简明实用英语PPT资料

简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语第一页，共75页。UnitTwo

Time

SectionⅠListeningandSpeakingSectionⅡIntensiveReadingSectionⅢGrammarSectionⅣAppliedWritingSectionⅤReadingPracticeSectionⅥCulturalTips简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第二页，共75页。SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking

CompanyPresentationTuneInTask1Directions:Listentotheconversationstwiceandanswerthequestions.KeyWordsexpand[iks'pænd]vt.扩张(kuòzhāng)rate[reit]n.速度output['autput]n.产量case[keis]n.箱BACK简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第三页，共75页。Task2Directions:Listentothedialoguetwiceandfillintheblankswiththemissingwords,thenhavearole-playwithyourpartner.KeyWordsemployee[emplɔi'i:]n.职员；员工(yuángōng)industrious[in'dʌstriəs]adj.勤勉的；刻苦的cooperative[kəu'ɔpəreitiv]adj.合作的；协力的简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第四页，共75页。ListenOnTask1WarmingUp—PatternsLearning

StarterWhatisyourcompanydoes?

☆What’sthenetprofitslastyear?☆Pleasetellmemoreaboutyourcompany.

Responses☆Ourcompanymakeselectronicequipment.☆Ournetprofitswereover1millionYuanlastyear.Ourcompanyconsistsof4majororganizations:ProductionDepartment,Sales&MarketingDepartment,AccountingDepartmentandHumanResourcesDepartment..简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第五页，共75页。StarterWhatdoyoumainlydo?☆Howlonghaveyoubeeninthisbusiness?Isyourcompanyalargeone?What’syourannualproduction?Whatdidyouthinkourfactory?Responses☆Wemainlydealinimportandexporttrade.☆Wehavebeeninthislinesince1996.Yes.It’salargestate-ownedenterprise.Wehaveeightbranchesandtwoplantslocatedthroughout.☆Theannualoutputisabout15,000units.☆Topdrawer.Wecandefinitelydoadeal.简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第六页，共75页。Task2Directions:Listentothedialoguetwiceandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestions.KeyWordsstaff[stɑ:f]n.全体人员；全体职员technician[tek'niʃən]n.技术员ensure[in'ʃuə]vt.

担保；保证welfare['welfɛə]n.

福利(fúlì)participation[pɑ:.tisi'peiʃən]n.

参加简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第七页，共75页。Task3Directions:Listentoadialoguetwiceandwritedownyouranswerinnomorethan3words.KeyWords&Phrasesfacility[fə'siliti]n.设施(shèshī)；设备process['prɔses]n.程序；过程assembleline组装线equipment[i'kwipmənt]n.装备；设备mechanical[mi'kænikəl]adj.机械的；手工操作的简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第八页，共75页。Task4Directions:Listentoashortpassagethreetimesandwritedownyouranswerinnomorethan3words.KeyWordsheadquarter['hed'kwɔ:tə]n.总办公处specialize['speʃəlaiz]vt.专长(zhuāncháng)；专营telecom

['teləkɔm]n.电信telecommunicationexceed[ik'si:d]vt.超过；越出persist[pə'sist]vi.坚持efficiency[i'fiʃənsi]n.效率简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第九页，共75页。SpeakOutTask1TranslateDirections:WiththehelpoftheChinesegiveninthebrackets,translatethedialogueorally.A:(我们工厂给你印象最深的是什么(shénme))_________________________________?B:Well,Ithinkit’syourstress(对先进设备和技术的重视)__________________________________thatimpressesmemost.简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件第十页，共75页。A:Yes.Manyplantsmakelowprofitduetotheout-of-dateequipmentandtechnology.B:So(你们(nǐmen)一定收到很多订单吧)________________________________,right?A:Yes,wereceiveddozensofordersonlylastmonth.B:Ialsohaveinterestinyourplantandyourproductsaswell.(希望能和你们(nǐmen)做生意)_________________________.A:That’sgreat.It’salsoouropinion.第十一页，共75页。Task2Role-playDirections:Withthehelpofthefollowingdialogue,workwithyourpartnerandtrytopresentyourownconversation.A=ClientB=ManagerA:Whenwasthisfactoryfounded?B:In1978withacapitalof3millionUSdollars.A:Howmanyemployeesdoyouhave?B:Thereareabout1500intheplant,and80intheoffice.第十二页，共75页。A:Youareexpandingyourplant?B:Yes.Ournewplantwillstartproductionnextmonth.A:Thatwillhelptospeedthingsup.B:Ofcourse.Itwilltaketwoyearsaltogetherindoingit.第十三页，共75页。SectionⅡIntensiveReading

Time-consciousAmericansPreview ThispassageshowshowAmericansregardtime,howadjustingtoanotherculturerequiresfocusedeffortandhowonepersontriestorelateinadifferentculture.BACK第十四页，共75页。TextTime-consciousAmericans Americansbelievenoonestandsstill.Ifyouarenotmovingahead,youarefallingbehind.Thisattituderesultsinanationofpeoplecommittedtoresearching,experimentingandexploring.TimeisoneofthetwoelementsthatAmericanssavecarefully,theotherbeinglabor. “Weareslavestonothingbuttheclock,”ithasbeensaid.Timeistreatedasifitweresomethingalmostreal.Webudgetit,saveit,wasteit,stealit,killit,cutit,accountforit;wealsochargeforit.Itisapreciousresource.Manypeoplehavearatheracutesenseoftheshortnessofeachlifetime.Oncethesandshaverunoutofaperson'shourglass,theycannotbereplaced.Wewanteveryminutetocount.第十五页，共75页。

Aforeigner'sfirstimpressionoftheU.S.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush—oftenunderpressure.Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoing,restlesslyseekingattentioninastore,orelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirshopping.Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallexchangeswithstrangers.Don'ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly.

第十六页，共75页。

ManynewarrivalstotheStateswillmisstheopeningexchangesofabusinesscall,forexample.Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinarestaurantorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk;muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner,orforaroundonthegolfcoursewhiletheydevelopasenseoftrust.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.Timeis,therefore,alwaystickinginourinnerear.第十七页，共75页。 Consequently,weworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime.Weproduceasteadyflowoflabor-savingdevices;wecommunicaterapidlythroughfaxes,phonecallsorE-mailsratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts,whichthoughpleasant,takelonger—especiallygivenourtraffic-filledstreets.We,therefore,savemostpersonalvisitingforafter-workhoursorforsocialweekendgatherings. Toustheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand.Insomecountriesnomajorbusinessisconductedwithouteyecontact,requiringface-to-faceconversation.InAmerica,too,afinalagreementwillnormallybesignedinperson.However,peoplearemeetingincreasinglyontelevisionscreens,conducting“teleconferences”tosettleproblemsnotonlyinthiscountrybutalso—bysatellite—internationally.第十八页，共75页。 Somenewarrivalswillcomefromcultureswhereitisconsideredimpolitetoworktooquickly.Unlessacertainamountoftimeisallowedtoelapse,itseemsintheireyesasifthetaskbeingconsideredwereinsignificant,notworthyofproperrespect.Assignmentsare,consequently,felttobegivenaddedweightbythepassageoftime.IntheU.S.,however,itistakenasasignofskillfulnessorbeingcompetenttosolveaproblem,orfulfillajobsuccessfully,withspeed.Usually,themoreimportantataskis,themorecapital,energy,andattentionwillbepouredintoitinorderto“getitmoving”.第十九页，共75页。Questions:Question1:HowistimetreatedinAmerica?Question2:Whatisaforeigner'sfirstimpressionoftheU.S.likelytobe?Question3:WhywillnewarrivalstotheStatesmissmanysocialbehaviorsduringabusinesscall?Question4:WhatexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowthatAmericansworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime?Question5:Whatisthemainideaofthisparagraph?第二十页，共75页。NewWordsbudget['bʌdʒit]

vt.&n.vt.toplanthespendingoforprovide(money)inaplan为……做预算n.aplantoshowhowmuchmoneyapersonororganizationwillmakeandhowmuchtheywillneedorbeabletospend预算▲acute[ə'kju:t]

adj.1.(offeelingsorthesenses)fine;sharp（指感觉或感官）深刻的；敏感的；尖锐的2.severe;verygreat严重的foreigner['fɔ:rinə]

n.personfromacountryotherthanone'sown外国人▲restless['restlis]

adj.1.unabletobestillorquiet,esp.becauseoflackofinterest,impatience,anxiety,etc.（尤指因厌烦、烦躁和焦虑而引起的）不安定的或不安静的2.alwaysmoving好动的第二十一页，共75页。restlessly['restlisli]

adv.不安定地；不安静地elbow['elbəu]vt.&n.vt.topushsb.toonesidewiththeelboworelbows用肘把人推到一旁n.(outsidepartofthe)jointwherethearmbends肘（续）brief[bri:f]adj.1.lastingonlyashorttime;short短暂的2.(ofspeechorwriting)usingfewwords（指说话或写作）用字简练的，简洁的opening['əupəniŋ]adj.&n.adj.first初始的n.1.(esp.sing.)beginning;start开始2.position(inabusinessorfirm)whichisopenornotoccupied（商号或公司的）职位空缺第二十二页，共75页。⊙ritual['ritjuəl]adj.&n.adj.ofordoneregularlyfollowedinexactlythesamewayeachtime例行的；惯常的n.amethodfollowedrepeatedlyinthesamewayeverytime固定的程序interaction[,intə'rækʃən]munication;workingtogether交流；相互作用；相互影响leisure['li:ʒə]n.1.timefreefromworkorotherduties;sparetime空闲;闲暇2.ease悠闲;安逸leisurely['li:ʒɚli]adj.withouthurrying从容的；不匆忙的assess[ə'ses]vt.tojudgeordecidetheamount,value,qualityorimportanceof估价;评价第二十三页，共75页。surroundings[sə'raundiŋz]n.(pl.)alltheobjects,conditions,etc.thatarearound(andmayaffect)sb./sth.;environment周围的事物；环境▲golf[gɔlf]n.高尔夫球（户外运动，打高尔夫球的人设法以最少击球数把小硬球打入场内9或18个洞中）generally['dʒenərəli]adv.1.usually;inageneralsense一般地；通常地2.bymostpeople;widely广泛地；普遍地⊙probe[prəub]v.&n.v.1.toexamine(sth.)closely查究;探究;彻底调查2.exploreorexamine(sth.)withorasifwithaprobe（用探针或探测器）检查；探查n.(esp.innews)completeandcarefulienquiryintosth.(尤为新闻用语)查究；彻底调查（续）第二十四页，共75页。⊙tick[tik]v.&n.v.(ofaclock,etc.)tomakeasequenceofquietshortregularlyrepeatedsounds（指钟表等）滴答滴答地响vt.toputamark()beside(apoint,etc.)在（项目旁）打上勾号n.1.lightandregularlyrepeatedsound,esp.thatofaclockorwatch（尤指钟表等）滴答声2.amark(√)勾号(√)consequently['kɔnsikwentli]adv.asaresult;so因此；所以saving['seiviŋ]n.1.amountsaved节省；贮存2.(pl.)moneysavedup储蓄金labor-saving['leibə'seiviŋ]adj.designedtoreducetheamountofworkoreffortneededtodosth.省工的；节省劳力的第二十五页，共75页。device[di'vais]n.1.thingmadeoralteredforaspecialpurpose器械；装置2.aplan,esp.foraratherdishonestpurpose策略；诡计fax[fæks]n.传真机；传真E-mail[i‘meil]n.电子邮件(electronicmail的缩略)⊙elapse[i'læps]vi.(oftime)topass（指时间）过去；逝去skillful['skilfəl]

adj.havingorshowingabilitytodosth.well熟练的；有技巧的第二十六页，共75页。skillfulness['skilfəlnis]

n.熟练；灵巧competent['kɔmpitənt]

adj.(ofpeople)havingthenecessaryability,skill,knowledge,etc.（指人）有能力（技术、知识）的；胜任的fulfill[ful'fil]vt.1.toperform(sth.)orbring(sth.)toacompletion履行；执行；完成2.satisfy(sth.);answer满足；与……相符第二十七页，共75页。PhrasesandExpressionssresultin导致；造成……的结果nothingbut只有；除……以外什么也不accountfor解释；说明……的原因（续）chargefor收费；要价sandinthehourglass沙漏中的沙（沙漏上端所盛细沙用一小时从窄缝中漏到下端）inarush匆忙的underpressure在压力下；在强力下第二十八页，共75页。gowith同时发生；伴随savefor储存；储蓄athand正考虑的；在附近；在手边inperson亲身；亲自dueto由于；因为beworthyof值得的；配得上的workat工作；从事于；钻研第二十九页，共75页。TeachingGuideBackgroundInformationLanguagePointsStructureAnalysisReferenceTranslation第三十页，共75页。ReadingComprehensionI.Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageyouhaveread.

1.WhatmakestheAmericanpeoplecommittedtoresearching,experimenting,andexploring?A.Theattitudethatifoneisnotmovingahead,heisfallingbehind.B.Theirexperienceindoingresearchesandexperiments.C.Theirabilitytodealwithdifficulties.D.Theirinterestinresearch,experimentandexploration.第三十一页，共75页。2.Whatdoesthesentence“Weareslavestonothingbuttheclock”mean?A.Weareslaves.B.Weareunderthecontroloftimeonlyandnothingelse.C.Theclockisnothingbutourslaves.D.Wetreattimeasourslaves.

3.Whatdoesthewriteradviseyoutodoifyoumisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallexchangeswithstrangers?A.Donottakeitpersonally.B.Takeitseriously.C.Trytomakeaconversationwiththem.D.Makeyourselfbusywithyourownbusiness.第三十二页，共75页。4.IntheU.S.,ifapersonsolvesaproblemquickly,itprovesthat

.A.heisnothonestB.heisnotresponsibleC.heisskillfulandcompetentD.heisimpatient

5.HowdoAmericansviewtheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunication?A.Itshowsthesignificanceofthematterathand.B.Ithaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand.C.Itshowsyourattitudetowardsthematterathand.D.Itisimpersonalandimpolite.第三十三页，共75页。VocabularyandStructureII.Fillintheblankswiththeproperwordsgivenbelow,changingtheformifnecessary.1.Youcan'tseeanimalsintheirnatural

atazoo.2.Itisdifficultto

theimportanceofthedecision.3.Hecameintotheroomhurriedly,withanairof

anxiety.4.Heisvery

inhiswork.5.Nurseryschoolsshould

thefunctionofpreparingchildrenforschool.6.Wetalkedaswewalked

along.7.He

forallhisexpensesinthecomingyear.acutecompetentsurroundingsassessfulfillleisurebudget第三十四页，共75页。III.Thereare10incompletestatements.PleasecompleteeachonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.

1.Hemadeacomplainttothemanagerthatthewaiter

toomuchforhisservice.A.offeredB.gaveC.costD.charged

2.Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople

harmthem.A.otherthanB.lessthanC.morethanD.ratherthan

第三十五页，共75页。3.Thecar

gas.A.runsoutB.runsacrossC.runsoutofD.runsoff

4.Aftercarefulthinking,theengineerhas

theconstructingplan.A.workedonB.workedoutC.madeoutD.broughtout5.Thetrainis

toarriveat10∶30.A.owingB.dueC.becauseD.thanks

第三十六页，共75页。6.

hisinexperience,hehaddoneagoodjob.A.GivingB.GivenC.HavinggivenD.Togive7.Itisessentialthattheseexercise-books

backassoonaspossible.A.mustbehandedB.arehandedC.behandedD.willbehanded

8.Fromthenon,Iwascommitted

losingtheweightandgettingintoshape.A.withB.inC.toD.for

第三十七页，共75页。9.Hehasbehavedinthemostunusualway;Ican't

hisactionatall.A.accountforB.runawayC.countonD.chargefor

10.Iamreallygladtohavetheopportunityofmeetingyou

person.A.inB.forC.withD.at第三十八页，共75页。TranslationIV.TranslatetheChineseintoEnglish.

1.Marrycouldn'tevenpickupthebox,(更谈不上把它拿到楼上去了).2.Hecannotgowithoutwineforoneday；(他已完全成了酒鬼).3.Hisbehavior(值得大家(dàjiā)赞扬).4.Thisisduepartlytothefactthetelephoneserviceissuperbhere,(而邮政服务的效率则低多了).5.Healwaysworksbest(在压力之下).第三十九页，共75页。V.Choosethebesttranslationaccordingtothesentencesnumbered1through4givenbelow；translatetheEnglishinsentence5intoChinese.1.Wewanteveryminutetocount.A.我们要计算每一分钟。B.我们希望(xīwàng)每一分钟都过得有意义。C.我们要珍惜使用。D.时间宝贵，我们要珍惜每一分钟。第四十页，共75页。2.Don'ttakeitpersonally.A.不要自己拿走。B.不要太过认真(rènzhēn)。C.不要认为这是针对你个人的。D.不要认为这是个人行为。

3.Thesun,whichhadhiddenallday,nowcameoutinallitssplendor.A.太阳要么不出来，要么就普照大地。B.金光灿灿的的太阳破云喷薄而出。C.红彤彤的太阳藏了好几天才总算展露其风采。D.整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了。第四十一页，共75页。4.Metalhasmanyusefulproperties,ofwhichstrengthisthemostimportant.A.金属在诸多(zhūduō)特征中以硬度最为重要。B.具有强度的金属有多种用途。C.金属有许多有用的性能，其中强度最重要。D.金属坚硬耐磨才是其最重要的性能。

5.PleasesubmityourwrittenapplicationandpersonalresumeinEnglishandChinese,statingyourpresentandexpectedsalary,togetherwithcopiesoftestimonials(证书),characterreferences,arecentpassportsizephotograph(nonreturnable),contactaddressandtelephonenumberstothefollowingaddressnolaterthanMay8,.第四十二页，共75页。PracticalReadingReadingthecontribution.ContributionsWantedDec.11,1.Thismagazineismainlyintendedforteachersandstudents.ItispublishedonthefifteenthofeverymonthinNinghai,FujianProvince.2.Contributionsinallformsandstylesarewarmlywelcome,e.g.(1)Revolutionarystories,poems,skits,folk-songs;(2)Articlesaboutsportsandrecreationalactivities,riddlesandgames,humorandjokes,andcartoons;(3)Backgroundknowledgeabouthistory,travelnotesandbiographies;(4)Translationarticles;(5)Interestingeventsindailylife;……第四十三页，共75页。

3.Contributionsareexpectedtobewithina3000-wordlimit.Theyshouldbewrittenclearlyandlegiblyononesideofthepaper,double-spaced,withawidemargin.ManuscriptsinEnglishmustbetype-writtenorprintedinink.

4.Translatedarticlesshouldbeaccompaniedbytheoriginal.Quotationsmustbenotedwiththeirsources.

5.Contributions,ifnotacceptedforpublication,willbereturnedtothesenderswithintwomonths.

6.Contributionswillbepaidaftertheirmanuscriptsarepublished.

7.Manuscriptsmaybepublishedintheauthors'realnamesorintheirpennamesastheywish.

8.Contributionsshouldbesentdirectlytotheeditorialboard,nottoindividuals.Ouraddressis:EditorialBoardoftheMonthlyMagazine“EnglishTeachingandLearning”,Ninghai,FujianProvince.

EditorialBoardoftheMonthly

Magazine“EnglishTeachingandLearning”

第四十四页，共75页。VI.Usetheinformationtoanswerthequestions.(innomorethan4words)

1.Whatisthenameofthemagazine?

.

2.Whoisthereadershipofthemagazine?Thismagazineismainlyintendedfor

.

3.Whatkindsofcontributionsarewarmlywelcome?Contributionsinall

.

4.Howmanywordsarethecontributionsrequired?

.

5.Whatdateisitpublishedeverymonth?

.第四十五页，共75页。VII.UsetheinformationtofindtheitemsequivalenttothosegiveninChinese.

1.各种形式和题材的稿件2.来稿如不采用，三个月内退还。3.来稿一经发表(fābiǎo)，即酌付稿酬。4.本刊的主要对象是在校大学生。5.来稿请直接寄本刊编辑部。第四十六页，共75页。Question2:Whatisaforeigner'sfirstimpressionoftheU.but也可作为关系代词引导定语从句，其先行词可以是人也可以是物。Whatisyourcompanydoes?personfromacountryotherthanone'sown外国人Hermoodisalsodarker,especiallywhensheawakensinthemorning;ittakesallherenergyjusttodragherselfoutofbed.Theclockisnothingbutourslaves.leisure['li:ʒə]n.☆Wehavebeeninthislinesince1996.saving['seiviŋ]n.Thetrainistoarriveat10∶30.warmerweathercanlightenyourmood)withorasifwithaprobe（用探针或探测器）检查；Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinarestaurantorcoffeehouse.toonesidewiththeelboworelbows用肘把人推到一旁简明(jiǎnmíng)实用英语高职高专ppt课件madeoutD.SectionⅢGrammar

AttributiveClauseII（定语(dìngyǔ)从句二）BACK语法知识例句1.关系代词只能用which1)当先行词是that时，定语从句只能用which引导。2)关系代词在定语从句中位于介词之后，只能用which。3)先行词为“those+复数名词”（指物）之后多用which。4)非限制定语从句一般用which。1.Iusethewordnotinthepresentmeaning,butthatwhichwasheldinthe19thcentury.2.ThisisthevillageinwhichIspentmostofmychildhood.3.ShemarriedTom,whichwasunexpected.4.Ineversawsuchapersonasyouare.第四十七页，共75页。语法知识例句2.as作关系代词关系代词as常用于“thesame...as”“such...as”和“as...as”的结构中，引导限定性定语从句，代表前面作为先行词的人或物。3.but作关系代词but也可作为关系代词引导定语从句，其先行词可以是人也可以是物。but作为关系代词总是和具有否定意义的主句连用，其本身带有“that/who...not”的含义，整个句子通过双重否定而加强语气。5.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.6.Thereisnomanbutknowsthesunislargerthanthemoon.（没有人不知道太阳比月亮大。）7.Thereisnooneofusbutwishestogo.（我们人人都想去。）第四十八页，共75页。VIII.Choosethebestanswer.

1.Thetotalcultivatedareais13000acres

10000acresareirrigatedfields.A.WhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.ofthat

2.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestchildthanshewastotheothers,

ofcourse,madetheothersjealous.A.WhoB.thatC.whatD.which

第四十九页，共75页。3.Aninvestigationwasmadeintotheaccident,

fiftypeoplewerekilled.A.inwhichB.whereC.whenD.forthat

4.

mightbeexpected,theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.A.AsB.ThatC.ItD.What

5.Therehasnotbeenastatesmanofeminence

wasamanofindustry.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.but第五十页，共75页。SectionⅣAppliedWriting

LetterofRequest（请求(qǐngqiú)信）SampleBACKSirs,

IwillgraduatefromTongjiUniversityinChinanextsummer.

Ishouldliketoobtainapplicationformsforyourcollege,andtheproperinformationaboutyourscholarshipprogram,sinceIwouldneedfinancialaid.Respectfullyyours,WangPeng第五十一页，共75页。IX.Doityourself.

Directions:Thispartistotestyourabilitytodopracticalwriting.YouarerequiredtowritealetterofrequestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninChinese. 你是清华大学四年级的学生，今年夏天毕业，想申请贵校的研究生，请求(qǐngqiú)索取奖学金申请表格。第五十二页，共75页。TeachingGuide第五十三页，共75页。SectionⅤReadingPractice

Passage1What'sYourBestTimeofDay?

Biologicalrhythmsmakeusadifferentpersonat9a.m.thanweareat3p.m.Here'saguidetowhenyouworkbetter,feelbetter,thinkbetter. Everyfall,Jane,ayoungmotherandpart-timelibrarian,beginstoeatmoreandoftenfeelssleepy.Hermoodisalsodarker,especiallywhensheawakensinthemorning;ittakesallherenergyjusttodragherselfoutofbed.ThesesymptomspersistuntilApril,whenwarmerweatherandlongerdaysseemtolightenhermoodandmakeherlosethedesireforfoodandsleep.BACK第五十四页，共75页。 Alllivingorganismsexhibitbiologicalrhythms.Someareshortandcanbemeasuredinminutesorhours.Otherslastdaysormonths.Thepeakingofbodytemperature,whichoccursinmostpeopleeveryevening,isadailyrhythm. Becausetheyareeasytodetectandmeasure,moreisknownofdailyrhythmsthanothertypes.Themostobviousdailyrhythmisthesleep/wakecycle.Butthereareotherdailycyclesaswell:temperature,bloodpressure,hormonelevels.Amidtheseandthebody'sotherchangingrhythms,youaresimplyadifferentpersonat9a.m.thanyouareat3p.m.Howyoufeel,howwellyouwork,yourlevelofalertness,yoursensitivitytotasteandsmell,thedegreewithwhichyouenjoyfoodortakepleasureinmusic—allchangingthroughouttheday.第五十五页，共75页。 Mostofusseemtoreachourpeakofalertnessaroundnoon.Soonafterthat,alertnessdeclines,andsleepinessmaysetinbymidafternoon. Yourshort-termmemoryisbestduringthemorning—infact,about15percentmoreefficientthanatanyothertimeofday.So,students,takeheed:whenfacedwithamorningexam,itreallydoespaytoreviewyournotesrightbeforethetestisgiven.第五十六页，共75页。 Long-termmemoryisdifferent.Afternoonisthebesttimeforlearningmaterialthatyouwanttorecalldays,weeksormonthslater.fyouareastudent,youwouldbewisetoscheduleyourmoredifficultclassesintheafternoon,ratherthaninthemorning.Youshouldalsotrytodomostofyourstudyingintheafternoon,ratherthanlateatnight.Manystudents,becausetheirshort-termrecallisbetterduringthehoursofthemorningthanintheafternoon,thinktheycanhaveabettermemorybyburningthemidnightoil.Butshort-termmemorywon'thelpthemmuchseveraldayslater,whentheyfacetheexam. Bycontrast,wetendtodobestoncognitivetasks—thingsthatrequirethejugglingofwordsandfiguresinone'shead—duringthemorninghours.第五十七页，共75页。 Yourmanualdexterity—thespeedandcoordinationwithwhichyouperformcomplicatedtaskswithyourhands—peaksduringtheafternoonhours.Suchworkascarpentry,typingorsewingwillbealittleeasieratthistimeofday. Whataboutsports?Duringafternoonandearlyevening,yourcoordinationisatitspeak,andyou'reabletoreactthequickesttoanoutsidestimulus. Infact,allofyoursenses—taste,sight,hearing,touchandsmell—maybeattheirkeenestduringlateafternoonandearlyevening.Thatcouldbewhydinnerusuallytastesbettertousthanbreakfastandwhynightlightsirritateus.第五十八页，共75页。 Whileallofusfollowthesamegeneralpatternofupsanddowns,theexacttimingvariesfrompersontoperson.Italldependsonhowyour“biological”dayisstructured—howmuchofamorningornightpersonyouare. Eachofuscanincreaseourknowledgeaboutourindividualrhythms.Learnhowtolistentotheinnerbeatsofyourbody;letthemsetthepaceofyourday.Youwillliveahealthier—andhappier—life.第五十九页，共75页。NewWords&Phrasesbiological[,baiə'lɔdʒikəl]adj.生物学的▲rhythm['riðəm]n.节奏symptom['simptəm]n.症状persist[pə'sist]v.持续(chíxù)▲organism['ɔ:gənizəm]n.生物体⊙hormone['hɔ:məun]n.荷尔蒙▲alertness[ə'lə:tnis]n.警觉；警惕⊙sensitivity[,sensi'tiviti]n.敏感性⊙heed[hi:d]n.注意schedule['skedʒul]v.排定第六十页，共75页。⊙cognitive['kɔgnitiv]adj.有认识力的⊙juggling['dʒʌgliŋ]n.魔术；戏法⊙dexterity[deks'teriti]n.灵巧；机敏coordination[kəu'ɔ:di'neiʃən]n.协调▲carpentry['kɑ:pintri]n.木匠individual[,indi'vidjuəl]adj.个人(gèrén)的;单独的第六十一页，共75页。ReadingComprehensionX.Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageyouhaveread.

1.TheexampleofJaneshowsthat

.A.everyfallyoungmothersofteneatmoreandfeelsleepyB.warmerweathercanlightenyourmoodC.alllivingorganismsexhibitbiologicalrhythmsD.onlyyoungwomenexhibitbiologicalrhythms

第六十二页，共75页。2.Withthenewfindingsinchronob