定从名从解题方法

------------------------------------------------------------------------定从名从解题方法名从和定从解题方法一.什么是句子？A.首字母大写B.末尾有“.！？或；”C.一定的语法结构D.清晰完整的意思(含语气等)二．什么是从句?1．定义：一个句子在另一个句子中充当形容词、名词、或副词使用，这样的句子叫从句。2．特征：1必须句首有关联词2必须在句法结构上同主句一样完整正确3语序为陈述语序（即主语在谓语前）3．例句：(一).简单句1Iknowit.2Iknowtheplacereferredto.3Iputthemoneythere/inthehouse.4Thehouseisknowntoall.5ShecamefromNanjing.6ThatisShanghai.(二).复合句()1Iknowwherehelives..2Iknowtheplacewherehelives.3Iputthemoneywherehelives.4Itisknowntoallwherehelives.5Shecamefromwherehelives.6Thatiswherehelives.三．运用1和2的概念来解下面的题1．It___hot,we’dbetterhaveaswim.It___hot,sowe’dbetterhaveaswim.It___hot;we’dbetterhaveaswim.A.isB.beC.beingD.been2.Hehaseightboys,threeof_____studyinghere.Hehaseightboys,threeof_____arestudyinghere.Hehaseightboys,andthreeof___arestudyinghere.Hehaseightboys;threeof_____arestudyinghere.themB.whomC.whoD.they3.______leavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelights._______leavetheroomlastshouldturnoffthelights.______leavestheroomlastisveryobvious.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.WhoE.Thosewho4.______isobviousthathedoesn’twanttoseeyou.______isobvious,hedoesn’twanttoseeyou.______isobviousisthathedoesn’twanttoseeyou.A.ItB.AsC.whatD.howE.why5.(1)Isthishouse____myfatheroncelivedin?(2)Isthisthehouse___myfatheroncelivedin?(3)Isthishousetheone___myfatheroncelived?(4)Isthisthehouse___myfatheroncelived?(5)Isthishouse____myfatheroncelived?(6)Wasitinthishouse___myfatheroncelived?A.theoneB.whichC.whereD.thatE.X6.(1)_____totheleft,andyou'llseethebusstop.(2)____totheleft,you'llseethebusstop.(3)____downtheradio----thebaby'ssleepinginthenextroom.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnD.Ifyouturn四．高考考什么：从句的关联词的判定五．三大从句关联词的特征名从：三类：1.that不做成分,无疑意,不可省(只在引导第一个动词宾从时可省)2.whether不做成分,有疑意,不可省(if只用于宾从且不与ornot连用)3.wh+和how系列做成分定从:二类:1.关代:____后从句不完整（即缺主宾表定和介宾成份之一）2.关副:____后从句完整（即不缺主宾表定与介宾）六.难点:1.能否根据句意及句子结构将复合句定出来----是否是复合句,若是,是哪种从句(概念把握准确到位否,是关键)2.当定下来是哪一从句后,具体关联词是哪一个,关联词相互间的区别及各自独特的功用(记住这些关联词区别及各自独特功用是最后解题成败之关键)七.从句解题入手方法(一般解法)1.看_____后的从句是否完整(根据五个基本句型中的主宾表定缺否及所要表述的语意)2.若不完整,则从句关联词为名、代、形容三大类词若完整，则从句关联词为副词、连词3．据句意及关联词区别及各自独特功用，判定到具体哪个关联词以定从为例(从定义到解题到注意事项)定语从句1概念:以从句的形式出现来修饰限定(限定性)或补充说明(非限定)名词或代词的结构叫定语从句,或叫形容词性从句.2功能:(一个名词短语中的)修饰限定语.3构成:由关系词引导而成.4位置:位于被修饰的名词或名词成分之后.5关系词的分类:关系代词和关系副词.6关系词的功能:1)替代先行词在从句中充当成分;2)引导从句,连接主句和从句.Shehastwosons,bothof___areintheuniversity.A.themB.whomWesinghighlyofthesunthatriseseasteverymorning.7关系代词:物which/that/as人who/whom/that物主whose(先行词+whose+n)关系副词:时间when地点where原因(thereason)why关系词的选择问题(解题):1)判断从句中是否缺了主干部分(主,宾,表,定，介宾),缺了就填入关系代词把句子补充完整,不缺就填关系副词.2)把先行词还原到它本来在从句中的位置.3)关键在于判断从句中的谓语动词是不是及物.Imissthedays___wespenttogetherlastyear.Imissthevillage___Iwasborn.Imissthevillage___Icametothecityfrom.Imissthevillage___Ilivedin10years.Imissthevillage___Ilived10years.Imissthevillage___Ivisitedlastyear.8关系代词在从句中的主干成分问题:1)主语:Doyouknowthegirlthat/whoistalkingwiththedirector?2)宾语:Iliketheflowers（which/that）youboughtformeverymuch.3)表语:Heisnotthemanthathewas3yearsago.4)介宾:Thewindow（which/that）Ioftenwatchtheseaoutofwasmadebymydad.9有时尽管先行词是物,但我们只能用which/that中的一个.只用that的情况:1)关系代词是不定代词all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theoneetc.Weshoulddoall___isusefultothepeople.Thereisnothing___canbesaidaboutit.Doyoumeantheone___wasboughtyesterday.2)先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,just,very等修饰时Theonlything___wecandowastowait.Youcantakeanyseat__isfree.Thisisoneofthebooks___Iboughtyesterday.Heistheonlypersonthat/(who)Iwanttotalkto.3)先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时WhenwetalkaboutHangzhou,thefirst___cametoourmindistheWestlake.4)先行词是最高级或被最高记级修饰时Thisisthebest___wecanbedonenow.5)先行词既有人又有物Thedirectorandhismovie___youhavejusttalkedaboutisreallypopular.6)主句是therebe结构Thereisstillaseat___isfree.7)在双重从句中,其一已经用了which,另一个用thatHebuiltupafactorywhichproducedthings___hadneverbeenseenbefore.8)先行词是主句表语,或关系词本身是从句表语Myhometownisnolongertheplace___isusedtobe.9）当句中已有who时，为避免重复。例如：WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?10）用作关系代词，修饰表示时间的名词如day,time,moment等，代替when。例如：Ithappenedonthedaythat/whenIwasborn.只用Which的情况:1)介宾结构中:IsthistheroominwhichMr.Whitelives?2)非限定性定语从句中:Hisdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.3)双重从句中,其一已用了that,另一个用which4)当关系代词后带有插入语Hereisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpyoualot.10当先行词是人,只选who情况1)先行词是(the)one,(the)ones,anyone,those，he,ect.Thosewhoarenotfitfortheirworkshouldleaveofficeatonce.2)在therebe结构中Thereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou.3)当先行词后有较长的后置定语ImetaforeignerintheparkyesterdayafternoonwhocouldspeakChineseverywell.11限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别限定性:限定先行词的意思和范围,不可省,和主句关系密切非限定:对先行词进行补充说明,可省,和主句用逗号隔开.12考试重点难点:1)先行词是时间或地点名词时注意关系代词和关系副词的选择.（按所做成分定）2)which和that的选择及who和that的选择3)非限定从句中who/whichas/which的选择4)一些复杂结构:A介词或介词短语+which/whom/whose+n.Iwillrememberyourkindwords,fromwhichIfindmybelief.Imustsaythankstoyou,fromwhomIhavelearntalot.Imissthecottage,outofwhosewindowIusedtowatchthesea.B数词one,two,threeetc代词alot,anumber,many,much,all,either,neither,each,several,some,few,little,mostTheoldladyhadtwosons,bothofwhomwerekilledinthewar.Ihavemanybooks,fewofwhichareinEnglish.Theoldlady,bothofwhosesonswerekilledinthewar,livesalonelylife.Cwhat引导的名词从句和that引导的定语从句what=thethings(that…)=allthethings(that)shedidwhatshecouldtohelpherson.Shedidall(that)shecouldtohelptoherson.WhatIhavearebooks.=AllthethingsIhavearebooks.=ThethingsthatIhavearebooks.D关系副词和介宾结构的区别:后者更明确,对介词的要求很严格.IrememberthedaywhenImether.IrememberthedayonwhichImether.E一些易错问题:在定语从句中加了多余的宾语:SomeoftheboysIinvited(them)didnotcome.定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式:SheisoneoftheteacherswhospeakFrench.SheistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhospeaksFrench.省掉了在从句中作主语的关系代词:Childrenwho/thateatalotofsugargetbadteeth.定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词:Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing.5)which和as作关系代词引导非限制定语从句，其先行项是主句或主句的谓体部分的情况。①whichTheysayheplaystruants,whichhedoesn’t.Thingsthenimproved,whichsurprisesme.Jackexplodedafirecrackerduringalesson,Theplanemaybeseveralhourslate,inwhichcasethere’snopointonourwaiting.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.Which引导的从句只能置于主句之后。②.asAs作关系代词引导的从句可以置于先行项---即它所依附的主句---之前，之后，或其间主语之后，用逗号隔开。译作“正如。。。”，表同主句一致的真实性，从句常是以下形式：Aseverybodyknows/Asyoumayremember/Asyousay/AsIcansee/AsIhavesaidAsI’mtold/Asyoumayhaveheard/Asissaidabove/AsismentionedaboveAsisreportedinthenewspaper/AsisoftenthecaseAs在从句中作宾语，表语或主语（这时谓动只能是be动词或其它系动词）Jane,asyousaid/aswassaid,isaliar.Asyousaid/aswassaid,Janeisaliar.Janeisaliar,asyousaid/asissaid.Sheisextremelypopularamongthestudents,asiscommonknowledge.Shehasmarriedagain,aswasnatural./wasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichdelightedus.（as不作动作动词的主语）Shehasmarriedagain,*aswasunexpected.whichwasunexpected.(与主句意义不一致)2004年全国高考定语从句练习1.（全国卷23题）TheEnglishplay___mystudentsactedattheNewYear'spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich2.（北京卷34题）______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.It B.AsC.That D.What3.（广西卷28题）Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich4.(湖南卷23题)Iworkinabusiness_____almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.A.howB.whichC.whereD.that5.（吉林卷23题）Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers______shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that6.（天津卷23题）Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,___,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which7.（江苏卷33题）________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As8.（浙江卷35题）Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which9.（上海卷40题）Astorygoes______ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethatbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that10．（辽宁卷35题）Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%__aresoldabroad.A．ofwhich B．whichof C．ofthem D．ofthat11．（湖北卷23题）Therewas____time_____Ihatedtogotoschool.A．a;that B．a;whenC．the;that D．the;when12．（湖北卷25题）Therearetwobuildings,____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh. A．thelargerB．thelargerofthemC．thelargeronethatD．thelargerofwhich13．（湖北卷29题）Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____hesaidit. A．theway B．inthewaythat C．inthewayD．thewaywhich14.（上海卷36题）Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone___theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom15.（北京卷26题）GeorgeOrwell,___wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.A.therealname B.whathisrealnameC.hisrealname D.whoserealnameKey1-5CBACA6-10DDDDA11-15BDADD练习1.(1)Tomgotthefirstplace,______madehisparentshappy.(2)Tomgotfirstplace,and_______madehisparentshappy.A.asB.whichC.thatD.this2.(1)_______iswellknowntoall,theearthisround.(2)_______iswellknowntoallthattheearthisround.A.ThatB.withC.ItD.As3.(1)________knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit,Ithink.A.WhoB.ThatC.NomatterwhoD.Whoever(2)Don’ttrusthim,______hesays.A.whatB.nomatterwhatC.whateverD.BandC4.Whichistherestaurant______youonceworkedinyoursparetime?A.which B.inwhichC.forwhich D.inwhere5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows，mostof_____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.these B.thoseC.that D.which6.Doyoulike_____hespeakstoyou?A.theway B.thewayinthatC.thewaywhich D.thewayofwhich7.Thestorybroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.until B.whichC.duringwhich D.where8.Thescienceofmedicine，________progresshasbeenveryrapidlately，isperhapsthemostimportantofallthesciences.A.towhich B.inwhichC.which D.withwhich9.Alecaskedthepoliceman______heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withhim B.who C.withwhom D.whom10.Wearelivinginanage________manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.which B.that C.whose D.when11.Thegentleman________youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.who B.aboutwhomC.whom D.withwhom12.Shelikestousewords______arecleartohim.A.ofwhichthemeaningsB.meaningsofwhichC.whoseofmeaningsD.meaningsofwhose13.Gonearethedays________theworkingpeoplesufferedfromcoldandhunger.A.onthat B.atwhichC.when D.withwhich14.Isthereashoparound_______Icangetsomefruit?A.which B.whereC.it D.what15.Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.it16.Heisaman____wecanlearnverymuch.A.ofwhomB.thatC.ofwhoD.fromwhom17.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,___leadingactorisworldfamous?A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.ofwhich相似结构(注意分析练习)：1．（1）TherearetwoboysinPeter's，bothofwhomarewhite．（2）TherearetwoboysinPeter's，andbothofthemarewhite．2．（1）Thiskindofplantgrowsbestattheplaceswhereitiswarmandwet．（2）Thiskindofplantgrowsbestwhereitiswarmandwet．3．（1）JohnisoneofthestudentswhoknowEnglish．（2）JohnistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowsEnglish．（3）OneofthestudentsknowsEnglish．4．（1）HereissuchaheavystoneasIcan'tmove．（2）HereissuchaheavystonethatIcan'tmoveit．5．（1）Asisknowntousall，thelightontheearthisgivenbythesun．（2）Itisknowntousallthatthelightontheearthisgivenbythesun．6．（1）Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon，asweallknow．（2）Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon，andweallknowit．7．（1）WasitOctober1，1949whenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded？（2）WasitonOctober1，1949thatthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded？8．（1）I'llneverforgetthedaysthat／whichIspentwithhim．（2）I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIwasborn．9．（1）Hefailedintheexamagain，aswasexpected．（2）Hefailedintheexamagain，whichwasnotwhathehadexpected．（3）Hefailedintheexamagain，whichmadehisparentsangry．10．（1）IbelievedthemanwhoIthoughtwashonest．（2）IbelievedthemanwhomIthoughttobehonest．11．（1）Onmay5wereachedBeijing，wherewestayedforaweek．（2）Onmay5wereachedBeijing，andtherewestayedforaweek．12．（1）Givemethereasonwhyyouarelate．（2）Thereasonthathegaveuswasunacceptable．13．（1）Thenewsthathetoldmeistrue．（2）ThenewsthathewillcomebackfromtheU．S．istrue．14．（1）Thehousewhoseroofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired．（2）Thehousetheroofofwhichwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired．15．（1）ThisisthesamekeyasIlostyesterday．（2）ThisisthesamekeythatIlostyesterday．16.（1）Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.（2）Whorobbedthebankisnotclear.17.（1）Hefailedintheexamagain，aswasexpected．（2）Hefailedintheexamagain，whichwasnotwhathehadexpected．（3）Hefailedintheexamagain，whichmadehisparentsangry．八．名从高考题练析1．（02上海）There’safeelinginme_____we’llneverknowwhataUFOis--notever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what2.（02上海）Perseveranceisakindofquality---andthat’s_____ittakestodoanythingwell.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why3.(04福建)Itwaswithgreatjoy_______hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhasbeenfound.A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that引申1)Itwasat8:00____hecamehere.2)Itwas8:00______hecamehere.3)It’s8hours_____hecamehere.4)It’llbe8hours______hecomeshere.5)It’sthe8thtime_____he____(come)here.6)It’stime____he____(come)here(everyday).7)Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_____itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.(04.福建)A.thatB.beforeC.whenD.sinceE.what4.（高考示例题）（91高考）（引申）It’sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____henorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever引申复合关系词whatwhateverwhicheverwhoeverwhomever1.(01.全国)Acomputercanonlydo_____youorderedittodo.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.after2._____youdohasnothingtodowithme.A.NomatterwhatB.HowC.WhateverD.However3.Goodstudentsalwayspayattentionto____theteachersaysinclass.A.whenB.whyC.whatD.how4.Thatwarm—heartedwomanoftenhelps_____isintrouble.A.whoB.whomC.whomeverD.whoever5.-----CanIsitinthefrontrow?------Yes,youcantake______seatyoulike.A.whateverB.whatC.whicheverD.which6.（04沪春）Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that5.-----Doesheliketohaveteaorcoffee?-----Itisunknown_____shewouldliketohave.A.howB.asC.thatD.which6It’sknowntous_____thereispollution,thereisharm.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.thatwhere7(04.大联考)Aman’sworthliesnotsomuchin____hehasbut____heis.A.what,whoB.what,whatC.that,thatD.what;all8.Loudoncityisnotatall____atravelerwhohasneverseenthedesert,beforecanexpect.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where9.（04全国）Severalweekshadgoneby_____Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when10.（98全国）（改）Ilike_____whenshekissedme.A.thatB.itC.thisD.her11.Eat____youlikeandleavetheothersfor____comesinlate.(上海2000春)A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever12.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why(上海2001春)13.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that(上海2001)14._____isnopossibility____Bobwillwinthefirstprizeinthematch.(上海2001春)A.There;thatB.It;thatC.There;whetherD.It;whether15.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.(上海2001)A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as17.___fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which(上海2002春)18.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview，pleaserememberthegoldenrule：Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly____hewants．上海2002春A．whatB．whichC．whenD．that19.Itisprettywellunderstood____controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.上海2003春A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how20.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars____roadconditionsneed_____.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving附:高考英语句型结构题精选1.(1)_____totheleft,andyou'llseethebusstop.(2)____totheleft,you'llseethebusstop.(3)____downtheradio---thebaby'ssleepinginthenextroom.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnD.Ifyouturn2.(1)____manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandthequestion.(2)____manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandthequestion.(3)____methebadnews,hewentoutoftheroomsadly.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HewastoldD.Althoughhewastold3.(1)Whomwouldyourather___withyou,TomorJack?(2)There'snobushere.We___thereonfoot.(3)---Whereareyourparents?---They___toShanghai.A.havetogoB.havegoneC.havegoD.havetogone4.(1)ThePartymembersshoulddoallthey____thoseintrouble.(2)Abraham'smotherdidwhatshe___him.(3)Let'sgoandaskforourteacher'sadvice.He_____us.(4)Thereisalotofairinloosesnow,which___tokeepthecoldout.A.canhelpB.cantohelpC.couldtohelpD.can'thelp5.(1)Nothingcouldmakeus___upthehope.(2)Crusoemadeacandle___light.A.togiveB.givenC.givingD.give6.(1)____,theoldladywasknockedbyacar.(2)____,acarknockedtheoldladydown.A.WhilecrossingthestreetB.WhileshecrossedthestreetC.ShecrossedthestreetD.Crossedthestreet7.(1)Tom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkhard,but___didn'thelp.(2)Tom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkhard,____didn'thelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it8.(1)Thepolicemanorderedthatthecar___here.(2)Thepolicemanorderedthecar____here.A.nottobeparkedB.wouldbeparkedC.notbeparkedD.mustbestopped9.(1)___anengineer,soheknewhowtorunthemachine.(2)___anengineer,heknewhowtorunthemachine.A.BeingB.AsC.LikeD.Hewas10.(1)Itwasfiveo'clock___hecametoseeme.(2)Itwasatfiveo'clock____hecametoseeme.(3)Itisfiveyears____Ileftschool.(4)Itwasfiveyears___hejoinedthearmy.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since11.(1)Iwant___yourbag.(2)Youreyeswant___.(3)Theboysaid,"Idon'twant___.Letmebe.(4)Iwantmyeyes___thisafternoon.A.examinedB.toexamineC.tobeexaminedD.examining12.(1)---Johnwonthefirstprizeinthecontest.---_____.(2)ThedoctoraskedCharlietobreathedeeplyand____.(3)YesterdayIwenttothemovies,____.A.SohedidB.sodidheC.Sohedidtoo.D.hedidso13.(1)Isthishouse____myfatheroncelivedin?(2)Isthisthehouse___myfatheroncelivedin?(3)Isthishousetheone___myfatheroncelived?(4)Isthisthehouse___myfatheroncelived?(5)Wasitinthishouse___myfatheroncelived?A.theoneB.whichC.whereD.that14.(1)Weather___,we'llgoandpayavisittoyourschool.(2)Ifweather____,we'llgoandpayavisittoyourschool.A.permitsB.permittedC.permittingD.ispermitted15.(1)ItwasnotuntilIhadreadyourletter___thetruth.(2)NotuntilIhadreadyourletter____thetruth.A.didIlearnB.Ididn'tlearnC.thatIlearnedD.thatIhadlearned16.(1)____iswell-knownthatAntarcticaisdifficulttoreach.(2)___iswell-known,Antarcticaisdifficulttoreach.(3)___iswell-knownisthatAntarcticaisdifficulttoreach.A.ItB.WhichC.WhatD.AS17.(1)What'sthewaySmiththoughtof___enoughmoneytobuythenewhouse?(2)I'mthinkingof___Tomtorepairmybike.A.gettingB.togetC.beinggotD.havinggot18.(1)HesaidintheschoolwherehestudiedJapanese____.(2)HesaidintheschoolwherehestudiedJapanesethere____.A.were500studentsB.werenottaughtC.had500studentsD.hadnogoodJapaneseteachers19.(1)Hesaidhewoulduse___hehadtogetanewcarforher.(2)Haveyouheard___hehadtogetanewcarforher?A.thatB.whatC.aboutD.which20.(1)Wedon'tallow___intheofficebecauseofthepublichealth.(2)Wedon'tallowanyone___intheofficebecauseofthepublichealthA.tosmokeB.tobesmokingC.smokingD.smoke21.(1)Mylittlebrotherenjoysnothingbut___tothepopmusic.(2)Mylittlebrotherdoesnothingalldaybut___tothepopmusic.(3)Mylittlebrotherhadnotchoicebut___tome.A.listenB.listensC.tolistenD.listening22.(1)Whichdoyoufind___tolearn,JapaneseorEnglish?(2)Ifind___tolearnEnglishthanJapanese.(3)Markedwithnumbers,thebookscanbefound___.A.easyB.easierC.moreeasilyD.itmucheasier23.(1)___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(2)___isnoneedforustodiscusstheproblemagainsinceithasalreadybeensettled.(3)____isunnecessaryforyoutoexplainittousanymore.(4)____isatleasttenyearssinceIleftschool.(5)Hurryup!___isgoingtosnow.(6)___isnodoubtthathe'llcome.(7)___isnousearguingwithsuchaman.(8)___isnoknowingwhatmayhappeninonehundredyears'time.(9)___isgoingtobeanEnglishcompositioncontestthisafternoon.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.There24.(1)Noonecanstopus___outourplan.A.carryingB.tocarryC.fromcarryingD.carried(2)Themanstoppedaschoolboy___himtheway.A.askB.askingC.fromaskingD.toask(3)Stop___,please.Let'sbeginourclass.A.totalkB.talkingC.fromtalkingD.talk(4)Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped___onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest25.(1)I'msorrytohavekeptyou___solong.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitingforD.wait(2)Theheavyrainkeptus___out.A.fromgoingB.goingC.togoD.withgoing(3)Whydoyoukeep___thesamemistake?A.onmakingB.makingC.tomakeD.make(4)Yourpapersmustbekept____againlater.A.tobereadB.readingC.fromreadingD.toread26.(1)---Doyoumind___here?---Sorry,itisn'tallowed.A.ifIsmokeB.smokingC.mysmokingD.tosmoke(2)It'sverycoldtoday.Wouldyoumind___thewindow?A.myclosingB.closingC.ifIcloseD.toclose(3)Wouldyoumind___formeforffewminutes?A.waitB.yourwaitingC.waitingD.ifyouwait27.(1)---DoyouhaveanyideawhatJackdoesallday?---IknowhespendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingTVashe____.A.writesB.iswritingC.doeswritingD.doestowrite(2)Hespentthewholevacation____thenovel.(3)Youshouldhavemadegooduseofthetimeyouspenttogether___thematter.A.discussB.discussedC.discussingD.todiscuss28.(1)Iknowitisn'timportantbutIcan'thelp___aboutit.A.think