中考英语总复习之特殊句型详解及练习

反意疑问句1、什么是反意疑问句的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如Youweremovedbyyourstudents,weren’tyou?情况属实：Yes,Iwere.情况不属实：No,Iweren’t.二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？否定+肯定？如：①Youcan’tdoit,canyou?你不能做它，是吗？②Theyareverylateforthemeeting,aren’tthey?他们开会迟到了，是吗？三．当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be动词包括：am,is,are,was,were助动词有：do,does,did,have（用在完成时）,has（用在完成时）等情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should例如：Sheisalovelygirl,she?她是一个可爱的女孩，是吗？Hewillgohome,__won’t____he__?他要回家了，是吗？Shedoesn’tliketoeatpopcorn,__does___she___?她不喜欢吃爆米花，是吗？Thebabywon’tsleepearly,will小宝宝睡得不早，是吗？it?注意：①Hehassupperathomeeveryday,doesn’the?(不能用hasn’the?)他每天在家吃晚饭，是吗？②Theyhaveknownthematter,haven’tthey?(不能用they?)他们已经知道那事情了，是吗？s,就用does,若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：Youcleanedyourhouselastweek,_didn’t_____you__?你上周打扫了你的房间，是吗？Yourfatherplaysthecomputerverywell,__doesn’t_____he_?你父亲电脑技术很好，是吗？Theylooksohappytoday,_don’t____they___?你今天看起来很高兴，是吗？little,few,never,hardly,nothing,barely,scarcely等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：①Shenevertellsalie,doesshe?(不用doesn’tshe?)她从不说谎，是吗？②Hewasseldomlate,washe?(不用wasn’the?)他几乎不迟到，是吗？六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为Iam……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’tI？表示。如：Iamaveryhonestman,aren’tI?我是个很诚实的人，是吗？七．陈述部分的主语为不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：①Somethingiswrongwiththecomputer,isn’tit?电脑有问题了，是吗？②Nothinghashappenedtothem,hasit?他们什么事也没发生，是吗？八、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone),anybody(anyone),nobody(noone),everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或they，这时问句动词的数应和he或they一致。如：①Someonehastakentheseat,hasn’the?有人已经坐了位置，是吗？②Everyonehasdonetheirbestinthegame,haven’tthey?每个人在比赛中已经尽力了，是吗？九．陈述部分为祈使句1）若为let’s引导，反问句用shallwe?例如Let’sgohometogether,shallwe?让我们一起回家，好吗？2）若为letus引导和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用willyou,例如Letusstoptorest,willyou?让我们停下休息，好吗？Don’tmakeanynoise,willyou?别弄出噪音，好吗？3）一般的肯定祈使句则用willyou或won’tyou都行，例如：Dositdown,won’tyou?/willyou?请坐，好吗？Youfeedthebirdtoday,willyou?今天你喂鸟，是吗？Pleaseopenthewindow,willyou?(won’tyou?)打开窗，好吗？十：陈述部分为There(Here)+be+主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。①Therearetwocakesontheplate,aren’tthere?碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？②HereisastoryaboutMarkTwain,isn’there?这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？巩固练习：1.Lindaatenothingthismorning,___?A.didn’tsheB.wassheC.didsheD.wasn’tshe2.There’shardly___milkinthebottle,_____there?A.no,isn’tB.some,isC.little,isn’tD.any,is3.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,___?A.doesheB.hasheC.hasn’theD.doesn’the4.—Heseldomcamehere,_____?—Yessir.A.didn’theB.doesheC.doesn’theD.didhe5.Everythingseemsallright,_____?A.doesitB.don’ttheyC.won’titD.doesn’tit7.Onecan’tbetoomodest,can_____?A.oneB.heC.itD.we8.Noonefailedintheexam,_____?A.washeB.didoneC.didtheyD.didn’the10.NeitheryounorIamaartist,_____?A.amIB.aren’tweC.areweD.n’tI11.Hecan’tbeherfather,_____he?A.isB.isn’tC.canD.can’t12.Theyhavenotimetovisitthemuseum,_____?A.dotheyB.haven’ttheyC.don’ttheyD.willthey14.You’dbettergoatonce,_____you?A.hadn’tB.didC.didn’tD.don’t15.You’dratherworkthanplay,_____you?A.hadn’tB.wouldn’tC.didn’tD.mustn’t16.Youdarenotdothat,_____you?A.don’tB.doC.dareD.daren’t18.Hedislikesthetwosubjects,_____he?A.doesB.doesn’tC.isD.isn’t19.Thesetoolsareuselessnow,_____?A.aretheyB.aren’ttheyC.isitD.isn’tit20.Heusedtogetupat6:30,_____he?A.didn’theB.didheC.usedheD.wouldn’the22.Heoughttowinthefirstprize,_______he?A.mustn’tB.oughtn’tC.shouldn’tD.BothBandC.23.Let’sgotherebybus,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.don’tyouD.willyou24.Letusgotoplayfootball,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.arewe25.Don’tforgettogivePollysomefoodandchangeherwater,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.won’tyouD.doyou26.—Let’sgoshoppingthisafternoon,_____?—Allright.A.willweB.shallweC.don’tweD.arewe27.—Passmethedictionary,_____?—Yes,withpleasure.A.wouldyouB.willyouC.won’tyouD.wouldn’tyou30.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,____?A.isn’tthereB.isn’titC.isitD.isthere32.Therewon’tbeanyconcertthisSaturdayevening,_____?A.willtherenotB.willthereC.isthereD.won’t33.—IguessshetaughtherselfJapanese,______?—Yes.A.don’tIB.didsheC.doID.didn’tshe34.Idon’tbelieveyouareright,_____?A.areyouB.doyouC.won’tyouD.do35.Shedoesn’tthinkthatTomsingsbestintheclass,_____?A.doessheB.doesn’tsheC.doesheD.doesn’the37.Iknowyoudidn’twanttohurtme,_____?A.didyouB.didn’tyouC.doID.don’tI38.Ifmyfatherwereherehewouldbeveryhappy,_____?A.weren’theB.wereheC.wouldn’theD.wouldheKey:—5CDBDD6—10BACDC11—15AABAB16—20CCBBA21—25CDBAA—30BBBAD31—35BBDAA36—38AAC感叹句和"how"引导，"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。一、强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语.如：①Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聪明的姑娘呀！②Whataninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！③Whatgoodchildrentheyare!他们是多么好的孩子呀！④Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花呀！⑤Whatdeliciousfooditis!多么有味的食物呀！⑥Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！二、由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果howHow+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语.如：①Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！②Hownicethepicturesare!多么漂亮的图画呀！③Howhappytheylook!他们显得多么高兴呀！④Howwellshesings!她唱得多好呀！⑤Howhardtheyareworkingnow!他们干得多么起劲呀！三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用"what"引导，也可用"how"引导。如：①Whatahotdayitis!Howhotthedayis!多么热的天气呀！②Whattallbuildingstheyare!Howtallthebuildingsare!多么高的楼房呀！③Whatbadweatheritis!Howbadtheweatheris!多么糟糕的天气呀！④Whatbrightsunshineitis!Howbrightthesunshineis!多么明亮的阳光呀！四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：①Whatafineday!多么晴朗的天呀！②Whatanhonestboy!多么诚实的孩子呀！③Whatredapples!多么红的苹果呀！④Howcool!好凉快呀！⑤Howwonderful!精彩极了！巩固练习：1).________difficulthomeworkwehadyesterday!2).________cutedogitis!3).________interestingthestoryis!4).________badtheweatherinEnglandis!5).________honestboyTomis！6).________tastysmellthecakegaveoff!7).________goodtimewehadonthebeachyesterday!8).________excitingnewsyou'vebroughtus!9).________coolyournewcaris!10).________scarythesetigersare!二、选择填空。1._______fasttheboyran!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan2._______wellyousingbut_______badlyhedances!3.________deliciousthesoupis!I’dlikesomemore.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan4._______foolstheywere!Theybelievedwhatthemansaid.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan5._______foolishtheywere!Theybelievedwhatthemansaid.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan6._______difficultquestionstheyare!Ican’tanswerthem.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan7.Imissmyfriendverymuch._______Iwanttoseeher!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan8._______lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!A.HowB.HowanC.What9._______beautifulyournewdressis!A.HowB.HowanC.What10._______interesti