiscanleadtonumerousphysicalandmentalsymptoms,asthediseaseaffectsthetransmissionofelectricalsignalsbetweenthebodyandthebrain.However,thehumanbody,beingaflexible,adaptablesystem,cancompensateforsomelevelofdamage,soawithMScanlookandfeelfineeventhoughthediseaseispresent.MSpatientscanhaveoneoftwomainvarietiesofthedisease:therelapsingform(复发型)andtheprimaryprogressiveform.Intherelapsingform,thediseaseprogressesinaseriesofjumps;attimesitisinremission(减轻).whichmeansthata'snormalfunctionsreturnforaperiodoftimebeforethesystemgoesintorelapseandthediseaseagain esmoreactive.ThisisthemostcommonformofMS;80-90%ofpeoplehavethisformofthediseasewhentheyarefirstdiagnosed.Therelapse-remissioncyclecancontinueformanyyears.Eventually,however,Iossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionsstartstotakeceandthe elessfrequent.IntheprimaryprogressiveformofMS,therearenoremissionsandacontinualbutsteadylossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionstakesce.Thisconditionaffectsabout10-15%ofsufferersatdiagnosis.Theexpectedcourseofthedisease,orprognosis(预后),dependsonvariables:thesubtypeofthedisease,thepatient'sindividualcharacteristicsandtheinitialsymptoms.Lifeexpectancyofpatients,however,isoftennearlythesameasthatofanunaffected -providedthatareasonablestandardofcareisreceived.Insomecasesanear-normallifespanispossible.Thecauseofthediseaseisunclear;itseemsthatsomepeoplehaveageneticSusceptibility(易感性),whichistriggeredbysomeunknownenvironmentalfactorOnset(发作)ofthediseaseusuallyoccursinyoungadultsbetweentheagesof20and40.Itismorecommoninwomenthanmen;however,ithasalsobeendiagnosedinyoungchildrenandinelderlypeople.Paragraph Paragraph2 Paragraph Paragraph TherelapsingformofThecauseofTheprimaryprogressiveformofThedefinitionofThedevelopmentofThetreatmentforMSaffectsthecommunicationofnervecellsbetweenthebodyand AnMSpatientcanfeelfineforyearswithoutbeingaffectedmuchby 10-15%ofMSpatientsarediagnosedashaving Youngadultsmighthaveahigherchanceofdevelothediseasethan theelderlyrelativesofMStheprogressivethelifethetheMultipleSclerosis(MSisadiseaseinwhichthepatient'simmune(免疫的)systemattacksthecentralnervoussystemThiscanleadtonumerousphysicalandmentalsymptomsasthediseaseaffectsthetransmissionofelectricalthebetweenthebody

However,thehumanbody,beingflexible,adaptablesystem,cancompensateforsomelevelofdamage,soawithMScanlookandfeelfineeventhoughthediseaseispresent.therelapsingform(复发型)andtheprimaryprogressiveform.Intheform,thediseaseprogressesinaseriesofjumps;attimesitisinremission(减轻).whichmeansthata'snormalfunctionsreturnforaperiodoftimebeforethesystemgoesintorelapseandthediseaseagain esmoreactive.ThisisthemostcommonformofMS;80-90%ofpeoplehavethisformofthediseasewhentheyarefirstdiagnosed.Therelapse-remissioncyclecancontinueformanyyears.Eventually,however,Iossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionsstartstotakeceandtheremissions elessfrequent.Inthe

ofMS,therearenoremissionsacontinualbutsteadylossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionstakesce.Thisconditionaffectsabout10-15%ofsufferersatdiagnosis.Theexpectedcourseofthedisease,orprognosis(预后),dependsonmanyvariables:thesubtypeofthedisease,thepatient'sindividualcharacteristicsandtheinitialsymptoms.Lifeexpectancyofpatients,however,isoftennearlythesameasthatofanunaffected-providedthatareasonablestandardofcareisreceived.Insomecasesanear-normallifespanispossible.Thecauseofthediseaseisunclear;itseemsthatsomepeoplehaveageneticSusceptibility(易感性),whichistriggeredbysomeunknownenvironmentalfactor.Onset(发作)ofthediseaseusuallyoccursinyoungadultsbetweentheagesof20and40.Itismorecommoninwomenthanmen;however,ithasalsobeendiagnosedinyoungchildrenandinelderlyParagraph D.ThedefinitionofParagraph2 A.Therelapsingformof句(ButHowevernowso“ ”:)等。Paragraph

C.TheprimaryprogressiveformofParagraph E.ThedevelopmentofTherelapsingformofThecauseofTheprimaryprogressiveformofThedefinitionofThedevelopmentofThetreatmentforMSaffectsthecommunicationofnervecellsbetweenthebody_D.AnMSpatientcanfeelfineforyearswithoutbeingaffectedmuchby thedisease the10-15%ofMSpatientsarediagnosedashaving theYoungadultsmighthaveahigherchanceofdevelothedisease A.theelderlypeople theelderlyrelativesofMStheprogressivethelifethe5部分：补全短文(46~50题，每题2分，共10分下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短TheMysteriesofInthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusualartworksintheworldhasmystified(迷惑)peoplefordecades.(46)Butfromhighabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seass,allbeautifullycarvedintotheearth.TheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren’tdiscovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthearea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresonthein,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,buttheirpurposeisstillamystery.(47)However,itwouldprobablybeverytrickytolandaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofdogsandmonkeys.Inthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthedrawingsareachronicle(记录)ofthemovementofthestarsandnets.(48)later,anastronomertestedhistheorywithacomputer,buthecouldn’tfindanyrelationbetweenthelinesandmovementsinspace.Anotherexnationisthatthelinesmayhavebeenmadeforreligiousreasons.BritishresearcherTonyMorrisoninvestigatedthecustomsofpeopleintheAndesMountainandlearnedthattheysometimespraybythesideoftheroad.It’spossiblethatinthepast,thelinesofNazcawerecreatedforasimilarpurpose.(49)Butthelocalpeoplehaveneverconstructedanythingthisbig.Recently,twootherscientists,DavidJohnsonandSteveMabee,havespeculatedthatlinescouldhavebeenrelatedtowater.Nazcaisoneofthedriestcesintheworldandreceivesonly2cmofraineveryyear.WhileJohnsonwassearchingforancientwatersourcesinthearea,henoticedthatsomewaterwaysbuiltancientpeoplewereconnectedwiththelines.JohnsonbelievesthattheNazcalinesareagiantmapoftheundergroundwaterinthearea(50)HecalledNazca“thelargestastronomybookintheSeenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheScholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeoftheOtherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoproveASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesdesignedasalandingceforThelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialTheMysteriesofInthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusualartworksintheworldhasmystified(迷惑)peoplefordecades.(46)B.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.Butfromhighabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seass,allbeautifullycarvedintotheTheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren’tdiscovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthearea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresonthein,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,buttheirpurposeisstillamystery.(47)E.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingceforUFOs.However,itprobablybeverytrickytolandaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofdogsInthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthedrawingsareachronicle(记录)ofthemovementofthestarsandnets.(48)A.HecalledNazca“thelargestastronomybookintheworld”.later,anastronomertestedhistheorywithacomputer,buthecouldn’tfindanyrelationbetweenthelinesandmovementsinspace.Anotherexnationisthatthelinesmayhavebeenmadeforreligiousreasons.Britishresearche